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Deal with cvs "feature"... or is that cvs _user_...
authorManuel Novoa III <mjn3@codepoet.org>
Tue, 12 Mar 2002 01:41:56 +0000 (01:41 -0000)
committerManuel Novoa III <mjn3@codepoet.org>
Tue, 12 Mar 2002 01:41:56 +0000 (01:41 -0000)
libc/stdio/printf.c [new file with mode: 0644]
libc/stdio/stdio.c [new file with mode: 0644]

diff --git a/libc/stdio/printf.c b/libc/stdio/printf.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..ad4da44
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,2033 @@
+/*  Copyright (C) 2002     Manuel Novoa III
+ *  My stdio library for linux and (soon) elks.
+ *
+ *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
+ *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ *  version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ *  Library General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
+ *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free
+ *  Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+ */
+
+/* This code needs a lot of clean up.  Some of that is on hold until uClibc
+ * gets a better configuration system (on Erik's todo list).
+ * The other cleanup will take place during the implementation/integration of
+ * the wide char (un)formatted i/o functions which I'm currently working on.
+ */
+
+/*  ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!
+ *
+ *  This code is currently under development.  Also, I plan to port
+ *  it to elks which is a 16-bit environment with a fairly limited
+ *  compiler.  Therefore, please refrain from modifying this code
+ *  and, instead, pass any bug-fixes, etc. to me.  Thanks.  Manuel
+ *
+ *  ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION! */
+
+#define _ISOC99_SOURCE                 /* for ULLONG primarily... */
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#define _STDIO_UTILITY                 /* We're using _uintmaxtostr. */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#define __PRINTF_INFO_NO_BITFIELD
+#include <printf.h>
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_THREADSAFE
+#include <pthread.h>
+#endif /* __STDIO_THREADSAFE */
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+#define __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_PRINTF
+
+/* TODO -- move these to a configuration section? */
+#define MAX_FIELD_WIDTH                4095
+#define MAX_USER_SPEC 10
+#define MAX_POS_ARGS 10
+
+/* TODO - fix the defs below */
+#define MAX_ARGS_PER_SPEC   (MAX_POS_ARGS-2)
+
+#if MAX_ARGS_PER_SPEC + 2 > MAX_POS_ARGS
+#define MAX_ARGS               MAX_ARGS_PER_SPEC + 2
+#else
+#define MAX_ARGS               MAX_POS_ARGS
+#endif
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+#define __PA_FLAG_INTMASK \
+       (__PA_FLAG_CHAR|PA_FLAG_SHORT|__PA_FLAG_INT|PA_FLAG_LONG|PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG)
+
+extern printf_function *_custom_printf_handler[MAX_USER_SPEC];
+extern printf_arginfo_function *_custom_printf_arginfo[MAX_USER_SPEC];
+extern char *_custom_printf_spec;
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+#define SPEC_FLAGS             " +0-#'I"
+enum {
+       FLAG_SPACE              =       0x01,
+       FLAG_PLUS               =       0x02,   /* must be 2 * FLAG_SPACE */
+       FLAG_ZERO               =       0x04,
+       FLAG_MINUS              =       0x08,   /* must be 2 * FLAG_ZERO */
+       FLAG_HASH               =       0x10,
+       FLAG_THOUSANDS  =       0x20,
+       FLAG_I18N               =       0x40    /* only works for d, i, u */
+};       
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+/* float layout          01234567890123456789   TODO: B?*/
+#define SPEC_CHARS             "npxXoudifFeEgGaACScs"
+enum {
+       CONV_n = 0,
+       CONV_p,
+       CONV_x, CONV_X, CONV_o, CONV_u, CONV_d, CONV_i,
+       CONV_f, CONV_F, CONV_e, CONV_E, CONV_g, CONV_G, CONV_a, CONV_A,
+       CONV_C, CONV_S, CONV_c, CONV_s,
+       CONV_m,
+       CONV_custom0                            /* must be last */
+};
+
+/*                         p   x   X  o   u   d   i */
+#define SPEC_BASE              { 16, 16, 16, 8, 10, 10, 10 }
+
+#define SPEC_RANGES            { CONV_n, CONV_p, CONV_i, CONV_A, \
+                                                 CONV_C, CONV_S, CONV_c, CONV_s, CONV_custom0 }
+
+#define SPEC_OR_MASK            { \
+       /* n */                 (PA_FLAG_PTR|PA_INT), \
+       /* p */                 PA_POINTER, \
+       /* oxXudi */    PA_INT, \
+       /* fFeEgGaA */  PA_DOUBLE, \
+       /* C */                 PA_WCHAR, \
+       /* S */                 PA_WSTRING, \
+       /* c */                 PA_CHAR, \
+       /* s */                 PA_STRING, \
+}
+
+#define SPEC_AND_MASK          { \
+       /* n */                 (PA_FLAG_PTR|__PA_INTMASK), \
+       /* p */                 PA_POINTER, \
+       /* oxXudi */    (__PA_INTMASK), \
+       /* fFeEgGaA */  (PA_FLAG_LONG_DOUBLE|PA_DOUBLE), \
+       /* C */                 (PA_WCHAR), \
+       /* S */                 (PA_WSTRING), \
+       /* c */                 (PA_CHAR), \
+       /* s */                 (PA_STRING), \
+}
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/*
+ * In order to ease translation to what arginfo and _print_info._flags expect,
+ * we map:  0:int  1:char  2:longlong 4:long  8:short
+ * and then _flags |= (((q << 7) + q) & 0x701) and argtype |= (_flags & 0x701)
+ */
+
+/* TODO -- Fix the table below to take into account stdint.h. */
+#if PTRDIFF_MAX != INT_MAX
+#error fix QUAL_CHARS ptrdiff_t entry 't'!
+#endif
+#if SIZE_MAX != UINT_MAX
+#error fix QUAL_CHARS size_t entries 'z', 'Z'!
+#endif
+#ifndef LLONG_MAX
+#error fix QUAL_CHARS for no long long!  Affects 'L', 'j', 'q', 'll'.
+#else
+#if LLONG_MAX != INTMAX_MAX
+#error fix QUAL_CHARS intmax_t entry 'j'!
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#define QUAL_CHARS             { \
+       /* j:(u)intmax_t z:(s)size_t  t:ptrdiff_t  \0:int */ \
+       /* q:long_long  Z:(s)size_t */ \
+       'h',   'l',  'L',  'j',  'z',  't',  'q', 'Z',  0, \
+        2,     4,    8,    8,    0,    0,    8,   0,   0, /* TODO -- fix!!! */\
+     1,     8 \
+}
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_VA_ARG_PTR
+#ifdef __BCC__
+#define __va_arg_ptr(ap,type)          (((type *)(ap += sizeof(type))) - 1)
+#endif
+
+#if 1
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+/* TODO -- need other than for 386 as well! */
+
+#ifndef __va_rounded_size
+#define __va_rounded_size(TYPE)  \
+  (((sizeof (TYPE) + sizeof (int) - 1) / sizeof (int)) * sizeof (int))
+#endif
+#define __va_arg_ptr(AP, TYPE)                                         \
+ (AP = (va_list) ((char *) (AP) + __va_rounded_size (TYPE)),   \
+  ((void *) ((char *) (AP) - __va_rounded_size (TYPE))))
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif /* __STDIO_VA_ARG_PTR */
+
+#ifdef __va_arg_ptr
+#define GET_VA_ARG(AP,F,TYPE,ARGS)     (*(AP) = __va_arg_ptr(ARGS,TYPE))
+#define GET_ARG_VALUE(AP,F,TYPE)       (*((TYPE *)(*(AP))))
+#else
+typedef union {
+       wchar_t wc;
+       unsigned int u;
+       unsigned long ul;
+#ifdef ULLONG_MAX
+       unsigned long long ull;
+#endif
+#ifndef __BCC__
+       double d;
+       long double ld;
+#endif
+       void *p;
+} argvalue_t;
+
+#define GET_VA_ARG(AU,F,TYPE,ARGS)     (AU->F = va_arg(ARGS,TYPE))
+#define GET_ARG_VALUE(AU,F,TYPE)       ((TYPE)((AU)->F))
+#endif
+
+typedef struct {
+       const char *fmtpos;                     /* TODO: move below struct?? */
+       struct printf_info info;
+       int maxposarg;                          /* > 0 if args are positional, 0 if not, -1 if unknown */
+       int num_data_args;                      /* TODO: use sentinal??? */
+       unsigned int conv_num;
+       unsigned char argnumber[4]; /* width | prec | 1st data | unused */
+       int argtype[MAX_ARGS];
+       va_list arg;
+#ifdef __va_arg_ptr
+       void *argptr[MAX_ARGS];
+#else
+       /* While this is wasteful of space in the case where pos args aren't
+        * enabled, it is also needed to support custom printf handlers. */
+       argvalue_t argvalue[MAX_ARGS];
+#endif
+} ppfs_t;                                              /* parse printf format state */
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+/* TODO: fix printf to return 0 and set errno if format error.  Standard says
+   only returns -1 if sets error indicator for the stream. */
+
+/* TODO -- __isdigit() macro */
+#define __isdigit(c) (((unsigned int)(c - '0')) < 10)
+
+extern size_t _dtostr(FILE * fp, long double x, struct printf_info *info);
+
+#define _outnstr(stream, string, len)  _stdio_fwrite(s, len, stream)   /* TODO */
+
+extern int _do_one_spec(FILE * __restrict stream, ppfs_t *ppfs, int *count);
+
+extern int _ppfs_init(ppfs_t *ppfs, const char *fmt0); /* validates */
+extern void _ppfs_prepargs(ppfs_t *ppfs, va_list arg); /* sets posargptrs */
+extern void _ppfs_setargs(ppfs_t *ppfs); /* sets argptrs for current spec */
+extern int _ppfs_parsespec(ppfs_t *ppfs); /* parses specifier */
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_parse_printf_format
+
+/* NOTE: This function differs from the glibc version in that parsing stops
+ * upon encountering an invalid conversion specifier.  Since this is the way
+ * my printf functions work, I think it makes sense to do it that way here.
+ * Unfortunately, since glibc sets the return type as size_t, we have no way
+ * of returning that the template is illegal, other than returning 0.
+ */
+
+size_t parse_printf_format(register const char *template,
+                                                  size_t n, int *argtypes)
+{
+       ppfs_t ppfs;
+       size_t i;
+       size_t count = 0;
+
+       if (_ppfs_init(&ppfs, template) >= 0) {
+               if (ppfs.maxposarg > 0)  { /* Using positional args. */
+                       count = ppfs.maxposarg;
+                       if (n > count) {
+                               n = count;
+                       }
+                       for (i = 0 ; i < n ; i++) {
+                               *argtypes++ = ppfs.argtype[i];
+                       }
+               } else {                                /* Not using positional args. */
+                       while (*template) {
+                               if ((*template == '%') && (*++template != '%')) {
+                                       ppfs.fmtpos = template;
+                                       _ppfs_parsespec(&ppfs); /* Can't fail. */
+                                       template = ppfs.fmtpos; /* Update to one past spec end. */
+                                       if (ppfs.info.width == INT_MIN) {
+                                               ++count;
+                                               if (n > 0) {
+                                                       *argtypes++ = PA_INT;
+                                                       --n;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       if (ppfs.info.prec == INT_MIN) {
+                                               ++count;
+                                               if (n > 0) {
+                                                       *argtypes++ = PA_INT;
+                                                       --n;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       for (i = 0 ; i < ppfs.num_data_args ; i++) {
+                                               if ((ppfs.argtype[i]) != __PA_NOARG) {
+                                                       ++count;
+                                                       if (n > 0) {
+                                                               *argtypes++ = ppfs.argtype[i];
+                                                               --n;
+                                                       }
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               } else {
+                                       ++template;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       return count;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_vfprintf
+
+/* We only support ascii digits (or their USC equivalent codes) in
+ * precision and width settings in *printf (wide) format strings.
+ * In other words, we don't currently support glibc's 'I' flag.
+ * We do accept it, but it is currently ignored. */
+
+/* TODO -- Implement grouping flag... on hold (locale support). */
+
+int vfprintf(FILE * __restrict stream, register const char * __restrict format,
+                        va_list arg)
+{
+       ppfs_t ppfs;
+       int count, r;
+       register const char *s;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       count = 0;
+       s = format;
+
+       if (_ppfs_init(&ppfs, format) < 0) { /* Bad format string. */
+               _outnstr(stream, format, strlen(format));
+               count = -1;
+       } else {
+               _ppfs_prepargs(&ppfs, arg);
+
+               do {
+                       while (*format && (*format != '%')) {
+                               ++format;
+                       }
+
+                       if (format-s) {         /* output any literal text in format string */
+                               if ( (r = _outnstr(stream, s, format-s)) < 0) {
+                                       count = -1;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               count += r;
+                       }
+
+                       if (!*format) {                 /* we're done */
+                               break;
+                       }
+               
+                       if (format[1] != '%') { /* if we get here, *format == '%' */
+                               /* TODO: _do_one_spec needs to know what the output funcs are!!! */
+                               ppfs.fmtpos = ++format;
+                               /* TODO: check -- should only fail on stream error */
+                               if ( (r = _do_one_spec(stream, &ppfs, &count)) < 0) {
+                                       count = -1;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               s = format = ppfs.fmtpos;
+                       } else {                        /* %% means literal %, so start new string */
+                               s = ++format;
+                               ++format;
+                       }
+               } while (1);
+       }
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return count;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__ppfs_init
+
+int _ppfs_init(register ppfs_t *ppfs, const char *fmt0)
+{
+       int r;
+
+       /* First, zero out everything... argnumber[], argtype[], argptr[] */
+       memset(ppfs, 0, sizeof(ppfs_t)); /* TODO: nonportable???? */
+       --ppfs->maxposarg;                      /* set to -1 */
+       /* now set all argtypes to no-arg */
+       {
+#if 1
+               /* TODO - use memset here since already "paid for"? */
+               register int *p = ppfs->argtype;
+               
+               r = MAX_ARGS;
+               do {
+                       *p++ = __PA_NOARG;
+               } while (--r);
+#else
+               /* TODO -- get rid of this?? */
+               register char *p = (char *) ((MAX_ARGS-1) * sizeof(int));
+
+               do {
+                       *((int *)(((char *)ppfs) + ((int)p) + offsetof(ppfs_t,argtype))) = __PA_NOARG;
+                       p -= sizeof(int);
+               } while (p);
+#endif
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Run through the entire format string to validate it and initialize
+        * the positional arg numbers (if any).
+        */
+       {
+               register const char *fmt = fmt0;
+
+               while (*fmt) {
+                       if ((*fmt == '%') && (*++fmt != '%')) {
+                               ppfs->fmtpos = fmt; /* back up to the '%' */
+                               if ((r = _ppfs_parsespec(ppfs)) < 0) {
+                                       return -1;
+                               }
+                               fmt = ppfs->fmtpos;     /* update to one past end of spec */
+                       } else {
+                               ++fmt;
+                       }
+               }
+               ppfs->fmtpos = fmt0;            /* rewind */
+       }
+
+       /* If we have positional args, make sure we know all the types. */
+       {
+               register int *p = ppfs->argtype;
+               r = ppfs->maxposarg;
+               while (--r >= 0) {
+                       if ( *p == __PA_NOARG ) { /* missing arg type!!! */
+                               return -1;
+                       }
+                       ++p;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__ppfs_prepargs
+void _ppfs_prepargs(register ppfs_t *ppfs, va_list arg)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       __va_copy(ppfs->arg, arg);
+
+       if ((i = ppfs->maxposarg) > 0)  { /* init for positional args */
+               ppfs->num_data_args = i;
+               ppfs->info.width = ppfs->info.prec = ppfs->maxposarg = 0;
+               _ppfs_setargs(ppfs);
+               ppfs->maxposarg = i;
+       }
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__ppfs_setargs
+
+void _ppfs_setargs(register ppfs_t *ppfs)
+{
+#ifdef __va_arg_ptr
+       register void **p = ppfs->argptr;
+#else
+       register argvalue_t *p = ppfs->argvalue;
+#endif
+       int i;
+
+       if (ppfs->maxposarg == 0) {     /* initing for or no pos args */
+               if (ppfs->info.width == INT_MIN) {
+                       ppfs->info.width =
+#ifdef __va_arg_ptr
+                               *(int *)
+#endif
+                               GET_VA_ARG(p,u,unsigned int,ppfs->arg);
+               } 
+               if (ppfs->info.prec == INT_MIN) {
+                       ppfs->info.prec =
+#ifdef __va_arg_ptr
+                               *(int *)
+#endif
+                               GET_VA_ARG(p,u,unsigned int,ppfs->arg);
+               }
+               i = 0;
+               while (i < ppfs->num_data_args) {
+                       switch(ppfs->argtype[i++]) {
+                               case (PA_INT|PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG):
+#ifdef ULLONG_MAX
+                                       GET_VA_ARG(p,ull,unsigned long long,ppfs->arg);
+                                       break;
+#endif
+                               case (PA_INT|PA_FLAG_LONG):
+#if ULONG_MAX != UINT_MAX
+                                       GET_VA_ARG(p,ul,unsigned long,ppfs->arg);
+                                       break;
+#endif
+                               case PA_CHAR:   /* TODO - be careful */
+                                       /* ... users could use above and really want below!! */
+                               case (PA_INT|__PA_FLAG_CHAR):/* TODO -- translate this!!! */
+                               case (PA_INT|PA_FLAG_SHORT):
+                               case PA_INT:
+                                       GET_VA_ARG(p,u,unsigned int,ppfs->arg);
+                                       break;
+                               case PA_WCHAR:  /* TODO -- assume int? */
+                                       /* we're assuming wchar_t is at least an int */
+                                       GET_VA_ARG(p,wc,wchar_t,ppfs->arg);
+                                       break;
+#ifndef __BCC__
+                                       /* PA_FLOAT */
+                               case PA_DOUBLE:
+                                       GET_VA_ARG(p,d,double,ppfs->arg);
+                                       break;
+                               case (PA_DOUBLE|PA_FLAG_LONG_DOUBLE):
+                                       GET_VA_ARG(p,ld,long double,ppfs->arg);
+                                       break;
+#else
+                               case PA_DOUBLE:
+                               case (PA_DOUBLE|PA_FLAG_LONG_DOUBLE):
+                                       assert(0);
+#endif
+                               default:
+                                       /* TODO -- really need to ensure this can't happen */
+                                       assert(ppfs->argtype[i-1] & PA_FLAG_PTR);
+                               case PA_POINTER:
+                               case PA_STRING:
+                               case PA_WSTRING:
+                                       GET_VA_ARG(p,p,void *,ppfs->arg);
+                                       break;                          
+                               case __PA_NOARG:
+                                       continue;
+                       }
+                       ++p;
+               }
+       } else {
+               if (ppfs->info.width == INT_MIN) {
+                       ppfs->info.width
+                               = (int) GET_ARG_VALUE(p + ppfs->argnumber[0] - 1,u,unsigned int);
+               } 
+               if (ppfs->info.prec == INT_MIN) {
+                       ppfs->info.prec
+                               = (int) GET_ARG_VALUE(p + ppfs->argnumber[1] - 1,u,unsigned int);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Now we know the width and precision. */
+       if (ppfs->info.width < 0) {
+               ppfs->info.width = -ppfs->info.width;
+               PRINT_INFO_SET_FLAG(&(ppfs->info),left);
+               PRINT_INFO_CLR_FLAG(&(ppfs->info),space);
+               ppfs->info.pad = ' ';
+       }
+#if 0
+       /* NOTE -- keep neg for now so float knows! */
+       if (ppfs->info.prec < 0) {      /* spec says treat as omitted. */
+               /* so use default prec... 1 for everything but floats and strings. */
+               ppfs->info.prec = 1;
+       }
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__ppfs_parsespec
+
+/* Notes: argtype differs from glibc for the following:
+ *         mine              glibc
+ *  lc     PA_WCHAR          PA_CHAR       the standard says %lc means %C
+ *  ls     PA_WSTRING        PA_STRING     the standard says %ls means %S
+ *  {*}n   {*}|PA_FLAG_PTR   PA_FLAG_PTR   size of n can be qualified
+ */
+
+/* TODO: store positions of positional args */
+
+/* TODO -- WARNING -- assumes aligned on integer boundaries!!! */
+
+/* TODO -- disable if not using positional args!!! */
+#define _OVERLAPPING_DIFFERENT_ARGS
+
+/* TODO -- rethink this -- perhaps we should set to largest type??? */
+
+#ifdef _OVERLAPPING_DIFFERENT_ARGS 
+
+#define PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(X)            ((sizeof(X) + sizeof(int) - 1) / sizeof(X))
+
+static const short int type_codes[] = {
+       __PA_NOARG,                                     /* must be first entry */
+       PA_POINTER,
+       PA_STRING,
+       PA_WSTRING,
+       PA_CHAR,
+       PA_INT|PA_FLAG_SHORT,
+       PA_INT,
+       PA_INT|PA_FLAG_LONG,
+       PA_INT|PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG,
+       PA_WCHAR,
+#ifndef __BCC__
+       /* PA_FLOAT, */
+       PA_DOUBLE,
+       PA_DOUBLE|PA_FLAG_LONG_DOUBLE,
+#endif
+};
+
+static const unsigned char type_sizes[] = {
+       /* unknown type consumes no arg */
+       0,                                                      /* must be first entry */
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(void *),
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(char *),
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(wchar_t *),
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(char),
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(short),
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(int),
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(long),
+#ifdef ULLONG_MAX
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(long long),
+#else
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(long),         /* TODO -- is this correct? (above too) */
+#endif
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(wchar_t),
+#ifndef __BCC__
+       /* PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(float), */
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(double),
+       PROMOTED_SIZE_OF(long double),
+#endif
+};
+
+static int _promoted_size(int argtype)
+{
+       register const short int *p;
+
+       /* note -- since any unrecognized type is treated as a pointer */
+       p = type_codes + sizeof(type_codes)/sizeof(type_codes[0]);
+       do {
+               if (*--p == argtype) {
+                       break;
+               }
+       } while (p > type_codes);
+
+       return type_sizes[(int)(p - type_codes)];
+}
+
+static int _is_equal_or_bigger_arg(int curtype, int newtype)
+{
+       /* Quick test */
+       if (newtype == __PA_NOARG) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if ((curtype == __PA_NOARG) || (curtype == newtype)) {
+               return 1;
+       }
+       /* Ok... slot is already filled and types are different in name. */
+       /* So, compare promoted sizes of curtype and newtype args. */
+       return _promoted_size(curtype) <= _promoted_size(newtype);
+}
+
+#else
+
+#define _is_equal_or_bigger_arg(C,N)   (((C) == __PA_NOARG) || ((C) == (N)))
+
+#endif
+
+/* TODO - do this differently? */
+static char _bss_custom_printf_spec[MAX_USER_SPEC]; /* 0-init'd for us.  */
+
+char *_custom_printf_spec = _bss_custom_printf_spec;
+printf_arginfo_function *_custom_printf_arginfo[MAX_USER_SPEC];
+
+extern int _ppfs_parsespec(ppfs_t *ppfs)
+{
+       register const char *fmt;
+       register const char *p;
+       int preci;
+       int width;
+       int flags;
+       int dataargtype;
+       int i;
+       int dpoint;
+       int maxposarg;
+       int p_m_spec_chars;
+       int n;
+       int argtype[MAX_ARGS_PER_SPEC+2];
+       int argnumber[3];                       /* width, precision, 1st data arg */
+       unsigned int conv_num;
+       static const char spec_flags[] = SPEC_FLAGS;
+       static const char spec_chars[] = SPEC_CHARS;/* TODO: b? */
+       static const char spec_ranges[] = SPEC_RANGES;
+       static const short spec_or_mask[] = SPEC_OR_MASK;
+       static const short spec_and_mask[] = SPEC_AND_MASK;
+       static const char qual_chars[] = QUAL_CHARS;
+
+       /* WIDE note: we can test against '%' here since we don't allow */
+       /* WIDE note: other mappings of '%' in the wide char set. */
+       preci = -1;
+       width = flags = dpoint = 0;
+       argnumber[0] = 0;
+       argnumber[1] = 0;
+       argtype[0] = __PA_NOARG;
+       argtype[1] = __PA_NOARG;
+       maxposarg = ppfs->maxposarg;
+       fmt = ppfs->fmtpos;
+
+       assert(fmt[-1] == '%');
+       assert(fmt[0] != '%');
+
+       /* Process arg pos and/or flags and/or width and/or precision. */
+ width_precision:
+       p = fmt;
+       if (*fmt == '*') {
+               argtype[-dpoint] = PA_INT;
+               ++fmt;
+       }
+       i = 0;
+       while (__isdigit(*fmt)) {
+               if (i < MAX_FIELD_WIDTH) { /* Avoid overflow. */
+                       i = (i * 10) + (*fmt - '0');
+               }
+               ++fmt;
+       }
+       if (p[-1] == '%') { /* Check for a position. */
+
+               /* TODO: if val not in range, then error */
+
+               if ((*fmt == '$') && (i > 0)) {/* Positional spec. */
+                       ++fmt;
+                       if (maxposarg == 0) {
+                               return -1;
+                       }
+                       if ((argnumber[2] = i) > maxposarg) {
+                               maxposarg = i;
+                       }
+                       /* Now fall through to check flags. */
+               } else {
+                       if (maxposarg > 0) {
+                               return -1;
+                       }
+                       maxposarg = 0;          /* Possible redundant store, but cuts size. */
+
+                       if ((fmt > p) && (*p != '0')) {
+                               goto PREC_WIDTH;
+                       }
+
+                       fmt = p;                        /* Back up for possible '0's flag. */
+                       /* Now fall through to check flags. */
+               }
+
+       restart_flags:          /* Process flags. */
+               i = 1;
+               p = spec_flags;
+       
+               do {
+                       if (*fmt == *p++) {
+                               ++fmt;
+                               flags |= i;
+                               goto restart_flags;
+                       }
+                       i += i;                         /* Better than i <<= 1 for bcc */
+               } while (*p);
+               i = 0;
+
+               /* If '+' then ignore ' ', and if '-' then ignore '0'. */
+               /* Note: Need to ignore '0' when prec is an arg with val < 0, */
+               /*       but that test needs to wait until the arg is retrieved. */
+               flags &= ~((flags & (FLAG_PLUS|FLAG_MINUS)) >> 1);
+               /* Note: Ignore '0' when prec is specified < 0 too (in printf). */
+
+               if (fmt[-1] != '%') {   /* If we've done anything, loop for width. */
+                       goto width_precision;
+               }
+       }
+ PREC_WIDTH:
+       if (*p == '*') {                        /* Prec or width takes an arg. */
+               if (maxposarg) {
+                       if ((*fmt++ != '$') || (i <= 0)) {
+                               /* Using pos args and no $ or invalid arg number. */
+                               return -1;
+                       }
+                       argnumber[-dpoint] = i;
+               } else if (++p != fmt) {
+                        /* Not using pos args but digits followed *. */
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               i = INT_MIN;
+       }
+
+       if (!dpoint) {
+               width = i;
+               if (*fmt == '.') {
+                       ++fmt;
+                       dpoint = -1;            /* To use as default precison. */
+                       goto width_precision;
+               }
+       } else {
+               preci = i;
+       }
+
+       /* Process qualifier. */
+       p = qual_chars;
+       do {
+               if (*fmt == *p) {
+                       ++fmt;
+                       break;
+               }
+       } while (*++p);
+       if ((p - qual_chars < 2) && (*fmt == *p)) {
+               p += ((sizeof(qual_chars)-2) / 2);
+               ++fmt;
+       }
+       dataargtype = ((int)(p[(sizeof(qual_chars)-2) / 2])) << 8;
+
+       /* Process conversion specifier. */
+       if (!*fmt) {
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       p = spec_chars;
+
+       do {
+               if (*fmt == *p) {
+                       p_m_spec_chars = p - spec_chars;
+
+                       if ((p_m_spec_chars >= CONV_c)
+                               && (dataargtype & PA_FLAG_LONG)) {
+                               p_m_spec_chars -= 2; /* lc -> C and ls -> S */
+                       }
+
+                       conv_num = p_m_spec_chars;
+                       p = spec_ranges-1;
+                       while (p_m_spec_chars > *++p) {}
+
+                       i = p - spec_ranges;
+                       argtype[2] = (dataargtype | spec_or_mask[i]) & spec_and_mask[i];
+                       p = spec_chars;
+                       break;
+               }
+       } while(*++p);
+
+       ppfs->info.spec = *fmt;
+       ppfs->info.prec = preci;
+       ppfs->info.width = width;
+       ppfs->info.pad = ((flags & FLAG_ZERO) ? '0' : ' ');
+       ppfs->info._flags = (flags & ~FLAG_ZERO) | (dataargtype & __PA_INTMASK);
+       ppfs->num_data_args = 1;
+
+       if (!*p) {
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_PRINTF
+               /* TODO -- gnu %m support build option. */
+               if (*fmt == 'm') {
+                       conv_num = CONV_m;
+                       ppfs->num_data_args = 0;
+                       goto DONE;
+               }
+
+               /* Handle custom arg -- WARNING -- overwrites p!!! */
+               conv_num = CONV_custom0;
+               p = _custom_printf_spec;
+               do {
+                       if (*p == *fmt) {
+                               if ((ppfs->num_data_args
+                                        = ((*_custom_printf_arginfo[(int)(p-_custom_printf_spec)])
+                                               (&(ppfs->info), MAX_ARGS_PER_SPEC, argtype+2)))
+                                       > MAX_ARGS_PER_SPEC) {
+                                       break;          /* Error -- too many args! */
+                               }
+                               goto DONE;
+                       }
+               } while (++p < (_custom_printf_spec + MAX_USER_SPEC));
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_PRINTF */
+               /* Otherwise error. */
+               return -1;
+       }
+               
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_PRINTF
+ DONE:
+#endif
+
+       if (maxposarg > 0) {
+               i = 0;
+               do {
+                       /* Update maxposarg and check that NL_ARGMAX is not exceeded. */
+                       n = ((i <= 2)
+                                ? (ppfs->argnumber[i] = argnumber[i])
+                                : argnumber[2] + (i-2));
+                       if (n > maxposarg) {
+                               if ((maxposarg = n) > NL_ARGMAX) {
+                                       return -1;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       --n;
+                       /* Record argtype with largest size (current, new). */
+                       if (_is_equal_or_bigger_arg(ppfs->argtype[n], argtype[i])) {
+                               ppfs->argtype[n] = argtype[i];
+                       }
+               } while (++i < ppfs->num_data_args + 2);
+       } else {
+               ppfs->argnumber[2] = 1;
+               memcpy(ppfs->argtype, argtype + 2, ppfs->num_data_args * sizeof(int));
+       }
+
+       ppfs->maxposarg = maxposarg;
+       ppfs->fmtpos = ++fmt;
+       ppfs->conv_num = conv_num;
+
+       return ppfs->num_data_args + 2;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_register_printf_function
+
+int register_printf_function(int spec, printf_function handler,
+                                                        printf_arginfo_function arginfo)
+{
+       register char *r;
+       register char *p;
+
+       if (spec && (arginfo != NULL)) { /* TODO -- check if spec is valid char */
+               r = NULL;
+               p = _custom_printf_spec + MAX_USER_SPEC;
+               do {
+                       --p;
+                       if (!*p) {
+                               r = p;
+                       }
+#ifdef __BCC__
+                       else                            /* bcc generates less code with fall-through */
+#endif
+                       if (*p == spec) {
+                               r = p;
+                               p = _custom_printf_spec;
+                       }
+               } while (p > _custom_printf_spec);
+
+               if (r) {
+                       if (handler) {
+                               *r = spec;
+                               _custom_printf_handler[(int)(r - p)] = handler;
+                               _custom_printf_arginfo[(int)(r - p)] = arginfo;
+                       } else {
+                               *r = 0;
+                       }
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               /* TODO -- if asked to unregister a non-existent spec, return what? */
+       }
+       return -1;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__do_one_spec
+
+printf_function *_custom_printf_handler[MAX_USER_SPEC];
+
+extern void _store_inttype(void *dest, int desttype, uintmax_t val);
+extern uintmax_t _load_inttype(int desttype, const void *src, int uflag);
+extern void _charpad(FILE * __restrict stream, char padchar, size_t numpad);
+extern void output(FILE * __restrict stream, const char *s);
+
+#define output(F,S)                    fputs(S,F)
+
+#undef putc
+void _charpad(FILE * __restrict stream, char padchar, size_t numpad)
+{
+       /* TODO -- Use a buffer to cut down on function calls... */
+       char pad[1];
+
+       *pad = padchar;
+       while (numpad) {
+               _stdio_fwrite(pad, 1, stream);
+               --numpad;
+       }
+}
+
+/* TODO -- Dynamically allocate work space to accomodate stack-poor archs? */
+
+int _do_one_spec(FILE * __restrict stream, register ppfs_t *ppfs, int *count)
+{
+       static const char spec_base[] = SPEC_BASE;
+       static const char prefix[] = "+\0-\0 \0000x\0000X";
+       /*                            0  2  4  6   9 11*/
+       enum {
+               PREFIX_PLUS = 0,
+               PREFIX_MINUS = 2,
+               PREFIX_SPACE = 4,
+               PREFIX_LWR_X = 6,
+               PREFIX_UPR_X = 9,
+               PREFIX_NONE = 11
+       };
+
+#ifdef __va_arg_ptr
+       const void * const *argptr;
+#else
+       const void * argptr[MAX_ARGS_PER_SPEC];
+#endif
+       int *argtype;
+       size_t slen;
+       int base;
+       int numpad;
+       int numfill = 0;                        /* TODO: fix */
+       int prefix_num = PREFIX_NONE;
+       char padchar = ' ';
+       char buf[64];
+
+#ifdef NDEBUG
+       _ppfs_parsespec(ppfs);
+#else
+       if (_ppfs_parsespec(ppfs) < 0) { /* TODO: just for debugging */
+               abort();
+       }
+#endif
+       _ppfs_setargs(ppfs);
+
+       argtype = ppfs->argtype + ppfs->argnumber[2] - 1;
+       /* Deal with the argptr vs argvalue issue. */
+#ifdef __va_arg_ptr
+       argptr = (const void * const *) ppfs->argptr;
+       if (ppfs->maxposarg > 0) {      /* Using positional args... */
+               argptr += ppfs->argnumber[2] - 1;
+       }
+#else
+       /* Need to build a local copy... */
+       {
+               register argvalue_t *p = ppfs->argvalue;
+               int i;
+               if (ppfs->maxposarg > 0) {      /* Using positional args... */
+                       p += ppfs->argnumber[2] - 1;
+               }
+               for (i = 0 ; i < ppfs->num_data_args ; i++ ) {
+                       argptr[i] = (void *) p++;
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+       {
+               register char *s;
+
+               if (ppfs->conv_num == CONV_n) {
+                       _store_inttype(*(void **)*argptr,
+                                                  ppfs->info._flags & __PA_INTMASK,
+                                                  (intmax_t) (*count));
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               if (ppfs->conv_num <= CONV_i) { /* pointer or (un)signed int */
+                       base = spec_base[(int)(ppfs->conv_num - CONV_p)];
+                       if (ppfs->conv_num <= CONV_u) { /* pointer or unsigned int */
+                               if (ppfs->conv_num == CONV_p) { /* pointer */
+                                       prefix_num = PREFIX_LWR_X;
+                               } else {                /* unsigned int */
+                               }
+                       } else {                        /* signed int */
+                               base = -base;
+                       }
+                       if (ppfs->info.prec < 0) { /* Ignore '0' flag if prec specified. */
+                               padchar = ppfs->info.pad;
+                       }
+                       s = _uintmaxtostr(buf + sizeof(buf) - 1,
+                                                         (uintmax_t)
+                                                         _load_inttype(*argtype & __PA_INTMASK,
+                                                                                       *argptr, base), base,
+                                                         ((ppfs->conv_num == CONV_X)
+                                                          ? __UIM_UPPER : __UIM_LOWER));
+                       if (ppfs->conv_num > CONV_u) { /* signed int */
+                               if (*s == '-') {
+                                       PRINT_INFO_SET_FLAG(&(ppfs->info),showsign);
+                                       ++s;            /* handle '-' in the prefix string */
+                                       prefix_num = PREFIX_MINUS;
+                               } else if (PRINT_INFO_FLAG_VAL(&(ppfs->info),showsign)) {
+                                       prefix_num = PREFIX_PLUS;
+                               } else if (PRINT_INFO_FLAG_VAL(&(ppfs->info),space)) {
+                                       prefix_num = PREFIX_SPACE;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       slen = (char *)(buf + sizeof(buf) - 1) - s;
+                       numfill = ((ppfs->info.prec < 0) ? 1 : ppfs->info.prec);
+                       if (PRINT_INFO_FLAG_VAL(&(ppfs->info),alt)) {
+                               if (ppfs->conv_num <= CONV_x) { /* x or p */
+                                       prefix_num = PREFIX_LWR_X;
+                               }
+                               if (ppfs->conv_num == CONV_X) {
+                                       prefix_num = PREFIX_UPR_X;
+                               }
+                               if ((ppfs->conv_num == CONV_o) && (numfill < slen)) {
+                                       numfill = ((*s == '0') ? 1 : slen + 1);
+                               }
+                       }
+                       if (*s == '0') {
+                               if (prefix_num >= PREFIX_LWR_X) {
+                                       prefix_num = PREFIX_NONE;
+                               }
+                               if (ppfs->conv_num == CONV_p) {/* null pointer */
+                                       s = "(nil)";
+                                       slen = 5;
+                                       numfill = 0;
+                               } else if (numfill == 0) {      /* if precision 0, no output */
+                                       slen = 0;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       numfill = ((numfill > slen) ? numfill - slen : 0);
+               } else if (ppfs->conv_num <= CONV_A) {  /* floating point */
+                       *count += _dtostr(stream,
+                                                         (PRINT_INFO_FLAG_VAL(&(ppfs->info),is_long_double)
+                                                          ? *(long double *) *argptr
+                                                          : (long double) (* (double *) *argptr)),
+                                                         &ppfs->info);
+                       return 0;
+               } else if (ppfs->conv_num <= CONV_S) {  /* wide char or string */
+#if 1
+                       return -1;                      /* TODO -- wide */
+#else
+                       if (ppfs->conv_num == CONV_S) { /* wide string */
+
+                       } else {                        /* wide char */
+                               
+                       }
+#endif
+               } else if (ppfs->conv_num <= CONV_s) {  /* char or string */
+                       if (ppfs->conv_num == CONV_s) { /* string */
+                               s = *((char **) (*argptr));
+                               if (s) {
+                               SET_STRING_LEN:
+                                       slen = strnlen(s, ((ppfs->info.prec >= 0)
+                                                                          ? ppfs->info.prec : SIZE_MAX));
+                               } else {
+                                       s = "(null)";
+                                       slen = 6;
+                               }
+                       } else {                        /* char */
+                               s = (char *) buf;
+                               *s = *((const char *) *argptr);
+                               s[1] = 0;
+                               slen = 1;
+                       }
+               } else if (ppfs->conv_num == CONV_m) {
+                       s = strerror(errno);
+                       goto SET_STRING_LEN;
+               } else {
+                       assert(ppfs->conv_num == CONV_custom0);
+
+                       s = _custom_printf_spec;
+                       do {
+                               if (*s == ppfs->info.spec) {
+                                       int rv;
+                                       /* TODO -- check return value for sanity? */
+                                       rv = (*_custom_printf_handler
+                                                 [(int)(s-_custom_printf_spec)])
+                                               (stream, &ppfs->info, argptr);
+                                       if (rv < 0) {
+                                               return -1;
+                                       }
+                                       *count += rv;
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                       } while (++s < (_custom_printf_spec + MAX_USER_SPEC));
+                       assert(0);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               {
+                       size_t t;
+
+                       t = slen + numfill;
+                       if (prefix_num != PREFIX_NONE) {
+                               t += ((prefix_num < PREFIX_LWR_X) ? 1 : 2);
+                       }
+                       numpad = ((ppfs->info.width > t) ? (ppfs->info.width - t) : 0);
+                       *count += t + numpad;
+               }
+               if (padchar == '0') { /* TODO: check this */
+                       numfill += numpad;
+                       numpad = 0;
+               }
+
+               /* Now handle the output itself. */
+               if (!PRINT_INFO_FLAG_VAL(&(ppfs->info),left)) {
+                       _charpad(stream, ' ', numpad);
+                       numpad = 0;
+               }
+               output(stream, prefix + prefix_num);
+               _charpad(stream, '0', numfill);
+               _outnstr(stream, s, slen);
+               _charpad(stream, ' ', numpad);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_vsnprintf
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+int vsnprintf(char *__restrict buf, size_t size,
+                         const char * __restrict format, va_list arg)
+{
+       FILE f;
+       int rv;
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       f.bufgetc =
+#endif
+       f.bufrpos = f.bufwpos = f.bufstart = buf;
+
+       if (size > SIZE_MAX - (size_t) buf) {
+               size = SIZE_MAX - (size_t) buf;
+       }
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+       f.bufputc =
+#endif
+       f.bufend = buf + size;
+
+#if 0                                                  /* shouldn't be necessary */
+/*  #ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+       f.cookie = &(f.filedes);
+       f.gcs.read = 0;
+       f.gcs.write = 0;
+       f.gcs.seek = 0;
+       f.gcs.close = 0;
+#endif
+       f.filedes = -2;                         /* for debugging */
+       f.modeflags = (__FLAG_NARROW|__FLAG_WRITEONLY|__FLAG_WRITING);
+
+       rv = vfprintf(&f, format, arg);
+       if (size) {
+               if (f.bufwpos == f.bufend) {
+                       --f.bufwpos;
+               }
+               *f.bufwpos = 0;
+       }
+       return rv;
+}
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+
+typedef struct {
+       size_t pos;
+       size_t len;
+       unsigned char *buf;
+       FILE *fp;
+} __snpf_cookie;
+
+#define COOKIE ((__snpf_cookie *) cookie)
+
+static ssize_t snpf_write(void *cookie, const char *buf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+       size_t count;
+       char *p;
+
+       /* Note: bufsize < SSIZE_MAX because of _stdio_WRITE. */
+
+       if (COOKIE->len > COOKIE->pos) {
+               count = COOKIE->len - COOKIE->pos - 1; /* Leave space for nul. */
+               if (count > bufsize) {
+                       count = bufsize;
+               }
+
+               p = COOKIE->buf + COOKIE->pos;
+               while (count) {
+                       *p++ = *buf++;
+                       --count;
+               }
+               *p = 0;
+       }
+
+       COOKIE->pos += bufsize;
+
+       return bufsize;
+}
+
+#undef COOKIE
+
+int vsnprintf(char *__restrict buf, size_t size,
+                         const char * __restrict format, va_list arg)
+{
+       FILE f;
+       __snpf_cookie cookie;
+       int rv;
+
+       cookie.buf = buf;
+       cookie.len = size;
+       cookie.pos = 0;
+       cookie.fp = &f;
+
+       f.cookie = &cookie;
+       f.gcs.write = snpf_write;
+       f.gcs.read = NULL;
+       f.gcs.seek = NULL;
+       f.gcs.close = NULL;
+
+       f.filedes = -1;                         /* For debugging. */
+       f.modeflags = (__FLAG_NARROW|__FLAG_WRITEONLY|__FLAG_WRITING);
+
+       rv = vfprintf(&f, format, arg);
+
+       return rv;
+}
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+#warning skipping vsnprintf since no buffering and no custom streams!
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_vdprintf
+int vdprintf(int filedes, const char * __restrict format, va_list arg)
+{
+       FILE f;
+       int rv;
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       char buf[64];                           /* TODO: provide _optional_ buffering? */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       f.bufgetc =
+#endif
+       f.bufrpos = f.bufwpos = f.bufstart = buf;
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+       f.bufputc = 
+#endif
+       f.bufend = buf + sizeof(buf);
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+       f.cookie = &(f.filedes);
+       f.gcs.read = _cs_read;
+       f.gcs.write = _cs_write;
+       f.gcs.seek = 0;                         /* The internal seek func handles normals. */
+       f.gcs.close = _cs_close;
+#endif
+       f.filedes = filedes;
+       f.modeflags = (__FLAG_NARROW|__FLAG_WRITEONLY|__FLAG_WRITING);
+
+       rv = vfprintf(&f, format, arg);
+
+       return fflush(&f) ? -1 : rv;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_vasprintf
+
+#if !defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) && !defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS)
+#warning skipping vasprintf since no buffering and no custom streams!
+#else
+
+int vasprintf(char **__restrict buf, const char * __restrict format,
+                        va_list arg)
+{
+       /* TODO -- change the default implementation? */
+#ifndef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+       /* This implementation actually calls the printf machinery twice, but only
+        * only does one malloc.  This can be a problem though when custom printf
+        * specs or the %m specifier are involved because the results of the
+        * second call might be different from the first. */
+
+       int rv = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, format, arg);
+
+       return (((rv >= 0) && ((*buf = malloc(++rv)) != NULL))
+                       ? vsnprintf(*buf, rv, format, arg)
+                       : -1);
+#else
+       FILE *f;
+       size_t size;
+       int rv;
+
+       /* TODO - do the memstream stuff inline here to avoid fclose and the openlist? */
+       if ((f = open_memstream(buf, &size)) == NULL) {
+               return -1;
+       }
+       rv = vfprintf(f, format, arg);
+       fclose(f);
+       if (rv < 0) {
+               free(*buf);
+               *buf = NULL;
+               return -1;
+       }
+       return rv;
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_vprintf
+int vprintf(const char * __restrict format, va_list arg)
+{
+       return vfprintf(stdout, format, arg);
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_vsprintf
+
+#if !defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) && !defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS)
+#warning skipping vsprintf since no buffering and no custom streams!
+#else
+
+int vsprintf(char *__restrict buf, const char * __restrict format,
+                        va_list arg)
+{
+       return vsnprintf(buf, SIZE_MAX, format, arg);
+}
+
+#endif
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fprintf
+int fprintf(FILE * __restrict stream, const char * __restrict format, ...)
+{
+       va_list arg;
+       int rv;
+
+       va_start(arg, format);
+       rv = vfprintf(stream, format, arg);
+       va_end(arg);
+
+       return rv;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_snprintf
+
+#if !defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) && !defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS)
+#warning skipping snprintf since no buffering and no custom streams!
+#else
+
+int snprintf(char *__restrict buf, size_t size,
+                        const char * __restrict format, ...)
+{
+       va_list arg;
+       int rv;
+
+       va_start(arg, format);
+       rv = vsnprintf(buf, size, format, arg);
+       va_end(arg);
+       return rv;
+}
+
+#endif
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_dprintf
+int dprintf(int filedes, const char * __restrict format, ...)
+{
+       va_list arg;
+       int rv;
+
+       va_start(arg, format);
+       rv = vdprintf(filedes, format, arg);
+       va_end(arg);
+
+       return rv;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_asprintf
+
+#if !defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) && !defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS)
+#warning skipping asprintf and __asprintf since no buffering and no custom streams!
+#else
+
+weak_alias(__asprintf,asprintf)
+
+int __asprintf(char **__restrict buf, const char * __restrict format, ...)
+{
+       va_list arg;
+       int rv;
+
+       va_start(arg, format);
+       rv = vasprintf(buf, format, arg);
+       va_end(arg);
+
+       return rv;
+}
+
+#endif
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_printf
+int printf(const char * __restrict format, ...)
+{
+       va_list arg;
+       int rv;
+
+       va_start(arg, format);
+       rv = vfprintf(stdout, format, arg);
+       va_end(arg);
+
+       return rv;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_sprintf
+
+#if !defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) && !defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS)
+#warning skipping sprintf since no buffering and no custom streams!
+#else
+
+int sprintf(char *__restrict buf, const char * __restrict format, ...)
+{
+       va_list arg;
+       int rv;
+
+       va_start(arg, format);
+       rv = vsnprintf(buf, SIZE_MAX, format, arg);
+       va_end(arg);
+
+       return rv;
+}
+
+#endif
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__dtostr
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Manuel Novoa III
+ *
+ * Function:  size_t _dtostr(FILE *fp, long double x, struct printf_info *info)
+ *
+ * This was written for uClibc to provide floating point support for
+ * the printf functions.  It handles +/- infinity and nan on i386.
+ *
+ * Notes:
+ *
+ * At most MAX_DIGITS significant digits are kept.  Any trailing digits
+ * are treated as 0 as they are really just the results of rounding noise
+ * anyway.  If you want to do better, use an arbitary precision arithmetic
+ * package.  ;-)
+ *
+ * It should also be fairly portable, as not assumptions are made about the
+ * bit-layout of doubles.
+ *
+ * It should be too difficult to convert this to handle long doubles on i386.
+ * For information, see the comments below.
+ *
+ * TODO: 
+ *   long double and/or float version?  (note: for float can trim code some).
+ *   
+ *   Decrease the size.  This is really much bigger than I'd like.
+ */
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* Don't change anything that follows unless you know what you're doing.     */
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * Configuration for the scaling power table.  Ignoring denormals, you
+ * should have 2**EXP_TABLE_SIZE >= LDBL_MAX_EXP >= 2**(EXP_TABLE_SIZE-1).
+ * The minimum for standard C is 6.  For IEEE 8bit doubles, 9 suffices.
+ * For long doubles on i386, use 13.
+ */
+#define EXP_TABLE_SIZE       13
+
+/* 
+ * Set this to the maximum number of digits you want converted.
+ * Conversion is done in blocks of DIGITS_PER_BLOCK (9 by default) digits.
+ * (20) 17 digits suffices to uniquely determine a (long) double on i386.
+ */
+#define MAX_DIGITS          20
+
+/*
+ * Set this to the smallest integer type capable of storing a pointer.
+ */
+#define INT_OR_PTR int
+
+/*
+ * This is really only used to check for infinities.  The macro produces
+ * smaller code for i386 and, since this is tested before any floating point
+ * calculations, it doesn't appear to suffer from the excess precision problem
+ * caused by the FPU that strtod had.  If it causes problems, call the function
+ * and compile zoicheck.c with -ffloat-store.
+ */
+#define _zero_or_inf_check(x) ( x == (x/4) )
+
+/*
+ * Fairly portable nan check.  Bitwise for i386 generated larger code.
+ * If you have a better version, comment this out.
+ */
+#define isnan(x) (x != x)
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* Don't change anything that follows peroid!!!  ;-)                         */
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#include <float.h>
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * Set things up for the scaling power table.
+ */
+
+#if EXP_TABLE_SIZE < 6
+#error EXP_TABLE_SIZE should be at least 6 to comply with standards
+#endif
+
+#define EXP_TABLE_MAX      (1U<<(EXP_TABLE_SIZE-1))
+
+/*
+ * Only bother checking if this is too small.
+ */
+
+#if LDBL_MAX_10_EXP/2 > EXP_TABLE_MAX
+#error larger EXP_TABLE_SIZE needed
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * With 32 bit ints, we can get 9 digits per block.
+ */
+#define DIGITS_PER_BLOCK     9
+
+#if UINT_MAX >= 4294967295UL
+#define DIGIT_BLOCK_TYPE     int
+#define DB_FMT               "%.*d"
+#elif LONG_MAX >= 4294967295UL
+#define DIGIT_BLOCK_TYPE     long
+#define DB_FMT               "%.*ld"
+#else
+#error need at least 32 bit longs
+#endif
+
+/* Maximum number of calls to fnprintf to output double. */
+#define MAX_CALLS 8
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#define NUM_DIGIT_BLOCKS   ((MAX_DIGITS+DIGITS_PER_BLOCK-1)/DIGITS_PER_BLOCK)
+
+/* extra space for '-', '.', 'e+###', and nul */
+#define BUF_SIZE  ( 3 + NUM_DIGIT_BLOCKS * DIGITS_PER_BLOCK )
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static const char *fmts[] = {
+       "%0*d", "%.*s", ".", "inf", "INF", "nan", "NAN", "%*s"
+};
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+size_t _dtostr(FILE * fp, long double x, struct printf_info *info)
+{
+       long double exp_table[EXP_TABLE_SIZE];
+       long double p10;
+       DIGIT_BLOCK_TYPE digit_block; /* int of at least 32 bits */
+       int i, j;
+       int round, o_exp;
+       int exp, exp_neg;
+       int width, preci;
+       char *s;
+       char *e;
+       char buf[BUF_SIZE];
+       INT_OR_PTR pc_fwi[2*MAX_CALLS];
+       INT_OR_PTR *ppc;
+       char exp_buf[8];
+       char drvr[8];
+       char *pdrvr;
+       int npc;
+       int cnt;
+       char sign_str[2];
+       char o_mode;
+       char mode;
+
+       /* check that INT_OR_PTR is sufficiently large */
+       assert( sizeof(INT_OR_PTR) == sizeof(char *) );
+
+       width = info->width;
+       preci = info->prec;
+       mode = info->spec;
+       if (mode == 'a') {
+               mode = 'g';                     /* TODO -- fix */
+       }
+       if (mode == 'A') {
+               mode = 'G';                     /* TODO -- fix */
+       }
+
+       if (preci < 0) {
+               preci = 6;
+       }
+
+       *sign_str = '\0';
+       if (PRINT_INFO_FLAG_VAL(info,showsign)) {
+               *sign_str = '+';
+       } else if (PRINT_INFO_FLAG_VAL(info,space)) {
+               *sign_str = ' ';
+       }
+/*     *sign_str = flag[FLAG_PLUS]; */
+       *(sign_str+1) = 0;
+       if (isnan(x)) {                         /* nan check */
+               pdrvr = drvr + 1;
+               *pdrvr++ = 5 + (mode < 'a');
+               pc_fwi[2] = 3;
+               info->pad = ' ';
+/*             flag[FLAG_0_PAD] = 0; */
+               goto EXIT_SPECIAL;
+       }
+
+       if (x == 0) {                           /* handle 0 now to avoid false positive */
+               exp = -1;
+               goto GENERATE_DIGITS;
+       }
+
+       if (x < 0) {                            /* convert negatives to positives */
+               *sign_str = '-';
+               x = -x;
+       }
+
+       if (_zero_or_inf_check(x)) { /* must be inf since zero handled above */
+               pdrvr = drvr + 1;
+               *pdrvr++ = 3 +  + (mode < 'a');
+               pc_fwi[2] = 3;
+               info->pad = ' ';
+/*             flag[FLAG_0_PAD] = 0; */
+               goto EXIT_SPECIAL;
+       }
+
+       /* need to build the scaling table */
+       for (i = 0, p10 = 10 ; i < EXP_TABLE_SIZE ; i++) {
+               exp_table[i] = p10;
+               p10 *= p10;
+       }
+
+       exp_neg = 0;
+       if (x < 1e8) {                          /* do we need to scale up or down? */
+               exp_neg = 1;
+       }
+
+       exp = DIGITS_PER_BLOCK - 1;
+
+       i = EXP_TABLE_SIZE;
+       j = EXP_TABLE_MAX;
+       while ( i-- ) {                         /* scale x such that 1e8 <= x < 1e9 */
+               if (exp_neg) {
+                       if (x * exp_table[i] < 1e9) {
+                               x *= exp_table[i];
+                               exp -= j;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       if (x / exp_table[i] >= 1e8) {
+                               x /= exp_table[i];
+                               exp += j;
+                       }
+               }
+               j >>= 1;
+       }
+       if (x >= 1e9) {                         /* handle bad rounding case */
+               x /= 10;
+               ++exp;
+       }
+       assert(x < 1e9);
+
+ GENERATE_DIGITS:
+       s = buf + 2; /* leave space for '\0' and '0' */
+#if 1
+#define ONE_E_NINE 1000000000L
+#else
+#define ONE_E_NINE 1e9
+#endif   
+       for (i = 0 ; i < NUM_DIGIT_BLOCKS ; ++i ) {
+               digit_block = (DIGIT_BLOCK_TYPE) x;
+               x = (x - digit_block) * ONE_E_NINE;
+               s += sprintf(s, DB_FMT, DIGITS_PER_BLOCK, digit_block);
+       }
+
+       /*************************************************************************/
+
+       *exp_buf = 'e';
+       if (mode < 'a') {
+               *exp_buf = 'E';
+               mode += ('a' - 'A');
+       } 
+
+       o_mode = mode;
+
+       round = preci;
+
+       if ((mode == 'g') && (round > 0)){
+               --round;
+       }
+
+       if (mode == 'f') {
+               round += exp;
+       }
+
+       s = buf;
+       *s++ = 0;                                       /* terminator for rounding and 0-triming */
+       *s = '0';                                       /* space to round */
+
+       i = 0;
+       e = s + MAX_DIGITS + 1;
+       if (round < MAX_DIGITS) {
+               e = s + round + 2;
+               if (*e >= '5') {
+                       i = 1;
+               }
+       }
+
+       do {                                            /* handle rounding and trim trailing 0s */
+               *--e += i;                              /* add the carry */
+       } while ((*e == '0') || (*e > '9'));
+
+       o_exp = exp;
+       if (e <= s) {                           /* we carried into extra digit */
+               ++o_exp;
+               e = s;                                  /* needed if all 0s */
+       } else {
+               ++s;
+       }
+       *++e = 0;                                       /* ending nul char */
+
+       if ((mode == 'g') && ((o_exp >= -4) && (o_exp <= round))) {
+               mode = 'f';
+       }
+
+       exp = o_exp;
+       if (mode != 'f') {
+               o_exp = 0;
+       }
+
+       if (o_exp < 0) {
+               *--s = '0';                             /* fake the first digit */
+       }
+
+       pdrvr = drvr+1;
+       ppc = pc_fwi+2;
+
+       *pdrvr++ = 0;
+       *ppc++ = 1;
+       *ppc++ = (INT_OR_PTR)(*s++ - '0');
+
+       i = e - s;                                      /* total digits */
+       if (o_exp >= 0) {
+               if (o_exp >= i) {               /* all digit(s) left of decimal */
+                       *pdrvr++ = 1;
+                       *ppc++ = i;
+                       *ppc++ = (INT_OR_PTR)(s);
+                       o_exp -= i;
+                       i = 0;
+                       if (o_exp>0) {          /* have 0s left of decimal */
+                               *pdrvr++ = 0;
+                               *ppc++ = o_exp;
+                               *ppc++ = 0;
+                       }
+               } else if (o_exp > 0) { /* decimal between digits */
+                       *pdrvr++ = 1;
+                       *ppc++ = o_exp;
+                       *ppc++ = (INT_OR_PTR)(s);
+                       s += o_exp;
+                       i -= o_exp;
+               }
+               o_exp = -1;
+       }
+
+       if (PRINT_INFO_FLAG_VAL(info,alt)
+/*             flag[FLAG_HASH] */
+               || (i) || ((o_mode != 'g') && (preci > 0))) {
+               *pdrvr++ = 2;                   /* need decimal */
+               *ppc++ = 1;                             /* needed for width calc */
+               ppc++;
+       }
+
+       if (++o_exp < 0) {                      /* have 0s right of decimal */
+               *pdrvr++ = 0;
+               *ppc++ = -o_exp;
+               *ppc++ = 0;
+       }
+       if (i) {                                        /* have digit(s) right of decimal */
+               *pdrvr++ = 1;
+               *ppc++ = i;
+               *ppc++ = (INT_OR_PTR)(s);
+       }
+
+       if (o_mode != 'g') {
+               i -= o_exp;
+               if (i < preci) {                /* have 0s right of digits */
+                       i = preci - i;
+                       *pdrvr++ = 0;
+                       *ppc++ = i;
+                       *ppc++ = 0;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* build exponent string */
+       if (mode != 'f') {
+               *pdrvr++ = 1;
+               *ppc++ = sprintf(exp_buf,"%c%+.2d", *exp_buf, exp);
+               *ppc++ = (INT_OR_PTR) exp_buf;
+       }
+
+ EXIT_SPECIAL:
+       npc = pdrvr - drvr;
+       ppc = pc_fwi + 2;
+       for (i=1 ; i< npc ; i++) {
+               width -= *(ppc++);
+               ppc++;
+       }
+       i = 0;
+       if (*sign_str) {
+               i = 1;
+       }
+       width -= i;
+       if (width <= 0) {
+               width = 0;
+       } else {
+               if (PRINT_INFO_FLAG_VAL(info,left)) { /* padding on right */
+/*                     flag[FLAG_MINUS_LJUSTIFY] */
+                       ++npc;
+                       *pdrvr++ = 7;
+                       *ppc = width;
+                       *++ppc = (INT_OR_PTR)("");
+                       width = 0;
+               } else if (info->pad == '0') { /* 0 padding */
+/*                     (flag[FLAG_0_PAD] == '0') */
+                       pc_fwi[2] += width;
+                       width = 0;
+               }
+       }
+       *drvr = 7;
+       ppc = pc_fwi;
+       *ppc++ = width + i;
+       *ppc = (INT_OR_PTR) sign_str;
+
+       pdrvr = drvr;
+       ppc = pc_fwi;
+       cnt = 0;
+       for (i=0 ; i<npc ; i++) {
+#if 1
+               fprintf(fp, fmts[(int)(*pdrvr++)], (INT_OR_PTR)(*(ppc)), 
+                                (INT_OR_PTR)(*(ppc+1)));
+#else
+               j = fprintf(fp, fmts[(int)(*pdrvr++)], (INT_OR_PTR)(*(ppc)), 
+                                         (INT_OR_PTR)(*(ppc+1)));
+               assert(j == *ppc);
+#endif
+/*             if (size > *ppc) { */
+/*                     size -= *ppc; */
+/*             } */
+               cnt += *ppc;                    /* to avoid problems if j == -1 */
+               ppc += 2;
+       }
+
+       return cnt;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__store_inttype
+/* TODO -- right now, assumes intmax_t is either long or long long */
+
+/* We assume int may be short or long, but short and long are different. */
+
+void _store_inttype(register void *dest, int desttype, uintmax_t val)
+{
+       if (desttype == __PA_FLAG_CHAR) { /* assume char not int */
+               *((unsigned char *) dest) = val;
+               return;
+       }
+#if defined(LLONG_MAX) && (LONG_MAX != LLONG_MAX)
+       if (desttype == PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG) {
+               *((unsigned long long int *) dest) = val;
+               return;
+       }
+#endif /* LLONG_MAX */
+#if SHRT_MAX != INT_MAX
+       if (desttype == PA_FLAG_SHORT) {
+               *((unsigned short int *) dest) = val;
+               return;
+       }
+#endif /* SHRT_MAX */
+#if LONG_MAX != INT_MAX
+       if (desttype == PA_FLAG_LONG) {
+               *((unsigned long int *) dest) = val;
+               return;
+       }
+#endif /* LONG_MAX */
+
+       *((unsigned int *) dest) = val;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__load_inttype
+
+extern uintmax_t _load_inttype(int desttype, const void *src, int uflag)
+{
+       if (uflag >= 0) {                       /* unsigned */
+#if LONG_MAX != INT_MAX
+               if (desttype & (PA_FLAG_LONG|PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG)) {
+#ifdef LLONG_MAX
+                       if (desttype == PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG) {
+                               return *((unsigned long long int *) src);
+                       }
+#endif
+                       return *((unsigned long int *) src);
+               }
+#else  /* LONG_MAX != INT_MAX */
+#ifdef LLONG_MAX
+               if (desttype & PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG) {
+                       return *((unsigned long long int *) src);
+               }
+#endif
+#endif /* LONG_MAX != INT_MAX */
+               {
+                       unsigned int x;
+                       x = *((unsigned int *) src);
+                       if (desttype == __PA_FLAG_CHAR) x = (unsigned char) x;
+#if SHRT_MAX != INT_MAX
+                       if (desttype == PA_FLAG_SHORT) x = (unsigned short int) x;
+#endif
+                       return x;
+               }
+       } else {                                        /* signed */
+#if LONG_MAX != INT_MAX
+               if (desttype & (PA_FLAG_LONG|PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG)) {
+#ifdef LLONG_MAX
+                       if (destsize == PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG) {
+                               return *((long long int *) src);
+                       }
+#endif
+                       return *((long int *) src);
+               }
+#else  /* LONG_MAX != INT_MAX */
+#ifdef LLONG_MAX
+               if (desttype & PA_FLAG_LONG_LONG) {
+                       return *((long long int *) src);
+               }
+#endif
+#endif /* LONG_MAX != INT_MAX */
+               {
+                       int x;
+                       x = *((int *) src);
+                       if (desttype == __PA_FLAG_CHAR) x = (char) x;
+#if SHRT_MAX != INT_MAX
+                       if (desttype == PA_FLAG_SHORT) x = (short int) x;
+#endif
+                       return x;
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
diff --git a/libc/stdio/stdio.c b/libc/stdio/stdio.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..01e0e35
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,3171 @@
+/*  Copyright (C) 2002     Manuel Novoa III
+ *  My stdio library for linux and (soon) elks.
+ *
+ *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
+ *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ *  version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ *  Library General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
+ *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free
+ *  Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+ */
+
+/*  ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!
+ *
+ *  This code is currently under development.  Also, I plan to port
+ *  it to elks which is a 16-bit environment with a fairly limited
+ *  compiler.  Therefore, please refrain from modifying this code
+ *  and, instead, pass any bug-fixes, etc. to me.  Thanks.  Manuel
+ *
+ *  ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION!   ATTENTION! */
+
+#define _ISOC99_SOURCE                 /* for ULLONG primarily... */
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#define _STDIO_UTILITY                 /* for _stdio_fdout and _uintmaxtostr. */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio_ext.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* First deal with some build issues... */
+
+#ifndef __STDIO_THREADSAFE
+/* Just build empty object files if any of these were defined. */
+/* Note though that we do keep the various *_unlocked names as aliases. */
+#undef L___fsetlocking
+#undef L___flockfile
+#undef L___ftrylockfile
+#undef L___funlockfile
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __STDIO_LARGE_FILES
+/* Just build empty object files if any of these were defined. */
+#undef L_fopen64
+#undef L_freopen64
+#undef L_ftello64
+#undef L_fseeko64
+#undef L_fsetpos64
+#undef L_fgetpos64
+#endif
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+/* TODO -- make this the default except for bcc with it's broken preproc? */
+#ifdef __UCLIBC__
+#define _stdin stdin
+#define _stdout stdout
+#define _stderr stderr
+#endif /* __UCLIBC__ */
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef __STDIO_THREADSAFE
+
+#define UNLOCKED_STREAM(RETURNTYPE,NAME,PARAMS,ARGS,STREAM) \
+strong_alias(NAME,NAME##_unlocked) \
+RETURNTYPE NAME PARAMS
+
+#define UNLOCKED(RETURNTYPE,NAME,PARAMS,ARGS) \
+       UNLOCKED_STREAM(RETURNTYPE,NAME,PARAMS,ARGS,stream)
+
+#define UNLOCKED_VOID_RETURN(NAME,PARAMS,ARGS) \
+strong_alias(NAME,NAME##_unlocked) \
+void NAME PARAMS
+
+#define __STDIO_THREADLOCK_OPENLIST
+#define __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK_OPENLIST
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_THREADSAFE */
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#define UNLOCKED_STREAM(RETURNTYPE,NAME,PARAMS,ARGS,STREAM) \
+RETURNTYPE NAME PARAMS \
+{ \
+       RETURNTYPE retval; \
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(STREAM); \
+       retval = NAME##_unlocked ARGS ; \
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(STREAM); \
+       return retval; \
+} \
+RETURNTYPE NAME##_unlocked PARAMS
+
+#define UNLOCKED(RETURNTYPE,NAME,PARAMS,ARGS) \
+       UNLOCKED_STREAM(RETURNTYPE,NAME,PARAMS,ARGS,stream)
+
+#define UNLOCKED_VOID_RETURN(NAME,PARAMS,ARGS) \
+void NAME PARAMS \
+{ \
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream); \
+       NAME##_unlocked ARGS ; \
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream); \
+} \
+void NAME##_unlocked PARAMS
+
+#define __STDIO_THREADLOCK_OPENLIST \
+       pthread_mutex_lock(&_stdio_openlist_lock)
+
+#define __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK_OPENLIST \
+       pthread_mutex_unlock(&_stdio_openlist_lock)
+
+#define __STDIO_THREADTRYLOCK_OPENLIST \
+       pthread_mutex_trylock(&_stdio_openlist_lock)
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_THREADSAFE */
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_UNGOT                { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 },
+#else
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_UNGOT                { 0, 0 },
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_BUFGETC(x) x,
+#else
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_BUFGETC(x)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_BUFPUTC(x) x,
+#else
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_BUFPUTC(x)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS)
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_NEXT(next)   (next),
+#else  /* defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS) */
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_NEXT(next)
+#endif /* defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS) */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_BUFFERS(buf,bufsize) \
+       (buf), (buf)+(bufsize), (buf), (buf),
+#else
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_BUFFERS(buf,bufsize)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_CUSTOM_STREAM(stream) \
+       &((stream).filedes), { _cs_read, _cs_write, NULL, _cs_close },
+#else
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_CUSTOM_STREAM(stream)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_THREADSAFE
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_THREADSAFE \
+       0, PTHREAD_RECURSIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP,
+#else
+#define __STDIO_FILE_INIT_THREADSAFE
+#endif
+
+#define __STDIO_INIT_FILE_STRUCT(stream, flags, filedes, next, buf, bufsize) \
+       { (flags), \
+       __STDIO_FILE_INIT_UNGOT \
+       (filedes), \
+       __STDIO_FILE_INIT_NEXT(next) \
+       __STDIO_FILE_INIT_BUFFERS(buf,bufsize) \
+       __STDIO_FILE_INIT_BUFGETC((buf)) \
+       __STDIO_FILE_INIT_BUFPUTC((buf)) \
+       __STDIO_FILE_INIT_CUSTOM_STREAM(stream) \
+       __STDIO_FILE_INIT_THREADSAFE \
+} /* TODO: mbstate and builtin buf */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_MBSTATE_DATA
+extern void _init_mbstate(mbstate_t *dest);
+
+#define __COMMA_CLEAN_MBSTATE        , 0
+#define __COPY_MBSTATE(dest,src)  memcpy(dest, src, sizeof(mbstate_t))
+#define __INIT_MBSTATE(dest) _init_mbstate(dest)
+#else
+#define __COMMA_CLEAN_MBSTATE
+#define __COPY_MBSTATE(dest,src)
+#define __INIT_MBSTATE(dest)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+
+/* TODO -- what does glibc do for undefined funcs?  errno set? */
+#define __READ(STREAMPTR,BUF,SIZE) \
+       ((((STREAMPTR)->gcs.read) == NULL) ? -1 : \
+       (((STREAMPTR)->gcs.read)((STREAMPTR)->cookie,(BUF),(SIZE))))
+#define __WRITE(STREAMPTR,BUF,SIZE) \
+       ((((STREAMPTR)->gcs.write) == NULL) ? -1 : \
+       (((STREAMPTR)->gcs.write)((STREAMPTR)->cookie,(BUF),(SIZE))))
+#define __CLOSE(STREAMPTR) \
+       ((((STREAMPTR)->gcs.close) == NULL) ? 0 : \
+       (((STREAMPTR)->gcs.close)((STREAMPTR)->cookie)))
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+
+#define __READ(STREAMPTR,BUF,SIZE) \
+       (read((STREAMPTR)->filedes,(BUF),(SIZE)))
+#define __WRITE(STREAMPTR,BUF,SIZE) \
+       (write((STREAMPTR)->filedes,(BUF),(SIZE)))
+#define __CLOSE(STREAMPTR) \
+       (close((STREAMPTR)->filedes))
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* POSIX functions */
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_getw
+
+/* SUSv2 Legacy function -- need not be reentrant. */
+
+int getw (register FILE *stream)
+{
+       int aw[1];
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+
+       return (fread((void *)aw, sizeof(int), 1, stream) > 0) ? (*aw) : EOF;
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+
+       return (_stdio_fread((unsigned char *)(aw), sizeof(int), stream)
+                       == sizeof(int)) ? (*aw) : EOF;
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_putw
+
+/* SUSv2 Legacy function -- need not be reentrant. */
+
+int putw (int w, register FILE *stream)
+{
+       int aw[1];
+
+       *aw = w;                                        /* In case 'w' is in a register... */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+
+       return (fwrite((void *)aw, sizeof(int), 1, stream) == 1) ? 0 : EOF;
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+
+       return (_stdio_fwrite((unsigned char *)aw, sizeof(int), stream)
+                       == sizeof(int)) ? 0 : EOF;
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fileno
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(int,fileno,(register FILE *stream),(stream))
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+       return ( ((stream->cookie == &(stream->filedes)) && (stream->filedes >= 0))
+                        ? stream->filedes
+                        : (__set_errno(EBADF), -1) );
+#else  /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+       return (stream->filedes >= 0) ? stream->filedes : (__set_errno(EBADF), -1);
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fdopen
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+FILE *fdopen(int filedes, const char *mode)
+{
+       register char *cur_mode;        /* TODO -- replace by intptr_t?? */
+
+       return (((int)(cur_mode = (char *) fcntl(filedes, F_GETFL))) != -1)
+               ? _stdio_fopen(cur_mode, mode, NULL, filedes) 
+               : NULL;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fopen64
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+FILE *fopen64(const char * __restrict filename, const char * __restrict mode)
+{
+       return _stdio_fopen(filename, mode, NULL, -2);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* BSD functions */
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_setbuffer
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+void setbuffer(FILE * __restrict stream, register char * __restrict buf,
+                          size_t size)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       setvbuf(stream, buf, (buf ? _IOFBF : _IONBF), size);
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       /* Nothing to do. */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_setlinebuf
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+void setlinebuf(FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       setvbuf(stream, NULL, _IOLBF, (size_t) BUFSIZ);
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       /* Nothing to do. */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* GLIBC functions */
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fcloseall
+
+/* NOTE: GLIBC difference!!! -- fcloseall
+ * According to the info pages, glibc actually fclose()s all open files.
+ * Apparently, glibc's new version only fflush()s and unbuffers all
+ * writing streams to cope with unordered destruction of c++ static
+ * objects.  Here we implement the old behavior as default.
+ */
+
+/* Not reentrant. */
+
+int fcloseall (void)
+{
+#if defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS)
+       register FILE *stream;
+       int rv;
+
+       _stdio_term();                          /* Let _stdio_term() do all the work. */
+
+       rv = 0;
+       for (stream = _stdio_openlist ; stream ; stream = stream->nextopen) {
+               if (stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_WRITING|__FLAG_ERROR)) {
+                       /* TODO -- is this correct?  Maybe ferror set before flush...
+                       * could check if pending writable but what if term unbuffers?
+                       * in that case, could clear error flag... */
+                       rv = EOF;                       /* Only care about failed writes. */
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Make sure _stdio_term() does nothing on exit. */
+       _stdio_openlist = NULL;
+
+       return rv;
+#else  /* defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS) */
+
+       return 0;
+
+#endif /* defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS) */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fmemopen
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+
+typedef struct {
+       size_t pos;
+       size_t len;
+       size_t eof;
+       int dynbuf;
+       unsigned char *buf;
+       FILE *fp;
+} __fmo_cookie;
+
+#define COOKIE ((__fmo_cookie *) cookie)
+
+static ssize_t fmo_read(void *cookie, register char *buf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+       size_t count = COOKIE->len - COOKIE->pos;
+
+       /* Note: bufsize < SSIZE_MAX because of _stdio_READ. */
+
+       if (bufsize > count) {
+               bufsize = count;
+       }
+
+#if 1                                                  /* TODO - choose code option */
+       memcpy(buf, COOKIE->buf + COOKIE->pos, bufsize);
+       COOKIE->pos += bufsize;
+#else
+       {
+               register char *p = COOKIE->buf + COOKIE->pos;
+
+               count = bufsize;
+               while (count) {
+                       *buf++ = *p++;
+                       --count;
+               }
+               COOKIE->pos += bufsize;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       return bufsize;
+}
+
+static ssize_t fmo_write(void *cookie, register const char *buf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+       size_t count;
+
+       /* Note: bufsize < SSIZE_MAX because of _stdio_WRITE. */
+
+       /* If appending, need to seek to end of file!!!! */
+       if (COOKIE->fp->modeflags & __FLAG_APPEND) {
+               COOKIE->pos = COOKIE->eof;
+       }
+
+       count = COOKIE->len - COOKIE->pos;
+
+       if (bufsize > count) {
+               bufsize = count;
+               if (count == 0) {               /* We're at the end of the buffer... */
+                       errno = EFBIG;
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
+
+#if 1                                                  /* TODO - choose code option */
+       memcpy(COOKIE->buf + COOKIE->pos, buf, bufsize);
+       COOKIE->pos += bufsize;
+
+       if (COOKIE->pos > COOKIE->eof) {
+               COOKIE->eof = COOKIE->pos;
+               if (bufsize < count) {  /* New eof and still room in buffer? */
+                       *(COOKIE->buf + COOKIE->pos) = 0;
+               }
+       }
+
+#else
+       {
+               register char *p = COOKIE->buf + COOKIE->pos;
+               size_t i = bufsize;
+
+               while (i > 0) {
+                       *p++ = *buf++;
+                       --i;
+               }
+               COOKIE->pos += bufsize;
+
+               if (COOKIE->pos > COOKIE->eof) {
+                       COOKIE->eof = COOKIE->pos;
+                       if (bufsize < count) {  /* New eof and still room in buffer? */
+                               *p = 0;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+#endif
+
+       return bufsize;
+}
+
+/* glibc doesn't allow seeking, but it has in-buffer seeks... we don't. */
+static int fmo_seek(void *cookie, __offmax_t *pos, int whence)
+{
+       __offmax_t p = *pos;
+
+       /* Note: fseek already checks that whence is legal, so don't check here
+        * unless debugging. */
+       assert(((unsigned int) whence) <= 2);
+
+       if (whence != SEEK_SET) {
+               p += (whence == SEEK_CUR) ? COOKIE->pos : /* SEEK_END */ COOKIE->eof;
+       }
+
+       /* Note: glibc only allows seeking in the buffer.  We'll actually restrict
+        * to the data. */
+       /* Check for offset < 0, offset > eof, or offset overflow... */
+       if (((uintmax_t) p) > COOKIE->eof) {
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       COOKIE->pos = *pos = p;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int fmo_close(void *cookie)
+{
+       if (COOKIE->dynbuf) {
+               free(COOKIE->buf);
+       }
+       free(cookie);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#undef COOKIE
+
+static const cookie_io_functions_t _fmo_io_funcs = {
+       fmo_read, fmo_write, fmo_seek, fmo_close
+};
+
+/* TODO: If we have buffers enabled, it might be worthwile to add a pointer
+ * to the FILE in the cookie and have read, write, and seek operate directly
+ * on the buffer itself (ie replace the FILE buffer with the cookie buffer
+ * and update FILE bufstart, etc. whenever we seek). */
+
+FILE *fmemopen(void *s, size_t len, const char *modes)
+{
+       FILE *fp;
+       __fmo_cookie *cookie;
+       size_t i;
+
+       if ((cookie = malloc(sizeof(__fmo_cookie))) != NULL) {
+               cookie->len = len;
+               cookie->eof = cookie->pos = 0; /* pos and eof adjusted below. */
+               cookie->dynbuf = 0;
+               if (((cookie->buf = s) == NULL) && (len > 0)) {
+                       if ((cookie->buf = malloc(len)) == NULL) {
+                               goto EXIT_cookie;
+                       }
+                       cookie->dynbuf = 1;
+                       *cookie->buf = 0;       /* If we're appending, treat as empty file. */
+               }
+               
+#ifndef __BCC__
+               fp = fopencookie(cookie, modes, _fmo_io_funcs);
+#else
+               fp = fopencookie(cookie, modes, &_fmo_io_funcs);
+#endif
+               /* Note: We don't need to worry about locking fp in the thread case
+                * as the only possible access would be a close or flush with
+                * nothing currently in the FILE's write buffer. */
+
+               if (fp != NULL) {
+                       cookie->fp = fp;
+                       if ((fp->modeflags & __FLAG_APPEND) && (len > 0)) {
+                               for (i = 0 ; i < len ; i++) {
+                                       if (cookie->buf[i] == 0) {
+                                               break;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               cookie->eof = cookie->pos = i; /* Adjust eof and pos. */
+                       }
+                       return fp;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (!s) {
+               free(cookie->buf);
+       }
+ EXIT_cookie:
+       free(cookie);
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_open_memstream
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+
+#define COOKIE ((__oms_cookie *) cookie)
+
+typedef struct {
+       char *buf;
+       size_t len;
+       size_t pos;
+       size_t eof;
+       char **bufloc;
+       size_t *sizeloc;
+} __oms_cookie;
+
+/* Nothing to do here, as memstreams are write-only. */
+/*  static ssize_t oms_read(void *cookie, char *buf, size_t bufsize) */
+/*  { */
+/*  } */
+
+static ssize_t oms_write(void *cookie, const char *buf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+       char *newbuf;
+       size_t count;
+
+       /* Note: we already know bufsize < SSIZE_MAX... */
+
+       count = COOKIE->len - COOKIE->pos - 1;
+       assert(COOKIE->pos < COOKIE->len); /* Always nul-terminate! */
+
+       if (bufsize > count) {
+               newbuf = realloc(COOKIE->buf, COOKIE->len + bufsize - count);
+               if (newbuf) {
+                       *COOKIE->bufloc = COOKIE->buf = newbuf;
+                       COOKIE->len += (bufsize - count);
+               } else {
+                       bufsize = count;
+                       if (count == 0) {
+                               errno = EFBIG;  /* TODO: check glibc errno setting... */
+                               return -1;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       memcpy(COOKIE->buf + COOKIE->pos, buf, bufsize);
+       COOKIE->pos += bufsize;
+
+       if (COOKIE->pos > COOKIE->eof) {
+               *COOKIE->sizeloc = COOKIE->eof = COOKIE->pos;
+       }
+
+       return bufsize;
+}
+
+static int oms_seek(void *cookie, __offmax_t *pos, int whence)
+{
+       __offmax_t p = *pos;
+       char *buf;
+       size_t leastlen;
+
+       /* Note: fseek already checks that whence is legal, so don't check here
+        * unless debugging. */
+       assert(((unsigned int) whence) <= 2);
+
+       if (whence != SEEK_SET) {
+               p += (whence == SEEK_CUR) ? COOKIE->pos : /* SEEK_END */ COOKIE->eof;
+       }
+
+       /* Note: glibc only allows seeking in the buffer.  We'll actually restrict
+        * to the data. */
+       /* Check for offset < 0, offset >= too big (need nul), or overflow... */
+       if (((uintmax_t) p) >= SIZE_MAX - 1) {
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       leastlen = ((size_t) p) + 1; /* New pos + 1 for nul if necessary. */
+
+       if (leastlen >= COOKIE->len) { /* Need to grow buffer... */
+               buf = realloc(COOKIE->buf, leastlen);
+               if (buf) {
+                       *COOKIE->bufloc = COOKIE->buf = buf;
+                       COOKIE->len = leastlen;
+                       memset(buf + COOKIE->eof, leastlen - COOKIE->eof, 0); /* 0-fill */
+               } else {
+                       /* TODO: check glibc errno setting... */
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
+
+       *pos = COOKIE->pos = --leastlen;
+
+       if (leastlen > COOKIE->eof) {
+               memset(COOKIE->buf + COOKIE->eof, leastlen - COOKIE->eof, 0);
+               *COOKIE->sizeloc = COOKIE->eof;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int oms_close(void *cookie)
+{
+       free(cookie);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#undef COOKIE
+
+static const cookie_io_functions_t _oms_io_funcs = {
+       NULL, oms_write, oms_seek, oms_close
+};
+
+/* TODO: If we have buffers enabled, it might be worthwile to add a pointer
+ * to the FILE in the cookie and operate directly on the buffer itself
+ * (ie replace the FILE buffer with the cookie buffer and update FILE bufstart,
+ * etc. whenever we seek). */
+
+FILE *open_memstream(char **__restrict bufloc, size_t *__restrict sizeloc)
+{
+       __oms_cookie *cookie;
+       FILE *fp;
+
+       if ((cookie = malloc(sizeof(__oms_cookie))) != NULL) {
+               if ((cookie->buf = malloc(cookie->len = BUFSIZ)) == NULL) {
+                       goto EXIT_cookie;
+               }
+               *cookie->buf = 0;               /* Set nul terminator for buffer. */
+               *(cookie->bufloc = bufloc) = cookie->buf;
+               *(cookie->sizeloc = sizeloc) = cookie->eof = cookie->pos = 0;
+               
+#ifndef __BCC__
+               fp = fopencookie(cookie, "w", _oms_io_funcs);
+#else
+               fp = fopencookie(cookie, "w", &_oms_io_funcs);
+#endif
+               /* Note: We don't need to worry about locking fp in the thread case
+                * as the only possible access would be a close or flush with
+                * nothing currently in the FILE's write buffer. */
+
+               if (fp != NULL) {
+                       return fp;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (cookie->buf != NULL) {
+               free(cookie->buf);
+       }
+ EXIT_cookie:
+       free(cookie);
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fopencookie
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+
+/* NOTE: GLIBC difference!!! -- fopencookie
+ * According to the info pages, glibc allows seeking within buffers even if
+ * no seek function is supplied.  We don't. */
+
+/* NOTE: GLIBC difference!!! -- fopencookie
+ * When compiled without large file support, the offset pointer for the
+ * cookie_seek function is off_t * and not off64_t * as for glibc. */
+
+/* TODO: rewrite _stdio_fopen() to avoid the fopencookie() kludge. */
+
+/* Currently no real reentrancy issues other than a possible double close(). */
+
+#ifndef __BCC__
+
+FILE *fopencookie (void * __restrict cookie, const char * __restrict mode,
+                                       cookie_io_functions_t io_functions)
+{
+       FILE *stream;
+       int fd;
+
+       if ((stream = _stdio_fopen("/dev/null", mode, NULL, -1)) != NULL) {
+               fd = stream->filedes;
+               stream->filedes = -1;
+               close(fd);
+               stream->gcs = io_functions;
+               stream->cookie = cookie;
+       }
+
+#if !defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) && !defined(__STDIO_THREADSAFE)
+       /* I we don't have buffers or threads, we only need to worry about
+        * custom streams on the open list, as no flushing is necessary and
+        * no locking of possible underlying normal streams need be done.
+        * We do need to explicitly close custom streams on termination of stdio,
+        * and we need to lock the list as it can be modified by fclose(). */
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK_OPENLIST;
+       stream->nextopen = _stdio_openlist;     /* New files are inserted at */
+       _stdio_openlist = stream;                       /*   the head of the list. */
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK_OPENLIST;
+#endif /* !defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) && !defined(__STDIO_THREADSAFE) */
+
+       return stream;
+}
+
+#else  /* __BCC__ */
+
+/* NOTE: GLIBC difference!!! -- fopencookie (bcc only)
+ * Since bcc doesn't support passing of structs, we define fopencookie as a
+ * macro in terms of _fopencookie which takes a struct * for the io functions
+ * instead.
+ */
+
+FILE *_fopencookie (void * __restrict cookie, const char * __restrict mode,
+                                       cookie_io_functions_t *io_functions)
+{
+       FILE *stream;
+
+       if ((stream = _stdio_fopen("/dev/null", mode, NULL, -1)) != NULL) {
+               int fd = stream->filedes;
+               stream->filedes = -1;
+               close(fd);
+               stream->gcs.read  = io_functions->read;
+               stream->gcs.write = io_functions->write;
+               stream->gcs.seek  = io_functions->seek;
+               stream->gcs.close = io_functions->close;
+               stream->cookie = cookie;
+       }
+
+#if !defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) && !defined(__STDIO_THREADSAFE)
+       /* I we don't have buffers or threads, we only need to worry about
+        * custom streams on the open list, as no flushing is necessary and
+        * no locking of possible underlying normal streams need be done.
+        * We do need to explicitly close custom streams on termination of stdio,
+        * and we need to lock the list as it can be modified by fclose(). */
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK_OPENLIST;
+       stream->nextopen = _stdio_openlist;     /* New files are inserted at */
+       _stdio_openlist = stream;                       /*   the head of the list. */
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK_OPENLIST;
+#endif /* !defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) && !defined(__STDIO_THREADSAFE) */
+
+       return stream;
+}
+
+#endif  /* __BCC__ */
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L___fbufsize
+
+/* Not reentrant. */
+
+size_t __fbufsize(register FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       return (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_NBF)
+               ? 0 : (stream->bufend - stream->bufstart);
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       return 0;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L___freading
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+int __freading(FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+       return stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_READING|__FLAG_READONLY);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L___fwriting
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+int __fwriting(FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+       return stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_WRITING|__FLAG_WRITEONLY);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L___freadable
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+int __freadable(FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+       return ~(stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WRITEONLY);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L___fwritable
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+int __fwritable(FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+       return ~(stream->modeflags & __FLAG_READONLY);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L___flbf
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+int __flbf(FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       return (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_LBF);
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       /* TODO -- Even though there is no buffer, return flag setting? */
+       return __FLAG_NBF;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L___fpurge
+
+/* Not reentrant. */
+
+void __fpurge(register FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+       stream->bufputc =                       /* Must disable putc. */
+#endif /* __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO */
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       stream->bufgetc =                       /* Must disable getc. */
+#endif
+       stream->bufwpos = stream->bufrpos = stream->bufstart; /* Reset pointers. */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       /* Reset r/w flags and clear ungots. */
+       stream->modeflags &= ~(__FLAG_READING|__FLAG_WRITING|__MASK_UNGOT);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L___fpending
+
+/* Not reentrant. */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+#warning TODO  -- implement __fpending for wide streams! */
+#else  /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+size_t __fpending(register FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       /* TODO -- should we check this?  should we set errno?  just assert? */
+       return (stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_READING|__FLAG_READONLY))
+               ? 0 : (stream->bufwpos - stream->bufstart);
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       return 0;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__flushlbf
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+void _flushlbf(void)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       fflush((FILE *) &_stdio_openlist); /* Uses an implementation hack!!! */
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       /* Nothing to do. */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L___fsetlocking
+
+/* No (serious) reentrancy issues -- return value could be incorrect. */
+/* TODO -- fix race */
+
+int __fsetlocking(FILE *stream, int locking_mode)
+{
+       int old_mode;
+
+       assert((FSETLOCKING_QUERY == 0) && (FSETLOCKING_INTERNAL == 1)
+                  && (FSETLOCKING_BYCALLER == 2));
+
+       assert(((unsigned int) locking_mode) <= 2);
+
+       /* Note: don't even bother locking here... */
+
+       old_mode  = stream->user_locking;
+
+       if (locking_mode != FSETLOCKING_QUERY) {
+               /* In case we're not debugging, treat any unknown as a request to
+                * set internal locking, in order to match glibc behavior. */
+               stream->user_locking = ((locking_mode == FSETLOCKING_BYCALLER)
+                                                               ? FSETLOCKING_BYCALLER
+                                                               : FSETLOCKING_INTERNAL);
+       }
+
+       return old_mode;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_flockfile
+
+void flockfile(FILE *stream)
+{
+       pthread_mutex_lock(&stream->lock);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_ftrylockfile
+
+int ftrylockfile(FILE *stream)
+{
+       return pthread_mutex_trylock(&stream->lock);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_funlockfile
+
+void funlockfile(FILE *stream)
+{
+       pthread_mutex_unlock(&stream->lock);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* my extension functions */
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__stdio_fsfopen
+/*
+ * Stack|Static File open -- open a file where the FILE is either
+ * stack or staticly allocated.
+ */
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+FILE *_stdio_fsfopen(const char * __restrict filename,
+                                        const char * __restrict mode,
+                                        register FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       stream->modeflags = __FLAG_FBF;
+#if __STDIO_BUILTIN_BUF_SIZE > 0
+       stream->bufstart = stream->builtinbuf;
+       stream->bufend = stream->builtinbuf + sizeof(stream->builtinbuf);
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUILTIN_BUF_SIZE > 0 */
+       stream->bufend = stream->bufstart = NULL;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUILTIN_BUF_SIZE > 0 */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+
+       return _stdio_fopen(filename, mode, stream, -1);
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* stdio internal functions */
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__stdio_adjpos
+/*
+ * ANSI/ISO p. 370: The file positioning indicator is unspecified after
+ * a successful call to ungetwc.
+ * Note however, that this applies only to _user_ calls to ungetwc.  We
+ * need to allow for internal calls by scanf.  So we store the byte count
+ * of the first ungot wide char in ungot0_bytes.  If it is 0 (user case)
+ * then the file position is treated as unknown.
+ */
+
+
+/* Internal function -- not reentrant. */
+
+int _stdio_adjpos(register FILE * __restrict stream,
+                                       register __offmax_t *pos)
+{
+       __offmax_t r;
+       int cor = stream->modeflags & __MASK_UNGOT;     /* handle ungots */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+       /* Assumed narrow stream so correct if wide. */
+       if (cor && (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WIDE)) {
+               cor = cor - 1 + stream->ungot_width[0];
+               if ((stream->ungot_width[0] == 0) /* don't know byte count or */
+                       || ((stream->modeflags & __MASK_UNGOT) > 1)) { /* app case */
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WRITING) {
+               cor -= (stream->bufwpos - stream->bufstart); /* pending writes */
+       }
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_READING) {
+               cor += (stream->bufwpos - stream->bufrpos); /* extra's read */
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+
+       r = *pos;
+       return ((*pos -= cor) > r) ? -cor : cor;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__stdio_lseek
+/*
+ * This function is only called by fseek and ftell.
+ * fseek -- doesn't care about pos val, just success or failure.
+ * ftell -- needs pos val but offset == 0 and whence == SET_CUR.
+ */
+
+/* Internal function -- not reentrant. */
+
+int _stdio_lseek(FILE *stream, __offmax_t *pos, int whence)
+{
+       __offmax_t res;
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+       if (stream->cookie != &stream->filedes) {
+               return (((stream->gcs.seek == NULL)
+                                || ((stream->gcs.seek)(stream->cookie, pos, whence) < 0))
+                               ? -1 : 0);
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+#ifdef __STDIO_LARGE_FILES
+       res = lseek64(stream->filedes, *pos, whence);
+#else
+       res = lseek(stream->filedes, *pos, whence);
+#endif /* __STDIO_LARGE_FILES */
+       return (res >= 0) ? ((*pos = res), 0) : -1;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__stdio_fread
+/*
+ * NOTE!!! This routine is meant to be callable by both narrow and wide
+ * functions.  However, if called by a wide function, there must be
+ * NO pending ungetwc()s!!!
+ */
+
+/* Unlike write, it's ok for read to return fewer than bufsize, since
+ * we may not need all of them. */
+static ssize_t _stdio_READ(FILE *stream, void *buf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+       ssize_t rv;
+
+       if (bufsize == 0) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (bufsize > SSIZE_MAX) {
+               bufsize = SSIZE_MAX;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __BCC__
+ TRY_READ:
+#endif
+       rv = __READ(stream, buf, bufsize);
+       if (rv > 0) {
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+               assert(rv <= bufsize);  /* buggy user handler... TODO: check? */
+               if (rv > bufsize) {     /* Num reported written > number requested */
+                       rv = bufsize;           /* Treat as a full read??? */
+               }
+#endif
+       } else if (rv == 0) {
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_EOF;
+       } else {
+#ifdef __BCC__
+               if (errno == EINTR) {
+                       goto TRY_READ;
+               }
+#endif
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR;
+               rv = 0;
+       }
+
+       return rv;
+}
+
+/* Internal function -- not reentrant. */
+
+size_t _stdio_fread(unsigned char *buffer, size_t bytes,
+                                         register FILE *stream)
+{
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+
+       if (stream->modeflags 
+#ifdef __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION
+               & (__FLAG_WRITEONLY)
+#else  /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+               /* ANSI/ISO and SUSv3 require not currently writing. */
+               & (__FLAG_WRITEONLY|__FLAG_WRITING)
+#endif /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+               ) {
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+               stream->bufputc = stream->bufstart;     /* Must disable putc. */
+#endif /* __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO */
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR;
+               /* TODO: This is for posix behavior if writeonly.  To save space, we
+                * use this errno for read attempt while writing, as no errno is
+                * specified by posix for this case, even though the restriction is
+                * mentioned in fopen(). */
+               errno = EBADF;
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* We need to disable putc and getc macros in case of error */
+#if defined(__STDIO_PUTC_MACRO) || defined(__STDIO_GETC_MACRO)
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+       stream->bufputc =
+#endif /* __STDIO_GETC_MACRO */
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       stream->bufgetc =
+#endif /* __STDIO_GETC_MACRO */
+       stream->bufstart;
+#endif /*  defined(__STDIO_PUTC_MACRO) || defined(__STDIO_GETC_MACRO) */
+
+       if (stream->modeflags & __MASK_BUFMODE) {
+               /* If the stream is readable and not fully buffered, we must first
+                * flush all line buffered output streams.  Do this before the
+                * error check as this may be a read/write line-buffered stream. */
+               fflush((FILE *) &_stdio_openlist); /* Uses an implementation hack!!! */
+       }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WRITING) {
+               /* TODO -- return if error?  Test glibc behavior with a custom r/w. */
+               fflush(stream);
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+
+       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_READING; /* Make sure Reading flag is set. */
+
+       {
+               register unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *) buffer;
+
+               /* First, grab appropriate ungetc() chars.  NOT FOR WIDE ORIENTATED! */
+               while (bytes && (stream->modeflags & __MASK_UNGOT)) {
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+                       assert(stream->modeflags & __FLAG_NARROW);
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+                       *p++ = stream->ungot[(--stream->modeflags) & __MASK_UNGOT];
+                       stream->ungot[1] = 0;
+                       --bytes;
+               }
+
+               /* Now get any other needed chars from the buffer or the file. */
+       FROM_BUF:
+               while (bytes && (stream->bufrpos < stream->bufwpos)) {
+                       --bytes;
+                       *p++ = *stream->bufrpos++;
+               }
+
+               if (bytes > 0) {
+                       ssize_t len;
+
+                       /* The buffer is exhausted, but we still need chars.  */
+                       stream->bufrpos = stream->bufwpos = stream->bufstart;
+
+                       if (bytes <= stream->bufend - stream->bufwpos) {
+                               /* We have sufficient space in the buffer. */
+                               len = _stdio_READ(stream, stream->bufwpos,
+                                                                 stream->bufend - stream->bufwpos);
+                               if (len > 0) {
+                                       stream->bufwpos += len;
+                                       goto FROM_BUF;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               /* More bytes needed than fit in the buffer, so read */
+                               /* directly into caller's buffer. */
+                               len = _stdio_READ(stream, p, bytes);
+                               if (len > 0) {
+                                       p += len;
+                                       bytes -= len;
+                                       goto FROM_BUF; /* Redundant work, but stops extra read. */
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+               if (!(stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_WIDE|__MASK_UNGOT|__MASK_BUFMODE))) {
+                       stream->bufgetc = stream->bufwpos; /* Enable getc macro. */
+               }
+#endif
+
+               __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+               return (p - (unsigned char *)buffer);
+       }
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS --------------------------------------- */
+
+       if (stream->modeflags 
+#ifdef __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION
+               & (__FLAG_WRITEONLY)
+#else  /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+               /* ANSI/ISO and SUSv3 require not currently writing. */
+               & (__FLAG_WRITEONLY|__FLAG_WRITING)
+#endif /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+               ) {
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR;
+               /* TODO: This is for posix behavior if writeonly.  To save space, we
+                * use this errno for read attempt while writing, as no errno is
+                * specified by posix for this case, even though the restriction is
+                * mentioned in fopen(). */
+               errno = EBADF;
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION
+       stream->modeflags &= ~(__FLAG_WRITING); /* Make sure Writing flag clear. */
+#endif /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+
+       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_READING; /* Make sure Reading flag is set. */
+
+       {
+               register unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *) buffer;
+
+               /* First, grab appropriate ungetc() chars.  NOT FOR WIDE ORIENTATED! */
+               while (bytes && (stream->modeflags & __MASK_UNGOT)) {
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+                       assert(stream->modeflags & __FLAG_NARROW);
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+                       *p++ = stream->ungot[(--stream->modeflags) & __MASK_UNGOT];
+                       stream->ungot[1] = 0;
+                       --bytes;
+               }       
+
+               while (bytes > 0) {
+                       ssize_t len = _stdio_READ(stream, p, (unsigned) bytes);
+                       if (len == 0) {
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       p += len;
+                       bytes -= len;
+               }
+
+               __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+               return (p - (unsigned char *)buffer);
+       }
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__stdio_fwrite
+/*
+ * If buffer == NULL, attempt to fflush and return number of chars
+ * remaining in buffer (0 if successful fflush).
+ */
+
+/* WARNING!!!! Current standards say that termination due to an asyncronous
+ * signal may not result in stdio streams being flushed.  This libary makes
+ * an effort to do so but there is no way, short of blocking signals for
+ * each _stdio_fwrite call, that we can maintain the correct state if a
+ * signal is recieved mid-call.  So any stream in mid-_stdio_fwrite could
+ * not some flush data or even duplicate-flush some data.  It is possible
+ * to avoid the duplicate-flush case by setting/clearing the stream
+ * error flag before/after the write process, but it doesn't seem worth
+ * the trouble. */
+
+/* Like standard write, but always does a full write unless error plus
+ *deals correctly with bufsize > SSIZE_MAX... not much on an issue on linux
+ * but definitly could be on Elks.  Also on Elks, always loops for EINTR..
+ * Returns number of bytes written, so a short write indicates an error */
+static size_t _stdio_WRITE(FILE *stream, const void *buf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+       size_t todo;
+       ssize_t rv, stodo;
+
+       todo = bufsize;
+
+       while (todo) {
+               stodo = (todo <= SSIZE_MAX) ? todo : SSIZE_MAX;
+               rv = __WRITE(stream, buf, stodo);
+               if (rv >= 0) {
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+                       assert(rv <= stodo);    /* buggy user handler... TODO: check? */
+                       if (rv > stodo) {       /* Num reported written > number requested */
+                               rv = stodo;             /* Treat as a full write??? */
+                       }
+#endif
+                       todo -= rv;
+                       buf += rv;
+               } else
+#ifdef __BCC__
+                       if (errno != EINTR)
+#endif
+               {
+                       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return bufsize - todo;
+}
+
+/* Internal function -- not reentrant. */
+
+size_t _stdio_fwrite(const unsigned char *buffer, size_t bytes,
+                                          register FILE *stream)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       register const unsigned char *p;
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+       if ((stream->modeflags & __FLAG_READONLY)
+#ifndef __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION
+       /* ANSI/ISO requires either at EOF or currently not reading. */
+               || ((stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_READING|__FLAG_EOF))
+                       == __FLAG_READING)
+#endif /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+               ) {
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR;
+               /* TODO: This is for posix behavior if readonly.  To save space, we
+                * use this errno for write attempt while reading, as no errno is
+                * specified by posix for this case, even though the restriction is
+                * mentioned in fopen(). */
+               errno = EBADF;
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION
+       /* If we were reading, deal with ungots and buffered chars. */
+       if ((stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_EOF|__FLAG_WRITING|__FLAG_WRITEONLY))
+               == 0) {
+               /* If appending, we might as well seek to end to save a seek. */
+               fseek(stream, 0L, 
+                         ((stream->modeflags & __FLAG_APPEND) ? SEEK_END : SEEK_CUR));
+               /* TODO: set EOF in fseek when appropriate? */
+       }
+#endif
+
+       /* We need to disable putc and getc macros in case of error */
+#if defined(__STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION) \
+       || defined(__STDIO_PUTC_MACRO) || defined(__STDIO_GETC_MACRO)
+#ifdef __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION
+       stream->bufrpos =                       /* TODO -- necessary? */
+#endif /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+       stream->bufputc =
+#endif /* __STDIO_GETC_MACRO */
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       stream->bufgetc =
+#endif /* __STDIO_GETC_MACRO */
+       stream->bufstart;
+#endif /* not using ansi restrictions ; or using putc and/or getc macro */
+
+       /* Clear both reading and writing flags.  We need to clear the writing
+        * flag in case we're fflush()ing or in case of an error. */
+       stream->modeflags &= ~(__FLAG_READING|__FLAG_WRITING);
+
+       {
+               const unsigned char *buf0 = buffer;
+
+               if (!buffer) {                          /* fflush the stream */
+               FFLUSH:
+                       {
+                               size_t count = stream->bufwpos - stream->bufstart;
+                               p = stream->bufstart;
+
+                               if (stream->filedes == -2) { /* TODO -- document this hack! */
+                                       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_WRITING;
+                                       return (!buffer) ? 0 : ((buffer - buf0) + bytes);
+                               }
+
+                               {
+                                       size_t rv = _stdio_WRITE(stream, p, count);
+                                       p += rv;
+                                       count -= rv;
+                               }
+                       
+                               stream->bufwpos = stream->bufstart;
+                               while (count) {
+                                       *stream->bufwpos++ = *p++;
+                                       --count;
+                               }
+
+                               if (!buffer) {  /* fflush case... */
+                                       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+                                       return stream->bufwpos - stream->bufstart;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+#if 1
+               /* TODO: If the stream is buffered, we may be able to omit. */
+               if ((stream->bufwpos == stream->bufstart) /* buf empty */
+                       && (stream->bufend - stream->bufstart <= bytes) /* fills */
+                       && (stream->filedes != -2)) { /* not strinf fake file */
+                       /* so want to do a direct write of supplied buffer */
+                       {
+                               size_t rv = _stdio_WRITE(stream, buffer, bytes);
+                               buffer += rv;
+                               bytes -= rv;
+                       }
+               } else
+#endif
+               /* otherwise buffer not empty and/or data fits */
+               {
+                       size_t count = stream->bufend - stream->bufwpos;
+                       p = buffer;
+
+                       if (count > bytes) {
+                               count = bytes;
+                       }
+                       bytes -= count;
+
+                       while (count) {
+                               *stream->bufwpos++ = *buffer++;
+                               --count;
+                       }
+
+                       if (bytes) {
+                               goto FFLUSH;
+                       }
+
+                       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_LBF) {
+                               while (p < buffer) { /* check for newline. */
+                                       if (*p++ == '\n') {
+                                               goto FFLUSH;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+               if (!(stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_WIDE|__MASK_BUFMODE))) {
+                       /* Not wide, no errors and fully buffered, so enable putc macro. */
+                       stream->bufputc = stream->bufend;
+               }
+#endif /* __STDIO_GETC_MACRO */
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_WRITING; /* Ensure Writing flag is set. */
+
+               __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+               return buffer - buf0;
+
+       }
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS --------------------------------------- */
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+       if ((stream->modeflags & __FLAG_READONLY)
+#ifndef __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION
+       /* ANSI/ISO requires either at EOF or currently not reading. */
+               || ((stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_READING|__FLAG_EOF))
+                       == __FLAG_READING)
+#endif /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+               ) {
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR;
+               /* TODO: This is for posix behavior if readonly.  To save space, we
+                * use this errno for write attempt while reading, as no errno is
+                * specified by posix for this case, even though the restriction is
+                * mentioned in fopen(). */
+               errno = EBADF;
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* We always clear the reading flag in case at EOF. */
+       stream->modeflags &= ~(__FLAG_READING);
+       /* Unlike the buffered case, we set the writing flag now since we don't
+        * need to do anything here for fflush(). */
+       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_WRITING;
+
+       {
+               register unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *) buffer;
+
+               ssize_t rv = _stdio_WRITE(stream, p, bytes);
+
+               p += rv;
+               bytes -= rv;
+
+               __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+               return (p - (unsigned char *)buffer);
+       }
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS *****************************************/
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__stdio_init
+
+/* Internal functions -- _stdio_init() and __stdio_validate_FILE
+ * are not reentrant, but _stdio_term() is through fflush().
+ * Also, the _cs_{read|write|close} functions are not reentrant. */
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+void __stdio_validate_FILE(FILE *stream)
+{
+       if (stream->filedes == -2) { /* fake FILE for sprintf, scanf, etc. */
+               return;
+       }
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       assert(stream->bufstart <= stream->bufrpos);
+       assert(stream->bufrpos <= stream->bufwpos);
+       assert(stream->bufwpos <= stream->bufend);
+       assert(stream->bufwpos <= stream->bufend);
+       if ((stream->modeflags & __MASK_BUFMODE) == __FLAG_NBF) {
+               assert(stream->bufstart == stream->bufend);
+       }
+       assert((stream->modeflags & __MASK_BUFMODE) <= __FLAG_NBF);
+#endif
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+       assert(stream->bufstart <= stream->bufputc);
+       assert(stream->bufputc <= stream->bufend);
+       if (stream->bufstart < stream->bufputc) {
+               assert(stream->bufputc == stream->bufend);
+               assert(stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_WRITING));
+               assert(!(stream->modeflags
+                                & (__FLAG_WIDE|__MASK_BUFMODE|__MASK_UNGOT|__FLAG_READONLY))
+                          );
+       }
+#endif
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       assert(stream->bufstart <= stream->bufgetc);
+       assert(stream->bufgetc <= stream->bufwpos);
+       if (stream->bufstart < stream->bufgetc) {
+               assert(stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_READING));
+               assert(!(stream->modeflags
+                                & (__FLAG_WIDE|__MASK_BUFMODE|__MASK_UNGOT|__FLAG_WRITEONLY))
+                          );
+       }
+#endif
+       assert((stream->modeflags & __MASK_UNGOT) != __MASK_UNGOT);
+       if (stream->modeflags & __MASK_UNGOT1) {
+               assert(stream->ungot[1] <= 1);
+       }
+       if (stream->modeflags & __MASK_UNGOT) {
+               assert(!(stream->modeflags & __FLAG_EOF));
+       }
+       assert((stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_READONLY|__FLAG_WRITEONLY))
+                  != (__FLAG_READONLY|__FLAG_WRITEONLY));
+
+       /* TODO -- filepos?  ungot_width?  filedes?  nextopen? */
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+ssize_t _cs_read(void *cookie, char *buf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+       return read(*((int *) cookie), buf, bufsize);
+}
+
+ssize_t _cs_write(void *cookie, const char *buf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+       return write(*((int *) cookie), (char *) buf, bufsize);
+}
+
+int _cs_close(void *cookie)
+{
+       return close(*((int *) cookie));
+}
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+static unsigned char _fixed_buffers[2 * BUFSIZ];
+#define bufin (_fixed_buffers)
+#define bufout (_fixed_buffers + BUFSIZ)
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+
+static FILE _stdio_streams[] = {
+       __STDIO_INIT_FILE_STRUCT(_stdio_streams[0], __FLAG_LBF|__FLAG_READONLY, \
+                                                        0, _stdio_streams + 1, bufin, BUFSIZ ),
+       __STDIO_INIT_FILE_STRUCT(_stdio_streams[1], __FLAG_LBF|__FLAG_WRITEONLY, \
+                                                        1, _stdio_streams + 2, bufout, BUFSIZ ), 
+       __STDIO_INIT_FILE_STRUCT(_stdio_streams[2], __FLAG_NBF|__FLAG_WRITEONLY, \
+                                                        2, 0, 0, 0 )
+};
+
+FILE *_stdin = _stdio_streams + 0;
+FILE *_stdout = _stdio_streams + 1;
+FILE *_stderr = _stdio_streams + 2;
+
+#if defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS)
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+FILE *_stdio_openlist = _stdio_streams;
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+FILE *_stdio_openlist = NULL;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_THREADSAFE
+pthread_mutex_t _stdio_openlist_lock = PTHREAD_RECURSIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP;
+
+
+void __stdio_init_mutex(pthread_mutex_t *m)
+{
+       static const pthread_mutex_t __stdio_mutex_initializer
+               = PTHREAD_RECURSIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP;
+
+       memcpy(m, &__stdio_mutex_initializer, sizeof(__stdio_mutex_initializer));
+}
+#endif /* __STDIO_THREADSAFE */
+
+/* TODO - do we need to lock things, or do we just assume we're the only
+ * remaining thread? */
+
+/* Note: We assume here that we are the only remaining thread. */
+void _stdio_term(void)
+{
+#if defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS) || defined(__STDIO_THREADSAFE)
+       FILE *ptr;
+#endif
+
+       /* TODO: if called via a signal handler for a signal mid _stdio_fwrite,
+        * the stream may be in an unstable state... what do we do?
+        * perhaps set error flag before and clear when done if successful? */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_THREADSAFE
+       /* First, forceably unlock the open file list and all files.
+        * Note: Set locking mode to "by caller" to save some overhead later. */
+       __stdio_init_mutex(&_stdio_openlist_lock);
+       for (ptr = _stdio_openlist ; ptr ; ptr = ptr->nextopen ) {
+               ptr->user_locking = FSETLOCKING_BYCALLER;
+               __stdio_init_mutex(&ptr->lock);
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_THREADSAFE */
+
+       /* TODO -- set an alarm and flush each file "by hand"? to avoid blocking? */
+
+       /* Now flush all streams. */
+       fflush(NULL);
+
+       /* Next close all custom streams in case of any special cleanup, but
+        * don't use fclose() because that pulls in free and malloc.  Also,
+        * don't worry about removing them from the list.  Just set the cookie
+        * pointer to NULL so that an error will be generated if someone tries
+        * to use the stream. */
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+       for (ptr = _stdio_openlist ; ptr ; ptr = ptr->nextopen ) {
+               if (ptr->cookie != &ptr->filedes) {     /* custom stream */
+                       __CLOSE(ptr);
+                       ptr->cookie = NULL;     /* Generate an error if used later. */
+#if 0
+/*  #ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+               } else {
+                       /* TODO: "unbuffer" files like glibc does?  Inconsistent with
+                        * custom stream handling above, but that's necessary to deal
+                        * with special user-defined close behavior. */
+                       stream->bufwpos = stream->bufrpos = stream->bufend
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+                               = stream->bufgetc
+#endif
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+                               = stream->bufputc
+#endif
+                               = stream->bufstart;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+               }
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+}
+
+
+#if defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || !defined(__UCLIBC__)
+void _stdio_init(void)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       /* stdin and stdout uses line buffering when connected to a tty. */
+       _stdio_streams[0].modeflags ^= isatty(0) * __FLAG_LBF;
+       _stdio_streams[1].modeflags ^= isatty(1) * __FLAG_LBF;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+#ifndef __UCLIBC__
+/* __stdio_term is automatically when exiting if stdio is used.
+ * See misc/internals/__uClibc_main.c and and stdlib/atexit.c. */
+       atexit(_stdio_term);
+#endif /* __UCLIBC__ */
+}
+#endif /* defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || !defined(__UCLIBC__) */
+#endif /* defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS) */
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* ANSI/ISO functions. */
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_remove
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+int remove(register const char *filename)
+{
+       int old_errno = errno;
+
+       /* SUSv3 says equivalent to rmdir() if a directory, and unlink()
+        * otherwise.  Hence, we need to try rmdir() first. */
+
+       return (((rmdir(filename) == 0)
+                        || ((errno == ENOTDIR)
+                                && ((__set_errno(old_errno), unlink(filename)) == 0)))
+                       ? 0 : -1);
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* rename is a syscall
+#ifdef L_rename
+int rename(const char *old, const char *new);
+#endif
+*/
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* TODO: tmpfile */
+/*  #ifdef L_tmpfile */
+/*  FILE *tmpfile(void); */
+/*  #endif */
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* TODO: tmpname */
+/*  #ifdef L_tmpname */
+/*  char *tmpname(char *s); */
+/*  #endif */
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fclose
+
+/* We need to be careful here to avoid deadlock when threading, as we
+ * need to lock both the file and the open file list.  This can clash
+ * with fflush.  Since fflush is much more common, we do the extra
+ * work here. */
+
+int fclose(register FILE *stream)
+{
+#if defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS)
+
+       register FILE *ptr;
+       int rv = 0;
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_THREADSAFE
+       /* Need two non-heirchal mutexs... be careful to avoid deadlock*/
+       do {
+               __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+               if (__STDIO_THREADTRYLOCK_OPENLIST == 0) {
+                       break;
+               }
+               __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+               usleep(10000);
+       } while (1);
+#endif /* __STDIO_THREADSAFE */
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WRITING) {
+               rv = fflush(stream);    /* Write any pending buffered chars. */
+       }                                                       /* Also disables putc macro if used. */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       /* Not necessary after fflush, but always do this to reduce size. */
+       stream->bufgetc = stream->bufstart;     /* Disable getc macro for safety. */
+#endif /* __STDIO_GETC_MACRO */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+
+       /* Remove file from open list before closing file descriptor. */
+       ptr = _stdio_openlist;
+       if (ptr == stream) {
+               _stdio_openlist = stream->nextopen;
+       } else {
+               while (ptr) {
+                       if (ptr->nextopen == stream) {
+                               ptr->nextopen = stream->nextopen;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       ptr = ptr->nextopen;
+               }
+       }
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK_OPENLIST; /* We're done with the open file list. */
+
+       if (__CLOSE(stream) < 0) {      /* Must close even if fflush failed. */
+               rv = EOF;
+       }
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+       stream->cookie = NULL;          /* To aid debugging... */
+#endif
+       stream->filedes = -1;           /* To aid debugging... */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_FREEBUF) {
+               free(stream->bufstart);
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+
+       /* TODO -- leave the stream locked to catch any dangling refs? */
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       /* At this point, any dangling refs to the stream are the result of
+        * a programming bug... so free the unlocked stream. */
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_FREEFILE) {
+               free(stream);
+       }
+
+       return rv;
+
+#else  /* defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS) */
+
+       int rv = 0;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+       if (__CLOSE(stream) < 0) {      /* Must close even if fflush failed. */
+               rv = EOF;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+       stream->cookie = NULL;          /* To aid debugging... */
+#endif
+       stream->filedes = -1;           /* To aid debugging... */
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       /* At this point, any dangling refs to the stream are the result of
+        * a programming bug... so free the unlocked stream. */
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_FREEFILE) {
+               free(stream);
+       }
+
+       return rv;
+
+#endif /* defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) || defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS )*/
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fflush
+
+/*
+ * Special cases:
+ *   stream == NULL means fflush all writing streams (ANSI/ISO).
+ *   stream == (FILE *) &_stdio_openlist -- implementation-specific hack
+ *      meaning fflush all line buffered writing streams
+ */
+
+/*
+ * NOTE: ANSI/ISO difference!!!  According to the standard, fflush is only
+ * defined for write-only streams, or read/write streams whose last op
+ * was a write.  However, reading is allowed for a read/write stream if
+ * a file positioning operation was done (fseek, fsetpos) even though there
+ * is no guarantee of flushing the write data in that case.  Hence, for
+ * this case we keep a flag to indicate whether or not the buffer needs to
+ * be flushed even if the last operation was a read.  This falls under the
+ * implementation-defined behavior.  Otherwise, we would need to flush
+ * every time we did fseek, etc. even if we were still in the buffer's range.
+ */
+
+/* Since the stream pointer arg is allowed to be NULL, or the address of the
+ * stdio open file list if stdio is buffered in this implementation, we can't
+ * use the UNLOCKED() macro here. */
+
+#ifndef __STDIO_THREADSAFE
+strong_alias(fflush_unlocked,fflush)
+#else  /* __STDIO_THREADSAFE */
+int fflush(register FILE *stream)
+{
+       int retval;
+
+       if ((stream != NULL)
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+               && (stream != (FILE *) &_stdio_openlist)
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+               ) {
+               __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+               retval = fflush_unlocked(stream);
+               __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+       } else {
+               retval = fflush_unlocked(stream);
+       }
+
+       return retval;
+}
+#endif /* __STDIO_THREADSAFE */
+
+int fflush_unlocked(register FILE *stream)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+
+       int rv = 0;
+       unsigned short mask = (__FLAG_NBF|__FLAG_LBF);
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+       if ((stream != NULL) && (stream != (FILE *) &_stdio_openlist)) {
+               __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+       }
+#endif
+
+       if (stream == (FILE *) &_stdio_openlist) { /* fflush all line-buffered */
+               stream = NULL;
+               mask = __FLAG_LBF;
+       }
+
+       if (stream == NULL) {           /* flush all (line) buffered writing streams */
+               /* Note -- We have to lock the list even in the unlocked function. */
+               __STDIO_THREADLOCK_OPENLIST;
+               /* TODO -- Can we work around locking the list to avoid keeping it
+                * locked if the write blocks? */
+               for (stream = _stdio_openlist; stream; stream = stream->nextopen) {
+                       if (((stream->modeflags ^ __FLAG_NBF) & mask)
+                               && (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WRITING)
+                               && fflush(stream)) {
+                               rv = EOF;
+                       }
+               }
+               __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK_OPENLIST;
+       } else if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WRITING) {
+               if (_stdio_fwrite(NULL, 0, stream) > 0) { /* flush buffer contents. */
+                       rv = -1;                        /* Not all chars written. */
+               }
+       } else if (stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_READONLY|__FLAG_READING)) {
+               /* TODO - __FLAG_READING too?  check glibc behavior */
+               /* According to info, glibc returns an error when the file is opened
+                * in read-only mode.
+                * ANSI/ISO says behavior in this case is undefined but also says you
+                * shouldn't flush a stream you were reading from.
+                */
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR; /* TODO - check glibc behavior */
+               __set_errno(EBADF);
+               rv = -1;
+       }
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+       if ((stream != NULL) && (stream != (FILE *) &_stdio_openlist)) {
+               __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+       }
+#endif
+       return rv;
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS --------------------------------------- */
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+       /* TODO -- check glibc behavior regarding error indicator */
+       return (stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_READONLY|__FLAG_READING)
+                       ? ((stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR), __set_errno(EBADF), EOF)
+                       : 0 );
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fopen
+
+/* No reentrancy issues. */
+
+FILE *fopen(const char * __restrict filename, const char * __restrict mode)
+{
+       return _stdio_fopen(filename, mode, NULL, -1);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__stdio_fopen
+
+/*
+ * Cases:
+ *  fopen    : filename != NULL, stream == NULL, filedes == -1
+ *  freopen  : filename != NULL, stream != NULL, filedes == -1
+ *  fdopen   : filename == NULL, stream == NULL, filedes valid
+ *  fsfopen  : filename != NULL, stream != NULL, filedes == -1
+ *  fopen64  : filename != NULL, stream == NULL, filedes == -2
+ */
+
+#if O_ACCMODE != 3 || O_RDONLY != 0 || O_WRONLY != 1 || O_RDWR != 2 || O_APPEND != __FLAG_APPEND || O_LARGEFILE != __FLAG_LARGEFILE
+#error Assumption violated - mode constants
+#endif
+
+/* Internal function -- reentrant (locks open file list) */
+
+FILE *_stdio_fopen(const char * __restrict filename,
+                                        register const char * __restrict mode,
+                                        register FILE * __restrict stream, int filedes)
+{
+       __mode_t open_mode;
+
+       /* parse mode */
+       open_mode = O_RDONLY;
+       if (*mode != 'r') {                     /* not read */
+               open_mode = (O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC);
+               if (*mode != 'w') {             /* not write (create or truncate)*/
+                       open_mode = (O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND);
+                       if (*mode != 'a') {     /* not write (create or append) */
+                               __set_errno(EINVAL); /* then illegal mode */
+                               if (stream) {   /* If this is freopen, free the stream. */
+                                       goto FREE_STREAM;
+                               }
+                               return NULL;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if ((*++mode == 'b')) {         /* binary mode (NOP currently) */
+               ++mode;
+       }
+
+       if (*mode == '+') {                     /* read-write */
+               ++mode;
+               open_mode &= ~(O_RDONLY | O_WRONLY);
+               open_mode |= O_RDWR;
+       }
+
+#if defined(__STDIO_GNU_FEATURE) || defined(__STDIO_FOPEN_LARGEFILE_MODE)
+       while (*mode) {                         /* ignore everything else except ... */
+#ifdef __STDIO_FOPEN_EXCLUSIVE_MODE
+               if (*mode++ == 'x') {   /* open exclusive -- glibc extension */
+                       open_mode |= O_EXCL;
+               }
+#endif /* __STDIO_FOPEN_EXCLUSIVE_MODE */
+#ifdef __STDIO_FOPEN_LARGEFILE_MODE
+               if (*mode++ == 'F') {   /* open large file */
+                       open_mode |= O_LARGEFILE;
+               }
+#endif /* __STDIO_FOPEN_LARGEFILE_MODE */
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_FOPEN_EXCLUSIVE_MODE or __STDIO_FOPEN_LARGEFILE_MODE def'd */
+
+#ifdef __BCC__
+       mode = filename;                        /* TODO:  help BCC with register allocation. */
+#define filename mode
+#endif /* __BCC__ */
+
+       if (!stream) {                          /* Need to allocate a FILE. */
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+               if ((stream = malloc(sizeof(FILE))) == NULL) {
+                       return stream;
+               }
+               stream->modeflags = __FLAG_FREEFILE;
+               if ((stream->bufstart = malloc(BUFSIZ)) != 0) {
+                       stream->bufend = stream->bufstart + BUFSIZ;
+                       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_FREEBUF;
+               } else {
+#if __STDIO_BUILTIN_BUF_SIZE > 0
+                       stream->bufstart = stream->unbuf;
+                       stream->bufend = stream->unbuf + sizeof(stream->unbuf);
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUILTIN_BUF_SIZE > 0 */
+                       stream->bufstart = stream->bufend = NULL;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUILTIN_BUF_SIZE > 0 */
+               }
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+               if ((stream = malloc(sizeof(FILE))) == NULL) {
+                       return stream;
+               }
+               stream->modeflags = __FLAG_FREEFILE;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       }
+
+       if (filedes >= 0) {                     /* Handle fdopen trickery. */
+               /*
+                * NOTE: it is insufficient to just check R/W/RW agreement.
+                * We must also check for append mode agreement, as well as
+                * largefile agreement if applicable.
+                */
+               int i = (open_mode & (O_ACCMODE|O_APPEND|O_LARGEFILE)) + 1;
+
+               if ((i & (((int) filename) + 1)) != i) {
+                       __set_errno(EINVAL);
+                       filedes = -1;
+               }
+               stream->filedes = filedes;
+       } else {
+#ifdef __STDIO_LARGE_FILES
+               if (filedes < -1) {
+                       open_mode |= __FLAG_LARGEFILE;
+               }
+#endif /* __STDIO_LARGE_FILES */
+               stream->filedes = open(filename, open_mode, 0666);
+       }
+
+       if (stream->filedes < 0) {
+       FREE_STREAM:
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+               if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_FREEBUF) {
+                       free(stream->bufstart);
+               }
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+               if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_FREEFILE) {
+                       free(stream);
+               }
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       stream->modeflags |= (isatty(stream->filedes) * __FLAG_LBF)
+               | ((((open_mode & O_ACCMODE) + 1) ^ 0x03) * __FLAG_WRITEONLY)
+               | (open_mode & (O_APPEND|O_LARGEFILE));
+
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       stream->bufgetc =
+#endif
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+       stream->bufputc =
+#endif
+       stream->bufwpos = stream->bufrpos = stream->bufstart;
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       stream->modeflags |= 
+               ((((open_mode & O_ACCMODE) + 1) ^ 0x03) * __FLAG_WRITEONLY)
+               | (open_mode & (O_APPEND|O_LARGEFILE));
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS
+       stream->cookie = &(stream->filedes);
+       stream->gcs.read = _cs_read;
+       stream->gcs.write = _cs_write;
+       stream->gcs.seek = 0;           /* The internal seek func handles normals. */
+       stream->gcs.close = _cs_close;
+#endif /* __STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_THREADSAFE
+       __stdio_init_mutex(&stream->lock);
+#endif /* __STDIO_THREADSAFE */
+
+#if defined(__STDIO_BUFFERS) \
+|| (defined(__STDIO_THREADSAFE) && defined(__STDIO_GLIBC_CUSTOM_STREAMS))
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK_OPENLIST;
+       stream->nextopen = _stdio_openlist;     /* New files are inserted at */
+       _stdio_openlist = stream;                       /*   the head of the list. */
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK_OPENLIST;
+#endif
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+       return stream;
+#ifdef __BCC__
+#undef filename
+#endif /* __BCC__ */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_freopen
+
+/* Reentrant. */
+
+FILE *freopen(const char * __restrict filename, const char * __restrict mode,
+                         register FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+       /*
+        * ANSI/ISO allow (implementation-defined) change of mode for an
+        * existing file if filename is NULL.  It doesn't look like Linux
+        * supports this, so we don't here.
+        *
+        * NOTE: Whether or not the stream is free'd on failure is unclear
+        *       w.r.t. ANSI/ISO.  This implementation chooses to free the
+        *       stream and associated buffer if they were dynamically
+        *       allocated.
+        * TODO: Check the above.
+        * TODO: Apparently linux allows setting append mode.  Implement?
+        */
+       unsigned short dynmode;
+       FILE *fp;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       /* First, flush and close, but don't deallocate, the stream. */
+       /* This also removes the stream for the open file list. */
+       dynmode = 
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+               //              __MASK_BUFMODE |                /* TODO: check */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+               (stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_FREEBUF|__FLAG_FREEFILE));
+
+       stream->modeflags &= ~(__FLAG_FREEBUF|__FLAG_FREEFILE);
+       fclose(stream);                         /* Failures are ignored. */
+       stream->modeflags = dynmode;
+
+       fp = _stdio_fopen(filename, mode, stream, -1);
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return fp;
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_freopen64
+
+/* Reentrant. */
+
+/* TODO -- is it collecting the common work (40 bytes) into a function? */
+FILE *freopen64(const char * __restrict filename, const char * __restrict mode,
+                               register FILE * __restrict stream)
+{
+       unsigned short dynmode;
+       FILE *fp;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       /* First, flush and close, but don't deallocate, the stream. */
+       /* This also removes the stream for the open file list. */
+       dynmode = 
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+               //              __MASK_BUFMODE |                /* TODO: check */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+               (stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_FREEBUF|__FLAG_FREEFILE));
+
+       stream->modeflags &= ~(__FLAG_FREEBUF|__FLAG_FREEFILE);
+       fclose(stream);                         /* Failures are ignored. */
+       stream->modeflags = dynmode;
+
+       fp = _stdio_fopen(filename, mode, stream, -2); /* TODO -- magic const */
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return fp;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_setbuf
+
+/* Reentrant through setvbuf(). */
+
+void setbuf(FILE * __restrict stream, register char * __restrict buf)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       int mode;
+
+       mode = (buf != NULL) ? _IOFBF : _IONBF;
+       setvbuf(stream, buf, mode, BUFSIZ);
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       /* TODO -- assert on stream? */
+       /* Nothing to do. */
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_setvbuf
+
+/* Reentrant. */
+
+int setvbuf(register FILE * __restrict stream, register char * __restrict buf,
+                       int mode, size_t size)
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+
+       int allocated_buf_flag;
+       int rv = EOF;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+       if (((unsigned int) mode) > 2) { /* Illegal mode. */
+               /* TODO -- set an errno? */
+               goto DONE;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_FLEXIBLE_SETVBUF
+       /* C89 standard requires no ops before setvbuf, but we can be flexible. */
+       /* NOTE: This will trash any chars ungetc'd!!! */
+       /* TODO: hmm could preserve unget count since ungot slots aren't changed (true?)
+        * but this will fail when buffered chars read from a pipe unless the user buf
+        * is big enough to copy everything over. */
+       if (fseek(stream, 0L, SEEK_CUR)) {
+               goto DONE;
+       }
+#else  /* __STDIO_FLEXIBLE_SETVBUF */
+       /*
+        * Note: ANSI/ISO requires setvbuf to be called after opening the file
+        * but before any other operation other than a failed setvbuf call.
+        * We'll cheat here and only test if the wide or narrow mode flag has
+        * been set; i.e. no read or write (or unget or fwide) operations have
+        * taken place.
+        */
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+       if (stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_WIDE|__FLAG_NARROW)) {
+               goto DONE;
+       }
+#else  /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+       /* Note: This only checks if not currently reading or writing. */
+       if (stream->modeflags & (__FLAG_READING|__FLAG_WRITING)) {
+               goto DONE;
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+#endif /* __STDIO_FLEXIBLE_SETVBUF */
+
+       if (mode == _IONBF) {
+               size = 0;
+               buf = NULL;
+       }
+
+       stream->modeflags &= ~(__MASK_BUFMODE); /* Clear current mode */
+       stream->modeflags |= mode * __FLAG_LBF; /* and set new one. */
+
+       allocated_buf_flag = 0;
+       if ((!buf) && (size != (stream->bufend - stream->bufstart))) {
+               /* No buffer supplied and requested size different from current. */
+               allocated_buf_flag = __FLAG_FREEBUF;
+               /* If size == 0, create a (hopefully) bogus non-null pointer... */
+               if (!(buf = ((size > 0) ? malloc(size) : ((char *)NULL) + 1))) {
+                       goto DONE;              /* Keep current buffer. */
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* TODO: setvbuf "signal" safety */
+       if (buf && (buf != (char *) stream->bufstart)) { /* Want new buffer. */
+               if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_FREEBUF) {
+                       stream->modeflags &= ~(__FLAG_FREEBUF);
+                       free(stream->bufstart);
+               }
+               stream->modeflags |= allocated_buf_flag;        /* Free-able buffer? */
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+               stream->bufgetc =
+#endif
+#ifdef __STDIO_PUTC_MACRO
+               stream->bufputc =
+#endif
+               stream->bufwpos = stream->bufrpos = stream->bufstart = buf;
+               stream->bufend = buf + size;
+       }
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+       rv = 0;
+
+ DONE:
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return rv;
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+       /* TODO -- set errno for illegal mode? */
+
+       return EOF;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************
+int fprintf(FILE * __restrict stream, const char * __restrict format, ...);
+int fscanf(FILE * __restrict stream, const char * __restrict format, ...);
+int printf(const char * __restrict format, ...);
+int scanf(const char * __restrict format, ...);
+int snprintf(char * __restrict s, size_t n,
+                                       const char * __restrict format, ...);
+int sprintf(char * __restrict s, const char * __restrict format, ...);
+int sscanf(char * __restrict s, const char * __restrict format, ...);
+int vfprintf(FILE * __restrict stream, const char * __restrict format,
+                                       va_list arg);
+int vfscanf(FILE * __restrict stream, const char * __restrict format,
+                                  va_list arg);
+int vprintf(const char * __restrict format, va_list arg);
+int vscanf(const char * __restrict format, va_list arg);
+int vsnprintf(char * __restrict s, size_t n,
+                                        const char * __restrict format, va_list arg);
+int vsprintf(char * __restrict s, const char * __restrict format,
+                                       va_list arg);
+int vsscanf(char * __restrict s, const char * __restrict format,
+                                  va_list arg);
+**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fgetc
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(int,fgetc,(FILE *stream),(stream))
+{
+       unsigned char buf[1];
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+
+       return (fread(buf, (size_t) 1, (size_t) 1, stream) > 0) ? *buf : EOF;
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+
+       return (_stdio_fread(buf, (size_t) 1, stream) > 0) ? *buf : EOF;
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fgets
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(char *,fgets,
+                (char *__restrict s, int n, register FILE * __restrict stream),
+                (s, n, stream))
+{
+       register char *p;
+       int c;
+
+       p = s;
+       while ((n > 1) && ((c = getc(stream)) != EOF) && ((*p++ = c) != '\n')) {
+               --n;
+       }
+       if (p == s) {
+               /* TODO -- should we set errno? */
+/*             if (n <= 0) { */
+/*                     errno = EINVAL; */
+/*             } */
+               return NULL;
+       }
+       *p = 0;
+       return s;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fputc
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(int,fputc,(int c, FILE *stream),(c,stream))
+{
+       unsigned char buf[1];
+
+       *buf = (unsigned char) c;
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+
+       return (fwrite(buf, (size_t) 1, (size_t) 1, stream) > 0) ? (*buf) : EOF;
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+
+       return (_stdio_fwrite(buf, (size_t) 1, stream) > 0) ? (*buf) : EOF;
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+}
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fputs
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(int,fputs,
+                (register const char * __restrict s, FILE * __restrict stream),
+                (s, stream))
+{
+       size_t n = strlen(s);
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+
+       return (fwrite(s, n, (size_t) 1, stream) > 0) ? n : EOF;
+
+#else  /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+
+       return (_stdio_fwrite(s, n, stream) == n) ? n : EOF;
+
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_getc
+#undef getc
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(int,getc,(register FILE *stream),(stream))
+{
+       return __GETC(stream);          /* Invoke the macro. */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_getchar
+#undef getchar                                 /* Just in case. */
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED_STREAM(int,getchar,(void),(),_stdin)
+{
+       register FILE *stream = _stdin; /* This helps bcc optimize. */
+
+       return __GETC(stream);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_gets
+
+link_warning(gets, "the 'gets' function is dangerous and should not be used.")
+
+/* Reentrant. */
+
+char *gets(char *s)                            /* WARNING!!! UNSAFE FUNCTION!!! */
+{
+       register FILE *stream = _stdin; /* This helps bcc optimize. */
+       register char *p = s;
+       int c;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       /* Note: don't worry about performance here... this shouldn't be used!
+        * Therefore, force actual function call. */
+       while (((c = (*getc)(stream)) != EOF) && ((*p = c) != '\n')) {
+               ++p;
+       }
+       if ((c == EOF) || (s == p)) {
+               s = NULL;
+       } else {
+               *p = 0;
+       }
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return s;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_putc
+#undef putc
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(int,putc,(int c, register FILE *stream),(c,stream))
+{
+       return __PUTC(c, stream);       /* Invoke the macro. */
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_putchar
+#undef putchar                                 /* Just in case. */
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED_STREAM(int,putchar,(int c),(c),_stdout)
+{
+       register FILE *stream = _stdout; /* This helps bcc optimize. */
+
+       return __PUTC(c, stream);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_puts
+
+/* Reentrant. */
+
+int puts(register const char *s)
+{
+       register FILE *stream = _stdout; /* This helps bcc optimize. */
+       int n;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       n = fputs(s,stream) + 1;
+       if (
+#if 1
+               fputc('\n',stream)
+#else
+               fputs("\n",stream)
+#endif
+               == EOF) {
+               n = EOF;
+       }
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return n;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_ungetc
+/*
+ * Note: This is the application-callable ungetc.  If scanf calls this, it
+ * should also set stream->ungot[1] to 0 if this is the only ungot.
+ */
+
+/* Reentrant. */
+
+int ungetc(int c, register FILE *stream)
+{
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WIDE) {
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR;
+               c = EOF;
+               goto DONE;
+       }
+       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_NARROW;
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+
+       /* If can't read or there's been an error, or c == EOF, or ungot slots
+        * already filled, then return EOF */
+       if ((stream->modeflags
+                & (__MASK_UNGOT2|__FLAG_WRITEONLY
+#ifndef __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION
+                       |__FLAG_WRITING         /* Note: technically no, but yes in spirit */
+#endif /* __STDIO_AUTO_RW_TRANSITION */
+                       ))
+               || ((stream->modeflags & __MASK_UNGOT1) && (stream->ungot[1]))
+               || (c == EOF) ) {
+               c = EOF;
+               goto DONE;;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+                                                               /* TODO: shouldn't allow writing??? */
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WRITING) {
+               fflush(stream);                 /* Commit any write-buffered chars. */
+       }
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+
+       /* Clear EOF and WRITING flags, and set READING FLAG */
+       stream->modeflags &= ~(__FLAG_EOF|__FLAG_WRITING);
+       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_READING;
+       stream->ungot[1] = 1;           /* Flag as app ungetc call; scanf fixes up. */
+       stream->ungot[(stream->modeflags++) & __MASK_UNGOT] = c;
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       stream->bufgetc = stream->bufstart;     /* Must disable getc macro. */
+#endif
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+ DONE:
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return c;
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fread
+/* NOTE: Surely ptr cannot point to a buffer of size > SIZE_MAX.
+ * Therefore, we treat the case size * nmemb > SIZE_MAX as an error,
+ * and include an assert() for it. */
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(size_t,fread,
+                (void * __restrict ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb,
+                 FILE * __restrict stream),
+                (ptr,size,nmemb,stream))
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WIDE) {
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR;
+               /* TODO -- errno?  it this correct? */
+               return 0;
+       }
+       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_NARROW;
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+
+       return (size == 0)
+               ? 0
+               : (     assert( ((size_t)(-1)) / size >= nmemb ),
+                       _stdio_fread(ptr, nmemb * size, stream) / size );
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fwrite
+/* NOTE: Surely ptr cannot point to a buffer of size > SIZE_MAX.
+ * Therefore, we treat the case size * nmemb > SIZE_MAX as an error,
+ * and include an assert() for it. */
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(size_t,fwrite,
+                (const void * __restrict ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb,
+                 FILE * __restrict stream),
+                (ptr,size,nmemb,stream))
+{
+#ifdef __STDIO_WIDE
+       if (stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WIDE) {
+               stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_ERROR;
+               /* TODO -- errno?  it this correct? */
+               return 0;
+       }
+       stream->modeflags |= __FLAG_NARROW;
+#endif /* __STDIO_WIDE */
+
+       return (size == 0)
+               ? 0
+               : (     assert( ((size_t)(-1)) / size >= nmemb ),
+                       _stdio_fwrite(ptr, nmemb * size, stream) / size );
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#if defined(L_fgetpos) || defined(L_fgetpos64)
+
+/* Reentrant -- fgetpos() and fgetpos64(). */
+
+#if defined(L_fgetpos) && defined(L_fgetpos64)
+#error L_fgetpos and L_fgetpos64 are defined simultaneously!
+#endif
+
+#ifndef L_fgetpos64
+#define fgetpos64      fgetpos
+#define fpos64_t       fpos_t
+#define ftello64       ftell
+#endif
+
+
+int fgetpos64(FILE * __restrict stream, register fpos64_t * __restrict pos)
+{
+       int retval;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       retval = ((pos != NULL) && ((pos->__pos = ftello64(stream)) >= 0))
+               ? (
+#ifdef __STDIO_MBSTATE_DATA
+                  __COPY_MBSTATE(&(pos->__mbstate), &(stream->mbstate)),
+#endif /* __STDIO_MBSTATE_DATA */
+                  0)
+               : (__set_errno(EINVAL), -1);
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return retval;
+}
+
+#ifndef L_fgetpos64
+#undef fgetpos64
+#undef fpos64_t
+#undef ftello64
+#endif
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_fseek
+strong_alias(fseek, fseeko);
+#endif
+
+#if defined(L_fseek) && defined(__STDIO_LARGE_FILES)
+
+int fseek(register FILE *stream, long int offset, int whence)
+{
+       return fseeko64(stream, offset, whence);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined(L_fseeko64) || (defined(L_fseek) && !defined(__STDIO_LARGE_FILES))
+
+#ifndef L_fseeko64
+#define fseeko64       fseek
+#define __off64_t      long int
+#endif
+
+/* Reentrant -- fseek(), fseeko(), fseeko64() */
+
+int fseeko64(register FILE *stream, __off64_t offset, int whence)
+{
+#if SEEK_SET != 0 || SEEK_CUR != 1 || SEEK_END != 2
+#error Assumption violated -- values of SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END
+#endif
+       __offmax_t pos[1];
+       int retval;
+
+       if ( ((unsigned int) whence) > 2 ) {
+               __set_errno(EINVAL);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+       retval = -1;
+       *pos = offset;
+       if (
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+               /* First commit any pending buffered writes. */
+               ((stream->modeflags & __FLAG_WRITING) && fflush(stream)) ||
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+               ((whence == SEEK_CUR) && (_stdio_adjpos(stream, pos) < 0))
+               || (_stdio_lseek(stream, pos, whence) < 0)
+               ) {
+               __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+               goto DONE;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_BUFFERS
+       /* only needed if reading but do it anyway to avoid test */
+#ifdef __STDIO_GETC_MACRO
+       stream->bufgetc =                       /* Must disable getc. */
+#endif
+       stream->bufwpos = stream->bufrpos = stream->bufstart;
+#endif /* __STDIO_BUFFERS */
+
+       stream->modeflags &=
+               ~(__FLAG_READING|__FLAG_WRITING|__FLAG_EOF|__MASK_UNGOT);
+
+#ifdef __STDIO_MBSTATE_DATA
+       /* TODO: don't clear state if don't move? */
+       __INIT_MBSTATE(&(stream->mbstate));
+#endif /* __STDIO_MBSTATE_DATA */
+       __stdio_validate_FILE(stream); /* debugging only */
+
+       retval = 0;
+
+ DONE:
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return retval;
+}
+
+#ifndef L_fseeko64
+#undef fseeko64
+#undef __off64_t
+#endif
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#if defined(L_fsetpos) || defined(L_fsetpos64)
+
+#if defined(L_fsetpos) && defined(L_fsetpos64)
+#error L_fsetpos and L_fsetpos64 are defined simultaneously!
+#endif
+
+#ifndef L_fsetpos64
+#define fsetpos64      fsetpos
+#define fpos64_t       fpos_t
+#define fseeko64       fseek
+#endif
+
+/* Reentrant -- fgetpos{64}() through fseek{64}(). */
+
+int fsetpos64(FILE *stream, register const fpos64_t *pos)
+{
+       if (!pos) {
+               __set_errno(EINVAL);
+               return EOF;
+       }
+#ifdef __STDIO_MBSTATE_DATA
+#error unimplemented and non-reentrant besides!
+       {
+               int retval;
+               if ((retval = fseeko64(stream, pos->__pos, SEEK_SET)) == 0) {
+                       __COPY_MBSTATE(&(stream->mbstate), &(pos->__mbstate));
+               }
+               return retval;
+       }
+#else  /* __STDIO_MBSTATE_DATA */
+       return fseeko64(stream, pos->__pos, SEEK_SET);
+#endif /* __STDIO_MBSTATE_DATA */
+}
+
+#ifndef L_fsetpos64
+#undef fsetpos64
+#undef fpos64_t
+#undef fseeko64
+#endif
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_ftell
+strong_alias(ftell, ftello);
+#endif
+
+#if defined(L_ftell) && defined(__STDIO_LARGE_FILES)
+long int ftell(register FILE *stream)
+{
+       __offmax_t pos = ftello64(stream);
+
+       return (pos == ((long int) pos)) ? pos : (__set_errno(EOVERFLOW), -1);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(L_ftello64) || (defined(L_ftell) && !defined(__STDIO_LARGE_FILES))
+
+#ifndef L_ftello64
+#define ftello64       ftell
+#define __off64_t      long int
+#endif
+
+/* Reentrant -- ftell, ftello, ftello64. */
+
+__off64_t ftello64(register FILE *stream)
+{
+       __offmax_t pos[1];
+       __off64_t retval;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       retval = (((*pos = 0), (_stdio_lseek(stream, pos, SEEK_CUR) < 0))
+                         || (_stdio_adjpos(stream, pos) < 0)) ? -1 : *pos;
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+
+       return retval;
+}
+
+#ifndef L_ftello64
+#undef ftello64
+#undef __off64_t
+#endif
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_rewind
+
+void rewind(register FILE *stream)
+{
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stream);
+
+       __CLEARERR(stream);                     /* Clear errors first and then seek */
+       fseek(stream, 0L, SEEK_SET); /* in case there is an error seeking. */
+
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stream);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_clearerr
+#undef clearerr
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED_VOID_RETURN() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED_VOID_RETURN(clearerr,(FILE *stream),(stream))
+{
+       __CLEARERR(stream);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_feof
+#undef feof
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(int,feof,(FILE *stream),(stream))
+{
+       return __FEOF(stream);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_ferror
+#undef ferror
+
+/* Reentrancy handled by UNLOCKED() macro. */
+
+UNLOCKED(int,ferror,(FILE *stream),(stream))
+{
+       return __FERROR(stream);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L_perror
+
+/* TODO -- not allowed to interfere with static storage of strerror(). */
+
+void perror(register const char *s)
+{
+       /* If the program is calling perror, it's a safe bet that printf and
+        * friends are used as well.  It is also possible that the calling
+        * program could buffer stderr, or reassign it. */
+
+       register const char *sep;
+
+       sep = ": ";
+       if (!(s && *s)) {                       /* Caller did not supply a prefix message */
+               s = (sep += 2);                 /* or passed an empty string. */
+       }
+
+#if 1
+#ifdef __STDIO_PRINTF_M_SPEC
+       fprintf(_stderr, "%s%s%m\n", s, sep); /* Use the gnu %m feature. */
+#else
+       /* TODO: use strerror_r instead? */
+       fprintf(_stderr, "%s%s%s\n", s, sep, strerror(errno));
+#endif
+#else
+       /* Note: Assumes stderr not closed or buffered. */
+       __STDIO_THREADLOCK(stderr);
+       _stdio_fdout(STDERR_FILENO, s, sep, strerror(errno));
+       __STDIO_THREADUNLOCK(stderr);
+#endif
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* UTILITY funcs */
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__stdio_fdout
+
+/* Not reentrant -- TODO: lock associated stream if a know file descriptor? */
+
+void _stdio_fdout(int fd, ...)
+{
+       va_list arg;
+       const char *p;
+
+       va_start(arg, fd);
+       while ((p = va_arg(arg, const char *)) != NULL) {
+               write(fd, p, strlen(p));
+       }
+       va_end(arg);
+}
+
+#endif
+/**********************************************************************/
+#ifdef L__uintmaxtostr
+
+/* Avoid using long long / and % operations to cut down dependencies on
+ * libgcc.a.  Definitely helps on i386 at least. */
+#if (UINTMAX_MAX > UINT_MAX) && ((UINTMAX_MAX/UINT_MAX) - 2 <= UINT_MAX)
+#define INTERNAL_DIV_MOD
+#endif
+
+char *_uintmaxtostr(char * __restrict bufend, uintmax_t uval,
+                                        int base, __UIM_CASE alphacase)
+{
+    int negative;
+    unsigned int digit;
+#ifdef INTERNAL_DIV_MOD
+       unsigned int H, L, high, low, rh;
+#endif
+
+       negative = 0;
+       if (base < 0) {                         /* signed value */
+               base = -base;
+               if (uval > INTMAX_MAX) {
+                       uval = -uval;
+                       negative = 1;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* this is an internal routine -- we shouldn't need to check this */
+       assert(!((base < 2) || (base > 36)));
+
+    *bufend = '\0';
+
+#ifndef INTERNAL_DIV_MOD
+    do {
+               digit = uval % base;
+               uval /= base;
+
+               *--bufend = ( (digit < 10) ? digit + '0' : digit + alphacase );
+    } while (uval);
+
+#else  /* ************************************************** */
+
+       H = (UINT_MAX / base);
+       L = UINT_MAX % base + 1;
+       if (L == base) {
+               ++H;
+               L = 0;
+       }
+       low = (unsigned int) uval;
+       high = (unsigned int) (uval >> (sizeof(unsigned int) * CHAR_BIT));
+
+    do {
+               rh = high % base;
+               high /= base;
+               digit = (low % base) + (L * rh);
+               low = (low / base) + (H * rh) + (digit / base);
+               digit %= base;
+               
+               *--bufend = ( (digit < 10) ? digit + '0' : digit + alphacase );
+    } while (low | high);
+
+#endif /******************************************************/
+
+    if (negative) {
+               *--bufend = '-';
+    }
+
+    return bufend;
+}
+#undef INTERNAL_DIV_MOD
+
+#endif