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3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2" /><link rel="home" href="../spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library Documentation" /><link rel="up" href="bk01pt04.html" title="Part IV. Appendices" /><link rel="prev" href="appendix_gpl.html" title="Appendix D. GNU General Public License version 3" /><link rel="next" href="../bk02.html" title="" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_gpl.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part IV.
5 </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../bk02.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix" title="Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="appendix.gfdl-1.2"></a>Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License</h2></div></div></div><p>
6 Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation,
7 <abbr class="abbrev">Inc.</abbr> 51 Franklin <abbr class="abbrev">St</abbr>, Fifth Floor,
8 Boston, <abbr class="abbrev">MA</abbr> 02110-1301 <abbr class="abbrev">USA</abbr>. Everyone is permitted to copy and
9 distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is
11 </p><h2><a id="fdl-1-preamble"></a>
14 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
15 functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure
16 everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or
17 without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
18 Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to
19 get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for
20 modifications made by others.
22 This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of
23 the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements
24 the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for
27 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
28 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program
29 should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software
30 does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used
31 for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is
32 published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for
33 works whose purpose is instruction or reference.</p><h2><a id="fdl-1-definitions"></a>
34 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
36 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
37 contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
38 distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
39 world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work
40 under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, refers to any
41 such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is
42 addressed as "you". You accept the license if you copy, modify or
43 distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright
46 A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
47 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications
48 and/or translated into another language.
50 A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the
51 Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or
52 authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related
53 matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall
54 subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a
55 Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship
56 could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with
57 related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or
58 political position regarding them.
60 The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are
61 designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says
62 that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not
63 fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be
64 designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant
65 Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then
68 The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as
69 Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the
70 Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at
71 most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
73 A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
74 represented in a format whose specification is available to the general
75 public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with
76 generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint
77 programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that
78 is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a
79 variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in
80 an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup,
81 has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by
82 readers is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used
83 for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is
86 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII
87 without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML
88 using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML,
89 PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of
90 transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
91 include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
92 proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
93 processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated
94 HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output
97 The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus
98 such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this
99 License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which
100 do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the
101 most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of
102 the body of the text.
104 A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose title
105 either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that
106 translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific
107 section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", "Dedications",
108 "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" of such a section
109 when you modify the Document means that it remains a section "Entitled
110 XYZ" according to this definition.
112 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
113 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
114 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License,
115 but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that
116 these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the
117 meaning of this License.
118 </p><h2><a id="VerbatimCopying"></a>
121 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
122 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright
123 notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the
124 Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
125 conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical
126 measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the
127 copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in
128 exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies
129 you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
131 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you
132 may publicly display copies.
133 </p><h2><a id="QuantityCopying"></a>
134 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
136 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
137 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
138 Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
139 copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts:
140 Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back
141 cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the
142 publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title
143 with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add
144 other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to
145 the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy
146 these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other
149 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly,
150 you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the
151 actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.
153 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more
154 than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy
155 along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a
156 computer-network location from which the general network-using public has
157 access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete
158 Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the
159 latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin
160 distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent
161 copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one
162 year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or
163 through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.
165 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
166 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
167 them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
169 </p><h2><a id="Modifications"></a>
172 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the
173 conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the
174 Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version
175 filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and
176 modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it.
177 In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
178 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="A"><li class="listitem">
179 Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
180 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which
181 should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the
182 Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the
183 original publisher of that version gives permission.
184 </li><li class="listitem">
185 List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
186 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
187 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
188 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
189 unless they release you from this requirement.
190 </li><li class="listitem">
191 State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified
192 Version, as the publisher.
193 </li><li class="listitem">
194 Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
195 </li><li class="listitem">
196 Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to
197 the other copyright notices.
198 </li><li class="listitem">
199 Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
200 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
201 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
202 </li><li class="listitem">
203 Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
204 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
205 </li><li class="listitem">
206 Include an unaltered copy of this License.
207 </li><li class="listitem">
208 Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
209 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
210 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
211 there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
212 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
213 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
214 Version as stated in the previous sentence.
215 </li><li class="listitem">
216 Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
217 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the
218 network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was
219 based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit
220 a network location for a work that was published at least four years
221 before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the
222 version it refers to gives permission.
223 </li><li class="listitem">
224 For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve
225 the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the
226 substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or
227 dedications given therein.
228 </li><li class="listitem">
229 Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in
230 their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are
231 not considered part of the section titles.
232 </li><li class="listitem">
233 Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be
234 included in the Modified Version.
235 </li><li class="listitem">
236 Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or
237 to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
238 </li><li class="listitem">
239 Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
241 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices
242 that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the
243 Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections
244 as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant
245 Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be
246 distinct from any other section titles.
248 You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
249 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for
250 example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by
251 an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.
253 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
254 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of
255 Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text
256 and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made
257 by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the
258 same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same
259 entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may
260 replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher
261 that added the old one.
263 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give
264 permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply
265 endorsement of any Modified Version.
266 </p><h2><a id="Combining"></a>
267 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
269 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
270 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions,
271 provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections
272 of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as
273 Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that
274 you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
276 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple
277 identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there
278 are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents,
279 make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in
280 parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section
281 if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the
282 section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of
285 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" in
286 the various original documents, forming one section Entitled "History";
287 likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", and any
288 sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections Entitled
290 </p><h2><a id="Collections"></a>
291 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
293 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
294 released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
295 License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
296 the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
297 verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
299 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
300 it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
301 License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other
302 respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
303 </p><h2><a id="Aggregation"></a>
304 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
306 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and
307 independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
308 distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright resulting
309 from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the
310 compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. When the
311 Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the
312 other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of
315 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies
316 of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire
317 aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket
318 the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers
319 if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on
320 printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.
321 </p><h2><a id="Translation"></a>
324 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute
325 translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing
326 Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from
327 their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all
328 Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant
329 Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the
330 license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided
331 that you also include the original English version of this License and the
332 original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a
333 disagreement between the translation and the original version of this
334 License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
336 If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
337 "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its
338 Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title.
339 </p><h2><a id="fdl-1-termination"></a>
342 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as
343 expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy,
344 modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
345 automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties
346 who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not
347 have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full
349 </p><h2><a id="FutureRevisions"></a>
350 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
352 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU
353 Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be
354 similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
355 address new problems or concerns. See <a class="ulink" href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</a>.
357 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If
358 the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License
359 "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the
360 terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later
361 version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software
362 Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this
363 License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the
364 Free Software Foundation.
365 </p><h2><a id="HowToUse"></a>
366 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
368 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the
369 License in the document and put the following copyright and license
370 notices just after the title page:
371 </p><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
372 Copyright (C) YEAR YOUR NAME.
374 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
375 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
376 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
377 Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A
378 copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
379 Documentation License".
380 </p></blockquote></div><p>
381 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
382 replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
383 </p><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
384 with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
385 Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
386 </p></blockquote></div><p>
387 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
388 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
391 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
392 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free
393 software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their
394 use in free software.
395 </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_gpl.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="bk01pt04.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../bk02.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix D.
396 <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License version 3
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