import (
"bytes"
+ "errors"
"io"
"os"
"reflect"
+ "sync"
"unicode"
"utf8"
)
// the flags and options for the operand's format specifier.
type State interface {
// Write is the function to call to emit formatted output to be printed.
- Write(b []byte) (ret int, err os.Error)
+ Write(b []byte) (ret int, err error)
// Width returns the value of the width option and whether it has been set.
Width() (wid int, ok bool)
// Precision returns the value of the precision option and whether it has been set.
// The implementation of Format may call Sprintf or Fprintf(f) etc.
// to generate its output.
type Formatter interface {
- Format(f State, c int)
+ Format(f State, c rune)
}
// Stringer is implemented by any value that has a String method,
n int
panicking bool
buf bytes.Buffer
- runeBuf [utf8.UTFMax]byte
- fmt fmt
+ // field holds the current item, as an interface{}.
+ field interface{}
+ // value holds the current item, as a reflect.Value, and will be
+ // the zero Value if the item has not been reflected.
+ value reflect.Value
+ runeBuf [utf8.UTFMax]byte
+ fmt fmt
}
// A cache holds a set of reusable objects.
-// The buffered channel holds the currently available objects.
+// The slice is a stack (LIFO).
// If more are needed, the cache creates them by calling new.
type cache struct {
- saved chan interface{}
+ mu sync.Mutex
+ saved []interface{}
new func() interface{}
}
func (c *cache) put(x interface{}) {
- select {
- case c.saved <- x:
- // saved in cache
- default:
- // discard
+ c.mu.Lock()
+ if len(c.saved) < cap(c.saved) {
+ c.saved = append(c.saved, x)
}
+ c.mu.Unlock()
}
func (c *cache) get() interface{} {
- select {
- case x := <-c.saved:
- return x // reused from cache
- default:
+ c.mu.Lock()
+ n := len(c.saved)
+ if n == 0 {
+ c.mu.Unlock()
return c.new()
}
- panic("not reached")
+ x := c.saved[n-1]
+ c.saved = c.saved[0 : n-1]
+ c.mu.Unlock()
+ return x
}
func newCache(f func() interface{}) *cache {
- return &cache{make(chan interface{}, 100), f}
+ return &cache{saved: make([]interface{}, 0, 100), new: f}
}
var ppFree = newCache(func() interface{} { return new(pp) })
return
}
p.buf.Reset()
+ p.field = nil
+ p.value = reflect.Value{}
ppFree.put(p)
}
return false
}
-func (p *pp) add(c int) {
+func (p *pp) add(c rune) {
p.buf.WriteRune(c)
}
// Implement Write so we can call Fprintf on a pp (through State), for
// recursive use in custom verbs.
-func (p *pp) Write(b []byte) (ret int, err os.Error) {
+func (p *pp) Write(b []byte) (ret int, err error) {
return p.buf.Write(b)
}
// Fprintf formats according to a format specifier and writes to w.
// It returns the number of bytes written and any write error encountered.
-func Fprintf(w io.Writer, format string, a ...interface{}) (n int, err os.Error) {
+func Fprintf(w io.Writer, format string, a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {
p := newPrinter()
p.doPrintf(format, a)
n64, err := p.buf.WriteTo(w)
// Printf formats according to a format specifier and writes to standard output.
// It returns the number of bytes written and any write error encountered.
-func Printf(format string, a ...interface{}) (n int, err os.Error) {
+func Printf(format string, a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {
return Fprintf(os.Stdout, format, a...)
}
}
// Errorf formats according to a format specifier and returns the string
-// converted to an os.ErrorString, which satisfies the os.Error interface.
-func Errorf(format string, a ...interface{}) os.Error {
- return os.NewError(Sprintf(format, a...))
+// as a value that satisfies error.
+func Errorf(format string, a ...interface{}) error {
+ return errors.New(Sprintf(format, a...))
}
// These routines do not take a format string
// Fprint formats using the default formats for its operands and writes to w.
// Spaces are added between operands when neither is a string.
// It returns the number of bytes written and any write error encountered.
-func Fprint(w io.Writer, a ...interface{}) (n int, err os.Error) {
+func Fprint(w io.Writer, a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {
p := newPrinter()
p.doPrint(a, false, false)
n64, err := p.buf.WriteTo(w)
// Print formats using the default formats for its operands and writes to standard output.
// Spaces are added between operands when neither is a string.
// It returns the number of bytes written and any write error encountered.
-func Print(a ...interface{}) (n int, err os.Error) {
+func Print(a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {
return Fprint(os.Stdout, a...)
}
// Fprintln formats using the default formats for its operands and writes to w.
// Spaces are always added between operands and a newline is appended.
// It returns the number of bytes written and any write error encountered.
-func Fprintln(w io.Writer, a ...interface{}) (n int, err os.Error) {
+func Fprintln(w io.Writer, a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {
p := newPrinter()
p.doPrint(a, true, true)
n64, err := p.buf.WriteTo(w)
// Println formats using the default formats for its operands and writes to standard output.
// Spaces are always added between operands and a newline is appended.
// It returns the number of bytes written and any write error encountered.
-func Println(a ...interface{}) (n int, err os.Error) {
+func Println(a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {
return Fprintln(os.Stdout, a...)
}
// the thing inside the interface, not the interface itself.
func getField(v reflect.Value, i int) reflect.Value {
val := v.Field(i)
- if i := val; i.Kind() == reflect.Interface {
- if inter := i.Interface(); inter != nil {
- return reflect.ValueOf(inter)
- }
+ if val.Kind() == reflect.Interface && !val.IsNil() {
+ val = val.Elem()
}
return val
}
p.buf.WriteByte('?')
}
-func (p *pp) badVerb(verb int, val interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) badVerb(verb rune) {
p.add('%')
p.add('!')
p.add(verb)
p.add('(')
- if val == nil {
- p.buf.Write(nilAngleBytes)
- } else {
- p.buf.WriteString(reflect.TypeOf(val).String())
+ switch {
+ case p.field != nil:
+ p.buf.WriteString(reflect.TypeOf(p.field).String())
+ p.add('=')
+ p.printField(p.field, 'v', false, false, 0)
+ case p.value.IsValid():
+ p.buf.WriteString(p.value.Type().String())
p.add('=')
- p.printField(val, 'v', false, false, 0)
+ p.printValue(p.value, 'v', false, false, 0)
+ default:
+ p.buf.Write(nilAngleBytes)
}
p.add(')')
}
-func (p *pp) fmtBool(v bool, verb int, value interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) fmtBool(v bool, verb rune) {
switch verb {
case 't', 'v':
p.fmt.fmt_boolean(v)
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
}
// fmtC formats a rune for the 'c' format.
func (p *pp) fmtC(c int64) {
- rune := int(c) // Check for overflow.
- if int64(rune) != c {
- rune = utf8.RuneError
+ r := rune(c) // Check for overflow.
+ if int64(r) != c {
+ r = utf8.RuneError
}
- w := utf8.EncodeRune(p.runeBuf[0:utf8.UTFMax], rune)
+ w := utf8.EncodeRune(p.runeBuf[0:utf8.UTFMax], r)
p.fmt.pad(p.runeBuf[0:w])
}
-func (p *pp) fmtInt64(v int64, verb int, value interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) fmtInt64(v int64, verb rune) {
switch verb {
case 'b':
p.fmt.integer(v, 2, signed, ldigits)
if 0 <= v && v <= unicode.MaxRune {
p.fmt.fmt_qc(v)
} else {
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
case 'x':
p.fmt.integer(v, 16, signed, ldigits)
case 'X':
p.fmt.integer(v, 16, signed, udigits)
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
}
p.fmt.sharp = sharp
}
-func (p *pp) fmtUint64(v uint64, verb int, goSyntax bool, value interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) fmtUint64(v uint64, verb rune, goSyntax bool) {
switch verb {
case 'b':
p.fmt.integer(int64(v), 2, unsigned, ldigits)
if 0 <= v && v <= unicode.MaxRune {
p.fmt.fmt_qc(int64(v))
} else {
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
case 'x':
p.fmt.integer(int64(v), 16, unsigned, ldigits)
case 'U':
p.fmtUnicode(int64(v))
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
}
-func (p *pp) fmtFloat32(v float32, verb int, value interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) fmtFloat32(v float32, verb rune) {
switch verb {
case 'b':
p.fmt.fmt_fb32(v)
case 'G':
p.fmt.fmt_G32(v)
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
}
-func (p *pp) fmtFloat64(v float64, verb int, value interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) fmtFloat64(v float64, verb rune) {
switch verb {
case 'b':
p.fmt.fmt_fb64(v)
case 'G':
p.fmt.fmt_G64(v)
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
}
-func (p *pp) fmtComplex64(v complex64, verb int, value interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) fmtComplex64(v complex64, verb rune) {
switch verb {
case 'e', 'E', 'f', 'F', 'g', 'G':
p.fmt.fmt_c64(v, verb)
case 'v':
p.fmt.fmt_c64(v, 'g')
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
}
-func (p *pp) fmtComplex128(v complex128, verb int, value interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) fmtComplex128(v complex128, verb rune) {
switch verb {
case 'e', 'E', 'f', 'F', 'g', 'G':
p.fmt.fmt_c128(v, verb)
case 'v':
p.fmt.fmt_c128(v, 'g')
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
}
-func (p *pp) fmtString(v string, verb int, goSyntax bool, value interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) fmtString(v string, verb rune, goSyntax bool) {
switch verb {
case 'v':
if goSyntax {
case 'q':
p.fmt.fmt_q(v)
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
}
-func (p *pp) fmtBytes(v []byte, verb int, goSyntax bool, depth int, value interface{}) {
+func (p *pp) fmtBytes(v []byte, verb rune, goSyntax bool, depth int) {
if verb == 'v' || verb == 'd' {
if goSyntax {
p.buf.Write(bytesBytes)
case 'q':
p.fmt.fmt_q(s)
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, value)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
}
-func (p *pp) fmtPointer(field interface{}, value reflect.Value, verb int, goSyntax bool) {
+func (p *pp) fmtPointer(value reflect.Value, verb rune, goSyntax bool) {
var u uintptr
switch value.Kind() {
case reflect.Chan, reflect.Func, reflect.Map, reflect.Ptr, reflect.Slice, reflect.UnsafePointer:
u = value.Pointer()
default:
- p.badVerb(verb, field)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
return
}
if goSyntax {
p.add('(')
- p.buf.WriteString(reflect.TypeOf(field).String())
+ p.buf.WriteString(value.Type().String())
p.add(')')
p.add('(')
if u == 0 {
uintptrBits = reflect.TypeOf(uintptr(0)).Bits()
)
-func (p *pp) catchPanic(val interface{}, verb int) {
+func (p *pp) catchPanic(field interface{}, verb rune) {
if err := recover(); err != nil {
// If it's a nil pointer, just say "<nil>". The likeliest causes are a
// Stringer that fails to guard against nil or a nil pointer for a
// value receiver, and in either case, "<nil>" is a nice result.
- if v := reflect.ValueOf(val); v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && v.IsNil() {
+ if v := reflect.ValueOf(field); v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && v.IsNil() {
p.buf.Write(nilAngleBytes)
return
}
}
}
-func (p *pp) printField(field interface{}, verb int, plus, goSyntax bool, depth int) (wasString bool) {
+func (p *pp) handleMethods(verb rune, plus, goSyntax bool, depth int) (wasString, handled bool) {
+ // Is it a Formatter?
+ if formatter, ok := p.field.(Formatter); ok {
+ handled = true
+ wasString = false
+ defer p.catchPanic(p.field, verb)
+ formatter.Format(p, verb)
+ return
+ }
+ // Must not touch flags before Formatter looks at them.
+ if plus {
+ p.fmt.plus = false
+ }
+
+ // If we're doing Go syntax and the field knows how to supply it, take care of it now.
+ if goSyntax {
+ p.fmt.sharp = false
+ if stringer, ok := p.field.(GoStringer); ok {
+ wasString = false
+ handled = true
+ defer p.catchPanic(p.field, verb)
+ // Print the result of GoString unadorned.
+ p.fmtString(stringer.GoString(), 's', false)
+ return
+ }
+ } else {
+ // Is it an error or Stringer?
+ // The duplication in the bodies is necessary:
+ // setting wasString and handled and deferring catchPanic
+ // must happen before calling the method.
+ switch v := p.field.(type) {
+ case error:
+ wasString = false
+ handled = true
+ defer p.catchPanic(p.field, verb)
+ p.printField(v.Error(), verb, plus, false, depth)
+ return
+
+ case Stringer:
+ wasString = false
+ handled = true
+ defer p.catchPanic(p.field, verb)
+ p.printField(v.String(), verb, plus, false, depth)
+ return
+ }
+ }
+ handled = false
+ return
+}
+
+func (p *pp) printField(field interface{}, verb rune, plus, goSyntax bool, depth int) (wasString bool) {
if field == nil {
if verb == 'T' || verb == 'v' {
p.buf.Write(nilAngleBytes)
} else {
- p.badVerb(verb, field)
+ p.badVerb(verb)
}
return false
}
+ p.field = field
+ p.value = reflect.Value{}
// Special processing considerations.
// %T (the value's type) and %p (its address) are special; we always do them first.
switch verb {
p.printField(reflect.TypeOf(field).String(), 's', false, false, 0)
return false
case 'p':
- p.fmtPointer(field, reflect.ValueOf(field), verb, goSyntax)
+ p.fmtPointer(reflect.ValueOf(field), verb, goSyntax)
return false
}
- // Is it a Formatter?
- if formatter, ok := field.(Formatter); ok {
- defer p.catchPanic(field, verb)
- formatter.Format(p, verb)
- return false // this value is not a string
- }
- // Must not touch flags before Formatter looks at them.
- if plus {
- p.fmt.plus = false
- }
- // If we're doing Go syntax and the field knows how to supply it, take care of it now.
- if goSyntax {
- p.fmt.sharp = false
- if stringer, ok := field.(GoStringer); ok {
- defer p.catchPanic(field, verb)
- // Print the result of GoString unadorned.
- p.fmtString(stringer.GoString(), 's', false, field)
- return false // this value is not a string
- }
- } else {
- // Is it a Stringer?
- if stringer, ok := field.(Stringer); ok {
- defer p.catchPanic(field, verb)
- p.printField(stringer.String(), verb, plus, false, depth)
- return false // this value is not a string
- }
+ if wasString, handled := p.handleMethods(verb, plus, goSyntax, depth); handled {
+ return wasString
}
// Some types can be done without reflection.
switch f := field.(type) {
case bool:
- p.fmtBool(f, verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtBool(f, verb)
case float32:
- p.fmtFloat32(f, verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtFloat32(f, verb)
case float64:
- p.fmtFloat64(f, verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtFloat64(f, verb)
case complex64:
- p.fmtComplex64(complex64(f), verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtComplex64(complex64(f), verb)
case complex128:
- p.fmtComplex128(f, verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtComplex128(f, verb)
case int:
- p.fmtInt64(int64(f), verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtInt64(int64(f), verb)
case int8:
- p.fmtInt64(int64(f), verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtInt64(int64(f), verb)
case int16:
- p.fmtInt64(int64(f), verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtInt64(int64(f), verb)
case int32:
- p.fmtInt64(int64(f), verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtInt64(int64(f), verb)
case int64:
- p.fmtInt64(f, verb, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtInt64(f, verb)
case uint:
- p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax)
case uint8:
- p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax)
case uint16:
- p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax)
case uint32:
- p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax)
case uint64:
- p.fmtUint64(f, verb, goSyntax, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtUint64(f, verb, goSyntax)
case uintptr:
- p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax, field)
- return false
+ p.fmtUint64(uint64(f), verb, goSyntax)
case string:
- p.fmtString(f, verb, goSyntax, field)
- return verb == 's' || verb == 'v'
+ p.fmtString(f, verb, goSyntax)
+ wasString = verb == 's' || verb == 'v'
case []byte:
- p.fmtBytes(f, verb, goSyntax, depth, field)
- return verb == 's'
+ p.fmtBytes(f, verb, goSyntax, depth)
+ wasString = verb == 's'
+ default:
+ // Need to use reflection
+ return p.printReflectValue(reflect.ValueOf(field), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth)
+ }
+ p.field = nil
+ return
+}
+
+// printValue is like printField but starts with a reflect value, not an interface{} value.
+func (p *pp) printValue(value reflect.Value, verb rune, plus, goSyntax bool, depth int) (wasString bool) {
+ if !value.IsValid() {
+ if verb == 'T' || verb == 'v' {
+ p.buf.Write(nilAngleBytes)
+ } else {
+ p.badVerb(verb)
+ }
+ return false
+ }
+
+ // Special processing considerations.
+ // %T (the value's type) and %p (its address) are special; we always do them first.
+ switch verb {
+ case 'T':
+ p.printField(value.Type().String(), 's', false, false, 0)
+ return false
+ case 'p':
+ p.fmtPointer(value, verb, goSyntax)
+ return false
}
- // Need to use reflection
- value := reflect.ValueOf(field)
+ // Handle values with special methods.
+ // Call always, even when field == nil, because handleMethods clears p.fmt.plus for us.
+ p.field = nil // Make sure it's cleared, for safety.
+ if value.CanInterface() {
+ p.field = value.Interface()
+ }
+ if wasString, handled := p.handleMethods(verb, plus, goSyntax, depth); handled {
+ return wasString
+ }
+ return p.printReflectValue(value, verb, plus, goSyntax, depth)
+}
+
+// printReflectValue is the fallback for both printField and printValue.
+// It uses reflect to print the value.
+func (p *pp) printReflectValue(value reflect.Value, verb rune, plus, goSyntax bool, depth int) (wasString bool) {
+ oldValue := p.value
+ p.value = value
BigSwitch:
switch f := value; f.Kind() {
case reflect.Bool:
- p.fmtBool(f.Bool(), verb, field)
+ p.fmtBool(f.Bool(), verb)
case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
- p.fmtInt64(f.Int(), verb, field)
+ p.fmtInt64(f.Int(), verb)
case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uintptr:
- p.fmtUint64(uint64(f.Uint()), verb, goSyntax, field)
+ p.fmtUint64(uint64(f.Uint()), verb, goSyntax)
case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
if f.Type().Size() == 4 {
- p.fmtFloat32(float32(f.Float()), verb, field)
+ p.fmtFloat32(float32(f.Float()), verb)
} else {
- p.fmtFloat64(float64(f.Float()), verb, field)
+ p.fmtFloat64(float64(f.Float()), verb)
}
case reflect.Complex64, reflect.Complex128:
if f.Type().Size() == 8 {
- p.fmtComplex64(complex64(f.Complex()), verb, field)
+ p.fmtComplex64(complex64(f.Complex()), verb)
} else {
- p.fmtComplex128(complex128(f.Complex()), verb, field)
+ p.fmtComplex128(complex128(f.Complex()), verb)
}
case reflect.String:
- p.fmtString(f.String(), verb, goSyntax, field)
+ p.fmtString(f.String(), verb, goSyntax)
case reflect.Map:
if goSyntax {
p.buf.WriteString(f.Type().String())
p.buf.WriteByte(' ')
}
}
- p.printField(key.Interface(), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
+ p.printValue(key, verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
p.buf.WriteByte(':')
- p.printField(f.MapIndex(key).Interface(), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
+ p.printValue(f.MapIndex(key), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
}
if goSyntax {
p.buf.WriteByte('}')
}
case reflect.Struct:
if goSyntax {
- p.buf.WriteString(reflect.TypeOf(field).String())
+ p.buf.WriteString(value.Type().String())
}
p.add('{')
v := f
p.buf.WriteByte(':')
}
}
- p.printField(getField(v, i).Interface(), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
+ p.printValue(getField(v, i), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
}
p.buf.WriteByte('}')
case reflect.Interface:
value := f.Elem()
if !value.IsValid() {
if goSyntax {
- p.buf.WriteString(reflect.TypeOf(field).String())
+ p.buf.WriteString(f.Type().String())
p.buf.Write(nilParenBytes)
} else {
p.buf.Write(nilAngleBytes)
}
} else {
- return p.printField(value.Interface(), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
+ wasString = p.printValue(value, verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
}
case reflect.Array, reflect.Slice:
// Byte slices are special.
for i := range bytes {
bytes[i] = byte(f.Index(i).Uint())
}
- p.fmtBytes(bytes, verb, goSyntax, depth, field)
- return verb == 's'
+ p.fmtBytes(bytes, verb, goSyntax, depth)
+ wasString = verb == 's'
+ break
}
if goSyntax {
- p.buf.WriteString(reflect.TypeOf(field).String())
+ p.buf.WriteString(value.Type().String())
p.buf.WriteByte('{')
} else {
p.buf.WriteByte('[')
p.buf.WriteByte(' ')
}
}
- p.printField(f.Index(i).Interface(), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
+ p.printValue(f.Index(i), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
}
if goSyntax {
p.buf.WriteByte('}')
switch a := f.Elem(); a.Kind() {
case reflect.Array, reflect.Slice:
p.buf.WriteByte('&')
- p.printField(a.Interface(), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
+ p.printValue(a, verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
break BigSwitch
case reflect.Struct:
p.buf.WriteByte('&')
- p.printField(a.Interface(), verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
+ p.printValue(a, verb, plus, goSyntax, depth+1)
break BigSwitch
}
}
if goSyntax {
p.buf.WriteByte('(')
- p.buf.WriteString(reflect.TypeOf(field).String())
+ p.buf.WriteString(value.Type().String())
p.buf.WriteByte(')')
p.buf.WriteByte('(')
if v == 0 {
}
p.fmt0x64(uint64(v), true)
case reflect.Chan, reflect.Func, reflect.UnsafePointer:
- p.fmtPointer(field, value, verb, goSyntax)
+ p.fmtPointer(value, verb, goSyntax)
default:
p.unknownType(f)
}
- return false
+ p.value = oldValue
+ return wasString
}
// intFromArg gets the fieldnumth element of a. On return, isInt reports whether the argument has type int.
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