* tree.h (EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE): New macro.

[pf3gnuchains/gcc-fork.git] / gcc / gimplify.c

/* Tree lowering pass.  This pass converts the GENERIC functions-as-trees
   tree representation into the GIMPLE form.
   Copyright (C) 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   Major work done by Sebastian Pop <s.pop@laposte.net>,
   Diego Novillo <dnovillo@redhat.com> and Jason Merrill <jason@redhat.com>.

This file is part of GCC.

GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later
version.

GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include "config.h"
#include "system.h"
#include "coretypes.h"
#include "tm.h"
#include "tree.h"
#include "gimple.h"
#include "tree-iterator.h"
#include "tree-inline.h"
#include "tree-pretty-print.h"
#include "langhooks.h"
#include "tree-flow.h"
#include "cgraph.h"
#include "timevar.h"
#include "hashtab.h"
#include "flags.h"
#include "function.h"
#include "output.h"
#include "ggc.h"
#include "diagnostic-core.h"
#include "toplev.h"
#include "target.h"
#include "pointer-set.h"
#include "splay-tree.h"
#include "vec.h"
#include "gimple.h"
#include "tree-pass.h"

#include "langhooks-def.h"      /* FIXME: for lhd_set_decl_assembler_name.  */
#include "expr.h"               /* FIXME: for can_move_by_pieces
                                   and STACK_CHECK_MAX_VAR_SIZE.  */

enum gimplify_omp_var_data
{
  GOVD_SEEN = 1,
  GOVD_EXPLICIT = 2,
  GOVD_SHARED = 4,
  GOVD_PRIVATE = 8,
  GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE = 16,
  GOVD_LASTPRIVATE = 32,
  GOVD_REDUCTION = 64,
  GOVD_LOCAL = 128,
  GOVD_DEBUG_PRIVATE = 256,
  GOVD_PRIVATE_OUTER_REF = 512,
  GOVD_DATA_SHARE_CLASS = (GOVD_SHARED | GOVD_PRIVATE | GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE
                           | GOVD_LASTPRIVATE | GOVD_REDUCTION | GOVD_LOCAL)
};


enum omp_region_type
{
  ORT_WORKSHARE = 0,
  ORT_PARALLEL = 2,
  ORT_COMBINED_PARALLEL = 3,
  ORT_TASK = 4,
  ORT_UNTIED_TASK = 5
};

struct gimplify_omp_ctx
{
  struct gimplify_omp_ctx *outer_context;
  splay_tree variables;
  struct pointer_set_t *privatized_types;
  location_t location;
  enum omp_clause_default_kind default_kind;
  enum omp_region_type region_type;
};

static struct gimplify_ctx *gimplify_ctxp;
static struct gimplify_omp_ctx *gimplify_omp_ctxp;


/* Formal (expression) temporary table handling: Multiple occurrences of
   the same scalar expression are evaluated into the same temporary.  */

typedef struct gimple_temp_hash_elt
{
  tree val;   /* Key */
  tree temp;  /* Value */
} elt_t;

/* Forward declarations.  */
static enum gimplify_status gimplify_compound_expr (tree *, gimple_seq *, bool);

/* Mark X addressable.  Unlike the langhook we expect X to be in gimple
   form and we don't do any syntax checking.  */
void
mark_addressable (tree x)
{
  while (handled_component_p (x))
    x = TREE_OPERAND (x, 0);
  if (TREE_CODE (x) == MEM_REF
      && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (x, 0)) == ADDR_EXPR)
    x = TREE_OPERAND (TREE_OPERAND (x, 0), 0);
  if (TREE_CODE (x) != VAR_DECL
      && TREE_CODE (x) != PARM_DECL
      && TREE_CODE (x) != RESULT_DECL)
    return;
  TREE_ADDRESSABLE (x) = 1;
}

/* Return a hash value for a formal temporary table entry.  */

static hashval_t
gimple_tree_hash (const void *p)
{
  tree t = ((const elt_t *) p)->val;
  return iterative_hash_expr (t, 0);
}

/* Compare two formal temporary table entries.  */

static int
gimple_tree_eq (const void *p1, const void *p2)
{
  tree t1 = ((const elt_t *) p1)->val;
  tree t2 = ((const elt_t *) p2)->val;
  enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (t1);

  if (TREE_CODE (t2) != code
      || TREE_TYPE (t1) != TREE_TYPE (t2))
    return 0;

  if (!operand_equal_p (t1, t2, 0))
    return 0;

  /* Only allow them to compare equal if they also hash equal; otherwise
     results are nondeterminate, and we fail bootstrap comparison.  */
  gcc_assert (gimple_tree_hash (p1) == gimple_tree_hash (p2));

  return 1;
}

/* Link gimple statement GS to the end of the sequence *SEQ_P.  If
   *SEQ_P is NULL, a new sequence is allocated.  This function is
   similar to gimple_seq_add_stmt, but does not scan the operands.
   During gimplification, we need to manipulate statement sequences
   before the def/use vectors have been constructed.  */

void
gimplify_seq_add_stmt (gimple_seq *seq_p, gimple gs)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator si;

  if (gs == NULL)
    return;

  if (*seq_p == NULL)
    *seq_p = gimple_seq_alloc ();

  si = gsi_last (*seq_p);

  gsi_insert_after_without_update (&si, gs, GSI_NEW_STMT);
}

/* Append sequence SRC to the end of sequence *DST_P.  If *DST_P is
   NULL, a new sequence is allocated.   This function is
   similar to gimple_seq_add_seq, but does not scan the operands.
   During gimplification, we need to manipulate statement sequences
   before the def/use vectors have been constructed.  */

static void
gimplify_seq_add_seq (gimple_seq *dst_p, gimple_seq src)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator si;

  if (src == NULL)
    return;

  if (*dst_p == NULL)
    *dst_p = gimple_seq_alloc ();

  si = gsi_last (*dst_p);
  gsi_insert_seq_after_without_update (&si, src, GSI_NEW_STMT);
}

/* Set up a context for the gimplifier.  */

void
push_gimplify_context (struct gimplify_ctx *c)
{
  memset (c, '\0', sizeof (*c));
  c->prev_context = gimplify_ctxp;
  gimplify_ctxp = c;
}

/* Tear down a context for the gimplifier.  If BODY is non-null, then
   put the temporaries into the outer BIND_EXPR.  Otherwise, put them
   in the local_decls.

   BODY is not a sequence, but the first tuple in a sequence.  */

void
pop_gimplify_context (gimple body)
{
  struct gimplify_ctx *c = gimplify_ctxp;

  gcc_assert (c && (c->bind_expr_stack == NULL
                    || VEC_empty (gimple, c->bind_expr_stack)));
  VEC_free (gimple, heap, c->bind_expr_stack);
  gimplify_ctxp = c->prev_context;

  if (body)
    declare_vars (c->temps, body, false);
  else
    record_vars (c->temps);

  if (c->temp_htab)
    htab_delete (c->temp_htab);
}

static void
gimple_push_bind_expr (gimple gimple_bind)
{
  if (gimplify_ctxp->bind_expr_stack == NULL)
    gimplify_ctxp->bind_expr_stack = VEC_alloc (gimple, heap, 8);
  VEC_safe_push (gimple, heap, gimplify_ctxp->bind_expr_stack, gimple_bind);
}

static void
gimple_pop_bind_expr (void)
{
  VEC_pop (gimple, gimplify_ctxp->bind_expr_stack);
}

gimple
gimple_current_bind_expr (void)
{
  return VEC_last (gimple, gimplify_ctxp->bind_expr_stack);
}

/* Return the stack GIMPLE_BINDs created during gimplification.  */

VEC(gimple, heap) *
gimple_bind_expr_stack (void)
{
  return gimplify_ctxp->bind_expr_stack;
}

/* Returns true iff there is a COND_EXPR between us and the innermost
   CLEANUP_POINT_EXPR.  This info is used by gimple_push_cleanup.  */

static bool
gimple_conditional_context (void)
{
  return gimplify_ctxp->conditions > 0;
}

/* Note that we've entered a COND_EXPR.  */

static void
gimple_push_condition (void)
{
#ifdef ENABLE_GIMPLE_CHECKING
  if (gimplify_ctxp->conditions == 0)
    gcc_assert (gimple_seq_empty_p (gimplify_ctxp->conditional_cleanups));
#endif
  ++(gimplify_ctxp->conditions);
}

/* Note that we've left a COND_EXPR.  If we're back at unconditional scope
   now, add any conditional cleanups we've seen to the prequeue.  */

static void
gimple_pop_condition (gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  int conds = --(gimplify_ctxp->conditions);

  gcc_assert (conds >= 0);
  if (conds == 0)
    {
      gimplify_seq_add_seq (pre_p, gimplify_ctxp->conditional_cleanups);
      gimplify_ctxp->conditional_cleanups = NULL;
    }
}

/* A stable comparison routine for use with splay trees and DECLs.  */

static int
splay_tree_compare_decl_uid (splay_tree_key xa, splay_tree_key xb)
{
  tree a = (tree) xa;
  tree b = (tree) xb;

  return DECL_UID (a) - DECL_UID (b);
}

/* Create a new omp construct that deals with variable remapping.  */

static struct gimplify_omp_ctx *
new_omp_context (enum omp_region_type region_type)
{
  struct gimplify_omp_ctx *c;

  c = XCNEW (struct gimplify_omp_ctx);
  c->outer_context = gimplify_omp_ctxp;
  c->variables = splay_tree_new (splay_tree_compare_decl_uid, 0, 0);
  c->privatized_types = pointer_set_create ();
  c->location = input_location;
  c->region_type = region_type;
  if ((region_type & ORT_TASK) == 0)
    c->default_kind = OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT_SHARED;
  else
    c->default_kind = OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED;

  return c;
}

/* Destroy an omp construct that deals with variable remapping.  */

static void
delete_omp_context (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *c)
{
  splay_tree_delete (c->variables);
  pointer_set_destroy (c->privatized_types);
  XDELETE (c);
}

static void omp_add_variable (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *, tree, unsigned int);
static bool omp_notice_variable (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *, tree, bool);

/* Both gimplify the statement T and append it to *SEQ_P.  This function
   behaves exactly as gimplify_stmt, but you don't have to pass T as a
   reference.  */

void
gimplify_and_add (tree t, gimple_seq *seq_p)
{
  gimplify_stmt (&t, seq_p);
}

/* Gimplify statement T into sequence *SEQ_P, and return the first
   tuple in the sequence of generated tuples for this statement.
   Return NULL if gimplifying T produced no tuples.  */

static gimple
gimplify_and_return_first (tree t, gimple_seq *seq_p)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator last = gsi_last (*seq_p);

  gimplify_and_add (t, seq_p);

  if (!gsi_end_p (last))
    {
      gsi_next (&last);
      return gsi_stmt (last);
    }
  else
    return gimple_seq_first_stmt (*seq_p);
}

/* Strip off a legitimate source ending from the input string NAME of
   length LEN.  Rather than having to know the names used by all of
   our front ends, we strip off an ending of a period followed by
   up to five characters.  (Java uses ".class".)  */

static inline void
remove_suffix (char *name, int len)
{
  int i;

  for (i = 2;  i < 8 && len > i;  i++)
    {
      if (name[len - i] == '.')
        {
          name[len - i] = '\0';
          break;
        }
    }
}

/* Create a new temporary name with PREFIX.  Returns an identifier.  */

static GTY(()) unsigned int tmp_var_id_num;

tree
create_tmp_var_name (const char *prefix)
{
  char *tmp_name;

  if (prefix)
    {
      char *preftmp = ASTRDUP (prefix);

      remove_suffix (preftmp, strlen (preftmp));
      prefix = preftmp;
    }

  ASM_FORMAT_PRIVATE_NAME (tmp_name, prefix ? prefix : "T", tmp_var_id_num++);
  return get_identifier (tmp_name);
}


/* Create a new temporary variable declaration of type TYPE.
   Does NOT push it into the current binding.  */

tree
create_tmp_var_raw (tree type, const char *prefix)
{
  tree tmp_var;
  tree new_type;

  /* Make the type of the variable writable.  */
  new_type = build_type_variant (type, 0, 0);
  TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (new_type) = TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (type);

  tmp_var = build_decl (input_location,
                        VAR_DECL, prefix ? create_tmp_var_name (prefix) : NULL,
                        type);

  /* The variable was declared by the compiler.  */
  DECL_ARTIFICIAL (tmp_var) = 1;
  /* And we don't want debug info for it.  */
  DECL_IGNORED_P (tmp_var) = 1;

  /* Make the variable writable.  */
  TREE_READONLY (tmp_var) = 0;

  DECL_EXTERNAL (tmp_var) = 0;
  TREE_STATIC (tmp_var) = 0;
  TREE_USED (tmp_var) = 1;

  return tmp_var;
}

/* Create a new temporary variable declaration of type TYPE.  DOES push the
   variable into the current binding.  Further, assume that this is called
   only from gimplification or optimization, at which point the creation of
   certain types are bugs.  */

tree
create_tmp_var (tree type, const char *prefix)
{
  tree tmp_var;

  /* We don't allow types that are addressable (meaning we can't make copies),
     or incomplete.  We also used to reject every variable size objects here,
     but now support those for which a constant upper bound can be obtained.
     The processing for variable sizes is performed in gimple_add_tmp_var,
     point at which it really matters and possibly reached via paths not going
     through this function, e.g. after direct calls to create_tmp_var_raw.  */
  gcc_assert (!TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type) && COMPLETE_TYPE_P (type));

  tmp_var = create_tmp_var_raw (type, prefix);
  gimple_add_tmp_var (tmp_var);
  return tmp_var;
}

/* Create a new temporary variable declaration of type TYPE by calling
   create_tmp_var and if TYPE is a vector or a complex number, mark the new
   temporary as gimple register.  */

tree
create_tmp_reg (tree type, const char *prefix)
{
  tree tmp;

  tmp = create_tmp_var (type, prefix);
  if (TREE_CODE (type) == COMPLEX_TYPE
      || TREE_CODE (type) == VECTOR_TYPE)
    DECL_GIMPLE_REG_P (tmp) = 1;

  return tmp;
}

/* Create a temporary with a name derived from VAL.  Subroutine of
   lookup_tmp_var; nobody else should call this function.  */

static inline tree
create_tmp_from_val (tree val)
{
  return create_tmp_var (TREE_TYPE (val), get_name (val));
}

/* Create a temporary to hold the value of VAL.  If IS_FORMAL, try to reuse
   an existing expression temporary.  */

static tree
lookup_tmp_var (tree val, bool is_formal)
{
  tree ret;

  /* If not optimizing, never really reuse a temporary.  local-alloc
     won't allocate any variable that is used in more than one basic
     block, which means it will go into memory, causing much extra
     work in reload and final and poorer code generation, outweighing
     the extra memory allocation here.  */
  if (!optimize || !is_formal || TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (val))
    ret = create_tmp_from_val (val);
  else
    {
      elt_t elt, *elt_p;
      void **slot;

      elt.val = val;
      if (gimplify_ctxp->temp_htab == NULL)
        gimplify_ctxp->temp_htab
          = htab_create (1000, gimple_tree_hash, gimple_tree_eq, free);
      slot = htab_find_slot (gimplify_ctxp->temp_htab, (void *)&elt, INSERT);
      if (*slot == NULL)
        {
          elt_p = XNEW (elt_t);
          elt_p->val = val;
          elt_p->temp = ret = create_tmp_from_val (val);
          *slot = (void *) elt_p;
        }
      else
        {
          elt_p = (elt_t *) *slot;
          ret = elt_p->temp;
        }
    }

  return ret;
}


/* Return true if T is a CALL_EXPR or an expression that can be
   assigned to a temporary.  Note that this predicate should only be
   used during gimplification.  See the rationale for this in
   gimplify_modify_expr.  */

static bool
is_gimple_reg_rhs_or_call (tree t)
{
  return (get_gimple_rhs_class (TREE_CODE (t)) != GIMPLE_INVALID_RHS
          || TREE_CODE (t) == CALL_EXPR);
}

/* Return true if T is a valid memory RHS or a CALL_EXPR.  Note that
   this predicate should only be used during gimplification.  See the
   rationale for this in gimplify_modify_expr.  */

static bool
is_gimple_mem_rhs_or_call (tree t)
{
  /* If we're dealing with a renamable type, either source or dest must be
     a renamed variable.  */
  if (is_gimple_reg_type (TREE_TYPE (t)))
    return is_gimple_val (t);
  else
    return (is_gimple_val (t) || is_gimple_lvalue (t)
            || TREE_CODE (t) == CALL_EXPR);
}

/* Helper for get_formal_tmp_var and get_initialized_tmp_var.  */

static tree
internal_get_tmp_var (tree val, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p,
                      bool is_formal)
{
  tree t, mod;

  /* Notice that we explicitly allow VAL to be a CALL_EXPR so that we
     can create an INIT_EXPR and convert it into a GIMPLE_CALL below.  */
  gimplify_expr (&val, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_reg_rhs_or_call,
                 fb_rvalue);

  t = lookup_tmp_var (val, is_formal);

  if (is_formal
      && (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (t)) == COMPLEX_TYPE
          || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (t)) == VECTOR_TYPE))
    DECL_GIMPLE_REG_P (t) = 1;

  mod = build2 (INIT_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (t), t, unshare_expr (val));

  SET_EXPR_LOCATION (mod, EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE (val));

  /* gimplify_modify_expr might want to reduce this further.  */
  gimplify_and_add (mod, pre_p);
  ggc_free (mod);

  /* If we're gimplifying into ssa, gimplify_modify_expr will have
     given our temporary an SSA name.  Find and return it.  */
  if (gimplify_ctxp->into_ssa)
    {
      gimple last = gimple_seq_last_stmt (*pre_p);
      t = gimple_get_lhs (last);
    }

  return t;
}

/* Returns a formal temporary variable initialized with VAL.  PRE_P is as
   in gimplify_expr.  Only use this function if:

   1) The value of the unfactored expression represented by VAL will not
      change between the initialization and use of the temporary, and
   2) The temporary will not be otherwise modified.

   For instance, #1 means that this is inappropriate for SAVE_EXPR temps,
   and #2 means it is inappropriate for && temps.

   For other cases, use get_initialized_tmp_var instead.  */

tree
get_formal_tmp_var (tree val, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  return internal_get_tmp_var (val, pre_p, NULL, true);
}

/* Returns a temporary variable initialized with VAL.  PRE_P and POST_P
   are as in gimplify_expr.  */

tree
get_initialized_tmp_var (tree val, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p)
{
  return internal_get_tmp_var (val, pre_p, post_p, false);
}

/* Declares all the variables in VARS in SCOPE.  If DEBUG_INFO is
   true, generate debug info for them; otherwise don't.  */

void
declare_vars (tree vars, gimple scope, bool debug_info)
{
  tree last = vars;
  if (last)
    {
      tree temps, block;

      gcc_assert (gimple_code (scope) == GIMPLE_BIND);

      temps = nreverse (last);

      block = gimple_bind_block (scope);
      gcc_assert (!block || TREE_CODE (block) == BLOCK);
      if (!block || !debug_info)
        {
          DECL_CHAIN (last) = gimple_bind_vars (scope);
          gimple_bind_set_vars (scope, temps);
        }
      else
        {
          /* We need to attach the nodes both to the BIND_EXPR and to its
             associated BLOCK for debugging purposes.  The key point here
             is that the BLOCK_VARS of the BIND_EXPR_BLOCK of a BIND_EXPR
             is a subchain of the BIND_EXPR_VARS of the BIND_EXPR.  */
          if (BLOCK_VARS (block))
            BLOCK_VARS (block) = chainon (BLOCK_VARS (block), temps);
          else
            {
              gimple_bind_set_vars (scope,
                                    chainon (gimple_bind_vars (scope), temps));
              BLOCK_VARS (block) = temps;
            }
        }
    }
}

/* For VAR a VAR_DECL of variable size, try to find a constant upper bound
   for the size and adjust DECL_SIZE/DECL_SIZE_UNIT accordingly.  Abort if
   no such upper bound can be obtained.  */

static void
force_constant_size (tree var)
{
  /* The only attempt we make is by querying the maximum size of objects
     of the variable's type.  */

  HOST_WIDE_INT max_size;

  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (var) == VAR_DECL);

  max_size = max_int_size_in_bytes (TREE_TYPE (var));

  gcc_assert (max_size >= 0);

  DECL_SIZE_UNIT (var)
    = build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (DECL_SIZE_UNIT (var)), max_size);
  DECL_SIZE (var)
    = build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (DECL_SIZE (var)), max_size * BITS_PER_UNIT);
}

void
gimple_add_tmp_var (tree tmp)
{
  gcc_assert (!DECL_CHAIN (tmp) && !DECL_SEEN_IN_BIND_EXPR_P (tmp));

  /* Later processing assumes that the object size is constant, which might
     not be true at this point.  Force the use of a constant upper bound in
     this case.  */
  if (!host_integerp (DECL_SIZE_UNIT (tmp), 1))
    force_constant_size (tmp);

  DECL_CONTEXT (tmp) = current_function_decl;
  DECL_SEEN_IN_BIND_EXPR_P (tmp) = 1;

  if (gimplify_ctxp)
    {
      DECL_CHAIN (tmp) = gimplify_ctxp->temps;
      gimplify_ctxp->temps = tmp;

      /* Mark temporaries local within the nearest enclosing parallel.  */
      if (gimplify_omp_ctxp)
        {
          struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx = gimplify_omp_ctxp;
          while (ctx && ctx->region_type == ORT_WORKSHARE)
            ctx = ctx->outer_context;
          if (ctx)
            omp_add_variable (ctx, tmp, GOVD_LOCAL | GOVD_SEEN);
        }
    }
  else if (cfun)
    record_vars (tmp);
  else
    {
      gimple_seq body_seq;

      /* This case is for nested functions.  We need to expose the locals
         they create.  */
      body_seq = gimple_body (current_function_decl);
      declare_vars (tmp, gimple_seq_first_stmt (body_seq), false);
    }
}

/* Determines whether to assign a location to the statement GS.  */

static bool
should_carry_location_p (gimple gs)
{
  /* Don't emit a line note for a label.  We particularly don't want to
     emit one for the break label, since it doesn't actually correspond
     to the beginning of the loop/switch.  */
  if (gimple_code (gs) == GIMPLE_LABEL)
    return false;

  return true;
}


/* Return true if a location should not be emitted for this statement
   by annotate_one_with_location.  */

static inline bool
gimple_do_not_emit_location_p (gimple g)
{
  return gimple_plf (g, GF_PLF_1);
}

/* Mark statement G so a location will not be emitted by
   annotate_one_with_location.  */

static inline void
gimple_set_do_not_emit_location (gimple g)
{
  /* The PLF flags are initialized to 0 when a new tuple is created,
     so no need to initialize it anywhere.  */
  gimple_set_plf (g, GF_PLF_1, true);
}

/* Set the location for gimple statement GS to LOCATION.  */

static void
annotate_one_with_location (gimple gs, location_t location)
{
  if (!gimple_has_location (gs)
      && !gimple_do_not_emit_location_p (gs)
      && should_carry_location_p (gs))
    gimple_set_location (gs, location);
}


/* Set LOCATION for all the statements after iterator GSI in sequence
   SEQ.  If GSI is pointing to the end of the sequence, start with the
   first statement in SEQ.  */

static void
annotate_all_with_location_after (gimple_seq seq, gimple_stmt_iterator gsi,
                                  location_t location)
{
  if (gsi_end_p (gsi))
    gsi = gsi_start (seq);
  else
    gsi_next (&gsi);

  for (; !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_next (&gsi))
    annotate_one_with_location (gsi_stmt (gsi), location);
}


/* Set the location for all the statements in a sequence STMT_P to LOCATION.  */

void
annotate_all_with_location (gimple_seq stmt_p, location_t location)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator i;

  if (gimple_seq_empty_p (stmt_p))
    return;

  for (i = gsi_start (stmt_p); !gsi_end_p (i); gsi_next (&i))
    {
      gimple gs = gsi_stmt (i);
      annotate_one_with_location (gs, location);
    }
}
\f
/* This page contains routines to unshare tree nodes, i.e. to duplicate tree
   nodes that are referenced more than once in GENERIC functions.  This is
   necessary because gimplification (translation into GIMPLE) is performed
   by modifying tree nodes in-place, so gimplication of a shared node in a
   first context could generate an invalid GIMPLE form in a second context.

   This is achieved with a simple mark/copy/unmark algorithm that walks the
   GENERIC representation top-down, marks nodes with TREE_VISITED the first
   time it encounters them, duplicates them if they already have TREE_VISITED
   set, and finally removes the TREE_VISITED marks it has set.

   The algorithm works only at the function level, i.e. it generates a GENERIC
   representation of a function with no nodes shared within the function when
   passed a GENERIC function (except for nodes that are allowed to be shared).

   At the global level, it is also necessary to unshare tree nodes that are
   referenced in more than one function, for the same aforementioned reason.
   This requires some cooperation from the front-end.  There are 2 strategies:

     1. Manual unsharing.  The front-end needs to call unshare_expr on every
        expression that might end up being shared across functions.

     2. Deep unsharing.  This is an extension of regular unsharing.  Instead
        of calling unshare_expr on expressions that might be shared across
        functions, the front-end pre-marks them with TREE_VISITED.  This will
        ensure that they are unshared on the first reference within functions
        when the regular unsharing algorithm runs.  The counterpart is that
        this algorithm must look deeper than for manual unsharing, which is
        specified by LANG_HOOKS_DEEP_UNSHARING.

  If there are only few specific cases of node sharing across functions, it is
  probably easier for a front-end to unshare the expressions manually.  On the
  contrary, if the expressions generated at the global level are as widespread
  as expressions generated within functions, deep unsharing is very likely the
  way to go.  */

/* Similar to copy_tree_r but do not copy SAVE_EXPR or TARGET_EXPR nodes.
   These nodes model computations that should only be done once.  If we
   were to unshare something like SAVE_EXPR(i++), the gimplification
   process would create wrong code.  */

static tree
mostly_copy_tree_r (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, void *data)
{
  tree t = *tp;
  enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (t);

  /* Do not copy SAVE_EXPR, TARGET_EXPR or BIND_EXPR nodes themselves, but
     copy their subtrees if we can make sure to do it only once.  */
  if (code == SAVE_EXPR || code == TARGET_EXPR || code == BIND_EXPR)
    {
      if (data && !pointer_set_insert ((struct pointer_set_t *)data, t))
        ;
      else
        *walk_subtrees = 0;
    }

  /* Stop at types, decls, constants like copy_tree_r.  */
  else if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (code) == tcc_type
           || TREE_CODE_CLASS (code) == tcc_declaration
           || TREE_CODE_CLASS (code) == tcc_constant
           /* We can't do anything sensible with a BLOCK used as an
              expression, but we also can't just die when we see it
              because of non-expression uses.  So we avert our eyes
              and cross our fingers.  Silly Java.  */
           || code == BLOCK)
    *walk_subtrees = 0;

  /* Cope with the statement expression extension.  */
  else if (code == STATEMENT_LIST)
    ;

  /* Leave the bulk of the work to copy_tree_r itself.  */
  else
    copy_tree_r (tp, walk_subtrees, NULL);

  return NULL_TREE;
}

/* Callback for walk_tree to unshare most of the shared trees rooted at
   *TP.  If *TP has been visited already (i.e., TREE_VISITED (*TP) == 1),
   then *TP is deep copied by calling mostly_copy_tree_r.  */

static tree
copy_if_shared_r (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, void *data)
{
  tree t = *tp;
  enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (t);

  /* Skip types, decls, and constants.  But we do want to look at their
     types and the bounds of types.  Mark them as visited so we properly
     unmark their subtrees on the unmark pass.  If we've already seen them,
     don't look down further.  */
  if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (code) == tcc_type
      || TREE_CODE_CLASS (code) == tcc_declaration
      || TREE_CODE_CLASS (code) == tcc_constant)
    {
      if (TREE_VISITED (t))
        *walk_subtrees = 0;
      else
        TREE_VISITED (t) = 1;
    }

  /* If this node has been visited already, unshare it and don't look
     any deeper.  */
  else if (TREE_VISITED (t))
    {
      walk_tree (tp, mostly_copy_tree_r, data, NULL);
      *walk_subtrees = 0;
    }

  /* Otherwise, mark the node as visited and keep looking.  */
  else
    TREE_VISITED (t) = 1;

  return NULL_TREE;
}

/* Unshare most of the shared trees rooted at *TP. */

static inline void
copy_if_shared (tree *tp)
{
  /* If the language requires deep unsharing, we need a pointer set to make
     sure we don't repeatedly unshare subtrees of unshareable nodes.  */
  struct pointer_set_t *visited
    = lang_hooks.deep_unsharing ? pointer_set_create () : NULL;
  walk_tree (tp, copy_if_shared_r, visited, NULL);
  if (visited)
    pointer_set_destroy (visited);
}

/* Unshare all the trees in BODY_P, a pointer into the body of FNDECL, and the
   bodies of any nested functions if we are unsharing the entire body of
   FNDECL.  */

static void
unshare_body (tree *body_p, tree fndecl)
{
  struct cgraph_node *cgn = cgraph_node (fndecl);

  copy_if_shared (body_p);

  if (body_p == &DECL_SAVED_TREE (fndecl))
    for (cgn = cgn->nested; cgn; cgn = cgn->next_nested)
      unshare_body (&DECL_SAVED_TREE (cgn->decl), cgn->decl);
}

/* Callback for walk_tree to unmark the visited trees rooted at *TP.
   Subtrees are walked until the first unvisited node is encountered.  */

static tree
unmark_visited_r (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, void *data ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
{
  tree t = *tp;

  /* If this node has been visited, unmark it and keep looking.  */
  if (TREE_VISITED (t))
    TREE_VISITED (t) = 0;

  /* Otherwise, don't look any deeper.  */
  else
    *walk_subtrees = 0;

  return NULL_TREE;
}

/* Unmark the visited trees rooted at *TP.  */

static inline void
unmark_visited (tree *tp)
{
  walk_tree (tp, unmark_visited_r, NULL, NULL);
}

/* Likewise, but mark all trees as not visited.  */

static void
unvisit_body (tree *body_p, tree fndecl)
{
  struct cgraph_node *cgn = cgraph_node (fndecl);

  unmark_visited (body_p);

  if (body_p == &DECL_SAVED_TREE (fndecl))
    for (cgn = cgn->nested; cgn; cgn = cgn->next_nested)
      unvisit_body (&DECL_SAVED_TREE (cgn->decl), cgn->decl);
}

/* Unconditionally make an unshared copy of EXPR.  This is used when using
   stored expressions which span multiple functions, such as BINFO_VTABLE,
   as the normal unsharing process can't tell that they're shared.  */

tree
unshare_expr (tree expr)
{
  walk_tree (&expr, mostly_copy_tree_r, NULL, NULL);
  return expr;
}
\f
/* WRAPPER is a code such as BIND_EXPR or CLEANUP_POINT_EXPR which can both
   contain statements and have a value.  Assign its value to a temporary
   and give it void_type_node.  Returns the temporary, or NULL_TREE if
   WRAPPER was already void.  */

tree
voidify_wrapper_expr (tree wrapper, tree temp)
{
  tree type = TREE_TYPE (wrapper);
  if (type && !VOID_TYPE_P (type))
    {
      tree *p;

      /* Set p to point to the body of the wrapper.  Loop until we find
         something that isn't a wrapper.  */
      for (p = &wrapper; p && *p; )
        {
          switch (TREE_CODE (*p))
            {
            case BIND_EXPR:
              TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (*p) = 1;
              TREE_TYPE (*p) = void_type_node;
              /* For a BIND_EXPR, the body is operand 1.  */
              p = &BIND_EXPR_BODY (*p);
              break;

            case CLEANUP_POINT_EXPR:
            case TRY_FINALLY_EXPR:
            case TRY_CATCH_EXPR:
              TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (*p) = 1;
              TREE_TYPE (*p) = void_type_node;
              p = &TREE_OPERAND (*p, 0);
              break;

            case STATEMENT_LIST:
              {
                tree_stmt_iterator i = tsi_last (*p);
                TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (*p) = 1;
                TREE_TYPE (*p) = void_type_node;
                p = tsi_end_p (i) ? NULL : tsi_stmt_ptr (i);
              }
              break;

            case COMPOUND_EXPR:
              /* Advance to the last statement.  Set all container types to void.  */
              for (; TREE_CODE (*p) == COMPOUND_EXPR; p = &TREE_OPERAND (*p, 1))
                {
                  TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (*p) = 1;
                  TREE_TYPE (*p) = void_type_node;
                }
              break;

            default:
              goto out;
            }
        }

    out:
      if (p == NULL || IS_EMPTY_STMT (*p))
        temp = NULL_TREE;
      else if (temp)
        {
          /* The wrapper is on the RHS of an assignment that we're pushing
             down.  */
          gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (temp) == INIT_EXPR
                      || TREE_CODE (temp) == MODIFY_EXPR);
          TREE_OPERAND (temp, 1) = *p;
          *p = temp;
        }
      else
        {
          temp = create_tmp_var (type, "retval");
          *p = build2 (INIT_EXPR, type, temp, *p);
        }

      return temp;
    }

  return NULL_TREE;
}

/* Prepare calls to builtins to SAVE and RESTORE the stack as well as
   a temporary through which they communicate.  */

static void
build_stack_save_restore (gimple *save, gimple *restore)
{
  tree tmp_var;

  *save = gimple_build_call (implicit_built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_STACK_SAVE], 0);
  tmp_var = create_tmp_var (ptr_type_node, "saved_stack");
  gimple_call_set_lhs (*save, tmp_var);

  *restore = gimple_build_call (implicit_built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_STACK_RESTORE],
                            1, tmp_var);
}

/* Gimplify a BIND_EXPR.  Just voidify and recurse.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_bind_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree bind_expr = *expr_p;
  bool old_save_stack = gimplify_ctxp->save_stack;
  tree t;
  gimple gimple_bind;
  gimple_seq body;

  tree temp = voidify_wrapper_expr (bind_expr, NULL);

  /* Mark variables seen in this bind expr.  */
  for (t = BIND_EXPR_VARS (bind_expr); t ; t = DECL_CHAIN (t))
    {
      if (TREE_CODE (t) == VAR_DECL)
        {
          struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx = gimplify_omp_ctxp;

          /* Mark variable as local.  */
          if (ctx && !is_global_var (t)
              && (! DECL_SEEN_IN_BIND_EXPR_P (t)
                  || splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables,
                                        (splay_tree_key) t) == NULL))
            omp_add_variable (gimplify_omp_ctxp, t, GOVD_LOCAL | GOVD_SEEN);

          DECL_SEEN_IN_BIND_EXPR_P (t) = 1;

          if (DECL_HARD_REGISTER (t) && !is_global_var (t) && cfun)
            cfun->has_local_explicit_reg_vars = true;
        }

      /* Preliminarily mark non-addressed complex variables as eligible
         for promotion to gimple registers.  We'll transform their uses
         as we find them.  */
      if ((TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (t)) == COMPLEX_TYPE
           || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (t)) == VECTOR_TYPE)
          && !TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (t)
          && (TREE_CODE (t) == VAR_DECL && !DECL_HARD_REGISTER (t))
          && !needs_to_live_in_memory (t))
        DECL_GIMPLE_REG_P (t) = 1;
    }

  gimple_bind = gimple_build_bind (BIND_EXPR_VARS (bind_expr), NULL,
                                   BIND_EXPR_BLOCK (bind_expr));
  gimple_push_bind_expr (gimple_bind);

  gimplify_ctxp->save_stack = false;

  /* Gimplify the body into the GIMPLE_BIND tuple's body.  */
  body = NULL;
  gimplify_stmt (&BIND_EXPR_BODY (bind_expr), &body);
  gimple_bind_set_body (gimple_bind, body);

  if (gimplify_ctxp->save_stack)
    {
      gimple stack_save, stack_restore, gs;
      gimple_seq cleanup, new_body;

      /* Save stack on entry and restore it on exit.  Add a try_finally
         block to achieve this.  Note that mudflap depends on the
         format of the emitted code: see mx_register_decls().  */
      build_stack_save_restore (&stack_save, &stack_restore);

      cleanup = new_body = NULL;
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&cleanup, stack_restore);
      gs = gimple_build_try (gimple_bind_body (gimple_bind), cleanup,
                             GIMPLE_TRY_FINALLY);

      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&new_body, stack_save);
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&new_body, gs);
      gimple_bind_set_body (gimple_bind, new_body);
    }

  gimplify_ctxp->save_stack = old_save_stack;
  gimple_pop_bind_expr ();

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_bind);

  if (temp)
    {
      *expr_p = temp;
      return GS_OK;
    }

  *expr_p = NULL_TREE;
  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}

/* Gimplify a RETURN_EXPR.  If the expression to be returned is not a
   GIMPLE value, it is assigned to a new temporary and the statement is
   re-written to return the temporary.

   PRE_P points to the sequence where side effects that must happen before
   STMT should be stored.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_return_expr (tree stmt, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  gimple ret;
  tree ret_expr = TREE_OPERAND (stmt, 0);
  tree result_decl, result;

  if (ret_expr == error_mark_node)
    return GS_ERROR;

  if (!ret_expr
      || TREE_CODE (ret_expr) == RESULT_DECL
      || ret_expr == error_mark_node)
    {
      gimple ret = gimple_build_return (ret_expr);
      gimple_set_no_warning (ret, TREE_NO_WARNING (stmt));
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, ret);
      return GS_ALL_DONE;
    }

  if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (current_function_decl))))
    result_decl = NULL_TREE;
  else
    {
      result_decl = TREE_OPERAND (ret_expr, 0);

      /* See through a return by reference.  */
      if (TREE_CODE (result_decl) == INDIRECT_REF)
        result_decl = TREE_OPERAND (result_decl, 0);

      gcc_assert ((TREE_CODE (ret_expr) == MODIFY_EXPR
                   || TREE_CODE (ret_expr) == INIT_EXPR)
                  && TREE_CODE (result_decl) == RESULT_DECL);
    }

  /* If aggregate_value_p is true, then we can return the bare RESULT_DECL.
     Recall that aggregate_value_p is FALSE for any aggregate type that is
     returned in registers.  If we're returning values in registers, then
     we don't want to extend the lifetime of the RESULT_DECL, particularly
     across another call.  In addition, for those aggregates for which
     hard_function_value generates a PARALLEL, we'll die during normal
     expansion of structure assignments; there's special code in expand_return
     to handle this case that does not exist in expand_expr.  */
  if (!result_decl)
    result = NULL_TREE;
  else if (aggregate_value_p (result_decl, TREE_TYPE (current_function_decl)))
    {
      if (TREE_CODE (DECL_SIZE (result_decl)) != INTEGER_CST)
        {
          if (!TYPE_SIZES_GIMPLIFIED (TREE_TYPE (result_decl)))
            gimplify_type_sizes (TREE_TYPE (result_decl), pre_p);
          /* Note that we don't use gimplify_vla_decl because the RESULT_DECL
             should be effectively allocated by the caller, i.e. all calls to
             this function must be subject to the Return Slot Optimization.  */
          gimplify_one_sizepos (&DECL_SIZE (result_decl), pre_p);
          gimplify_one_sizepos (&DECL_SIZE_UNIT (result_decl), pre_p);
        }
      result = result_decl;
    }
  else if (gimplify_ctxp->return_temp)
    result = gimplify_ctxp->return_temp;
  else
    {
      result = create_tmp_reg (TREE_TYPE (result_decl), NULL);

      /* ??? With complex control flow (usually involving abnormal edges),
         we can wind up warning about an uninitialized value for this.  Due
         to how this variable is constructed and initialized, this is never
         true.  Give up and never warn.  */
      TREE_NO_WARNING (result) = 1;

      gimplify_ctxp->return_temp = result;
    }

  /* Smash the lhs of the MODIFY_EXPR to the temporary we plan to use.
     Then gimplify the whole thing.  */
  if (result != result_decl)
    TREE_OPERAND (ret_expr, 0) = result;

  gimplify_and_add (TREE_OPERAND (stmt, 0), pre_p);

  ret = gimple_build_return (result);
  gimple_set_no_warning (ret, TREE_NO_WARNING (stmt));
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, ret);

  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}

static void
gimplify_vla_decl (tree decl, gimple_seq *seq_p)
{
  /* This is a variable-sized decl.  Simplify its size and mark it
     for deferred expansion.  Note that mudflap depends on the format
     of the emitted code: see mx_register_decls().  */
  tree t, addr, ptr_type;

  gimplify_one_sizepos (&DECL_SIZE (decl), seq_p);
  gimplify_one_sizepos (&DECL_SIZE_UNIT (decl), seq_p);

  /* All occurrences of this decl in final gimplified code will be
     replaced by indirection.  Setting DECL_VALUE_EXPR does two
     things: First, it lets the rest of the gimplifier know what
     replacement to use.  Second, it lets the debug info know
     where to find the value.  */
  ptr_type = build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (decl));
  addr = create_tmp_var (ptr_type, get_name (decl));
  DECL_IGNORED_P (addr) = 0;
  t = build_fold_indirect_ref (addr);
  SET_DECL_VALUE_EXPR (decl, t);
  DECL_HAS_VALUE_EXPR_P (decl) = 1;

  t = built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_ALLOCA];
  t = build_call_expr (t, 1, DECL_SIZE_UNIT (decl));
  /* The call has been built for a variable-sized object.  */
  ALLOCA_FOR_VAR_P (t) = 1;
  t = fold_convert (ptr_type, t);
  t = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (addr), addr, t);

  gimplify_and_add (t, seq_p);

  /* Indicate that we need to restore the stack level when the
     enclosing BIND_EXPR is exited.  */
  gimplify_ctxp->save_stack = true;
}


/* Gimplifies a DECL_EXPR node *STMT_P by making any necessary allocation
   and initialization explicit.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_decl_expr (tree *stmt_p, gimple_seq *seq_p)
{
  tree stmt = *stmt_p;
  tree decl = DECL_EXPR_DECL (stmt);

  *stmt_p = NULL_TREE;

  if (TREE_TYPE (decl) == error_mark_node)
    return GS_ERROR;

  if ((TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL
       || TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL)
      && !TYPE_SIZES_GIMPLIFIED (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
    gimplify_type_sizes (TREE_TYPE (decl), seq_p);

  if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL && !DECL_EXTERNAL (decl))
    {
      tree init = DECL_INITIAL (decl);

      if (TREE_CODE (DECL_SIZE_UNIT (decl)) != INTEGER_CST
          || (!TREE_STATIC (decl)
              && flag_stack_check == GENERIC_STACK_CHECK
              && compare_tree_int (DECL_SIZE_UNIT (decl),
                                   STACK_CHECK_MAX_VAR_SIZE) > 0))
        gimplify_vla_decl (decl, seq_p);

      /* Some front ends do not explicitly declare all anonymous
         artificial variables.  We compensate here by declaring the
         variables, though it would be better if the front ends would
         explicitly declare them.  */
      if (!DECL_SEEN_IN_BIND_EXPR_P (decl)
          && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl) && DECL_NAME (decl) == NULL_TREE)
        gimple_add_tmp_var (decl);

      if (init && init != error_mark_node)
        {
          if (!TREE_STATIC (decl))
            {
              DECL_INITIAL (decl) = NULL_TREE;
              init = build2 (INIT_EXPR, void_type_node, decl, init);
              gimplify_and_add (init, seq_p);
              ggc_free (init);
            }
          else
            /* We must still examine initializers for static variables
               as they may contain a label address.  */
            walk_tree (&init, force_labels_r, NULL, NULL);
        }
    }

  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}

/* Gimplify a LOOP_EXPR.  Normally this just involves gimplifying the body
   and replacing the LOOP_EXPR with goto, but if the loop contains an
   EXIT_EXPR, we need to append a label for it to jump to.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_loop_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree saved_label = gimplify_ctxp->exit_label;
  tree start_label = create_artificial_label (UNKNOWN_LOCATION);

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_label (start_label));

  gimplify_ctxp->exit_label = NULL_TREE;

  gimplify_and_add (LOOP_EXPR_BODY (*expr_p), pre_p);

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_goto (start_label));

  if (gimplify_ctxp->exit_label)
    gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_label (gimplify_ctxp->exit_label));

  gimplify_ctxp->exit_label = saved_label;

  *expr_p = NULL;
  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}

/* Gimplifies a statement list onto a sequence.  These may be created either
   by an enlightened front-end, or by shortcut_cond_expr.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_statement_list (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree temp = voidify_wrapper_expr (*expr_p, NULL);

  tree_stmt_iterator i = tsi_start (*expr_p);

  while (!tsi_end_p (i))
    {
      gimplify_stmt (tsi_stmt_ptr (i), pre_p);
      tsi_delink (&i);
    }

  if (temp)
    {
      *expr_p = temp;
      return GS_OK;
    }

  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}

/* Compare two case labels.  Because the front end should already have
   made sure that case ranges do not overlap, it is enough to only compare
   the CASE_LOW values of each case label.  */

static int
compare_case_labels (const void *p1, const void *p2)
{
  const_tree const case1 = *(const_tree const*)p1;
  const_tree const case2 = *(const_tree const*)p2;

  /* The 'default' case label always goes first.  */
  if (!CASE_LOW (case1))
    return -1;
  else if (!CASE_LOW (case2))
    return 1;
  else
    return tree_int_cst_compare (CASE_LOW (case1), CASE_LOW (case2));
}


/* Sort the case labels in LABEL_VEC in place in ascending order.  */

void
sort_case_labels (VEC(tree,heap)* label_vec)
{
  VEC_qsort (tree, label_vec, compare_case_labels);
}


/* Gimplify a SWITCH_EXPR, and collect a TREE_VEC of the labels it can
   branch to.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_switch_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree switch_expr = *expr_p;
  gimple_seq switch_body_seq = NULL;
  enum gimplify_status ret;

  ret = gimplify_expr (&SWITCH_COND (switch_expr), pre_p, NULL, is_gimple_val,
                       fb_rvalue);
  if (ret == GS_ERROR || ret == GS_UNHANDLED)
    return ret;

  if (SWITCH_BODY (switch_expr))
    {
      VEC (tree,heap) *labels;
      VEC (tree,heap) *saved_labels;
      tree default_case = NULL_TREE;
      size_t i, len;
      gimple gimple_switch;

      /* If someone can be bothered to fill in the labels, they can
         be bothered to null out the body too.  */
      gcc_assert (!SWITCH_LABELS (switch_expr));

      /* save old labels, get new ones from body, then restore the old
         labels.  Save all the things from the switch body to append after.  */
      saved_labels = gimplify_ctxp->case_labels;
      gimplify_ctxp->case_labels = VEC_alloc (tree, heap, 8);

      gimplify_stmt (&SWITCH_BODY (switch_expr), &switch_body_seq);
      labels = gimplify_ctxp->case_labels;
      gimplify_ctxp->case_labels = saved_labels;

      i = 0;
      while (i < VEC_length (tree, labels))
        {
          tree elt = VEC_index (tree, labels, i);
          tree low = CASE_LOW (elt);
          bool remove_element = FALSE;

          if (low)
            {
              /* Discard empty ranges.  */
              tree high = CASE_HIGH (elt);
              if (high && tree_int_cst_lt (high, low))
                remove_element = TRUE;
            }
          else
            {
              /* The default case must be the last label in the list.  */
              gcc_assert (!default_case);
              default_case = elt;
              remove_element = TRUE;
            }

          if (remove_element)
            VEC_ordered_remove (tree, labels, i);
          else
            i++;
        }
      len = i;

      if (!VEC_empty (tree, labels))
        sort_case_labels (labels);

      if (!default_case)
        {
          tree type = TREE_TYPE (switch_expr);

          /* If the switch has no default label, add one, so that we jump
             around the switch body.  If the labels already cover the whole
             range of type, add the default label pointing to one of the
             existing labels.  */
          if (type == void_type_node)
            type = TREE_TYPE (SWITCH_COND (switch_expr));
          if (len
              && INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type)
              && TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type)
              && TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type)
              && tree_int_cst_equal (CASE_LOW (VEC_index (tree, labels, 0)),
                                     TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type)))
            {
              tree low, high = CASE_HIGH (VEC_index (tree, labels, len - 1));
              if (!high)
                high = CASE_LOW (VEC_index (tree, labels, len - 1));
              if (tree_int_cst_equal (high, TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type)))
                {
                  for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
                    {
                      high = CASE_LOW (VEC_index (tree, labels, i));
                      low = CASE_HIGH (VEC_index (tree, labels, i - 1));
                      if (!low)
                        low = CASE_LOW (VEC_index (tree, labels, i - 1));
                      if ((TREE_INT_CST_LOW (low) + 1
                           != TREE_INT_CST_LOW (high))
                          || (TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (low)
                              + (TREE_INT_CST_LOW (high) == 0)
                              != TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (high)))
                        break;
                    }
                  if (i == len)
                    default_case = build3 (CASE_LABEL_EXPR, void_type_node,
                                           NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE,
                                           CASE_LABEL (VEC_index (tree,
                                                                  labels, 0)));
                }
            }

          if (!default_case)
            {
              gimple new_default;

              default_case
                = build3 (CASE_LABEL_EXPR, void_type_node,
                          NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE,
                          create_artificial_label (UNKNOWN_LOCATION));
              new_default = gimple_build_label (CASE_LABEL (default_case));
              gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&switch_body_seq, new_default);
            }
        }

      gimple_switch = gimple_build_switch_vec (SWITCH_COND (switch_expr),
                                               default_case, labels);
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_switch);
      gimplify_seq_add_seq (pre_p, switch_body_seq);
      VEC_free(tree, heap, labels);
    }
  else
    gcc_assert (SWITCH_LABELS (switch_expr));

  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}


static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_case_label_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  struct gimplify_ctx *ctxp;
  gimple gimple_label;

  /* Invalid OpenMP programs can play Duff's Device type games with
     #pragma omp parallel.  At least in the C front end, we don't
     detect such invalid branches until after gimplification.  */
  for (ctxp = gimplify_ctxp; ; ctxp = ctxp->prev_context)
    if (ctxp->case_labels)
      break;

  gimple_label = gimple_build_label (CASE_LABEL (*expr_p));
  VEC_safe_push (tree, heap, ctxp->case_labels, *expr_p);
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_label);

  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}

/* Build a GOTO to the LABEL_DECL pointed to by LABEL_P, building it first
   if necessary.  */

tree
build_and_jump (tree *label_p)
{
  if (label_p == NULL)
    /* If there's nowhere to jump, just fall through.  */
    return NULL_TREE;

  if (*label_p == NULL_TREE)
    {
      tree label = create_artificial_label (UNKNOWN_LOCATION);
      *label_p = label;
    }

  return build1 (GOTO_EXPR, void_type_node, *label_p);
}

/* Gimplify an EXIT_EXPR by converting to a GOTO_EXPR inside a COND_EXPR.
   This also involves building a label to jump to and communicating it to
   gimplify_loop_expr through gimplify_ctxp->exit_label.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_exit_expr (tree *expr_p)
{
  tree cond = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  tree expr;

  expr = build_and_jump (&gimplify_ctxp->exit_label);
  expr = build3 (COND_EXPR, void_type_node, cond, expr, NULL_TREE);
  *expr_p = expr;

  return GS_OK;
}

/* A helper function to be called via walk_tree.  Mark all labels under *TP
   as being forced.  To be called for DECL_INITIAL of static variables.  */

tree
force_labels_r (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, void *data ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
{
  if (TYPE_P (*tp))
    *walk_subtrees = 0;
  if (TREE_CODE (*tp) == LABEL_DECL)
    FORCED_LABEL (*tp) = 1;

  return NULL_TREE;
}

/* *EXPR_P is a COMPONENT_REF being used as an rvalue.  If its type is
   different from its canonical type, wrap the whole thing inside a
   NOP_EXPR and force the type of the COMPONENT_REF to be the canonical
   type.

   The canonical type of a COMPONENT_REF is the type of the field being
   referenced--unless the field is a bit-field which can be read directly
   in a smaller mode, in which case the canonical type is the
   sign-appropriate type corresponding to that mode.  */

static void
canonicalize_component_ref (tree *expr_p)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p;
  tree type;

  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (expr) == COMPONENT_REF);

  if (INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
    type = TREE_TYPE (get_unwidened (expr, NULL_TREE));
  else
    type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1));

  /* One could argue that all the stuff below is not necessary for
     the non-bitfield case and declare it a FE error if type
     adjustment would be needed.  */
  if (TREE_TYPE (expr) != type)
    {
#ifdef ENABLE_TYPES_CHECKING
      tree old_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
#endif
      int type_quals;

      /* We need to preserve qualifiers and propagate them from
         operand 0.  */
      type_quals = TYPE_QUALS (type)
        | TYPE_QUALS (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)));
      if (TYPE_QUALS (type) != type_quals)
        type = build_qualified_type (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type), type_quals);

      /* Set the type of the COMPONENT_REF to the underlying type.  */
      TREE_TYPE (expr) = type;

#ifdef ENABLE_TYPES_CHECKING
      /* It is now a FE error, if the conversion from the canonical
         type to the original expression type is not useless.  */
      gcc_assert (useless_type_conversion_p (old_type, type));
#endif
    }
}

/* If a NOP conversion is changing a pointer to array of foo to a pointer
   to foo, embed that change in the ADDR_EXPR by converting
      T array[U];
      (T *)&array
   ==>
      &array[L]
   where L is the lower bound.  For simplicity, only do this for constant
   lower bound.
   The constraint is that the type of &array[L] is trivially convertible
   to T *.  */

static void
canonicalize_addr_expr (tree *expr_p)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p;
  tree addr_expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
  tree datype, ddatype, pddatype;

  /* We simplify only conversions from an ADDR_EXPR to a pointer type.  */
  if (!POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (expr))
      || TREE_CODE (addr_expr) != ADDR_EXPR)
    return;

  /* The addr_expr type should be a pointer to an array.  */
  datype = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (addr_expr));
  if (TREE_CODE (datype) != ARRAY_TYPE)
    return;

  /* The pointer to element type shall be trivially convertible to
     the expression pointer type.  */
  ddatype = TREE_TYPE (datype);
  pddatype = build_pointer_type (ddatype);
  if (!useless_type_conversion_p (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (expr)),
                                  pddatype))
    return;

  /* The lower bound and element sizes must be constant.  */
  if (!TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (ddatype)
      || TREE_CODE (TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (ddatype)) != INTEGER_CST
      || !TYPE_DOMAIN (datype) || !TYPE_MIN_VALUE (TYPE_DOMAIN (datype))
      || TREE_CODE (TYPE_MIN_VALUE (TYPE_DOMAIN (datype))) != INTEGER_CST)
    return;

  /* All checks succeeded.  Build a new node to merge the cast.  */
  *expr_p = build4 (ARRAY_REF, ddatype, TREE_OPERAND (addr_expr, 0),
                    TYPE_MIN_VALUE (TYPE_DOMAIN (datype)),
                    NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);
  *expr_p = build1 (ADDR_EXPR, pddatype, *expr_p);

  /* We can have stripped a required restrict qualifier above.  */
  if (!useless_type_conversion_p (TREE_TYPE (expr), TREE_TYPE (*expr_p)))
    *expr_p = fold_convert (TREE_TYPE (expr), *expr_p);
}

/* *EXPR_P is a NOP_EXPR or CONVERT_EXPR.  Remove it and/or other conversions
   underneath as appropriate.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_conversion (tree *expr_p)
{
  tree tem;
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);
  gcc_assert (CONVERT_EXPR_P (*expr_p));

  /* Then strip away all but the outermost conversion.  */
  STRIP_SIGN_NOPS (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0));

  /* And remove the outermost conversion if it's useless.  */
  if (tree_ssa_useless_type_conversion (*expr_p))
    *expr_p = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);

  /* Attempt to avoid NOP_EXPR by producing reference to a subtype.
     For example this fold (subclass *)&A into &A->subclass avoiding
     a need for statement.  */
  if (CONVERT_EXPR_P (*expr_p)
      && POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p))
      && POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0)))
      && (tem = maybe_fold_offset_to_address
          (EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p), TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0),
           integer_zero_node, TREE_TYPE (*expr_p))) != NULL_TREE)
    *expr_p = tem;

  /* If we still have a conversion at the toplevel,
     then canonicalize some constructs.  */
  if (CONVERT_EXPR_P (*expr_p))
    {
      tree sub = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);

      /* If a NOP conversion is changing the type of a COMPONENT_REF
         expression, then canonicalize its type now in order to expose more
         redundant conversions.  */
      if (TREE_CODE (sub) == COMPONENT_REF)
        canonicalize_component_ref (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0));

      /* If a NOP conversion is changing a pointer to array of foo
         to a pointer to foo, embed that change in the ADDR_EXPR.  */
      else if (TREE_CODE (sub) == ADDR_EXPR)
        canonicalize_addr_expr (expr_p);
    }

  /* If we have a conversion to a non-register type force the
     use of a VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR instead.  */
  if (CONVERT_EXPR_P (*expr_p) && !is_gimple_reg_type (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p)))
    *expr_p = fold_build1_loc (loc, VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (*expr_p),
                               TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0));

  return GS_OK;
}

/* Nonlocal VLAs seen in the current function.  */
static struct pointer_set_t *nonlocal_vlas;

/* Gimplify a VAR_DECL or PARM_DECL.  Returns GS_OK if we expanded a
   DECL_VALUE_EXPR, and it's worth re-examining things.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_var_or_parm_decl (tree *expr_p)
{
  tree decl = *expr_p;

  /* ??? If this is a local variable, and it has not been seen in any
     outer BIND_EXPR, then it's probably the result of a duplicate
     declaration, for which we've already issued an error.  It would
     be really nice if the front end wouldn't leak these at all.
     Currently the only known culprit is C++ destructors, as seen
     in g++.old-deja/g++.jason/binding.C.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
      && !DECL_SEEN_IN_BIND_EXPR_P (decl)
      && !TREE_STATIC (decl) && !DECL_EXTERNAL (decl)
      && decl_function_context (decl) == current_function_decl)
    {
      gcc_assert (seen_error ());
      return GS_ERROR;
    }

  /* When within an OpenMP context, notice uses of variables.  */
  if (gimplify_omp_ctxp && omp_notice_variable (gimplify_omp_ctxp, decl, true))
    return GS_ALL_DONE;

  /* If the decl is an alias for another expression, substitute it now.  */
  if (DECL_HAS_VALUE_EXPR_P (decl))
    {
      tree value_expr = DECL_VALUE_EXPR (decl);

      /* For referenced nonlocal VLAs add a decl for debugging purposes
         to the current function.  */
      if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
          && TREE_CODE (DECL_SIZE_UNIT (decl)) != INTEGER_CST
          && nonlocal_vlas != NULL
          && TREE_CODE (value_expr) == INDIRECT_REF
          && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (value_expr, 0)) == VAR_DECL
          && decl_function_context (decl) != current_function_decl)
        {
          struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx = gimplify_omp_ctxp;
          while (ctx && ctx->region_type == ORT_WORKSHARE)
            ctx = ctx->outer_context;
          if (!ctx && !pointer_set_insert (nonlocal_vlas, decl))
            {
              tree copy = copy_node (decl), block;

              lang_hooks.dup_lang_specific_decl (copy);
              SET_DECL_RTL (copy, 0);
              TREE_USED (copy) = 1;
              block = DECL_INITIAL (current_function_decl);
              DECL_CHAIN (copy) = BLOCK_VARS (block);
              BLOCK_VARS (block) = copy;
              SET_DECL_VALUE_EXPR (copy, unshare_expr (value_expr));
              DECL_HAS_VALUE_EXPR_P (copy) = 1;
            }
        }

      *expr_p = unshare_expr (value_expr);
      return GS_OK;
    }

  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}


/* Gimplify the COMPONENT_REF, ARRAY_REF, REALPART_EXPR or IMAGPART_EXPR
   node *EXPR_P.

      compound_lval
              : min_lval '[' val ']'
              | min_lval '.' ID
              | compound_lval '[' val ']'
              | compound_lval '.' ID

   This is not part of the original SIMPLE definition, which separates
   array and member references, but it seems reasonable to handle them
   together.  Also, this way we don't run into problems with union
   aliasing; gcc requires that for accesses through a union to alias, the
   union reference must be explicit, which was not always the case when we
   were splitting up array and member refs.

   PRE_P points to the sequence where side effects that must happen before
     *EXPR_P should be stored.

   POST_P points to the sequence where side effects that must happen after
     *EXPR_P should be stored.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_compound_lval (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p,
                        fallback_t fallback)
{
  tree *p;
  VEC(tree,heap) *stack;
  enum gimplify_status ret = GS_ALL_DONE, tret;
  int i;
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);
  tree expr = *expr_p;

  /* Create a stack of the subexpressions so later we can walk them in
     order from inner to outer.  */
  stack = VEC_alloc (tree, heap, 10);

  /* We can handle anything that get_inner_reference can deal with.  */
  for (p = expr_p; ; p = &TREE_OPERAND (*p, 0))
    {
    restart:
      /* Fold INDIRECT_REFs now to turn them into ARRAY_REFs.  */
      if (TREE_CODE (*p) == INDIRECT_REF)
        *p = fold_indirect_ref_loc (loc, *p);

      if (handled_component_p (*p))
        ;
      /* Expand DECL_VALUE_EXPR now.  In some cases that may expose
         additional COMPONENT_REFs.  */
      else if ((TREE_CODE (*p) == VAR_DECL || TREE_CODE (*p) == PARM_DECL)
               && gimplify_var_or_parm_decl (p) == GS_OK)
        goto restart;
      else
        break;

      VEC_safe_push (tree, heap, stack, *p);
    }

  gcc_assert (VEC_length (tree, stack));

  /* Now STACK is a stack of pointers to all the refs we've walked through
     and P points to the innermost expression.

     Java requires that we elaborated nodes in source order.  That
     means we must gimplify the inner expression followed by each of
     the indices, in order.  But we can't gimplify the inner
     expression until we deal with any variable bounds, sizes, or
     positions in order to deal with PLACEHOLDER_EXPRs.

     So we do this in three steps.  First we deal with the annotations
     for any variables in the components, then we gimplify the base,
     then we gimplify any indices, from left to right.  */
  for (i = VEC_length (tree, stack) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
      tree t = VEC_index (tree, stack, i);

      if (TREE_CODE (t) == ARRAY_REF || TREE_CODE (t) == ARRAY_RANGE_REF)
        {
          /* Gimplify the low bound and element type size and put them into
             the ARRAY_REF.  If these values are set, they have already been
             gimplified.  */
          if (TREE_OPERAND (t, 2) == NULL_TREE)
            {
              tree low = unshare_expr (array_ref_low_bound (t));
              if (!is_gimple_min_invariant (low))
                {
                  TREE_OPERAND (t, 2) = low;
                  tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (t, 2), pre_p,
                                        post_p, is_gimple_reg,
                                        fb_rvalue);
                  ret = MIN (ret, tret);
                }
            }

          if (!TREE_OPERAND (t, 3))
            {
              tree elmt_type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0)));
              tree elmt_size = unshare_expr (array_ref_element_size (t));
              tree factor = size_int (TYPE_ALIGN_UNIT (elmt_type));

              /* Divide the element size by the alignment of the element
                 type (above).  */
              elmt_size = size_binop_loc (loc, EXACT_DIV_EXPR, elmt_size, factor);

              if (!is_gimple_min_invariant (elmt_size))
                {
                  TREE_OPERAND (t, 3) = elmt_size;
                  tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (t, 3), pre_p,
                                        post_p, is_gimple_reg,
                                        fb_rvalue);
                  ret = MIN (ret, tret);
                }
            }
        }
      else if (TREE_CODE (t) == COMPONENT_REF)
        {
          /* Set the field offset into T and gimplify it.  */
          if (!TREE_OPERAND (t, 2))
            {
              tree offset = unshare_expr (component_ref_field_offset (t));
              tree field = TREE_OPERAND (t, 1);
              tree factor
                = size_int (DECL_OFFSET_ALIGN (field) / BITS_PER_UNIT);

              /* Divide the offset by its alignment.  */
              offset = size_binop_loc (loc, EXACT_DIV_EXPR, offset, factor);

              if (!is_gimple_min_invariant (offset))
                {
                  TREE_OPERAND (t, 2) = offset;
                  tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (t, 2), pre_p,
                                        post_p, is_gimple_reg,
                                        fb_rvalue);
                  ret = MIN (ret, tret);
                }
            }
        }
    }

  /* Step 2 is to gimplify the base expression.  Make sure lvalue is set
     so as to match the min_lval predicate.  Failure to do so may result
     in the creation of large aggregate temporaries.  */
  tret = gimplify_expr (p, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_min_lval,
                        fallback | fb_lvalue);
  ret = MIN (ret, tret);

  /* And finally, the indices and operands to BIT_FIELD_REF.  During this
     loop we also remove any useless conversions.  */
  for (; VEC_length (tree, stack) > 0; )
    {
      tree t = VEC_pop (tree, stack);

      if (TREE_CODE (t) == ARRAY_REF || TREE_CODE (t) == ARRAY_RANGE_REF)
        {
          /* Gimplify the dimension.  */
          if (!is_gimple_min_invariant (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1)))
            {
              tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), pre_p, post_p,
                                    is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
              ret = MIN (ret, tret);
            }
        }
      else if (TREE_CODE (t) == BIT_FIELD_REF)
        {
          tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), pre_p, post_p,
                                is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
          ret = MIN (ret, tret);
          tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (t, 2), pre_p, post_p,
                                is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
          ret = MIN (ret, tret);
        }

      STRIP_USELESS_TYPE_CONVERSION (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0));

      /* The innermost expression P may have originally had
         TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS set which would have caused all the outer
         expressions in *EXPR_P leading to P to also have had
         TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS set.  */
      recalculate_side_effects (t);
    }

  /* If the outermost expression is a COMPONENT_REF, canonicalize its type.  */
  if ((fallback & fb_rvalue) && TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == COMPONENT_REF)
    {
      canonicalize_component_ref (expr_p);
    }

  VEC_free (tree, heap, stack);

  gcc_assert (*expr_p == expr || ret != GS_ALL_DONE);

  return ret;
}

/*  Gimplify the self modifying expression pointed to by EXPR_P
    (++, --, +=, -=).

    PRE_P points to the list where side effects that must happen before
        *EXPR_P should be stored.

    POST_P points to the list where side effects that must happen after
        *EXPR_P should be stored.

    WANT_VALUE is nonzero iff we want to use the value of this expression
        in another expression.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_self_mod_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p,
                        bool want_value)
{
  enum tree_code code;
  tree lhs, lvalue, rhs, t1;
  gimple_seq post = NULL, *orig_post_p = post_p;
  bool postfix;
  enum tree_code arith_code;
  enum gimplify_status ret;
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);

  code = TREE_CODE (*expr_p);

  gcc_assert (code == POSTINCREMENT_EXPR || code == POSTDECREMENT_EXPR
              || code == PREINCREMENT_EXPR || code == PREDECREMENT_EXPR);

  /* Prefix or postfix?  */
  if (code == POSTINCREMENT_EXPR || code == POSTDECREMENT_EXPR)
    /* Faster to treat as prefix if result is not used.  */
    postfix = want_value;
  else
    postfix = false;

  /* For postfix, make sure the inner expression's post side effects
     are executed after side effects from this expression.  */
  if (postfix)
    post_p = &post;

  /* Add or subtract?  */
  if (code == PREINCREMENT_EXPR || code == POSTINCREMENT_EXPR)
    arith_code = PLUS_EXPR;
  else
    arith_code = MINUS_EXPR;

  /* Gimplify the LHS into a GIMPLE lvalue.  */
  lvalue = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  ret = gimplify_expr (&lvalue, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_lvalue, fb_lvalue);
  if (ret == GS_ERROR)
    return ret;

  /* Extract the operands to the arithmetic operation.  */
  lhs = lvalue;
  rhs = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);

  /* For postfix operator, we evaluate the LHS to an rvalue and then use
     that as the result value and in the postqueue operation.  We also
     make sure to make lvalue a minimal lval, see
     gcc.c-torture/execute/20040313-1.c for an example where this matters.  */
  if (postfix)
    {
      if (!is_gimple_min_lval (lvalue))
        {
          mark_addressable (lvalue);
          lvalue = build_fold_addr_expr_loc (input_location, lvalue);
          gimplify_expr (&lvalue, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
          lvalue = build_fold_indirect_ref_loc (input_location, lvalue);
        }
      ret = gimplify_expr (&lhs, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
      if (ret == GS_ERROR)
        return ret;
    }

  /* For POINTERs increment, use POINTER_PLUS_EXPR.  */
  if (POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (lhs)))
    {
      rhs = fold_convert_loc (loc, sizetype, rhs);
      if (arith_code == MINUS_EXPR)
        rhs = fold_build1_loc (loc, NEGATE_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (rhs), rhs);
      arith_code = POINTER_PLUS_EXPR;
    }

  t1 = build2 (arith_code, TREE_TYPE (*expr_p), lhs, rhs);

  if (postfix)
    {
      gimplify_assign (lvalue, t1, orig_post_p);
      gimplify_seq_add_seq (orig_post_p, post);
      *expr_p = lhs;
      return GS_ALL_DONE;
    }
  else
    {
      *expr_p = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (lvalue), lvalue, t1);
      return GS_OK;
    }
}


/* If *EXPR_P has a variable sized type, wrap it in a WITH_SIZE_EXPR.  */

static void
maybe_with_size_expr (tree *expr_p)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p;
  tree type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
  tree size;

  /* If we've already wrapped this or the type is error_mark_node, we can't do
     anything.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == WITH_SIZE_EXPR
      || type == error_mark_node)
    return;

  /* If the size isn't known or is a constant, we have nothing to do.  */
  size = TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type);
  if (!size || TREE_CODE (size) == INTEGER_CST)
    return;

  /* Otherwise, make a WITH_SIZE_EXPR.  */
  size = unshare_expr (size);
  size = SUBSTITUTE_PLACEHOLDER_IN_EXPR (size, expr);
  *expr_p = build2 (WITH_SIZE_EXPR, type, expr, size);
}


/* Helper for gimplify_call_expr.  Gimplify a single argument *ARG_P
   Store any side-effects in PRE_P.  CALL_LOCATION is the location of
   the CALL_EXPR.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_arg (tree *arg_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, location_t call_location)
{
  bool (*test) (tree);
  fallback_t fb;

  /* In general, we allow lvalues for function arguments to avoid
     extra overhead of copying large aggregates out of even larger
     aggregates into temporaries only to copy the temporaries to
     the argument list.  Make optimizers happy by pulling out to
     temporaries those types that fit in registers.  */
  if (is_gimple_reg_type (TREE_TYPE (*arg_p)))
    test = is_gimple_val, fb = fb_rvalue;
  else
    test = is_gimple_lvalue, fb = fb_either;

  /* If this is a variable sized type, we must remember the size.  */
  maybe_with_size_expr (arg_p);

  /* FIXME diagnostics: This will mess up gcc.dg/Warray-bounds.c.  */
  /* Make sure arguments have the same location as the function call
     itself.  */
  protected_set_expr_location (*arg_p, call_location);

  /* There is a sequence point before a function call.  Side effects in
     the argument list must occur before the actual call. So, when
     gimplifying arguments, force gimplify_expr to use an internal
     post queue which is then appended to the end of PRE_P.  */
  return gimplify_expr (arg_p, pre_p, NULL, test, fb);
}


/* Gimplify the CALL_EXPR node *EXPR_P into the GIMPLE sequence PRE_P.
   WANT_VALUE is true if the result of the call is desired.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_call_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, bool want_value)
{
  tree fndecl, parms, p;
  enum gimplify_status ret;
  int i, nargs;
  gimple call;
  bool builtin_va_start_p = FALSE;
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);

  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == CALL_EXPR);

  /* For reliable diagnostics during inlining, it is necessary that
     every call_expr be annotated with file and line.  */
  if (! EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (*expr_p))
    SET_EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p, input_location);

  /* This may be a call to a builtin function.

     Builtin function calls may be transformed into different
     (and more efficient) builtin function calls under certain
     circumstances.  Unfortunately, gimplification can muck things
     up enough that the builtin expanders are not aware that certain
     transformations are still valid.

     So we attempt transformation/gimplification of the call before
     we gimplify the CALL_EXPR.  At this time we do not manage to
     transform all calls in the same manner as the expanders do, but
     we do transform most of them.  */
  fndecl = get_callee_fndecl (*expr_p);
  if (fndecl && DECL_BUILT_IN (fndecl))
    {
      tree new_tree = fold_call_expr (input_location, *expr_p, !want_value);

      if (new_tree && new_tree != *expr_p)
        {
          /* There was a transformation of this call which computes the
             same value, but in a more efficient way.  Return and try
             again.  */
          *expr_p = new_tree;
          return GS_OK;
        }

      if (DECL_BUILT_IN_CLASS (fndecl) == BUILT_IN_NORMAL
          && DECL_FUNCTION_CODE (fndecl) == BUILT_IN_VA_START)
        {
          builtin_va_start_p = TRUE;
          if (call_expr_nargs (*expr_p) < 2)
            {
              error ("too few arguments to function %<va_start%>");
              *expr_p = build_empty_stmt (EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p));
              return GS_OK;
            }

          if (fold_builtin_next_arg (*expr_p, true))
            {
              *expr_p = build_empty_stmt (EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p));
              return GS_OK;
            }
        }
    }

  /* There is a sequence point before the call, so any side effects in
     the calling expression must occur before the actual call.  Force
     gimplify_expr to use an internal post queue.  */
  ret = gimplify_expr (&CALL_EXPR_FN (*expr_p), pre_p, NULL,
                       is_gimple_call_addr, fb_rvalue);

  nargs = call_expr_nargs (*expr_p);

  /* Get argument types for verification.  */
  fndecl = get_callee_fndecl (*expr_p);
  parms = NULL_TREE;
  if (fndecl)
    parms = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fndecl));
  else if (POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (CALL_EXPR_FN (*expr_p))))
    parms = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (CALL_EXPR_FN (*expr_p))));

  if (fndecl && DECL_ARGUMENTS (fndecl))
    p = DECL_ARGUMENTS (fndecl);
  else if (parms)
    p = parms;
  else
    p = NULL_TREE;
  for (i = 0; i < nargs && p; i++, p = TREE_CHAIN (p))
    ;

  /* If the last argument is __builtin_va_arg_pack () and it is not
     passed as a named argument, decrease the number of CALL_EXPR
     arguments and set instead the CALL_EXPR_VA_ARG_PACK flag.  */
  if (!p
      && i < nargs
      && TREE_CODE (CALL_EXPR_ARG (*expr_p, nargs - 1)) == CALL_EXPR)
    {
      tree last_arg = CALL_EXPR_ARG (*expr_p, nargs - 1);
      tree last_arg_fndecl = get_callee_fndecl (last_arg);

      if (last_arg_fndecl
          && TREE_CODE (last_arg_fndecl) == FUNCTION_DECL
          && DECL_BUILT_IN_CLASS (last_arg_fndecl) == BUILT_IN_NORMAL
          && DECL_FUNCTION_CODE (last_arg_fndecl) == BUILT_IN_VA_ARG_PACK)
        {
          tree call = *expr_p;

          --nargs;
          *expr_p = build_call_array_loc (loc, TREE_TYPE (call),
                                          CALL_EXPR_FN (call),
                                          nargs, CALL_EXPR_ARGP (call));

          /* Copy all CALL_EXPR flags, location and block, except
             CALL_EXPR_VA_ARG_PACK flag.  */
          CALL_EXPR_STATIC_CHAIN (*expr_p) = CALL_EXPR_STATIC_CHAIN (call);
          CALL_EXPR_TAILCALL (*expr_p) = CALL_EXPR_TAILCALL (call);
          CALL_EXPR_RETURN_SLOT_OPT (*expr_p)
            = CALL_EXPR_RETURN_SLOT_OPT (call);
          CALL_FROM_THUNK_P (*expr_p) = CALL_FROM_THUNK_P (call);
          CALL_CANNOT_INLINE_P (*expr_p) = CALL_CANNOT_INLINE_P (call);
          SET_EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p, EXPR_LOCATION (call));
          TREE_BLOCK (*expr_p) = TREE_BLOCK (call);

          /* Set CALL_EXPR_VA_ARG_PACK.  */
          CALL_EXPR_VA_ARG_PACK (*expr_p) = 1;
        }
    }

  /* Finally, gimplify the function arguments.  */
  if (nargs > 0)
    {
      for (i = (PUSH_ARGS_REVERSED ? nargs - 1 : 0);
           PUSH_ARGS_REVERSED ? i >= 0 : i < nargs;
           PUSH_ARGS_REVERSED ? i-- : i++)
        {
          enum gimplify_status t;

          /* Avoid gimplifying the second argument to va_start, which needs to
             be the plain PARM_DECL.  */
          if ((i != 1) || !builtin_va_start_p)
            {
              t = gimplify_arg (&CALL_EXPR_ARG (*expr_p, i), pre_p,
                                EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p));

              if (t == GS_ERROR)
                ret = GS_ERROR;
            }
        }
    }

  /* Verify the function result.  */
  if (want_value && fndecl
      && VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (fndecl))))
    {
      error_at (loc, "using result of function returning %<void%>");
      ret = GS_ERROR;
    }

  /* Try this again in case gimplification exposed something.  */
  if (ret != GS_ERROR)
    {
      tree new_tree = fold_call_expr (input_location, *expr_p, !want_value);

      if (new_tree && new_tree != *expr_p)
        {
          /* There was a transformation of this call which computes the
             same value, but in a more efficient way.  Return and try
             again.  */
          *expr_p = new_tree;
          return GS_OK;
        }
    }
  else
    {
      *expr_p = error_mark_node;
      return GS_ERROR;
    }

  /* If the function is "const" or "pure", then clear TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS on its
     decl.  This allows us to eliminate redundant or useless
     calls to "const" functions.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == CALL_EXPR)
    {
      int flags = call_expr_flags (*expr_p);
      if (flags & (ECF_CONST | ECF_PURE)
          /* An infinite loop is considered a side effect.  */
          && !(flags & (ECF_LOOPING_CONST_OR_PURE)))
        TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (*expr_p) = 0;
    }

  /* If the value is not needed by the caller, emit a new GIMPLE_CALL
     and clear *EXPR_P.  Otherwise, leave *EXPR_P in its gimplified
     form and delegate the creation of a GIMPLE_CALL to
     gimplify_modify_expr.  This is always possible because when
     WANT_VALUE is true, the caller wants the result of this call into
     a temporary, which means that we will emit an INIT_EXPR in
     internal_get_tmp_var which will then be handled by
     gimplify_modify_expr.  */
  if (!want_value)
    {
      /* The CALL_EXPR in *EXPR_P is already in GIMPLE form, so all we
         have to do is replicate it as a GIMPLE_CALL tuple.  */
      gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
      call = gimple_build_call_from_tree (*expr_p);
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, call);
      gsi = gsi_last (*pre_p);
      fold_stmt (&gsi);
      *expr_p = NULL_TREE;
    }

  return ret;
}

/* Handle shortcut semantics in the predicate operand of a COND_EXPR by
   rewriting it into multiple COND_EXPRs, and possibly GOTO_EXPRs.

   TRUE_LABEL_P and FALSE_LABEL_P point to the labels to jump to if the
   condition is true or false, respectively.  If null, we should generate
   our own to skip over the evaluation of this specific expression.

   LOCUS is the source location of the COND_EXPR.

   This function is the tree equivalent of do_jump.

   shortcut_cond_r should only be called by shortcut_cond_expr.  */

static tree
shortcut_cond_r (tree pred, tree *true_label_p, tree *false_label_p,
                 location_t locus)
{
  tree local_label = NULL_TREE;
  tree t, expr = NULL;

  /* OK, it's not a simple case; we need to pull apart the COND_EXPR to
     retain the shortcut semantics.  Just insert the gotos here;
     shortcut_cond_expr will append the real blocks later.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (pred) == TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR)
    {
      location_t new_locus;

      /* Turn if (a && b) into

         if (a); else goto no;
         if (b) goto yes; else goto no;
         (no:) */

      if (false_label_p == NULL)
        false_label_p = &local_label;

      /* Keep the original source location on the first 'if'.  */
      t = shortcut_cond_r (TREE_OPERAND (pred, 0), NULL, false_label_p, locus);
      append_to_statement_list (t, &expr);

      /* Set the source location of the && on the second 'if'.  */
      new_locus = EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (pred) ? EXPR_LOCATION (pred) : locus;
      t = shortcut_cond_r (TREE_OPERAND (pred, 1), true_label_p, false_label_p,
                           new_locus);
      append_to_statement_list (t, &expr);
    }
  else if (TREE_CODE (pred) == TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR)
    {
      location_t new_locus;

      /* Turn if (a || b) into

         if (a) goto yes;
         if (b) goto yes; else goto no;
         (yes:) */

      if (true_label_p == NULL)
        true_label_p = &local_label;

      /* Keep the original source location on the first 'if'.  */
      t = shortcut_cond_r (TREE_OPERAND (pred, 0), true_label_p, NULL, locus);
      append_to_statement_list (t, &expr);

      /* Set the source location of the || on the second 'if'.  */
      new_locus = EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (pred) ? EXPR_LOCATION (pred) : locus;
      t = shortcut_cond_r (TREE_OPERAND (pred, 1), true_label_p, false_label_p,
                           new_locus);
      append_to_statement_list (t, &expr);
    }
  else if (TREE_CODE (pred) == COND_EXPR)
    {
      location_t new_locus;

      /* As long as we're messing with gotos, turn if (a ? b : c) into
         if (a)
           if (b) goto yes; else goto no;
         else
           if (c) goto yes; else goto no;  */

      /* Keep the original source location on the first 'if'.  Set the source
         location of the ? on the second 'if'.  */
      new_locus = EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (pred) ? EXPR_LOCATION (pred) : locus;
      expr = build3 (COND_EXPR, void_type_node, TREE_OPERAND (pred, 0),
                     shortcut_cond_r (TREE_OPERAND (pred, 1), true_label_p,
                                      false_label_p, locus),
                     shortcut_cond_r (TREE_OPERAND (pred, 2), true_label_p,
                                      false_label_p, new_locus));
    }
  else
    {
      expr = build3 (COND_EXPR, void_type_node, pred,
                     build_and_jump (true_label_p),
                     build_and_jump (false_label_p));
      SET_EXPR_LOCATION (expr, locus);
    }

  if (local_label)
    {
      t = build1 (LABEL_EXPR, void_type_node, local_label);
      append_to_statement_list (t, &expr);
    }

  return expr;
}

/* Given a conditional expression EXPR with short-circuit boolean
   predicates using TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR or TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR, break the
   predicate appart into the equivalent sequence of conditionals.  */

static tree
shortcut_cond_expr (tree expr)
{
  tree pred = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
  tree then_ = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1);
  tree else_ = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2);
  tree true_label, false_label, end_label, t;
  tree *true_label_p;
  tree *false_label_p;
  bool emit_end, emit_false, jump_over_else;
  bool then_se = then_ && TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (then_);
  bool else_se = else_ && TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (else_);

  /* First do simple transformations.  */
  if (!else_se)
    {
      /* If there is no 'else', turn
           if (a && b) then c
         into
           if (a) if (b) then c.  */
      while (TREE_CODE (pred) == TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR)
        {
          /* Keep the original source location on the first 'if'.  */
          location_t locus = EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE (expr);
          TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0) = TREE_OPERAND (pred, 1);
          /* Set the source location of the && on the second 'if'.  */
          if (EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (pred))
            SET_EXPR_LOCATION (expr, EXPR_LOCATION (pred));
          then_ = shortcut_cond_expr (expr);
          then_se = then_ && TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (then_);
          pred = TREE_OPERAND (pred, 0);
          expr = build3 (COND_EXPR, void_type_node, pred, then_, NULL_TREE);
          SET_EXPR_LOCATION (expr, locus);
        }
    }

  if (!then_se)
    {
      /* If there is no 'then', turn
           if (a || b); else d
         into
           if (a); else if (b); else d.  */
      while (TREE_CODE (pred) == TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR)
        {
          /* Keep the original source location on the first 'if'.  */
          location_t locus = EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE (expr);
          TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0) = TREE_OPERAND (pred, 1);
          /* Set the source location of the || on the second 'if'.  */
          if (EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (pred))
            SET_EXPR_LOCATION (expr, EXPR_LOCATION (pred));
          else_ = shortcut_cond_expr (expr);
          else_se = else_ && TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (else_);
          pred = TREE_OPERAND (pred, 0);
          expr = build3 (COND_EXPR, void_type_node, pred, NULL_TREE, else_);
          SET_EXPR_LOCATION (expr, locus);
        }
    }

  /* If we're done, great.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (pred) != TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR
      && TREE_CODE (pred) != TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR)
    return expr;

  /* Otherwise we need to mess with gotos.  Change
       if (a) c; else d;
     to
       if (a); else goto no;
       c; goto end;
       no: d; end:
     and recursively gimplify the condition.  */

  true_label = false_label = end_label = NULL_TREE;

  /* If our arms just jump somewhere, hijack those labels so we don't
     generate jumps to jumps.  */

  if (then_
      && TREE_CODE (then_) == GOTO_EXPR
      && TREE_CODE (GOTO_DESTINATION (then_)) == LABEL_DECL)
    {
      true_label = GOTO_DESTINATION (then_);
      then_ = NULL;
      then_se = false;
    }

  if (else_
      && TREE_CODE (else_) == GOTO_EXPR
      && TREE_CODE (GOTO_DESTINATION (else_)) == LABEL_DECL)
    {
      false_label = GOTO_DESTINATION (else_);
      else_ = NULL;
      else_se = false;
    }

  /* If we aren't hijacking a label for the 'then' branch, it falls through.  */
  if (true_label)
    true_label_p = &true_label;
  else
    true_label_p = NULL;

  /* The 'else' branch also needs a label if it contains interesting code.  */
  if (false_label || else_se)
    false_label_p = &false_label;
  else
    false_label_p = NULL;

  /* If there was nothing else in our arms, just forward the label(s).  */
  if (!then_se && !else_se)
    return shortcut_cond_r (pred, true_label_p, false_label_p,
                            EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE (expr));

  /* If our last subexpression already has a terminal label, reuse it.  */
  if (else_se)
    t = expr_last (else_);
  else if (then_se)
    t = expr_last (then_);
  else
    t = NULL;
  if (t && TREE_CODE (t) == LABEL_EXPR)
    end_label = LABEL_EXPR_LABEL (t);

  /* If we don't care about jumping to the 'else' branch, jump to the end
     if the condition is false.  */
  if (!false_label_p)
    false_label_p = &end_label;

  /* We only want to emit these labels if we aren't hijacking them.  */
  emit_end = (end_label == NULL_TREE);
  emit_false = (false_label == NULL_TREE);

  /* We only emit the jump over the else clause if we have to--if the
     then clause may fall through.  Otherwise we can wind up with a
     useless jump and a useless label at the end of gimplified code,
     which will cause us to think that this conditional as a whole
     falls through even if it doesn't.  If we then inline a function
     which ends with such a condition, that can cause us to issue an
     inappropriate warning about control reaching the end of a
     non-void function.  */
  jump_over_else = block_may_fallthru (then_);

  pred = shortcut_cond_r (pred, true_label_p, false_label_p,
                          EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE (expr));

  expr = NULL;
  append_to_statement_list (pred, &expr);

  append_to_statement_list (then_, &expr);
  if (else_se)
    {
      if (jump_over_else)
        {
          tree last = expr_last (expr);
          t = build_and_jump (&end_label);
          if (EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (last))
            SET_EXPR_LOCATION (t, EXPR_LOCATION (last));
          append_to_statement_list (t, &expr);
        }
      if (emit_false)
        {
          t = build1 (LABEL_EXPR, void_type_node, false_label);
          append_to_statement_list (t, &expr);
        }
      append_to_statement_list (else_, &expr);
    }
  if (emit_end && end_label)
    {
      t = build1 (LABEL_EXPR, void_type_node, end_label);
      append_to_statement_list (t, &expr);
    }

  return expr;
}

/* EXPR is used in a boolean context; make sure it has BOOLEAN_TYPE.  */

tree
gimple_boolify (tree expr)
{
  tree type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (expr);

  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == NE_EXPR
      && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)) == CALL_EXPR
      && integer_zerop (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)))
    {
      tree call = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
      tree fn = get_callee_fndecl (call);

      /* For __builtin_expect ((long) (x), y) recurse into x as well
         if x is truth_value_p.  */
      if (fn
          && DECL_BUILT_IN_CLASS (fn) == BUILT_IN_NORMAL
          && DECL_FUNCTION_CODE (fn) == BUILT_IN_EXPECT
          && call_expr_nargs (call) == 2)
        {
          tree arg = CALL_EXPR_ARG (call, 0);
          if (arg)
            {
              if (TREE_CODE (arg) == NOP_EXPR
                  && TREE_TYPE (arg) == TREE_TYPE (call))
                arg = TREE_OPERAND (arg, 0);
              if (truth_value_p (TREE_CODE (arg)))
                {
                  arg = gimple_boolify (arg);
                  CALL_EXPR_ARG (call, 0)
                    = fold_convert_loc (loc, TREE_TYPE (call), arg);
                }
            }
        }
    }

  if (TREE_CODE (type) == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
    return expr;

  switch (TREE_CODE (expr))
    {
    case TRUTH_AND_EXPR:
    case TRUTH_OR_EXPR:
    case TRUTH_XOR_EXPR:
    case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
    case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
      /* Also boolify the arguments of truth exprs.  */
      TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1) = gimple_boolify (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1));
      /* FALLTHRU */

    case TRUTH_NOT_EXPR:
      TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0) = gimple_boolify (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0));
      /* FALLTHRU */

    case EQ_EXPR: case NE_EXPR:
    case LE_EXPR: case GE_EXPR: case LT_EXPR: case GT_EXPR:
      /* These expressions always produce boolean results.  */
      TREE_TYPE (expr) = boolean_type_node;
      return expr;

    default:
      /* Other expressions that get here must have boolean values, but
         might need to be converted to the appropriate mode.  */
      return fold_convert_loc (loc, boolean_type_node, expr);
    }
}

/* Given a conditional expression *EXPR_P without side effects, gimplify
   its operands.  New statements are inserted to PRE_P.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_pure_cond_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p, cond;
  enum gimplify_status ret, tret;
  enum tree_code code;

  cond = gimple_boolify (COND_EXPR_COND (expr));

  /* We need to handle && and || specially, as their gimplification
     creates pure cond_expr, thus leading to an infinite cycle otherwise.  */
  code = TREE_CODE (cond);
  if (code == TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR)
    TREE_SET_CODE (cond, TRUTH_AND_EXPR);
  else if (code == TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR)
    TREE_SET_CODE (cond, TRUTH_OR_EXPR);
  ret = gimplify_expr (&cond, pre_p, NULL, is_gimple_condexpr, fb_rvalue);
  COND_EXPR_COND (*expr_p) = cond;

  tret = gimplify_expr (&COND_EXPR_THEN (expr), pre_p, NULL,
                                   is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
  ret = MIN (ret, tret);
  tret = gimplify_expr (&COND_EXPR_ELSE (expr), pre_p, NULL,
                                   is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);

  return MIN (ret, tret);
}

/* Returns true if evaluating EXPR could trap.
   EXPR is GENERIC, while tree_could_trap_p can be called
   only on GIMPLE.  */

static bool
generic_expr_could_trap_p (tree expr)
{
  unsigned i, n;

  if (!expr || is_gimple_val (expr))
    return false;

  if (!EXPR_P (expr) || tree_could_trap_p (expr))
    return true;

  n = TREE_OPERAND_LENGTH (expr);
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    if (generic_expr_could_trap_p (TREE_OPERAND (expr, i)))
      return true;

  return false;
}

/*  Convert the conditional expression pointed to by EXPR_P '(p) ? a : b;'
    into

    if (p)                      if (p)
      t1 = a;                     a;
    else                or      else
      t1 = b;                     b;
    t1;

    The second form is used when *EXPR_P is of type void.

    PRE_P points to the list where side effects that must happen before
      *EXPR_P should be stored.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_cond_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, fallback_t fallback)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p;
  tree type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (expr);
  tree tmp, arm1, arm2;
  enum gimplify_status ret;
  tree label_true, label_false, label_cont;
  bool have_then_clause_p, have_else_clause_p;
  gimple gimple_cond;
  enum tree_code pred_code;
  gimple_seq seq = NULL;

  /* If this COND_EXPR has a value, copy the values into a temporary within
     the arms.  */
  if (!VOID_TYPE_P (type))
    {
      tree then_ = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1), else_ = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2);
      tree result;

      /* If either an rvalue is ok or we do not require an lvalue, create the
         temporary.  But we cannot do that if the type is addressable.  */
      if (((fallback & fb_rvalue) || !(fallback & fb_lvalue))
          && !TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type))
        {
          if (gimplify_ctxp->allow_rhs_cond_expr
              /* If either branch has side effects or could trap, it can't be
                 evaluated unconditionally.  */
              && !TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (then_)
              && !generic_expr_could_trap_p (then_)
              && !TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (else_)
              && !generic_expr_could_trap_p (else_))
            return gimplify_pure_cond_expr (expr_p, pre_p);

          tmp = create_tmp_var (type, "iftmp");
          result = tmp;
        }

      /* Otherwise, only create and copy references to the values.  */
      else
        {
          type = build_pointer_type (type);

          if (!VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (then_)))
            then_ = build_fold_addr_expr_loc (loc, then_);

          if (!VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (else_)))
            else_ = build_fold_addr_expr_loc (loc, else_);
 
          expr
            = build3 (COND_EXPR, type, TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), then_, else_);

          tmp = create_tmp_var (type, "iftmp");
          result = build_simple_mem_ref_loc (loc, tmp);
        }

      /* Build the new then clause, `tmp = then_;'.  But don't build the
         assignment if the value is void; in C++ it can be if it's a throw.  */
      if (!VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (then_)))
        TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1) = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, type, tmp, then_);

      /* Similarly, build the new else clause, `tmp = else_;'.  */
      if (!VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (else_)))
        TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2) = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, type, tmp, else_);

      TREE_TYPE (expr) = void_type_node;
      recalculate_side_effects (expr);

      /* Move the COND_EXPR to the prequeue.  */
      gimplify_stmt (&expr, pre_p);

      *expr_p = result;
      return GS_ALL_DONE;
    }

  /* Make sure the condition has BOOLEAN_TYPE.  */
  TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0) = gimple_boolify (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0));

  /* Break apart && and || conditions.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)) == TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR
      || TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)) == TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR)
    {
      expr = shortcut_cond_expr (expr);

      if (expr != *expr_p)
        {
          *expr_p = expr;

          /* We can't rely on gimplify_expr to re-gimplify the expanded
             form properly, as cleanups might cause the target labels to be
             wrapped in a TRY_FINALLY_EXPR.  To prevent that, we need to
             set up a conditional context.  */
          gimple_push_condition ();
          gimplify_stmt (expr_p, &seq);
          gimple_pop_condition (pre_p);
          gimple_seq_add_seq (pre_p, seq);

          return GS_ALL_DONE;
        }
    }

  /* Now do the normal gimplification.  */

  /* Gimplify condition.  */
  ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), pre_p, NULL, is_gimple_condexpr,
                       fb_rvalue);
  if (ret == GS_ERROR)
    return GS_ERROR;
  gcc_assert (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0) != NULL_TREE);

  gimple_push_condition ();

  have_then_clause_p = have_else_clause_p = false;
  if (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1) != NULL
      && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)) == GOTO_EXPR
      && TREE_CODE (GOTO_DESTINATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1))) == LABEL_DECL
      && (DECL_CONTEXT (GOTO_DESTINATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1)))
          == current_function_decl)
      /* For -O0 avoid this optimization if the COND_EXPR and GOTO_EXPR
         have different locations, otherwise we end up with incorrect
         location information on the branches.  */
      && (optimize
          || !EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (expr)
          || !EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1))
          || EXPR_LOCATION (expr) == EXPR_LOCATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1))))
    {
      label_true = GOTO_DESTINATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1));
      have_then_clause_p = true;
    }
  else
    label_true = create_artificial_label (UNKNOWN_LOCATION);
  if (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2) != NULL
      && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2)) == GOTO_EXPR
      && TREE_CODE (GOTO_DESTINATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2))) == LABEL_DECL
      && (DECL_CONTEXT (GOTO_DESTINATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2)))
          == current_function_decl)
      /* For -O0 avoid this optimization if the COND_EXPR and GOTO_EXPR
         have different locations, otherwise we end up with incorrect
         location information on the branches.  */
      && (optimize
          || !EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (expr)
          || !EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2))
          || EXPR_LOCATION (expr) == EXPR_LOCATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2))))
    {
      label_false = GOTO_DESTINATION (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2));
      have_else_clause_p = true;
    }
  else
    label_false = create_artificial_label (UNKNOWN_LOCATION);

  gimple_cond_get_ops_from_tree (COND_EXPR_COND (expr), &pred_code, &arm1,
                                 &arm2);

  gimple_cond = gimple_build_cond (pred_code, arm1, arm2, label_true,
                                   label_false);

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&seq, gimple_cond);
  label_cont = NULL_TREE;
  if (!have_then_clause_p)
    {
      /* For if (...) {} else { code; } put label_true after
         the else block.  */
      if (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1) == NULL_TREE
          && !have_else_clause_p
          && TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2) != NULL_TREE)
        label_cont = label_true;
      else
        {
          gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&seq, gimple_build_label (label_true));
          have_then_clause_p = gimplify_stmt (&TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1), &seq);
          /* For if (...) { code; } else {} or
             if (...) { code; } else goto label; or
             if (...) { code; return; } else { ... }
             label_cont isn't needed.  */
          if (!have_else_clause_p
              && TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2) != NULL_TREE
              && gimple_seq_may_fallthru (seq))
            {
              gimple g;
              label_cont = create_artificial_label (UNKNOWN_LOCATION);

              g = gimple_build_goto (label_cont);

              /* GIMPLE_COND's are very low level; they have embedded
                 gotos.  This particular embedded goto should not be marked
                 with the location of the original COND_EXPR, as it would
                 correspond to the COND_EXPR's condition, not the ELSE or the
                 THEN arms.  To avoid marking it with the wrong location, flag
                 it as "no location".  */
              gimple_set_do_not_emit_location (g);

              gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&seq, g);
            }
        }
    }
  if (!have_else_clause_p)
    {
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&seq, gimple_build_label (label_false));
      have_else_clause_p = gimplify_stmt (&TREE_OPERAND (expr, 2), &seq);
    }
  if (label_cont)
    gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&seq, gimple_build_label (label_cont));

  gimple_pop_condition (pre_p);
  gimple_seq_add_seq (pre_p, seq);

  if (ret == GS_ERROR)
    ; /* Do nothing.  */
  else if (have_then_clause_p || have_else_clause_p)
    ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
  else
    {
      /* Both arms are empty; replace the COND_EXPR with its predicate.  */
      expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
      gimplify_stmt (&expr, pre_p);
    }

  *expr_p = NULL;
  return ret;
}

/* Prepare the node pointed to by EXPR_P, an is_gimple_addressable expression,
   to be marked addressable.

   We cannot rely on such an expression being directly markable if a temporary
   has been created by the gimplification.  In this case, we create another
   temporary and initialize it with a copy, which will become a store after we
   mark it addressable.  This can happen if the front-end passed us something
   that it could not mark addressable yet, like a Fortran pass-by-reference
   parameter (int) floatvar.  */

static void
prepare_gimple_addressable (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *seq_p)
{
  while (handled_component_p (*expr_p))
    expr_p = &TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  if (is_gimple_reg (*expr_p))
    *expr_p = get_initialized_tmp_var (*expr_p, seq_p, NULL);
}

/* A subroutine of gimplify_modify_expr.  Replace a MODIFY_EXPR with
   a call to __builtin_memcpy.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_modify_expr_to_memcpy (tree *expr_p, tree size, bool want_value,
                                gimple_seq *seq_p)
{
  tree t, to, to_ptr, from, from_ptr;
  gimple gs;
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);

  to = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  from = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);

  /* Mark the RHS addressable.  Beware that it may not be possible to do so
     directly if a temporary has been created by the gimplification.  */
  prepare_gimple_addressable (&from, seq_p);

  mark_addressable (from);
  from_ptr = build_fold_addr_expr_loc (loc, from);
  gimplify_arg (&from_ptr, seq_p, loc);

  mark_addressable (to);
  to_ptr = build_fold_addr_expr_loc (loc, to);
  gimplify_arg (&to_ptr, seq_p, loc);

  t = implicit_built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_MEMCPY];

  gs = gimple_build_call (t, 3, to_ptr, from_ptr, size);

  if (want_value)
    {
      /* tmp = memcpy() */
      t = create_tmp_var (TREE_TYPE (to_ptr), NULL);
      gimple_call_set_lhs (gs, t);
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (seq_p, gs);

      *expr_p = build_simple_mem_ref (t);
      return GS_ALL_DONE;
    }

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (seq_p, gs);
  *expr_p = NULL;
  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}

/* A subroutine of gimplify_modify_expr.  Replace a MODIFY_EXPR with
   a call to __builtin_memset.  In this case we know that the RHS is
   a CONSTRUCTOR with an empty element list.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_modify_expr_to_memset (tree *expr_p, tree size, bool want_value,
                                gimple_seq *seq_p)
{
  tree t, from, to, to_ptr;
  gimple gs;
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);

  /* Assert our assumptions, to abort instead of producing wrong code
     silently if they are not met.  Beware that the RHS CONSTRUCTOR might
     not be immediately exposed.  */
  from = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);
  if (TREE_CODE (from) == WITH_SIZE_EXPR)
    from = TREE_OPERAND (from, 0);

  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (from) == CONSTRUCTOR
              && VEC_empty (constructor_elt, CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (from)));

  /* Now proceed.  */
  to = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);

  to_ptr = build_fold_addr_expr_loc (loc, to);
  gimplify_arg (&to_ptr, seq_p, loc);
  t = implicit_built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_MEMSET];

  gs = gimple_build_call (t, 3, to_ptr, integer_zero_node, size);

  if (want_value)
    {
      /* tmp = memset() */
      t = create_tmp_var (TREE_TYPE (to_ptr), NULL);
      gimple_call_set_lhs (gs, t);
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (seq_p, gs);

      *expr_p = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, TREE_TYPE (to), t);
      return GS_ALL_DONE;
    }

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (seq_p, gs);
  *expr_p = NULL;
  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}

/* A subroutine of gimplify_init_ctor_preeval.  Called via walk_tree,
   determine, cautiously, if a CONSTRUCTOR overlaps the lhs of an
   assignment.  Returns non-null if we detect a potential overlap.  */

struct gimplify_init_ctor_preeval_data
{
  /* The base decl of the lhs object.  May be NULL, in which case we
     have to assume the lhs is indirect.  */
  tree lhs_base_decl;

  /* The alias set of the lhs object.  */
  alias_set_type lhs_alias_set;
};

static tree
gimplify_init_ctor_preeval_1 (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, void *xdata)
{
  struct gimplify_init_ctor_preeval_data *data
    = (struct gimplify_init_ctor_preeval_data *) xdata;
  tree t = *tp;

  /* If we find the base object, obviously we have overlap.  */
  if (data->lhs_base_decl == t)
    return t;

  /* If the constructor component is indirect, determine if we have a
     potential overlap with the lhs.  The only bits of information we
     have to go on at this point are addressability and alias sets.  */
  if ((INDIRECT_REF_P (t)
       || TREE_CODE (t) == MEM_REF)
      && (!data->lhs_base_decl || TREE_ADDRESSABLE (data->lhs_base_decl))
      && alias_sets_conflict_p (data->lhs_alias_set, get_alias_set (t)))
    return t;

  /* If the constructor component is a call, determine if it can hide a
     potential overlap with the lhs through an INDIRECT_REF like above.
     ??? Ugh - this is completely broken.  In fact this whole analysis
     doesn't look conservative.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (t) == CALL_EXPR)
    {
      tree type, fntype = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (CALL_EXPR_FN (t)));

      for (type = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (fntype); type; type = TREE_CHAIN (type))
        if (POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_VALUE (type))
            && (!data->lhs_base_decl || TREE_ADDRESSABLE (data->lhs_base_decl))
            && alias_sets_conflict_p (data->lhs_alias_set,
                                      get_alias_set
                                        (TREE_TYPE (TREE_VALUE (type)))))
          return t;
    }

  if (IS_TYPE_OR_DECL_P (t))
    *walk_subtrees = 0;
  return NULL;
}

/* A subroutine of gimplify_init_constructor.  Pre-evaluate EXPR,
   force values that overlap with the lhs (as described by *DATA)
   into temporaries.  */

static void
gimplify_init_ctor_preeval (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p,
                            struct gimplify_init_ctor_preeval_data *data)
{
  enum gimplify_status one;

  /* If the value is constant, then there's nothing to pre-evaluate.  */
  if (TREE_CONSTANT (*expr_p))
    {
      /* Ensure it does not have side effects, it might contain a reference to
         the object we're initializing.  */
      gcc_assert (!TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (*expr_p));
      return;
    }

  /* If the type has non-trivial constructors, we can't pre-evaluate.  */
  if (TREE_ADDRESSABLE (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p)))
    return;

  /* Recurse for nested constructors.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == CONSTRUCTOR)
    {
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT ix;
      constructor_elt *ce;
      VEC(constructor_elt,gc) *v = CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (*expr_p);

      FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (constructor_elt, v, ix, ce)
        gimplify_init_ctor_preeval (&ce->value, pre_p, post_p, data);

      return;
    }

  /* If this is a variable sized type, we must remember the size.  */
  maybe_with_size_expr (expr_p);

  /* Gimplify the constructor element to something appropriate for the rhs
     of a MODIFY_EXPR.  Given that we know the LHS is an aggregate, we know
     the gimplifier will consider this a store to memory.  Doing this
     gimplification now means that we won't have to deal with complicated
     language-specific trees, nor trees like SAVE_EXPR that can induce
     exponential search behavior.  */
  one = gimplify_expr (expr_p, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_mem_rhs, fb_rvalue);
  if (one == GS_ERROR)
    {
      *expr_p = NULL;
      return;
    }

  /* If we gimplified to a bare decl, we can be sure that it doesn't overlap
     with the lhs, since "a = { .x=a }" doesn't make sense.  This will
     always be true for all scalars, since is_gimple_mem_rhs insists on a
     temporary variable for them.  */
  if (DECL_P (*expr_p))
    return;

  /* If this is of variable size, we have no choice but to assume it doesn't
     overlap since we can't make a temporary for it.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (TYPE_SIZE (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p))) != INTEGER_CST)
    return;

  /* Otherwise, we must search for overlap ...  */
  if (!walk_tree (expr_p, gimplify_init_ctor_preeval_1, data, NULL))
    return;

  /* ... and if found, force the value into a temporary.  */
  *expr_p = get_formal_tmp_var (*expr_p, pre_p);
}

/* A subroutine of gimplify_init_ctor_eval.  Create a loop for
   a RANGE_EXPR in a CONSTRUCTOR for an array.

      var = lower;
    loop_entry:
      object[var] = value;
      if (var == upper)
        goto loop_exit;
      var = var + 1;
      goto loop_entry;
    loop_exit:

   We increment var _after_ the loop exit check because we might otherwise
   fail if upper == TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type for upper).

   Note that we never have to deal with SAVE_EXPRs here, because this has
   already been taken care of for us, in gimplify_init_ctor_preeval().  */

static void gimplify_init_ctor_eval (tree, VEC(constructor_elt,gc) *,
                                     gimple_seq *, bool);

static void
gimplify_init_ctor_eval_range (tree object, tree lower, tree upper,
                               tree value, tree array_elt_type,
                               gimple_seq *pre_p, bool cleared)
{
  tree loop_entry_label, loop_exit_label, fall_thru_label;
  tree var, var_type, cref, tmp;

  loop_entry_label = create_artificial_label (UNKNOWN_LOCATION);
  loop_exit_label = create_artificial_label (UNKNOWN_LOCATION);
  fall_thru_label = create_artificial_label (UNKNOWN_LOCATION);

  /* Create and initialize the index variable.  */
  var_type = TREE_TYPE (upper);
  var = create_tmp_var (var_type, NULL);
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_assign (var, lower));

  /* Add the loop entry label.  */
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_label (loop_entry_label));

  /* Build the reference.  */
  cref = build4 (ARRAY_REF, array_elt_type, unshare_expr (object),
                 var, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);

  /* If we are a constructor, just call gimplify_init_ctor_eval to do
     the store.  Otherwise just assign value to the reference.  */

  if (TREE_CODE (value) == CONSTRUCTOR)
    /* NB we might have to call ourself recursively through
       gimplify_init_ctor_eval if the value is a constructor.  */
    gimplify_init_ctor_eval (cref, CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (value),
                             pre_p, cleared);
  else
    gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_assign (cref, value));

  /* We exit the loop when the index var is equal to the upper bound.  */
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p,
                         gimple_build_cond (EQ_EXPR, var, upper,
                                            loop_exit_label, fall_thru_label));

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_label (fall_thru_label));

  /* Otherwise, increment the index var...  */
  tmp = build2 (PLUS_EXPR, var_type, var,
                fold_convert (var_type, integer_one_node));
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_assign (var, tmp));

  /* ...and jump back to the loop entry.  */
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_goto (loop_entry_label));

  /* Add the loop exit label.  */
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_label (loop_exit_label));
}

/* Return true if FDECL is accessing a field that is zero sized.  */

static bool
zero_sized_field_decl (const_tree fdecl)
{
  if (TREE_CODE (fdecl) == FIELD_DECL && DECL_SIZE (fdecl)
      && integer_zerop (DECL_SIZE (fdecl)))
    return true;
  return false;
}

/* Return true if TYPE is zero sized.  */

static bool
zero_sized_type (const_tree type)
{
  if (AGGREGATE_TYPE_P (type) && TYPE_SIZE (type)
      && integer_zerop (TYPE_SIZE (type)))
    return true;
  return false;
}

/* A subroutine of gimplify_init_constructor.  Generate individual
   MODIFY_EXPRs for a CONSTRUCTOR.  OBJECT is the LHS against which the
   assignments should happen.  ELTS is the CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS of the
   CONSTRUCTOR.  CLEARED is true if the entire LHS object has been
   zeroed first.  */

static void
gimplify_init_ctor_eval (tree object, VEC(constructor_elt,gc) *elts,
                         gimple_seq *pre_p, bool cleared)
{
  tree array_elt_type = NULL;
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT ix;
  tree purpose, value;

  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (object)) == ARRAY_TYPE)
    array_elt_type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (object)));

  FOR_EACH_CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (elts, ix, purpose, value)
    {
      tree cref;

      /* NULL values are created above for gimplification errors.  */
      if (value == NULL)
        continue;

      if (cleared && initializer_zerop (value))
        continue;

      /* ??? Here's to hoping the front end fills in all of the indices,
         so we don't have to figure out what's missing ourselves.  */
      gcc_assert (purpose);

      /* Skip zero-sized fields, unless value has side-effects.  This can
         happen with calls to functions returning a zero-sized type, which
         we shouldn't discard.  As a number of downstream passes don't
         expect sets of zero-sized fields, we rely on the gimplification of
         the MODIFY_EXPR we make below to drop the assignment statement.  */
      if (! TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (value) && zero_sized_field_decl (purpose))
        continue;

      /* If we have a RANGE_EXPR, we have to build a loop to assign the
         whole range.  */
      if (TREE_CODE (purpose) == RANGE_EXPR)
        {
          tree lower = TREE_OPERAND (purpose, 0);
          tree upper = TREE_OPERAND (purpose, 1);

          /* If the lower bound is equal to upper, just treat it as if
             upper was the index.  */
          if (simple_cst_equal (lower, upper))
            purpose = upper;
          else
            {
              gimplify_init_ctor_eval_range (object, lower, upper, value,
                                             array_elt_type, pre_p, cleared);
              continue;
            }
        }

      if (array_elt_type)
        {
          /* Do not use bitsizetype for ARRAY_REF indices.  */
          if (TYPE_DOMAIN (TREE_TYPE (object)))
            purpose = fold_convert (TREE_TYPE (TYPE_DOMAIN (TREE_TYPE (object))),
                                    purpose);
          cref = build4 (ARRAY_REF, array_elt_type, unshare_expr (object),
                         purpose, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);
        }
      else
        {
          gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (purpose) == FIELD_DECL);
          cref = build3 (COMPONENT_REF, TREE_TYPE (purpose),
                         unshare_expr (object), purpose, NULL_TREE);
        }

      if (TREE_CODE (value) == CONSTRUCTOR
          && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (value)) != VECTOR_TYPE)
        gimplify_init_ctor_eval (cref, CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (value),
                                 pre_p, cleared);
      else
        {
          tree init = build2 (INIT_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (cref), cref, value);
          gimplify_and_add (init, pre_p);
          ggc_free (init);
        }
    }
}


/* Returns the appropriate RHS predicate for this LHS.  */

gimple_predicate
rhs_predicate_for (tree lhs)
{
  if (is_gimple_reg (lhs))
    return is_gimple_reg_rhs_or_call;
  else
    return is_gimple_mem_rhs_or_call;
}

/* Gimplify a C99 compound literal expression.  This just means adding
   the DECL_EXPR before the current statement and using its anonymous
   decl instead.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_compound_literal_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree decl_s = COMPOUND_LITERAL_EXPR_DECL_EXPR (*expr_p);
  tree decl = DECL_EXPR_DECL (decl_s);
  /* Mark the decl as addressable if the compound literal
     expression is addressable now, otherwise it is marked too late
     after we gimplify the initialization expression.  */
  if (TREE_ADDRESSABLE (*expr_p))
    TREE_ADDRESSABLE (decl) = 1;

  /* Preliminarily mark non-addressed complex variables as eligible
     for promotion to gimple registers.  We'll transform their uses
     as we find them.  */
  if ((TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (decl)) == COMPLEX_TYPE
       || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (decl)) == VECTOR_TYPE)
      && !TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (decl)
      && !needs_to_live_in_memory (decl))
    DECL_GIMPLE_REG_P (decl) = 1;

  /* This decl isn't mentioned in the enclosing block, so add it to the
     list of temps.  FIXME it seems a bit of a kludge to say that
     anonymous artificial vars aren't pushed, but everything else is.  */
  if (DECL_NAME (decl) == NULL_TREE && !DECL_SEEN_IN_BIND_EXPR_P (decl))
    gimple_add_tmp_var (decl);

  gimplify_and_add (decl_s, pre_p);
  *expr_p = decl;
  return GS_OK;
}

/* Optimize embedded COMPOUND_LITERAL_EXPRs within a CONSTRUCTOR,
   return a new CONSTRUCTOR if something changed.  */

static tree
optimize_compound_literals_in_ctor (tree orig_ctor)
{
  tree ctor = orig_ctor;
  VEC(constructor_elt,gc) *elts = CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (ctor);
  unsigned int idx, num = VEC_length (constructor_elt, elts);

  for (idx = 0; idx < num; idx++)
    {
      tree value = VEC_index (constructor_elt, elts, idx)->value;
      tree newval = value;
      if (TREE_CODE (value) == CONSTRUCTOR)
        newval = optimize_compound_literals_in_ctor (value);
      else if (TREE_CODE (value) == COMPOUND_LITERAL_EXPR)
        {
          tree decl_s = COMPOUND_LITERAL_EXPR_DECL_EXPR (value);
          tree decl = DECL_EXPR_DECL (decl_s);
          tree init = DECL_INITIAL (decl);

          if (!TREE_ADDRESSABLE (value)
              && !TREE_ADDRESSABLE (decl)
              && init)
            newval = optimize_compound_literals_in_ctor (init);
        }
      if (newval == value)
        continue;

      if (ctor == orig_ctor)
        {
          ctor = copy_node (orig_ctor);
          CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (ctor) = VEC_copy (constructor_elt, gc, elts);
          elts = CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (ctor);
        }
      VEC_index (constructor_elt, elts, idx)->value = newval;
    }
  return ctor;
}



/* A subroutine of gimplify_modify_expr.  Break out elements of a
   CONSTRUCTOR used as an initializer into separate MODIFY_EXPRs.

   Note that we still need to clear any elements that don't have explicit
   initializers, so if not all elements are initialized we keep the
   original MODIFY_EXPR, we just remove all of the constructor elements.

   If NOTIFY_TEMP_CREATION is true, do not gimplify, just return
   GS_ERROR if we would have to create a temporary when gimplifying
   this constructor.  Otherwise, return GS_OK.

   If NOTIFY_TEMP_CREATION is false, just do the gimplification.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_init_constructor (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p,
                           bool want_value, bool notify_temp_creation)
{
  tree object, ctor, type;
  enum gimplify_status ret;
  VEC(constructor_elt,gc) *elts;

  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1)) == CONSTRUCTOR);

  if (!notify_temp_creation)
    {
      ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p, post_p,
                           is_gimple_lvalue, fb_lvalue);
      if (ret == GS_ERROR)
        return ret;
    }

  object = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  ctor = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1) =
    optimize_compound_literals_in_ctor (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1));
  type = TREE_TYPE (ctor);
  elts = CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (ctor);
  ret = GS_ALL_DONE;

  switch (TREE_CODE (type))
    {
    case RECORD_TYPE:
    case UNION_TYPE:
    case QUAL_UNION_TYPE:
    case ARRAY_TYPE:
      {
        struct gimplify_init_ctor_preeval_data preeval_data;
        HOST_WIDE_INT num_type_elements, num_ctor_elements;
        HOST_WIDE_INT num_nonzero_elements;
        bool cleared, valid_const_initializer;

        /* Aggregate types must lower constructors to initialization of
           individual elements.  The exception is that a CONSTRUCTOR node
           with no elements indicates zero-initialization of the whole.  */
        if (VEC_empty (constructor_elt, elts))
          {
            if (notify_temp_creation)
              return GS_OK;
            break;
          }

        /* Fetch information about the constructor to direct later processing.
           We might want to make static versions of it in various cases, and
           can only do so if it known to be a valid constant initializer.  */
        valid_const_initializer
          = categorize_ctor_elements (ctor, &num_nonzero_elements,
                                      &num_ctor_elements, &cleared);

        /* If a const aggregate variable is being initialized, then it
           should never be a lose to promote the variable to be static.  */
        if (valid_const_initializer
            && num_nonzero_elements > 1
            && TREE_READONLY (object)
            && TREE_CODE (object) == VAR_DECL
            && (flag_merge_constants >= 2 || !TREE_ADDRESSABLE (object)))
          {
            if (notify_temp_creation)
              return GS_ERROR;
            DECL_INITIAL (object) = ctor;
            TREE_STATIC (object) = 1;
            if (!DECL_NAME (object))
              DECL_NAME (object) = create_tmp_var_name ("C");
            walk_tree (&DECL_INITIAL (object), force_labels_r, NULL, NULL);

            /* ??? C++ doesn't automatically append a .<number> to the
               assembler name, and even when it does, it looks a FE private
               data structures to figure out what that number should be,
               which are not set for this variable.  I suppose this is
               important for local statics for inline functions, which aren't
               "local" in the object file sense.  So in order to get a unique
               TU-local symbol, we must invoke the lhd version now.  */
            lhd_set_decl_assembler_name (object);

            *expr_p = NULL_TREE;
            break;
          }

        /* If there are "lots" of initialized elements, even discounting
           those that are not address constants (and thus *must* be
           computed at runtime), then partition the constructor into
           constant and non-constant parts.  Block copy the constant
           parts in, then generate code for the non-constant parts.  */
        /* TODO.  There's code in cp/typeck.c to do this.  */

        num_type_elements = count_type_elements (type, true);

        /* If count_type_elements could not determine number of type elements
           for a constant-sized object, assume clearing is needed.
           Don't do this for variable-sized objects, as store_constructor
           will ignore the clearing of variable-sized objects.  */
        if (num_type_elements < 0 && int_size_in_bytes (type) >= 0)
          cleared = true;
        /* If there are "lots" of zeros, then block clear the object first.  */
        else if (num_type_elements - num_nonzero_elements
                 > CLEAR_RATIO (optimize_function_for_speed_p (cfun))
                 && num_nonzero_elements < num_type_elements/4)
          cleared = true;
        /* ??? This bit ought not be needed.  For any element not present
           in the initializer, we should simply set them to zero.  Except
           we'd need to *find* the elements that are not present, and that
           requires trickery to avoid quadratic compile-time behavior in
           large cases or excessive memory use in small cases.  */
        else if (num_ctor_elements < num_type_elements)
          cleared = true;

        /* If there are "lots" of initialized elements, and all of them
           are valid address constants, then the entire initializer can
           be dropped to memory, and then memcpy'd out.  Don't do this
           for sparse arrays, though, as it's more efficient to follow
           the standard CONSTRUCTOR behavior of memset followed by
           individual element initialization.  Also don't do this for small
           all-zero initializers (which aren't big enough to merit
           clearing), and don't try to make bitwise copies of
           TREE_ADDRESSABLE types.  */
        if (valid_const_initializer
            && !(cleared || num_nonzero_elements == 0)
            && !TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type))
          {
            HOST_WIDE_INT size = int_size_in_bytes (type);
            unsigned int align;

            /* ??? We can still get unbounded array types, at least
               from the C++ front end.  This seems wrong, but attempt
               to work around it for now.  */
            if (size < 0)
              {
                size = int_size_in_bytes (TREE_TYPE (object));
                if (size >= 0)
                  TREE_TYPE (ctor) = type = TREE_TYPE (object);
              }

            /* Find the maximum alignment we can assume for the object.  */
            /* ??? Make use of DECL_OFFSET_ALIGN.  */
            if (DECL_P (object))
              align = DECL_ALIGN (object);
            else
              align = TYPE_ALIGN (type);

            if (size > 0
                && num_nonzero_elements > 1
                && !can_move_by_pieces (size, align))
              {
                if (notify_temp_creation)
                  return GS_ERROR;

                walk_tree (&ctor, force_labels_r, NULL, NULL);
                ctor = tree_output_constant_def (ctor);
                if (!useless_type_conversion_p (type, TREE_TYPE (ctor)))
                  ctor = build1 (VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR, type, ctor);
                TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1) = ctor;

                /* This is no longer an assignment of a CONSTRUCTOR, but
                   we still may have processing to do on the LHS.  So
                   pretend we didn't do anything here to let that happen.  */
                return GS_UNHANDLED;
              }
          }

        /* If the target is volatile, we have non-zero elements and more than
           one field to assign, initialize the target from a temporary.  */
        if (TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (object)
            && !TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type)
            && num_nonzero_elements > 0
            && VEC_length (constructor_elt, elts) > 1)
          {
            tree temp = create_tmp_var (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type), NULL);
            TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0) = temp;
            *expr_p = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (*expr_p),
                              *expr_p,
                              build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, void_type_node,
                                      object, temp));
            return GS_OK;
          }

        if (notify_temp_creation)
          return GS_OK;

        /* If there are nonzero elements and if needed, pre-evaluate to capture
           elements overlapping with the lhs into temporaries.  We must do this
           before clearing to fetch the values before they are zeroed-out.  */
        if (num_nonzero_elements > 0 && TREE_CODE (*expr_p) != INIT_EXPR)
          {
            preeval_data.lhs_base_decl = get_base_address (object);
            if (!DECL_P (preeval_data.lhs_base_decl))
              preeval_data.lhs_base_decl = NULL;
            preeval_data.lhs_alias_set = get_alias_set (object);

            gimplify_init_ctor_preeval (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1),
                                        pre_p, post_p, &preeval_data);
          }

        if (cleared)
          {
            /* Zap the CONSTRUCTOR element list, which simplifies this case.
               Note that we still have to gimplify, in order to handle the
               case of variable sized types.  Avoid shared tree structures.  */
            CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (ctor) = NULL;
            TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (ctor) = 0;
            object = unshare_expr (object);
            gimplify_stmt (expr_p, pre_p);
          }

        /* If we have not block cleared the object, or if there are nonzero
           elements in the constructor, add assignments to the individual
           scalar fields of the object.  */
        if (!cleared || num_nonzero_elements > 0)
          gimplify_init_ctor_eval (object, elts, pre_p, cleared);

        *expr_p = NULL_TREE;
      }
      break;

    case COMPLEX_TYPE:
      {
        tree r, i;

        if (notify_temp_creation)
          return GS_OK;

        /* Extract the real and imaginary parts out of the ctor.  */
        gcc_assert (VEC_length (constructor_elt, elts) == 2);
        r = VEC_index (constructor_elt, elts, 0)->value;
        i = VEC_index (constructor_elt, elts, 1)->value;
        if (r == NULL || i == NULL)
          {
            tree zero = fold_convert (TREE_TYPE (type), integer_zero_node);
            if (r == NULL)
              r = zero;
            if (i == NULL)
              i = zero;
          }

        /* Complex types have either COMPLEX_CST or COMPLEX_EXPR to
           represent creation of a complex value.  */
        if (TREE_CONSTANT (r) && TREE_CONSTANT (i))
          {
            ctor = build_complex (type, r, i);
            TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1) = ctor;
          }
        else
          {
            ctor = build2 (COMPLEX_EXPR, type, r, i);
            TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1) = ctor;
            ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1),
                                 pre_p,
                                 post_p,
                                 rhs_predicate_for (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0)),
                                 fb_rvalue);
          }
      }
      break;

    case VECTOR_TYPE:
      {
        unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT ix;
        constructor_elt *ce;

        if (notify_temp_creation)
          return GS_OK;

        /* Go ahead and simplify constant constructors to VECTOR_CST.  */
        if (TREE_CONSTANT (ctor))
          {
            bool constant_p = true;
            tree value;

            /* Even when ctor is constant, it might contain non-*_CST
               elements, such as addresses or trapping values like
               1.0/0.0 - 1.0/0.0.  Such expressions don't belong
               in VECTOR_CST nodes.  */
            FOR_EACH_CONSTRUCTOR_VALUE (elts, ix, value)
              if (!CONSTANT_CLASS_P (value))
                {
                  constant_p = false;
                  break;
                }

            if (constant_p)
              {
                TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1) = build_vector_from_ctor (type, elts);
                break;
              }

            /* Don't reduce an initializer constant even if we can't
               make a VECTOR_CST.  It won't do anything for us, and it'll
               prevent us from representing it as a single constant.  */
            if (initializer_constant_valid_p (ctor, type))
              break;

            TREE_CONSTANT (ctor) = 0;
          }

        /* Vector types use CONSTRUCTOR all the way through gimple
          compilation as a general initializer.  */
        FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (constructor_elt, elts, ix, ce)
          {
            enum gimplify_status tret;
            tret = gimplify_expr (&ce->value, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_val,
                                  fb_rvalue);
            if (tret == GS_ERROR)
              ret = GS_ERROR;
          }
        if (!is_gimple_reg (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0)))
          TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1) = get_formal_tmp_var (ctor, pre_p);
      }
      break;

    default:
      /* So how did we get a CONSTRUCTOR for a scalar type?  */
      gcc_unreachable ();
    }

  if (ret == GS_ERROR)
    return GS_ERROR;
  else if (want_value)
    {
      *expr_p = object;
      return GS_OK;
    }
  else
    {
      /* If we have gimplified both sides of the initializer but have
         not emitted an assignment, do so now.  */
      if (*expr_p)
        {
          tree lhs = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
          tree rhs = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);
          gimple init = gimple_build_assign (lhs, rhs);
          gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, init);
          *expr_p = NULL;
        }

      return GS_ALL_DONE;
    }
}

/* Given a pointer value OP0, return a simplified version of an
   indirection through OP0, or NULL_TREE if no simplification is
   possible.  Note that the resulting type may be different from
   the type pointed to in the sense that it is still compatible
   from the langhooks point of view. */

tree
gimple_fold_indirect_ref (tree t)
{
  tree ptype = TREE_TYPE (t), type = TREE_TYPE (ptype);
  tree sub = t;
  tree subtype;

  STRIP_NOPS (sub);
  subtype = TREE_TYPE (sub);
  if (!POINTER_TYPE_P (subtype))
    return NULL_TREE;

  if (TREE_CODE (sub) == ADDR_EXPR)
    {
      tree op = TREE_OPERAND (sub, 0);
      tree optype = TREE_TYPE (op);
      /* *&p => p */
      if (useless_type_conversion_p (type, optype))
        return op;

      /* *(foo *)&fooarray => fooarray[0] */
      if (TREE_CODE (optype) == ARRAY_TYPE
          && TREE_CODE (TYPE_SIZE (TREE_TYPE (optype))) == INTEGER_CST
          && useless_type_conversion_p (type, TREE_TYPE (optype)))
       {
         tree type_domain = TYPE_DOMAIN (optype);
         tree min_val = size_zero_node;
         if (type_domain && TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type_domain))
           min_val = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type_domain);
         if (TREE_CODE (min_val) == INTEGER_CST)
           return build4 (ARRAY_REF, type, op, min_val, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);
       }
      /* *(foo *)&complexfoo => __real__ complexfoo */
      else if (TREE_CODE (optype) == COMPLEX_TYPE
               && useless_type_conversion_p (type, TREE_TYPE (optype)))
        return fold_build1 (REALPART_EXPR, type, op);
      /* *(foo *)&vectorfoo => BIT_FIELD_REF<vectorfoo,...> */
      else if (TREE_CODE (optype) == VECTOR_TYPE
               && useless_type_conversion_p (type, TREE_TYPE (optype)))
        {
          tree part_width = TYPE_SIZE (type);
          tree index = bitsize_int (0);
          return fold_build3 (BIT_FIELD_REF, type, op, part_width, index);
        }
    }

  /* *(p + CST) -> ...  */
  if (TREE_CODE (sub) == POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
      && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (sub, 1)) == INTEGER_CST)
    {
      tree addr = TREE_OPERAND (sub, 0);
      tree off = TREE_OPERAND (sub, 1);
      tree addrtype;

      STRIP_NOPS (addr);
      addrtype = TREE_TYPE (addr);

      /* ((foo*)&vectorfoo)[1] -> BIT_FIELD_REF<vectorfoo,...> */
      if (TREE_CODE (addr) == ADDR_EXPR
          && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (addrtype)) == VECTOR_TYPE
          && useless_type_conversion_p (type, TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (addrtype))))
        {
          HOST_WIDE_INT offset = tree_low_cst (off, 0);
          tree part_width = TYPE_SIZE (type);
          unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT part_widthi
            = tree_low_cst (part_width, 0) / BITS_PER_UNIT;
          unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT indexi = offset * BITS_PER_UNIT;
          tree index = bitsize_int (indexi);
          if (offset / part_widthi
              <= TYPE_VECTOR_SUBPARTS (TREE_TYPE (addrtype)))
            return fold_build3 (BIT_FIELD_REF, type, TREE_OPERAND (addr, 0),
                                part_width, index);
        }

      /* ((foo*)&complexfoo)[1] -> __imag__ complexfoo */
      if (TREE_CODE (addr) == ADDR_EXPR
          && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (addrtype)) == COMPLEX_TYPE
          && useless_type_conversion_p (type, TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (addrtype))))
        {
          tree size = TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type);
          if (tree_int_cst_equal (size, off))
            return fold_build1 (IMAGPART_EXPR, type, TREE_OPERAND (addr, 0));
        }

      /* *(p + CST) -> MEM_REF <p, CST>.  */
      if (TREE_CODE (addr) != ADDR_EXPR
          || DECL_P (TREE_OPERAND (addr, 0)))
        return fold_build2 (MEM_REF, type,
                            addr,
                            build_int_cst_wide (ptype,
                                                TREE_INT_CST_LOW (off),
                                                TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (off)));
    }

  /* *(foo *)fooarrptr => (*fooarrptr)[0] */
  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (subtype)) == ARRAY_TYPE
      && TREE_CODE (TYPE_SIZE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (subtype)))) == INTEGER_CST
      && useless_type_conversion_p (type, TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (subtype))))
    {
      tree type_domain;
      tree min_val = size_zero_node;
      tree osub = sub;
      sub = gimple_fold_indirect_ref (sub);
      if (! sub)
        sub = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, TREE_TYPE (subtype), osub);
      type_domain = TYPE_DOMAIN (TREE_TYPE (sub));
      if (type_domain && TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type_domain))
        min_val = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type_domain);
      if (TREE_CODE (min_val) == INTEGER_CST)
        return build4 (ARRAY_REF, type, sub, min_val, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);
    }

  return NULL_TREE;
}

/* Given a pointer value OP0, return a simplified version of an
   indirection through OP0, or NULL_TREE if no simplification is
   possible.  This may only be applied to a rhs of an expression.
   Note that the resulting type may be different from the type pointed
   to in the sense that it is still compatible from the langhooks
   point of view. */

static tree
gimple_fold_indirect_ref_rhs (tree t)
{
  return gimple_fold_indirect_ref (t);
}

/* Subroutine of gimplify_modify_expr to do simplifications of
   MODIFY_EXPRs based on the code of the RHS.  We loop for as long as
   something changes.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_modify_expr_rhs (tree *expr_p, tree *from_p, tree *to_p,
                          gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p,
                          bool want_value)
{
  enum gimplify_status ret = GS_UNHANDLED;
  bool changed;

  do
    {
      changed = false;
      switch (TREE_CODE (*from_p))
        {
        case VAR_DECL:
          /* If we're assigning from a read-only variable initialized with
             a constructor, do the direct assignment from the constructor,
             but only if neither source nor target are volatile since this
             latter assignment might end up being done on a per-field basis.  */
          if (DECL_INITIAL (*from_p)
              && TREE_READONLY (*from_p)
              && !TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (*from_p)
              && !TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (*to_p)
              && TREE_CODE (DECL_INITIAL (*from_p)) == CONSTRUCTOR)
            {
              tree old_from = *from_p;
              enum gimplify_status subret;

              /* Move the constructor into the RHS.  */
              *from_p = unshare_expr (DECL_INITIAL (*from_p));

              /* Let's see if gimplify_init_constructor will need to put
                 it in memory.  */
              subret = gimplify_init_constructor (expr_p, NULL, NULL,
                                                  false, true);
              if (subret == GS_ERROR)
                {
                  /* If so, revert the change.  */
                  *from_p = old_from;
                }
              else
                {
                  ret = GS_OK;
                  changed = true;
                }
            }
          break;
        case INDIRECT_REF:
          {
            /* If we have code like

             *(const A*)(A*)&x

             where the type of "x" is a (possibly cv-qualified variant
             of "A"), treat the entire expression as identical to "x".
             This kind of code arises in C++ when an object is bound
             to a const reference, and if "x" is a TARGET_EXPR we want
             to take advantage of the optimization below.  */
            bool volatile_p = TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (*from_p);
            tree t = gimple_fold_indirect_ref_rhs (TREE_OPERAND (*from_p, 0));
            if (t)
              {
                if (TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (t) != volatile_p)
                  {
                    if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (TREE_CODE (t)) == tcc_declaration)
                      t = build_simple_mem_ref_loc (EXPR_LOCATION (*from_p),
                                                    build_fold_addr_expr (t));
                    if (REFERENCE_CLASS_P (t))
                      TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (t) = volatile_p;
                  }
                *from_p = t;
                ret = GS_OK;
                changed = true;
              }
            break;
          }

        case TARGET_EXPR:
          {
            /* If we are initializing something from a TARGET_EXPR, strip the
               TARGET_EXPR and initialize it directly, if possible.  This can't
               be done if the initializer is void, since that implies that the
               temporary is set in some non-trivial way.

               ??? What about code that pulls out the temp and uses it
               elsewhere? I think that such code never uses the TARGET_EXPR as
               an initializer.  If I'm wrong, we'll die because the temp won't
               have any RTL.  In that case, I guess we'll need to replace
               references somehow.  */
            tree init = TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (*from_p);

            if (init
                && !VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (init)))
              {
                *from_p = init;
                ret = GS_OK;
                changed = true;
              }
          }
          break;

        case COMPOUND_EXPR:
          /* Remove any COMPOUND_EXPR in the RHS so the following cases will be
             caught.  */
          gimplify_compound_expr (from_p, pre_p, true);
          ret = GS_OK;
          changed = true;
          break;

        case CONSTRUCTOR:
          /* If we already made some changes, let the front end have a
             crack at this before we break it down.  */
          if (ret != GS_UNHANDLED)
            break;
          /* If we're initializing from a CONSTRUCTOR, break this into
             individual MODIFY_EXPRs.  */
          return gimplify_init_constructor (expr_p, pre_p, post_p, want_value,
                                            false);

        case COND_EXPR:
          /* If we're assigning to a non-register type, push the assignment
             down into the branches.  This is mandatory for ADDRESSABLE types,
             since we cannot generate temporaries for such, but it saves a
             copy in other cases as well.  */
          if (!is_gimple_reg_type (TREE_TYPE (*from_p)))
            {
              /* This code should mirror the code in gimplify_cond_expr. */
              enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (*expr_p);
              tree cond = *from_p;
              tree result = *to_p;

              ret = gimplify_expr (&result, pre_p, post_p,
                                   is_gimple_lvalue, fb_lvalue);
              if (ret != GS_ERROR)
                ret = GS_OK;

              if (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (cond, 1)) != void_type_node)
                TREE_OPERAND (cond, 1)
                  = build2 (code, void_type_node, result,
                            TREE_OPERAND (cond, 1));
              if (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (cond, 2)) != void_type_node)
                TREE_OPERAND (cond, 2)
                  = build2 (code, void_type_node, unshare_expr (result),
                            TREE_OPERAND (cond, 2));

              TREE_TYPE (cond) = void_type_node;
              recalculate_side_effects (cond);

              if (want_value)
                {
                  gimplify_and_add (cond, pre_p);
                  *expr_p = unshare_expr (result);
                }
              else
                *expr_p = cond;
              return ret;
            }
          break;

        case CALL_EXPR:
          /* For calls that return in memory, give *to_p as the CALL_EXPR's
             return slot so that we don't generate a temporary.  */
          if (!CALL_EXPR_RETURN_SLOT_OPT (*from_p)
              && aggregate_value_p (*from_p, *from_p))
            {
              bool use_target;

              if (!(rhs_predicate_for (*to_p))(*from_p))
                /* If we need a temporary, *to_p isn't accurate.  */
                use_target = false;
              else if (TREE_CODE (*to_p) == RESULT_DECL
                       && DECL_NAME (*to_p) == NULL_TREE
                       && needs_to_live_in_memory (*to_p))
                /* It's OK to use the return slot directly unless it's an NRV. */
                use_target = true;
              else if (is_gimple_reg_type (TREE_TYPE (*to_p))
                       || (DECL_P (*to_p) && DECL_REGISTER (*to_p)))
                /* Don't force regs into memory.  */
                use_target = false;
              else if (TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == INIT_EXPR)
                /* It's OK to use the target directly if it's being
                   initialized. */
                use_target = true;
              else if (!is_gimple_non_addressable (*to_p))
                /* Don't use the original target if it's already addressable;
                   if its address escapes, and the called function uses the
                   NRV optimization, a conforming program could see *to_p
                   change before the called function returns; see c++/19317.
                   When optimizing, the return_slot pass marks more functions
                   as safe after we have escape info.  */
                use_target = false;
              else
                use_target = true;

              if (use_target)
                {
                  CALL_EXPR_RETURN_SLOT_OPT (*from_p) = 1;
                  mark_addressable (*to_p);
                }
            }
          break;

        case WITH_SIZE_EXPR:
          /* Likewise for calls that return an aggregate of non-constant size,
             since we would not be able to generate a temporary at all.  */
          if (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (*from_p, 0)) == CALL_EXPR)
            {
              *from_p = TREE_OPERAND (*from_p, 0);
              /* We don't change ret in this case because the
                 WITH_SIZE_EXPR might have been added in
                 gimplify_modify_expr, so returning GS_OK would lead to an
                 infinite loop.  */
              changed = true;
            }
          break;

          /* If we're initializing from a container, push the initialization
             inside it.  */
        case CLEANUP_POINT_EXPR:
        case BIND_EXPR:
        case STATEMENT_LIST:
          {
            tree wrap = *from_p;
            tree t;

            ret = gimplify_expr (to_p, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_min_lval,
                                 fb_lvalue);
            if (ret != GS_ERROR)
              ret = GS_OK;

            t = voidify_wrapper_expr (wrap, *expr_p);
            gcc_assert (t == *expr_p);

            if (want_value)
              {
                gimplify_and_add (wrap, pre_p);
                *expr_p = unshare_expr (*to_p);
              }
            else
              *expr_p = wrap;
            return GS_OK;
          }

        case COMPOUND_LITERAL_EXPR:
          {
            tree complit = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);
            tree decl_s = COMPOUND_LITERAL_EXPR_DECL_EXPR (complit);
            tree decl = DECL_EXPR_DECL (decl_s);
            tree init = DECL_INITIAL (decl);

            /* struct T x = (struct T) { 0, 1, 2 } can be optimized
               into struct T x = { 0, 1, 2 } if the address of the
               compound literal has never been taken.  */
            if (!TREE_ADDRESSABLE (complit)
                && !TREE_ADDRESSABLE (decl)
                && init)
              {
                *expr_p = copy_node (*expr_p);
                TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1) = init;
                return GS_OK;
              }
          }

        default:
          break;
        }
    }
  while (changed);

  return ret;
}


/* Promote partial stores to COMPLEX variables to total stores.  *EXPR_P is
   a MODIFY_EXPR with a lhs of a REAL/IMAGPART_EXPR of a variable with
   DECL_GIMPLE_REG_P set.

   IMPORTANT NOTE: This promotion is performed by introducing a load of the
   other, unmodified part of the complex object just before the total store.
   As a consequence, if the object is still uninitialized, an undefined value
   will be loaded into a register, which may result in a spurious exception
   if the register is floating-point and the value happens to be a signaling
   NaN for example.  Then the fully-fledged complex operations lowering pass
   followed by a DCE pass are necessary in order to fix things up.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_modify_expr_complex_part (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p,
                                   bool want_value)
{
  enum tree_code code, ocode;
  tree lhs, rhs, new_rhs, other, realpart, imagpart;

  lhs = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  rhs = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);
  code = TREE_CODE (lhs);
  lhs = TREE_OPERAND (lhs, 0);

  ocode = code == REALPART_EXPR ? IMAGPART_EXPR : REALPART_EXPR;
  other = build1 (ocode, TREE_TYPE (rhs), lhs);
  other = get_formal_tmp_var (other, pre_p);

  realpart = code == REALPART_EXPR ? rhs : other;
  imagpart = code == REALPART_EXPR ? other : rhs;

  if (TREE_CONSTANT (realpart) && TREE_CONSTANT (imagpart))
    new_rhs = build_complex (TREE_TYPE (lhs), realpart, imagpart);
  else
    new_rhs = build2 (COMPLEX_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (lhs), realpart, imagpart);

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_assign (lhs, new_rhs));
  *expr_p = (want_value) ? rhs : NULL_TREE;

  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}


/* Gimplify the MODIFY_EXPR node pointed to by EXPR_P.

      modify_expr
              : varname '=' rhs
              | '*' ID '=' rhs

    PRE_P points to the list where side effects that must happen before
        *EXPR_P should be stored.

    POST_P points to the list where side effects that must happen after
        *EXPR_P should be stored.

    WANT_VALUE is nonzero iff we want to use the value of this expression
        in another expression.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_modify_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p,
                      bool want_value)
{
  tree *from_p = &TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);
  tree *to_p = &TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  enum gimplify_status ret = GS_UNHANDLED;
  gimple assign;
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);

  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == MODIFY_EXPR
              || TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == INIT_EXPR);

  /* Insert pointer conversions required by the middle-end that are not
     required by the frontend.  This fixes middle-end type checking for
     for example gcc.dg/redecl-6.c.  */
  if (POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (*to_p)))
    {
      STRIP_USELESS_TYPE_CONVERSION (*from_p);
      if (!useless_type_conversion_p (TREE_TYPE (*to_p), TREE_TYPE (*from_p)))
        *from_p = fold_convert_loc (loc, TREE_TYPE (*to_p), *from_p);
    }

  /* See if any simplifications can be done based on what the RHS is.  */
  ret = gimplify_modify_expr_rhs (expr_p, from_p, to_p, pre_p, post_p,
                                  want_value);
  if (ret != GS_UNHANDLED)
    return ret;

  /* For zero sized types only gimplify the left hand side and right hand
     side as statements and throw away the assignment.  Do this after
     gimplify_modify_expr_rhs so we handle TARGET_EXPRs of addressable
     types properly.  */
  if (zero_sized_type (TREE_TYPE (*from_p)) && !want_value)
    {
      gimplify_stmt (from_p, pre_p);
      gimplify_stmt (to_p, pre_p);
      *expr_p = NULL_TREE;
      return GS_ALL_DONE;
    }

  /* If the value being copied is of variable width, compute the length
     of the copy into a WITH_SIZE_EXPR.   Note that we need to do this
     before gimplifying any of the operands so that we can resolve any
     PLACEHOLDER_EXPRs in the size.  Also note that the RTL expander uses
     the size of the expression to be copied, not of the destination, so
     that is what we must do here.  */
  maybe_with_size_expr (from_p);

  ret = gimplify_expr (to_p, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_lvalue, fb_lvalue);
  if (ret == GS_ERROR)
    return ret;

  /* As a special case, we have to temporarily allow for assignments
     with a CALL_EXPR on the RHS.  Since in GIMPLE a function call is
     a toplevel statement, when gimplifying the GENERIC expression
     MODIFY_EXPR <a, CALL_EXPR <foo>>, we cannot create the tuple
     GIMPLE_ASSIGN <a, GIMPLE_CALL <foo>>.

     Instead, we need to create the tuple GIMPLE_CALL <a, foo>.  To
     prevent gimplify_expr from trying to create a new temporary for
     foo's LHS, we tell it that it should only gimplify until it
     reaches the CALL_EXPR.  On return from gimplify_expr, the newly
     created GIMPLE_CALL <foo> will be the last statement in *PRE_P
     and all we need to do here is set 'a' to be its LHS.  */
  ret = gimplify_expr (from_p, pre_p, post_p, rhs_predicate_for (*to_p),
                       fb_rvalue);
  if (ret == GS_ERROR)
    return ret;

  /* Now see if the above changed *from_p to something we handle specially.  */
  ret = gimplify_modify_expr_rhs (expr_p, from_p, to_p, pre_p, post_p,
                                  want_value);
  if (ret != GS_UNHANDLED)
    return ret;

  /* If we've got a variable sized assignment between two lvalues (i.e. does
     not involve a call), then we can make things a bit more straightforward
     by converting the assignment to memcpy or memset.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (*from_p) == WITH_SIZE_EXPR)
    {
      tree from = TREE_OPERAND (*from_p, 0);
      tree size = TREE_OPERAND (*from_p, 1);

      if (TREE_CODE (from) == CONSTRUCTOR)
        return gimplify_modify_expr_to_memset (expr_p, size, want_value, pre_p);

      if (is_gimple_addressable (from))
        {
          *from_p = from;
          return gimplify_modify_expr_to_memcpy (expr_p, size, want_value,
                                                 pre_p);
        }
    }

  /* Transform partial stores to non-addressable complex variables into
     total stores.  This allows us to use real instead of virtual operands
     for these variables, which improves optimization.  */
  if ((TREE_CODE (*to_p) == REALPART_EXPR
       || TREE_CODE (*to_p) == IMAGPART_EXPR)
      && is_gimple_reg (TREE_OPERAND (*to_p, 0)))
    return gimplify_modify_expr_complex_part (expr_p, pre_p, want_value);

  /* Try to alleviate the effects of the gimplification creating artificial
     temporaries (see for example is_gimple_reg_rhs) on the debug info.  */
  if (!gimplify_ctxp->into_ssa
      && TREE_CODE (*from_p) == VAR_DECL
      && DECL_IGNORED_P (*from_p)
      && DECL_P (*to_p)
      && !DECL_IGNORED_P (*to_p))
    {
      if (!DECL_NAME (*from_p) && DECL_NAME (*to_p))
        DECL_NAME (*from_p)
          = create_tmp_var_name (IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_NAME (*to_p)));
      DECL_DEBUG_EXPR_IS_FROM (*from_p) = 1;
      SET_DECL_DEBUG_EXPR (*from_p, *to_p);
   }

  if (want_value && TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (*to_p))
    *from_p = get_initialized_tmp_var (*from_p, pre_p, post_p);

  if (TREE_CODE (*from_p) == CALL_EXPR)
    {
      /* Since the RHS is a CALL_EXPR, we need to create a GIMPLE_CALL
         instead of a GIMPLE_ASSIGN.  */
      assign = gimple_build_call_from_tree (*from_p);
      if (!gimple_call_noreturn_p (assign))
        gimple_call_set_lhs (assign, *to_p);
    }
  else
    {
      assign = gimple_build_assign (*to_p, *from_p);
      gimple_set_location (assign, EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p));
    }

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, assign);

  if (gimplify_ctxp->into_ssa && is_gimple_reg (*to_p))
    {
      /* If we've somehow already got an SSA_NAME on the LHS, then
         we've probably modified it twice.  Not good.  */
      gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (*to_p) != SSA_NAME);
      *to_p = make_ssa_name (*to_p, assign);
      gimple_set_lhs (assign, *to_p);
    }

  if (want_value)
    {
      *expr_p = TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (*to_p) ? *from_p : unshare_expr (*to_p);
      return GS_OK;
    }
  else
    *expr_p = NULL;

  return GS_ALL_DONE;
}

/*  Gimplify a comparison between two variable-sized objects.  Do this
    with a call to BUILT_IN_MEMCMP.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_variable_sized_compare (tree *expr_p)
{
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);
  tree op0 = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  tree op1 = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);
  tree t, arg, dest, src, expr;

  arg = TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (TREE_TYPE (op0));
  arg = unshare_expr (arg);
  arg = SUBSTITUTE_PLACEHOLDER_IN_EXPR (arg, op0);
  src = build_fold_addr_expr_loc (loc, op1);
  dest = build_fold_addr_expr_loc (loc, op0);
  t = implicit_built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_MEMCMP];
  t = build_call_expr_loc (loc, t, 3, dest, src, arg);

  expr
    = build2 (TREE_CODE (*expr_p), TREE_TYPE (*expr_p), t, integer_zero_node);
  SET_EXPR_LOCATION (expr, loc);
  *expr_p = expr;

  return GS_OK;
}

/*  Gimplify a comparison between two aggregate objects of integral scalar
    mode as a comparison between the bitwise equivalent scalar values.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_scalar_mode_aggregate_compare (tree *expr_p)
{
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);
  tree op0 = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  tree op1 = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);

  tree type = TREE_TYPE (op0);
  tree scalar_type = lang_hooks.types.type_for_mode (TYPE_MODE (type), 1);

  op0 = fold_build1_loc (loc, VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR, scalar_type, op0);
  op1 = fold_build1_loc (loc, VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR, scalar_type, op1);

  *expr_p
    = fold_build2_loc (loc, TREE_CODE (*expr_p), TREE_TYPE (*expr_p), op0, op1);

  return GS_OK;
}

/*  Gimplify TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR and TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR expressions.  EXPR_P
    points to the expression to gimplify.

    Expressions of the form 'a && b' are gimplified to:

        a && b ? true : false

    LOCUS is the source location to be put on the generated COND_EXPR.
    gimplify_cond_expr will do the rest.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_boolean_expr (tree *expr_p, location_t locus)
{
  /* Preserve the original type of the expression.  */
  tree type = TREE_TYPE (*expr_p);

  *expr_p = build3 (COND_EXPR, type, *expr_p,
                    fold_convert_loc (locus, type, boolean_true_node),
                    fold_convert_loc (locus, type, boolean_false_node));

  SET_EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p, locus);

  return GS_OK;
}

/* Gimplifies an expression sequence.  This function gimplifies each
   expression and re-writes the original expression with the last
   expression of the sequence in GIMPLE form.

   PRE_P points to the list where the side effects for all the
       expressions in the sequence will be emitted.

   WANT_VALUE is true when the result of the last COMPOUND_EXPR is used.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_compound_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, bool want_value)
{
  tree t = *expr_p;

  do
    {
      tree *sub_p = &TREE_OPERAND (t, 0);

      if (TREE_CODE (*sub_p) == COMPOUND_EXPR)
        gimplify_compound_expr (sub_p, pre_p, false);
      else
        gimplify_stmt (sub_p, pre_p);

      t = TREE_OPERAND (t, 1);
    }
  while (TREE_CODE (t) == COMPOUND_EXPR);

  *expr_p = t;
  if (want_value)
    return GS_OK;
  else
    {
      gimplify_stmt (expr_p, pre_p);
      return GS_ALL_DONE;
    }
}


/* Gimplify a SAVE_EXPR node.  EXPR_P points to the expression to
   gimplify.  After gimplification, EXPR_P will point to a new temporary
   that holds the original value of the SAVE_EXPR node.

   PRE_P points to the list where side effects that must happen before
      *EXPR_P should be stored.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_save_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p)
{
  enum gimplify_status ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
  tree val;

  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == SAVE_EXPR);
  val = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);

  /* If the SAVE_EXPR has not been resolved, then evaluate it once.  */
  if (!SAVE_EXPR_RESOLVED_P (*expr_p))
    {
      /* The operand may be a void-valued expression such as SAVE_EXPRs
         generated by the Java frontend for class initialization.  It is
         being executed only for its side-effects.  */
      if (TREE_TYPE (val) == void_type_node)
        {
          ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p, post_p,
                               is_gimple_stmt, fb_none);
          val = NULL;
        }
      else
        val = get_initialized_tmp_var (val, pre_p, post_p);

      TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0) = val;
      SAVE_EXPR_RESOLVED_P (*expr_p) = 1;
    }

  *expr_p = val;

  return ret;
}

/*  Re-write the ADDR_EXPR node pointed to by EXPR_P

      unary_expr
              : ...
              | '&' varname
              ...

    PRE_P points to the list where side effects that must happen before
        *EXPR_P should be stored.

    POST_P points to the list where side effects that must happen after
        *EXPR_P should be stored.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_addr_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p;
  tree op0 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
  enum gimplify_status ret;
  location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);

  switch (TREE_CODE (op0))
    {
    case INDIRECT_REF:
    do_indirect_ref:
      /* Check if we are dealing with an expression of the form '&*ptr'.
         While the front end folds away '&*ptr' into 'ptr', these
         expressions may be generated internally by the compiler (e.g.,
         builtins like __builtin_va_end).  */
      /* Caution: the silent array decomposition semantics we allow for
         ADDR_EXPR means we can't always discard the pair.  */
      /* Gimplification of the ADDR_EXPR operand may drop
         cv-qualification conversions, so make sure we add them if
         needed.  */
      {
        tree op00 = TREE_OPERAND (op0, 0);
        tree t_expr = TREE_TYPE (expr);
        tree t_op00 = TREE_TYPE (op00);

        if (!useless_type_conversion_p (t_expr, t_op00))
          op00 = fold_convert_loc (loc, TREE_TYPE (expr), op00);
        *expr_p = op00;
        ret = GS_OK;
      }
      break;

    case VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR:
      /* Take the address of our operand and then convert it to the type of
         this ADDR_EXPR.

         ??? The interactions of VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR and aliasing is not at
         all clear.  The impact of this transformation is even less clear.  */

      /* If the operand is a useless conversion, look through it.  Doing so
         guarantees that the ADDR_EXPR and its operand will remain of the
         same type.  */
      if (tree_ssa_useless_type_conversion (TREE_OPERAND (op0, 0)))
        op0 = TREE_OPERAND (op0, 0);

      *expr_p = fold_convert_loc (loc, TREE_TYPE (expr),
                                  build_fold_addr_expr_loc (loc,
                                                        TREE_OPERAND (op0, 0)));
      ret = GS_OK;
      break;

    default:
      /* We use fb_either here because the C frontend sometimes takes
         the address of a call that returns a struct; see
         gcc.dg/c99-array-lval-1.c.  The gimplifier will correctly make
         the implied temporary explicit.  */

      /* Make the operand addressable.  */
      ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), pre_p, post_p,
                           is_gimple_addressable, fb_either);
      if (ret == GS_ERROR)
        break;

      /* Then mark it.  Beware that it may not be possible to do so directly
         if a temporary has been created by the gimplification.  */
      prepare_gimple_addressable (&TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), pre_p);

      op0 = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);

      /* For various reasons, the gimplification of the expression
         may have made a new INDIRECT_REF.  */
      if (TREE_CODE (op0) == INDIRECT_REF)
        goto do_indirect_ref;

      mark_addressable (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0));

      /* The FEs may end up building ADDR_EXPRs early on a decl with
         an incomplete type.  Re-build ADDR_EXPRs in canonical form
         here.  */
      if (!types_compatible_p (TREE_TYPE (op0), TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (expr))))
        *expr_p = build_fold_addr_expr (op0);

      /* Make sure TREE_CONSTANT and TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS are set properly.  */
      recompute_tree_invariant_for_addr_expr (*expr_p);

      /* If we re-built the ADDR_EXPR add a conversion to the original type
         if required.  */
      if (!useless_type_conversion_p (TREE_TYPE (expr), TREE_TYPE (*expr_p)))
        *expr_p = fold_convert (TREE_TYPE (expr), *expr_p);

      break;
    }

  return ret;
}

/* Gimplify the operands of an ASM_EXPR.  Input operands should be a gimple
   value; output operands should be a gimple lvalue.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_asm_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p)
{
  tree expr;
  int noutputs;
  const char **oconstraints;
  int i;
  tree link;
  const char *constraint;
  bool allows_mem, allows_reg, is_inout;
  enum gimplify_status ret, tret;
  gimple stmt;
  VEC(tree, gc) *inputs;
  VEC(tree, gc) *outputs;
  VEC(tree, gc) *clobbers;
  VEC(tree, gc) *labels;
  tree link_next;

  expr = *expr_p;
  noutputs = list_length (ASM_OUTPUTS (expr));
  oconstraints = (const char **) alloca ((noutputs) * sizeof (const char *));

  inputs = outputs = clobbers = labels = NULL;

  ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
  link_next = NULL_TREE;
  for (i = 0, link = ASM_OUTPUTS (expr); link; ++i, link = link_next)
    {
      bool ok;
      size_t constraint_len;

      link_next = TREE_CHAIN (link);

      oconstraints[i]
        = constraint
        = TREE_STRING_POINTER (TREE_VALUE (TREE_PURPOSE (link)));
      constraint_len = strlen (constraint);
      if (constraint_len == 0)
        continue;

      ok = parse_output_constraint (&constraint, i, 0, 0,
                                    &allows_mem, &allows_reg, &is_inout);
      if (!ok)
        {
          ret = GS_ERROR;
          is_inout = false;
        }

      if (!allows_reg && allows_mem)
        mark_addressable (TREE_VALUE (link));

      tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_VALUE (link), pre_p, post_p,
                            is_inout ? is_gimple_min_lval : is_gimple_lvalue,
                            fb_lvalue | fb_mayfail);
      if (tret == GS_ERROR)
        {
          error ("invalid lvalue in asm output %d", i);
          ret = tret;
        }

      VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, outputs, link);
      TREE_CHAIN (link) = NULL_TREE;

      if (is_inout)
        {
          /* An input/output operand.  To give the optimizers more
             flexibility, split it into separate input and output
             operands.  */
          tree input;
          char buf[10];

          /* Turn the in/out constraint into an output constraint.  */
          char *p = xstrdup (constraint);
          p[0] = '=';
          TREE_VALUE (TREE_PURPOSE (link)) = build_string (constraint_len, p);

          /* And add a matching input constraint.  */
          if (allows_reg)
            {
              sprintf (buf, "%d", i);

              /* If there are multiple alternatives in the constraint,
                 handle each of them individually.  Those that allow register
                 will be replaced with operand number, the others will stay
                 unchanged.  */
              if (strchr (p, ',') != NULL)
                {
                  size_t len = 0, buflen = strlen (buf);
                  char *beg, *end, *str, *dst;

                  for (beg = p + 1;;)
                    {
                      end = strchr (beg, ',');
                      if (end == NULL)
                        end = strchr (beg, '\0');
                      if ((size_t) (end - beg) < buflen)
                        len += buflen + 1;
                      else
                        len += end - beg + 1;
                      if (*end)
                        beg = end + 1;
                      else
                        break;
                    }

                  str = (char *) alloca (len);
                  for (beg = p + 1, dst = str;;)
                    {
                      const char *tem;
                      bool mem_p, reg_p, inout_p;

                      end = strchr (beg, ',');
                      if (end)
                        *end = '\0';
                      beg[-1] = '=';
                      tem = beg - 1;
                      parse_output_constraint (&tem, i, 0, 0,
                                               &mem_p, &reg_p, &inout_p);
                      if (dst != str)
                        *dst++ = ',';
                      if (reg_p)
                        {
                          memcpy (dst, buf, buflen);
                          dst += buflen;
                        }
                      else
                        {
                          if (end)
                            len = end - beg;
                          else
                            len = strlen (beg);
                          memcpy (dst, beg, len);
                          dst += len;
                        }
                      if (end)
                        beg = end + 1;
                      else
                        break;
                    }
                  *dst = '\0';
                  input = build_string (dst - str, str);
                }
              else
                input = build_string (strlen (buf), buf);
            }
          else
            input = build_string (constraint_len - 1, constraint + 1);

          free (p);

          input = build_tree_list (build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, input),
                                   unshare_expr (TREE_VALUE (link)));
          ASM_INPUTS (expr) = chainon (ASM_INPUTS (expr), input);
        }
    }

  link_next = NULL_TREE;
  for (link = ASM_INPUTS (expr); link; ++i, link = link_next)
    {
      link_next = TREE_CHAIN (link);
      constraint = TREE_STRING_POINTER (TREE_VALUE (TREE_PURPOSE (link)));
      parse_input_constraint (&constraint, 0, 0, noutputs, 0,
                              oconstraints, &allows_mem, &allows_reg);

      /* If we can't make copies, we can only accept memory.  */
      if (TREE_ADDRESSABLE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_VALUE (link))))
        {
          if (allows_mem)
            allows_reg = 0;
          else
            {
              error ("impossible constraint in %<asm%>");
              error ("non-memory input %d must stay in memory", i);
              return GS_ERROR;
            }
        }

      /* If the operand is a memory input, it should be an lvalue.  */
      if (!allows_reg && allows_mem)
        {
          tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_VALUE (link), pre_p, post_p,
                                is_gimple_lvalue, fb_lvalue | fb_mayfail);
          mark_addressable (TREE_VALUE (link));
          if (tret == GS_ERROR)
            {
              if (EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (TREE_VALUE (link)))
                input_location = EXPR_LOCATION (TREE_VALUE (link));
              error ("memory input %d is not directly addressable", i);
              ret = tret;
            }
        }
      else
        {
          tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_VALUE (link), pre_p, post_p,
                                is_gimple_asm_val, fb_rvalue);
          if (tret == GS_ERROR)
            ret = tret;
        }

      TREE_CHAIN (link) = NULL_TREE;
      VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, inputs, link);
    }

  for (link = ASM_CLOBBERS (expr); link; ++i, link = TREE_CHAIN (link))
    VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, clobbers, link);

  for (link = ASM_LABELS (expr); link; ++i, link = TREE_CHAIN (link))
    VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, labels, link);

  /* Do not add ASMs with errors to the gimple IL stream.  */
  if (ret != GS_ERROR)
    {
      stmt = gimple_build_asm_vec (TREE_STRING_POINTER (ASM_STRING (expr)),
                                   inputs, outputs, clobbers, labels);

      gimple_asm_set_volatile (stmt, ASM_VOLATILE_P (expr));
      gimple_asm_set_input (stmt, ASM_INPUT_P (expr));

      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, stmt);
    }

  return ret;
}

/* Gimplify a CLEANUP_POINT_EXPR.  Currently this works by adding
   GIMPLE_WITH_CLEANUP_EXPRs to the prequeue as we encounter cleanups while
   gimplifying the body, and converting them to TRY_FINALLY_EXPRs when we
   return to this function.

   FIXME should we complexify the prequeue handling instead?  Or use flags
   for all the cleanups and let the optimizer tighten them up?  The current
   code seems pretty fragile; it will break on a cleanup within any
   non-conditional nesting.  But any such nesting would be broken, anyway;
   we can't write a TRY_FINALLY_EXPR that starts inside a nesting construct
   and continues out of it.  We can do that at the RTL level, though, so
   having an optimizer to tighten up try/finally regions would be a Good
   Thing.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_cleanup_point_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator iter;
  gimple_seq body_sequence = NULL;

  tree temp = voidify_wrapper_expr (*expr_p, NULL);

  /* We only care about the number of conditions between the innermost
     CLEANUP_POINT_EXPR and the cleanup.  So save and reset the count and
     any cleanups collected outside the CLEANUP_POINT_EXPR.  */
  int old_conds = gimplify_ctxp->conditions;
  gimple_seq old_cleanups = gimplify_ctxp->conditional_cleanups;
  gimplify_ctxp->conditions = 0;
  gimplify_ctxp->conditional_cleanups = NULL;

  gimplify_stmt (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), &body_sequence);

  gimplify_ctxp->conditions = old_conds;
  gimplify_ctxp->conditional_cleanups = old_cleanups;

  for (iter = gsi_start (body_sequence); !gsi_end_p (iter); )
    {
      gimple wce = gsi_stmt (iter);

      if (gimple_code (wce) == GIMPLE_WITH_CLEANUP_EXPR)
        {
          if (gsi_one_before_end_p (iter))
            {
              /* Note that gsi_insert_seq_before and gsi_remove do not
                 scan operands, unlike some other sequence mutators.  */
              if (!gimple_wce_cleanup_eh_only (wce))
                gsi_insert_seq_before_without_update (&iter,
                                                      gimple_wce_cleanup (wce),
                                                      GSI_SAME_STMT);
              gsi_remove (&iter, true);
              break;
            }
          else
            {
              gimple gtry;
              gimple_seq seq;
              enum gimple_try_flags kind;

              if (gimple_wce_cleanup_eh_only (wce))
                kind = GIMPLE_TRY_CATCH;
              else
                kind = GIMPLE_TRY_FINALLY;
              seq = gsi_split_seq_after (iter);

              gtry = gimple_build_try (seq, gimple_wce_cleanup (wce), kind);
              /* Do not use gsi_replace here, as it may scan operands.
                 We want to do a simple structural modification only.  */
              *gsi_stmt_ptr (&iter) = gtry;
              iter = gsi_start (seq);
            }
        }
      else
        gsi_next (&iter);
    }

  gimplify_seq_add_seq (pre_p, body_sequence);
  if (temp)
    {
      *expr_p = temp;
      return GS_OK;
    }
  else
    {
      *expr_p = NULL;
      return GS_ALL_DONE;
    }
}

/* Insert a cleanup marker for gimplify_cleanup_point_expr.  CLEANUP
   is the cleanup action required.  EH_ONLY is true if the cleanup should
   only be executed if an exception is thrown, not on normal exit.  */

static void
gimple_push_cleanup (tree var, tree cleanup, bool eh_only, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  gimple wce;
  gimple_seq cleanup_stmts = NULL;

  /* Errors can result in improperly nested cleanups.  Which results in
     confusion when trying to resolve the GIMPLE_WITH_CLEANUP_EXPR.  */
  if (seen_error ())
    return;

  if (gimple_conditional_context ())
    {
      /* If we're in a conditional context, this is more complex.  We only
         want to run the cleanup if we actually ran the initialization that
         necessitates it, but we want to run it after the end of the
         conditional context.  So we wrap the try/finally around the
         condition and use a flag to determine whether or not to actually
         run the destructor.  Thus

           test ? f(A()) : 0

         becomes (approximately)

           flag = 0;
           try {
             if (test) { A::A(temp); flag = 1; val = f(temp); }
             else { val = 0; }
           } finally {
             if (flag) A::~A(temp);
           }
           val
      */
      tree flag = create_tmp_var (boolean_type_node, "cleanup");
      gimple ffalse = gimple_build_assign (flag, boolean_false_node);
      gimple ftrue = gimple_build_assign (flag, boolean_true_node);

      cleanup = build3 (COND_EXPR, void_type_node, flag, cleanup, NULL);
      gimplify_stmt (&cleanup, &cleanup_stmts);
      wce = gimple_build_wce (cleanup_stmts);

      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&gimplify_ctxp->conditional_cleanups, ffalse);
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&gimplify_ctxp->conditional_cleanups, wce);
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, ftrue);

      /* Because of this manipulation, and the EH edges that jump
         threading cannot redirect, the temporary (VAR) will appear
         to be used uninitialized.  Don't warn.  */
      TREE_NO_WARNING (var) = 1;
    }
  else
    {
      gimplify_stmt (&cleanup, &cleanup_stmts);
      wce = gimple_build_wce (cleanup_stmts);
      gimple_wce_set_cleanup_eh_only (wce, eh_only);
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, wce);
    }
}

/* Gimplify a TARGET_EXPR which doesn't appear on the rhs of an INIT_EXPR.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_target_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p)
{
  tree targ = *expr_p;
  tree temp = TARGET_EXPR_SLOT (targ);
  tree init = TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (targ);
  enum gimplify_status ret;

  if (init)
    {
      /* TARGET_EXPR temps aren't part of the enclosing block, so add it
         to the temps list.  Handle also variable length TARGET_EXPRs.  */
      if (TREE_CODE (DECL_SIZE (temp)) != INTEGER_CST)
        {
          if (!TYPE_SIZES_GIMPLIFIED (TREE_TYPE (temp)))
            gimplify_type_sizes (TREE_TYPE (temp), pre_p);
          gimplify_vla_decl (temp, pre_p);
        }
      else
        gimple_add_tmp_var (temp);

      /* If TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL is void, then the mere evaluation of the
         expression is supposed to initialize the slot.  */
      if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (init)))
        ret = gimplify_expr (&init, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_stmt, fb_none);
      else
        {
          tree init_expr = build2 (INIT_EXPR, void_type_node, temp, init);
          init = init_expr;
          ret = gimplify_expr (&init, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_stmt, fb_none);
          init = NULL;
          ggc_free (init_expr);
        }
      if (ret == GS_ERROR)
        {
          /* PR c++/28266 Make sure this is expanded only once. */
          TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (targ) = NULL_TREE;
          return GS_ERROR;
        }
      if (init)
        gimplify_and_add (init, pre_p);

      /* If needed, push the cleanup for the temp.  */
      if (TARGET_EXPR_CLEANUP (targ))
        gimple_push_cleanup (temp, TARGET_EXPR_CLEANUP (targ),
                             CLEANUP_EH_ONLY (targ), pre_p);

      /* Only expand this once.  */
      TREE_OPERAND (targ, 3) = init;
      TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (targ) = NULL_TREE;
    }
  else
    /* We should have expanded this before.  */
    gcc_assert (DECL_SEEN_IN_BIND_EXPR_P (temp));

  *expr_p = temp;
  return GS_OK;
}

/* Gimplification of expression trees.  */

/* Gimplify an expression which appears at statement context.  The
   corresponding GIMPLE statements are added to *SEQ_P.  If *SEQ_P is
   NULL, a new sequence is allocated.

   Return true if we actually added a statement to the queue.  */

bool
gimplify_stmt (tree *stmt_p, gimple_seq *seq_p)
{
  gimple_seq_node last;

  if (!*seq_p)
    *seq_p = gimple_seq_alloc ();

  last = gimple_seq_last (*seq_p);
  gimplify_expr (stmt_p, seq_p, NULL, is_gimple_stmt, fb_none);
  return last != gimple_seq_last (*seq_p);
}


/* Add FIRSTPRIVATE entries for DECL in the OpenMP the surrounding parallels
   to CTX.  If entries already exist, force them to be some flavor of private.
   If there is no enclosing parallel, do nothing.  */

void
omp_firstprivatize_variable (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx, tree decl)
{
  splay_tree_node n;

  if (decl == NULL || !DECL_P (decl))
    return;

  do
    {
      n = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key)decl);
      if (n != NULL)
        {
          if (n->value & GOVD_SHARED)
            n->value = GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE | (n->value & GOVD_SEEN);
          else
            return;
        }
      else if (ctx->region_type != ORT_WORKSHARE)
        omp_add_variable (ctx, decl, GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE);

      ctx = ctx->outer_context;
    }
  while (ctx);
}

/* Similarly for each of the type sizes of TYPE.  */

static void
omp_firstprivatize_type_sizes (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx, tree type)
{
  if (type == NULL || type == error_mark_node)
    return;
  type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type);

  if (pointer_set_insert (ctx->privatized_types, type))
    return;

  switch (TREE_CODE (type))
    {
    case INTEGER_TYPE:
    case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
    case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
    case REAL_TYPE:
    case FIXED_POINT_TYPE:
      omp_firstprivatize_variable (ctx, TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type));
      omp_firstprivatize_variable (ctx, TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type));
      break;

    case ARRAY_TYPE:
      omp_firstprivatize_type_sizes (ctx, TREE_TYPE (type));
      omp_firstprivatize_type_sizes (ctx, TYPE_DOMAIN (type));
      break;

    case RECORD_TYPE:
    case UNION_TYPE:
    case QUAL_UNION_TYPE:
      {
        tree field;
        for (field = TYPE_FIELDS (type); field; field = DECL_CHAIN (field))
          if (TREE_CODE (field) == FIELD_DECL)
            {
              omp_firstprivatize_variable (ctx, DECL_FIELD_OFFSET (field));
              omp_firstprivatize_type_sizes (ctx, TREE_TYPE (field));
            }
      }
      break;

    case POINTER_TYPE:
    case REFERENCE_TYPE:
      omp_firstprivatize_type_sizes (ctx, TREE_TYPE (type));
      break;

    default:
      break;
    }

  omp_firstprivatize_variable (ctx, TYPE_SIZE (type));
  omp_firstprivatize_variable (ctx, TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type));
  lang_hooks.types.omp_firstprivatize_type_sizes (ctx, type);
}

/* Add an entry for DECL in the OpenMP context CTX with FLAGS.  */

static void
omp_add_variable (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx, tree decl, unsigned int flags)
{
  splay_tree_node n;
  unsigned int nflags;
  tree t;

  if (decl == error_mark_node || TREE_TYPE (decl) == error_mark_node)
    return;

  /* Never elide decls whose type has TREE_ADDRESSABLE set.  This means
     there are constructors involved somewhere.  */
  if (TREE_ADDRESSABLE (TREE_TYPE (decl))
      || TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
    flags |= GOVD_SEEN;

  n = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key)decl);
  if (n != NULL)
    {
      /* We shouldn't be re-adding the decl with the same data
         sharing class.  */
      gcc_assert ((n->value & GOVD_DATA_SHARE_CLASS & flags) == 0);
      /* The only combination of data sharing classes we should see is
         FIRSTPRIVATE and LASTPRIVATE.  */
      nflags = n->value | flags;
      gcc_assert ((nflags & GOVD_DATA_SHARE_CLASS)
                  == (GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE | GOVD_LASTPRIVATE));
      n->value = nflags;
      return;
    }

  /* When adding a variable-sized variable, we have to handle all sorts
     of additional bits of data: the pointer replacement variable, and
     the parameters of the type.  */
  if (DECL_SIZE (decl) && TREE_CODE (DECL_SIZE (decl)) != INTEGER_CST)
    {
      /* Add the pointer replacement variable as PRIVATE if the variable
         replacement is private, else FIRSTPRIVATE since we'll need the
         address of the original variable either for SHARED, or for the
         copy into or out of the context.  */
      if (!(flags & GOVD_LOCAL))
        {
          nflags = flags & GOVD_PRIVATE ? GOVD_PRIVATE : GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE;
          nflags |= flags & GOVD_SEEN;
          t = DECL_VALUE_EXPR (decl);
          gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (t) == INDIRECT_REF);
          t = TREE_OPERAND (t, 0);
          gcc_assert (DECL_P (t));
          omp_add_variable (ctx, t, nflags);
        }

      /* Add all of the variable and type parameters (which should have
         been gimplified to a formal temporary) as FIRSTPRIVATE.  */
      omp_firstprivatize_variable (ctx, DECL_SIZE_UNIT (decl));
      omp_firstprivatize_variable (ctx, DECL_SIZE (decl));
      omp_firstprivatize_type_sizes (ctx, TREE_TYPE (decl));

      /* The variable-sized variable itself is never SHARED, only some form
         of PRIVATE.  The sharing would take place via the pointer variable
         which we remapped above.  */
      if (flags & GOVD_SHARED)
        flags = GOVD_PRIVATE | GOVD_DEBUG_PRIVATE
                | (flags & (GOVD_SEEN | GOVD_EXPLICIT));

      /* We're going to make use of the TYPE_SIZE_UNIT at least in the
         alloca statement we generate for the variable, so make sure it
         is available.  This isn't automatically needed for the SHARED
         case, since we won't be allocating local storage then.
         For local variables TYPE_SIZE_UNIT might not be gimplified yet,
         in this case omp_notice_variable will be called later
         on when it is gimplified.  */
      else if (! (flags & GOVD_LOCAL))
        omp_notice_variable (ctx, TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (TREE_TYPE (decl)), true);
    }
  else if (lang_hooks.decls.omp_privatize_by_reference (decl))
    {
      gcc_assert ((flags & GOVD_LOCAL) == 0);
      omp_firstprivatize_type_sizes (ctx, TREE_TYPE (decl));

      /* Similar to the direct variable sized case above, we'll need the
         size of references being privatized.  */
      if ((flags & GOVD_SHARED) == 0)
        {
          t = TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (decl)));
          if (TREE_CODE (t) != INTEGER_CST)
            omp_notice_variable (ctx, t, true);
        }
    }

  splay_tree_insert (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key)decl, flags);
}

/* Notice a threadprivate variable DECL used in OpenMP context CTX.
   This just prints out diagnostics about threadprivate variable uses
   in untied tasks.  If DECL2 is non-NULL, prevent this warning
   on that variable.  */

static bool
omp_notice_threadprivate_variable (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx, tree decl,
                                   tree decl2)
{
  splay_tree_node n;

  if (ctx->region_type != ORT_UNTIED_TASK)
    return false;
  n = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key)decl);
  if (n == NULL)
    {
      error ("threadprivate variable %qE used in untied task", DECL_NAME (decl));
      error_at (ctx->location, "enclosing task");
      splay_tree_insert (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key)decl, 0);
    }
  if (decl2)
    splay_tree_insert (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key)decl2, 0);
  return false;
}

/* Record the fact that DECL was used within the OpenMP context CTX.
   IN_CODE is true when real code uses DECL, and false when we should
   merely emit default(none) errors.  Return true if DECL is going to
   be remapped and thus DECL shouldn't be gimplified into its
   DECL_VALUE_EXPR (if any).  */

static bool
omp_notice_variable (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx, tree decl, bool in_code)
{
  splay_tree_node n;
  unsigned flags = in_code ? GOVD_SEEN : 0;
  bool ret = false, shared;

  if (decl == error_mark_node || TREE_TYPE (decl) == error_mark_node)
    return false;

  /* Threadprivate variables are predetermined.  */
  if (is_global_var (decl))
    {
      if (DECL_THREAD_LOCAL_P (decl))
        return omp_notice_threadprivate_variable (ctx, decl, NULL_TREE);

      if (DECL_HAS_VALUE_EXPR_P (decl))
        {
          tree value = get_base_address (DECL_VALUE_EXPR (decl));

          if (value && DECL_P (value) && DECL_THREAD_LOCAL_P (value))
            return omp_notice_threadprivate_variable (ctx, decl, value);
        }
    }

  n = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key)decl);
  if (n == NULL)
    {
      enum omp_clause_default_kind default_kind, kind;
      struct gimplify_omp_ctx *octx;

      if (ctx->region_type == ORT_WORKSHARE)
        goto do_outer;

      /* ??? Some compiler-generated variables (like SAVE_EXPRs) could be
         remapped firstprivate instead of shared.  To some extent this is
         addressed in omp_firstprivatize_type_sizes, but not effectively.  */
      default_kind = ctx->default_kind;
      kind = lang_hooks.decls.omp_predetermined_sharing (decl);
      if (kind != OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED)
        default_kind = kind;

      switch (default_kind)
        {
        case OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT_NONE:
          error ("%qE not specified in enclosing parallel",
                 DECL_NAME (lang_hooks.decls.omp_report_decl (decl)));
          if ((ctx->region_type & ORT_TASK) != 0)
            error_at (ctx->location, "enclosing task");
          else
            error_at (ctx->location, "enclosing parallel");
          /* FALLTHRU */
        case OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT_SHARED:
          flags |= GOVD_SHARED;
          break;
        case OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT_PRIVATE:
          flags |= GOVD_PRIVATE;
          break;
        case OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT_FIRSTPRIVATE:
          flags |= GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE;
          break;
        case OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED:
          /* decl will be either GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE or GOVD_SHARED.  */
          gcc_assert ((ctx->region_type & ORT_TASK) != 0);
          if (ctx->outer_context)
            omp_notice_variable (ctx->outer_context, decl, in_code);
          for (octx = ctx->outer_context; octx; octx = octx->outer_context)
            {
              splay_tree_node n2;

              n2 = splay_tree_lookup (octx->variables, (splay_tree_key) decl);
              if (n2 && (n2->value & GOVD_DATA_SHARE_CLASS) != GOVD_SHARED)
                {
                  flags |= GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE;
                  break;
                }
              if ((octx->region_type & ORT_PARALLEL) != 0)
                break;
            }
          if (flags & GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE)
            break;
          if (octx == NULL
              && (TREE_CODE (decl) == PARM_DECL
                  || (!is_global_var (decl)
                      && DECL_CONTEXT (decl) == current_function_decl)))
            {
              flags |= GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE;
              break;
            }
          flags |= GOVD_SHARED;
          break;
        default:
          gcc_unreachable ();
        }

      if ((flags & GOVD_PRIVATE)
          && lang_hooks.decls.omp_private_outer_ref (decl))
        flags |= GOVD_PRIVATE_OUTER_REF;

      omp_add_variable (ctx, decl, flags);

      shared = (flags & GOVD_SHARED) != 0;
      ret = lang_hooks.decls.omp_disregard_value_expr (decl, shared);
      goto do_outer;
    }

  if ((n->value & (GOVD_SEEN | GOVD_LOCAL)) == 0
      && (flags & (GOVD_SEEN | GOVD_LOCAL)) == GOVD_SEEN
      && DECL_SIZE (decl)
      && TREE_CODE (DECL_SIZE (decl)) != INTEGER_CST)
    {
      splay_tree_node n2;
      tree t = DECL_VALUE_EXPR (decl);
      gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (t) == INDIRECT_REF);
      t = TREE_OPERAND (t, 0);
      gcc_assert (DECL_P (t));
      n2 = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key) t);
      n2->value |= GOVD_SEEN;
    }

  shared = ((flags | n->value) & GOVD_SHARED) != 0;
  ret = lang_hooks.decls.omp_disregard_value_expr (decl, shared);

  /* If nothing changed, there's nothing left to do.  */
  if ((n->value & flags) == flags)
    return ret;
  flags |= n->value;
  n->value = flags;

 do_outer:
  /* If the variable is private in the current context, then we don't
     need to propagate anything to an outer context.  */
  if ((flags & GOVD_PRIVATE) && !(flags & GOVD_PRIVATE_OUTER_REF))
    return ret;
  if (ctx->outer_context
      && omp_notice_variable (ctx->outer_context, decl, in_code))
    return true;
  return ret;
}

/* Verify that DECL is private within CTX.  If there's specific information
   to the contrary in the innermost scope, generate an error.  */

static bool
omp_is_private (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx, tree decl)
{
  splay_tree_node n;

  n = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key)decl);
  if (n != NULL)
    {
      if (n->value & GOVD_SHARED)
        {
          if (ctx == gimplify_omp_ctxp)
            {
              error ("iteration variable %qE should be private",
                     DECL_NAME (decl));
              n->value = GOVD_PRIVATE;
              return true;
            }
          else
            return false;
        }
      else if ((n->value & GOVD_EXPLICIT) != 0
               && (ctx == gimplify_omp_ctxp
                   || (ctx->region_type == ORT_COMBINED_PARALLEL
                       && gimplify_omp_ctxp->outer_context == ctx)))
        {
          if ((n->value & GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE) != 0)
            error ("iteration variable %qE should not be firstprivate",
                   DECL_NAME (decl));
          else if ((n->value & GOVD_REDUCTION) != 0)
            error ("iteration variable %qE should not be reduction",
                   DECL_NAME (decl));
        }
      return (ctx == gimplify_omp_ctxp
              || (ctx->region_type == ORT_COMBINED_PARALLEL
                  && gimplify_omp_ctxp->outer_context == ctx));
    }

  if (ctx->region_type != ORT_WORKSHARE)
    return false;
  else if (ctx->outer_context)
    return omp_is_private (ctx->outer_context, decl);
  return false;
}

/* Return true if DECL is private within a parallel region
   that binds to the current construct's context or in parallel
   region's REDUCTION clause.  */

static bool
omp_check_private (struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx, tree decl)
{
  splay_tree_node n;

  do
    {
      ctx = ctx->outer_context;
      if (ctx == NULL)
        return !(is_global_var (decl)
                 /* References might be private, but might be shared too.  */
                 || lang_hooks.decls.omp_privatize_by_reference (decl));

      n = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key) decl);
      if (n != NULL)
        return (n->value & GOVD_SHARED) == 0;
    }
  while (ctx->region_type == ORT_WORKSHARE);
  return false;
}

/* Scan the OpenMP clauses in *LIST_P, installing mappings into a new
   and previous omp contexts.  */

static void
gimplify_scan_omp_clauses (tree *list_p, gimple_seq *pre_p,
                           enum omp_region_type region_type)
{
  struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx, *outer_ctx;
  struct gimplify_ctx gctx;
  tree c;

  ctx = new_omp_context (region_type);
  outer_ctx = ctx->outer_context;

  while ((c = *list_p) != NULL)
    {
      bool remove = false;
      bool notice_outer = true;
      const char *check_non_private = NULL;
      unsigned int flags;
      tree decl;

      switch (OMP_CLAUSE_CODE (c))
        {
        case OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE:
          flags = GOVD_PRIVATE | GOVD_EXPLICIT;
          if (lang_hooks.decls.omp_private_outer_ref (OMP_CLAUSE_DECL (c)))
            {
              flags |= GOVD_PRIVATE_OUTER_REF;
              OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE_OUTER_REF (c) = 1;
            }
          else
            notice_outer = false;
          goto do_add;
        case OMP_CLAUSE_SHARED:
          flags = GOVD_SHARED | GOVD_EXPLICIT;
          goto do_add;
        case OMP_CLAUSE_FIRSTPRIVATE:
          flags = GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE | GOVD_EXPLICIT;
          check_non_private = "firstprivate";
          goto do_add;
        case OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE:
          flags = GOVD_LASTPRIVATE | GOVD_SEEN | GOVD_EXPLICIT;
          check_non_private = "lastprivate";
          goto do_add;
        case OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION:
          flags = GOVD_REDUCTION | GOVD_SEEN | GOVD_EXPLICIT;
          check_non_private = "reduction";
          goto do_add;

        do_add:
          decl = OMP_CLAUSE_DECL (c);
          if (decl == error_mark_node || TREE_TYPE (decl) == error_mark_node)
            {
              remove = true;
              break;
            }
          omp_add_variable (ctx, decl, flags);
          if (OMP_CLAUSE_CODE (c) == OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION
              && OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_PLACEHOLDER (c))
            {
              omp_add_variable (ctx, OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_PLACEHOLDER (c),
                                GOVD_LOCAL | GOVD_SEEN);
              gimplify_omp_ctxp = ctx;
              push_gimplify_context (&gctx);

              OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_GIMPLE_INIT (c) = gimple_seq_alloc ();
              OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_GIMPLE_MERGE (c) = gimple_seq_alloc ();

              gimplify_and_add (OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_INIT (c),
                                &OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_GIMPLE_INIT (c));
              pop_gimplify_context
                (gimple_seq_first_stmt (OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_GIMPLE_INIT (c)));
              push_gimplify_context (&gctx);
              gimplify_and_add (OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_MERGE (c),
                                &OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_GIMPLE_MERGE (c));
              pop_gimplify_context
                (gimple_seq_first_stmt (OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_GIMPLE_MERGE (c)));
              OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_INIT (c) = NULL_TREE;
              OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION_MERGE (c) = NULL_TREE;

              gimplify_omp_ctxp = outer_ctx;
            }
          else if (OMP_CLAUSE_CODE (c) == OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE
                   && OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_STMT (c))
            {
              gimplify_omp_ctxp = ctx;
              push_gimplify_context (&gctx);
              if (TREE_CODE (OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_STMT (c)) != BIND_EXPR)
                {
                  tree bind = build3 (BIND_EXPR, void_type_node, NULL,
                                      NULL, NULL);
                  TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (bind) = 1;
                  BIND_EXPR_BODY (bind) = OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_STMT (c);
                  OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_STMT (c) = bind;
                }
              gimplify_and_add (OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_STMT (c),
                                &OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_GIMPLE_SEQ (c));
              pop_gimplify_context
                (gimple_seq_first_stmt (OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_GIMPLE_SEQ (c)));
              OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_STMT (c) = NULL_TREE;

              gimplify_omp_ctxp = outer_ctx;
            }
          if (notice_outer)
            goto do_notice;
          break;

        case OMP_CLAUSE_COPYIN:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_COPYPRIVATE:
          decl = OMP_CLAUSE_DECL (c);
          if (decl == error_mark_node || TREE_TYPE (decl) == error_mark_node)
            {
              remove = true;
              break;
            }
        do_notice:
          if (outer_ctx)
            omp_notice_variable (outer_ctx, decl, true);
          if (check_non_private
              && region_type == ORT_WORKSHARE
              && omp_check_private (ctx, decl))
            {
              error ("%s variable %qE is private in outer context",
                     check_non_private, DECL_NAME (decl));
              remove = true;
            }
          break;

        case OMP_CLAUSE_IF:
          OMP_CLAUSE_OPERAND (c, 0)
            = gimple_boolify (OMP_CLAUSE_OPERAND (c, 0));
          /* Fall through.  */

        case OMP_CLAUSE_SCHEDULE:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_NUM_THREADS:
          if (gimplify_expr (&OMP_CLAUSE_OPERAND (c, 0), pre_p, NULL,
                             is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue) == GS_ERROR)
              remove = true;
          break;

        case OMP_CLAUSE_NOWAIT:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_ORDERED:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_UNTIED:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_COLLAPSE:
          break;

        case OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT:
          ctx->default_kind = OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT_KIND (c);
          break;

        default:
          gcc_unreachable ();
        }

      if (remove)
        *list_p = OMP_CLAUSE_CHAIN (c);
      else
        list_p = &OMP_CLAUSE_CHAIN (c);
    }

  gimplify_omp_ctxp = ctx;
}

/* For all variables that were not actually used within the context,
   remove PRIVATE, SHARED, and FIRSTPRIVATE clauses.  */

static int
gimplify_adjust_omp_clauses_1 (splay_tree_node n, void *data)
{
  tree *list_p = (tree *) data;
  tree decl = (tree) n->key;
  unsigned flags = n->value;
  enum omp_clause_code code;
  tree clause;
  bool private_debug;

  if (flags & (GOVD_EXPLICIT | GOVD_LOCAL))
    return 0;
  if ((flags & GOVD_SEEN) == 0)
    return 0;
  if (flags & GOVD_DEBUG_PRIVATE)
    {
      gcc_assert ((flags & GOVD_DATA_SHARE_CLASS) == GOVD_PRIVATE);
      private_debug = true;
    }
  else
    private_debug
      = lang_hooks.decls.omp_private_debug_clause (decl,
                                                   !!(flags & GOVD_SHARED));
  if (private_debug)
    code = OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE;
  else if (flags & GOVD_SHARED)
    {
      if (is_global_var (decl))
        {
          struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx = gimplify_omp_ctxp->outer_context;
          while (ctx != NULL)
            {
              splay_tree_node on
                = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key) decl);
              if (on && (on->value & (GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE | GOVD_LASTPRIVATE
                                      | GOVD_PRIVATE | GOVD_REDUCTION)) != 0)
                break;
              ctx = ctx->outer_context;
            }
          if (ctx == NULL)
            return 0;
        }
      code = OMP_CLAUSE_SHARED;
    }
  else if (flags & GOVD_PRIVATE)
    code = OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE;
  else if (flags & GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE)
    code = OMP_CLAUSE_FIRSTPRIVATE;
  else
    gcc_unreachable ();

  clause = build_omp_clause (input_location, code);
  OMP_CLAUSE_DECL (clause) = decl;
  OMP_CLAUSE_CHAIN (clause) = *list_p;
  if (private_debug)
    OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE_DEBUG (clause) = 1;
  else if (code == OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE && (flags & GOVD_PRIVATE_OUTER_REF))
    OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE_OUTER_REF (clause) = 1;
  *list_p = clause;
  lang_hooks.decls.omp_finish_clause (clause);

  return 0;
}

static void
gimplify_adjust_omp_clauses (tree *list_p)
{
  struct gimplify_omp_ctx *ctx = gimplify_omp_ctxp;
  tree c, decl;

  while ((c = *list_p) != NULL)
    {
      splay_tree_node n;
      bool remove = false;

      switch (OMP_CLAUSE_CODE (c))
        {
        case OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_SHARED:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_FIRSTPRIVATE:
          decl = OMP_CLAUSE_DECL (c);
          n = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key) decl);
          remove = !(n->value & GOVD_SEEN);
          if (! remove)
            {
              bool shared = OMP_CLAUSE_CODE (c) == OMP_CLAUSE_SHARED;
              if ((n->value & GOVD_DEBUG_PRIVATE)
                  || lang_hooks.decls.omp_private_debug_clause (decl, shared))
                {
                  gcc_assert ((n->value & GOVD_DEBUG_PRIVATE) == 0
                              || ((n->value & GOVD_DATA_SHARE_CLASS)
                                  == GOVD_PRIVATE));
                  OMP_CLAUSE_SET_CODE (c, OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE);
                  OMP_CLAUSE_PRIVATE_DEBUG (c) = 1;
                }
            }
          break;

        case OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE:
          /* Make sure OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_FIRSTPRIVATE is set to
             accurately reflect the presence of a FIRSTPRIVATE clause.  */
          decl = OMP_CLAUSE_DECL (c);
          n = splay_tree_lookup (ctx->variables, (splay_tree_key) decl);
          OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_FIRSTPRIVATE (c)
            = (n->value & GOVD_FIRSTPRIVATE) != 0;
          break;

        case OMP_CLAUSE_REDUCTION:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_COPYIN:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_COPYPRIVATE:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_IF:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_NUM_THREADS:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_SCHEDULE:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_NOWAIT:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_ORDERED:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_DEFAULT:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_UNTIED:
        case OMP_CLAUSE_COLLAPSE:
          break;

        default:
          gcc_unreachable ();
        }

      if (remove)
        *list_p = OMP_CLAUSE_CHAIN (c);
      else
        list_p = &OMP_CLAUSE_CHAIN (c);
    }

  /* Add in any implicit data sharing.  */
  splay_tree_foreach (ctx->variables, gimplify_adjust_omp_clauses_1, list_p);

  gimplify_omp_ctxp = ctx->outer_context;
  delete_omp_context (ctx);
}

/* Gimplify the contents of an OMP_PARALLEL statement.  This involves
   gimplification of the body, as well as scanning the body for used
   variables.  We need to do this scan now, because variable-sized
   decls will be decomposed during gimplification.  */

static void
gimplify_omp_parallel (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p;
  gimple g;
  gimple_seq body = NULL;
  struct gimplify_ctx gctx;

  gimplify_scan_omp_clauses (&OMP_PARALLEL_CLAUSES (expr), pre_p,
                             OMP_PARALLEL_COMBINED (expr)
                             ? ORT_COMBINED_PARALLEL
                             : ORT_PARALLEL);

  push_gimplify_context (&gctx);

  g = gimplify_and_return_first (OMP_PARALLEL_BODY (expr), &body);
  if (gimple_code (g) == GIMPLE_BIND)
    pop_gimplify_context (g);
  else
    pop_gimplify_context (NULL);

  gimplify_adjust_omp_clauses (&OMP_PARALLEL_CLAUSES (expr));

  g = gimple_build_omp_parallel (body,
                                 OMP_PARALLEL_CLAUSES (expr),
                                 NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);
  if (OMP_PARALLEL_COMBINED (expr))
    gimple_omp_set_subcode (g, GF_OMP_PARALLEL_COMBINED);
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, g);
  *expr_p = NULL_TREE;
}

/* Gimplify the contents of an OMP_TASK statement.  This involves
   gimplification of the body, as well as scanning the body for used
   variables.  We need to do this scan now, because variable-sized
   decls will be decomposed during gimplification.  */

static void
gimplify_omp_task (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p;
  gimple g;
  gimple_seq body = NULL;
  struct gimplify_ctx gctx;

  gimplify_scan_omp_clauses (&OMP_TASK_CLAUSES (expr), pre_p,
                             find_omp_clause (OMP_TASK_CLAUSES (expr),
                                              OMP_CLAUSE_UNTIED)
                             ? ORT_UNTIED_TASK : ORT_TASK);

  push_gimplify_context (&gctx);

  g = gimplify_and_return_first (OMP_TASK_BODY (expr), &body);
  if (gimple_code (g) == GIMPLE_BIND)
    pop_gimplify_context (g);
  else
    pop_gimplify_context (NULL);

  gimplify_adjust_omp_clauses (&OMP_TASK_CLAUSES (expr));

  g = gimple_build_omp_task (body,
                             OMP_TASK_CLAUSES (expr),
                             NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE,
                             NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);
  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, g);
  *expr_p = NULL_TREE;
}

/* Gimplify the gross structure of an OMP_FOR statement.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_omp_for (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree for_stmt, decl, var, t;
  enum gimplify_status ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
  enum gimplify_status tret;
  gimple gfor;
  gimple_seq for_body, for_pre_body;
  int i;

  for_stmt = *expr_p;

  gimplify_scan_omp_clauses (&OMP_FOR_CLAUSES (for_stmt), pre_p,
                             ORT_WORKSHARE);

  /* Handle OMP_FOR_INIT.  */
  for_pre_body = NULL;
  gimplify_and_add (OMP_FOR_PRE_BODY (for_stmt), &for_pre_body);
  OMP_FOR_PRE_BODY (for_stmt) = NULL_TREE;

  for_body = gimple_seq_alloc ();
  gcc_assert (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (OMP_FOR_INIT (for_stmt))
              == TREE_VEC_LENGTH (OMP_FOR_COND (for_stmt)));
  gcc_assert (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (OMP_FOR_INIT (for_stmt))
              == TREE_VEC_LENGTH (OMP_FOR_INCR (for_stmt)));
  for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (OMP_FOR_INIT (for_stmt)); i++)
    {
      t = TREE_VEC_ELT (OMP_FOR_INIT (for_stmt), i);
      gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (t) == MODIFY_EXPR);
      decl = TREE_OPERAND (t, 0);
      gcc_assert (DECL_P (decl));
      gcc_assert (INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (decl))
                  || POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (decl)));

      /* Make sure the iteration variable is private.  */
      if (omp_is_private (gimplify_omp_ctxp, decl))
        omp_notice_variable (gimplify_omp_ctxp, decl, true);
      else
        omp_add_variable (gimplify_omp_ctxp, decl, GOVD_PRIVATE | GOVD_SEEN);

      /* If DECL is not a gimple register, create a temporary variable to act
         as an iteration counter.  This is valid, since DECL cannot be
         modified in the body of the loop.  */
      if (!is_gimple_reg (decl))
        {
          var = create_tmp_var (TREE_TYPE (decl), get_name (decl));
          TREE_OPERAND (t, 0) = var;

          gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&for_body, gimple_build_assign (decl, var));

          omp_add_variable (gimplify_omp_ctxp, var, GOVD_PRIVATE | GOVD_SEEN);
        }
      else
        var = decl;

      tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), &for_pre_body, NULL,
                            is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
      ret = MIN (ret, tret);
      if (ret == GS_ERROR)
        return ret;

      /* Handle OMP_FOR_COND.  */
      t = TREE_VEC_ELT (OMP_FOR_COND (for_stmt), i);
      gcc_assert (COMPARISON_CLASS_P (t));
      gcc_assert (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0) == decl);

      tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), &for_pre_body, NULL,
                            is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
      ret = MIN (ret, tret);

      /* Handle OMP_FOR_INCR.  */
      t = TREE_VEC_ELT (OMP_FOR_INCR (for_stmt), i);
      switch (TREE_CODE (t))
        {
        case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
        case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
          t = build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (decl), 1);
          t = build2 (PLUS_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (decl), var, t);
          t = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (var), var, t);
          TREE_VEC_ELT (OMP_FOR_INCR (for_stmt), i) = t;
          break;

        case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
        case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
          t = build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (decl), -1);
          t = build2 (PLUS_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (decl), var, t);
          t = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (var), var, t);
          TREE_VEC_ELT (OMP_FOR_INCR (for_stmt), i) = t;
          break;

        case MODIFY_EXPR:
          gcc_assert (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0) == decl);
          TREE_OPERAND (t, 0) = var;

          t = TREE_OPERAND (t, 1);
          switch (TREE_CODE (t))
            {
            case PLUS_EXPR:
              if (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1) == decl)
                {
                  TREE_OPERAND (t, 1) = TREE_OPERAND (t, 0);
                  TREE_OPERAND (t, 0) = var;
                  break;
                }

              /* Fallthru.  */
            case MINUS_EXPR:
            case POINTER_PLUS_EXPR:
              gcc_assert (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0) == decl);
              TREE_OPERAND (t, 0) = var;
              break;
            default:
              gcc_unreachable ();
            }

          tret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), &for_pre_body, NULL,
                                is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
          ret = MIN (ret, tret);
          break;

        default:
          gcc_unreachable ();
        }

      if (var != decl || TREE_VEC_LENGTH (OMP_FOR_INIT (for_stmt)) > 1)
        {
          tree c;
          for (c = OMP_FOR_CLAUSES (for_stmt); c ; c = OMP_CLAUSE_CHAIN (c))
            if (OMP_CLAUSE_CODE (c) == OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE
                && OMP_CLAUSE_DECL (c) == decl
                && OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_GIMPLE_SEQ (c) == NULL)
              {
                t = TREE_VEC_ELT (OMP_FOR_INCR (for_stmt), i);
                gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (t) == MODIFY_EXPR);
                gcc_assert (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0) == var);
                t = TREE_OPERAND (t, 1);
                gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (t) == PLUS_EXPR
                            || TREE_CODE (t) == MINUS_EXPR
                            || TREE_CODE (t) == POINTER_PLUS_EXPR);
                gcc_assert (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0) == var);
                t = build2 (TREE_CODE (t), TREE_TYPE (decl), decl,
                            TREE_OPERAND (t, 1));
                gimplify_assign (decl, t,
                                 &OMP_CLAUSE_LASTPRIVATE_GIMPLE_SEQ (c));
            }
        }
    }

  gimplify_and_add (OMP_FOR_BODY (for_stmt), &for_body);

  gimplify_adjust_omp_clauses (&OMP_FOR_CLAUSES (for_stmt));

  gfor = gimple_build_omp_for (for_body, OMP_FOR_CLAUSES (for_stmt),
                               TREE_VEC_LENGTH (OMP_FOR_INIT (for_stmt)),
                               for_pre_body);

  for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (OMP_FOR_INIT (for_stmt)); i++)
    {
      t = TREE_VEC_ELT (OMP_FOR_INIT (for_stmt), i);
      gimple_omp_for_set_index (gfor, i, TREE_OPERAND (t, 0));
      gimple_omp_for_set_initial (gfor, i, TREE_OPERAND (t, 1));
      t = TREE_VEC_ELT (OMP_FOR_COND (for_stmt), i);
      gimple_omp_for_set_cond (gfor, i, TREE_CODE (t));
      gimple_omp_for_set_final (gfor, i, TREE_OPERAND (t, 1));
      t = TREE_VEC_ELT (OMP_FOR_INCR (for_stmt), i);
      gimple_omp_for_set_incr (gfor, i, TREE_OPERAND (t, 1));
    }

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gfor);
  return ret == GS_ALL_DONE ? GS_ALL_DONE : GS_ERROR;
}

/* Gimplify the gross structure of other OpenMP worksharing constructs.
   In particular, OMP_SECTIONS and OMP_SINGLE.  */

static void
gimplify_omp_workshare (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p;
  gimple stmt;
  gimple_seq body = NULL;

  gimplify_scan_omp_clauses (&OMP_CLAUSES (expr), pre_p, ORT_WORKSHARE);
  gimplify_and_add (OMP_BODY (expr), &body);
  gimplify_adjust_omp_clauses (&OMP_CLAUSES (expr));

  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == OMP_SECTIONS)
    stmt = gimple_build_omp_sections (body, OMP_CLAUSES (expr));
  else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == OMP_SINGLE)
    stmt = gimple_build_omp_single (body, OMP_CLAUSES (expr));
  else
    gcc_unreachable ();

  gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, stmt);
}

/* A subroutine of gimplify_omp_atomic.  The front end is supposed to have
   stabilized the lhs of the atomic operation as *ADDR.  Return true if
   EXPR is this stabilized form.  */

static bool
goa_lhs_expr_p (tree expr, tree addr)
{
  /* Also include casts to other type variants.  The C front end is fond
     of adding these for e.g. volatile variables.  This is like
     STRIP_TYPE_NOPS but includes the main variant lookup.  */
  STRIP_USELESS_TYPE_CONVERSION (expr);

  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == INDIRECT_REF)
    {
      expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
      while (expr != addr
             && (CONVERT_EXPR_P (expr)
                 || TREE_CODE (expr) == NON_LVALUE_EXPR)
             && TREE_CODE (expr) == TREE_CODE (addr)
             && types_compatible_p (TREE_TYPE (expr), TREE_TYPE (addr)))
        {
          expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
          addr = TREE_OPERAND (addr, 0);
        }
      if (expr == addr)
        return true;
      return (TREE_CODE (addr) == ADDR_EXPR
              && TREE_CODE (expr) == ADDR_EXPR
              && TREE_OPERAND (addr, 0) == TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0));
    }
  if (TREE_CODE (addr) == ADDR_EXPR && expr == TREE_OPERAND (addr, 0))
    return true;
  return false;
}

/* Walk *EXPR_P and replace
   appearances of *LHS_ADDR with LHS_VAR.  If an expression does not involve
   the lhs, evaluate it into a temporary.  Return 1 if the lhs appeared as
   a subexpression, 0 if it did not, or -1 if an error was encountered.  */

static int
goa_stabilize_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, tree lhs_addr,
                    tree lhs_var)
{
  tree expr = *expr_p;
  int saw_lhs;

  if (goa_lhs_expr_p (expr, lhs_addr))
    {
      *expr_p = lhs_var;
      return 1;
    }
  if (is_gimple_val (expr))
    return 0;

  saw_lhs = 0;
  switch (TREE_CODE_CLASS (TREE_CODE (expr)))
    {
    case tcc_binary:
    case tcc_comparison:
      saw_lhs |= goa_stabilize_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1), pre_p, lhs_addr,
                                     lhs_var);
    case tcc_unary:
      saw_lhs |= goa_stabilize_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), pre_p, lhs_addr,
                                     lhs_var);
      break;
    case tcc_expression:
      switch (TREE_CODE (expr))
        {
        case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
        case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
        case TRUTH_AND_EXPR:
        case TRUTH_OR_EXPR:
        case TRUTH_XOR_EXPR:
          saw_lhs |= goa_stabilize_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1), pre_p,
                                         lhs_addr, lhs_var);
        case TRUTH_NOT_EXPR:
          saw_lhs |= goa_stabilize_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), pre_p,
                                         lhs_addr, lhs_var);
          break;
        default:
          break;
        }
      break;
    default:
      break;
    }

  if (saw_lhs == 0)
    {
      enum gimplify_status gs;
      gs = gimplify_expr (expr_p, pre_p, NULL, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
      if (gs != GS_ALL_DONE)
        saw_lhs = -1;
    }

  return saw_lhs;
}


/* Gimplify an OMP_ATOMIC statement.  */

static enum gimplify_status
gimplify_omp_atomic (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
{
  tree addr = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
  tree rhs = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1);
  tree type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (addr)));
  tree tmp_load;

   tmp_load = create_tmp_reg (type, NULL);
   if (goa_stabilize_expr (&rhs, pre_p, addr, tmp_load) < 0)
     return GS_ERROR;

   if (gimplify_expr (&addr, pre_p, NULL, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue)
       != GS_ALL_DONE)
     return GS_ERROR;

   gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_omp_atomic_load (tmp_load, addr));
   if (gimplify_expr (&rhs, pre_p, NULL, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue)
       != GS_ALL_DONE)
     return GS_ERROR;
   gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, gimple_build_omp_atomic_store (rhs));
   *expr_p = NULL;

   return GS_ALL_DONE;
}


/* Converts the GENERIC expression tree *EXPR_P to GIMPLE.  If the
   expression produces a value to be used as an operand inside a GIMPLE
   statement, the value will be stored back in *EXPR_P.  This value will
   be a tree of class tcc_declaration, tcc_constant, tcc_reference or
   an SSA_NAME.  The corresponding sequence of GIMPLE statements is
   emitted in PRE_P and POST_P.

   Additionally, this process may overwrite parts of the input
   expression during gimplification.  Ideally, it should be
   possible to do non-destructive gimplification.

   EXPR_P points to the GENERIC expression to convert to GIMPLE.  If
      the expression needs to evaluate to a value to be used as
      an operand in a GIMPLE statement, this value will be stored in
      *EXPR_P on exit.  This happens when the caller specifies one
      of fb_lvalue or fb_rvalue fallback flags.

   PRE_P will contain the sequence of GIMPLE statements corresponding
       to the evaluation of EXPR and all the side-effects that must
       be executed before the main expression.  On exit, the last
       statement of PRE_P is the core statement being gimplified.  For
       instance, when gimplifying 'if (++a)' the last statement in
       PRE_P will be 'if (t.1)' where t.1 is the result of
       pre-incrementing 'a'.

   POST_P will contain the sequence of GIMPLE statements corresponding
       to the evaluation of all the side-effects that must be executed
       after the main expression.  If this is NULL, the post
       side-effects are stored at the end of PRE_P.

       The reason why the output is split in two is to handle post
       side-effects explicitly.  In some cases, an expression may have
       inner and outer post side-effects which need to be emitted in
       an order different from the one given by the recursive
       traversal.  For instance, for the expression (*p--)++ the post
       side-effects of '--' must actually occur *after* the post
       side-effects of '++'.  However, gimplification will first visit
       the inner expression, so if a separate POST sequence was not
       used, the resulting sequence would be:

            1   t.1 = *p
            2   p = p - 1
            3   t.2 = t.1 + 1
            4   *p = t.2

       However, the post-decrement operation in line #2 must not be
       evaluated until after the store to *p at line #4, so the
       correct sequence should be:

            1   t.1 = *p
            2   t.2 = t.1 + 1
            3   *p = t.2
            4   p = p - 1

       So, by specifying a separate post queue, it is possible
       to emit the post side-effects in the correct order.
       If POST_P is NULL, an internal queue will be used.  Before
       returning to the caller, the sequence POST_P is appended to
       the main output sequence PRE_P.

   GIMPLE_TEST_F points to a function that takes a tree T and
       returns nonzero if T is in the GIMPLE form requested by the
       caller.  The GIMPLE predicates are in gimple.c.

   FALLBACK tells the function what sort of a temporary we want if
       gimplification cannot produce an expression that complies with
       GIMPLE_TEST_F.

       fb_none means that no temporary should be generated
       fb_rvalue means that an rvalue is OK to generate
       fb_lvalue means that an lvalue is OK to generate
       fb_either means that either is OK, but an lvalue is preferable.
       fb_mayfail means that gimplification may fail (in which case
       GS_ERROR will be returned)

   The return value is either GS_ERROR or GS_ALL_DONE, since this
   function iterates until EXPR is completely gimplified or an error
   occurs.  */

enum gimplify_status
gimplify_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p, gimple_seq *post_p,
               bool (*gimple_test_f) (tree), fallback_t fallback)
{
  tree tmp;
  gimple_seq internal_pre = NULL;
  gimple_seq internal_post = NULL;
  tree save_expr;
  bool is_statement;
  location_t saved_location;
  enum gimplify_status ret;
  gimple_stmt_iterator pre_last_gsi, post_last_gsi;

  save_expr = *expr_p;
  if (save_expr == NULL_TREE)
    return GS_ALL_DONE;

  /* If we are gimplifying a top-level statement, PRE_P must be valid.  */
  is_statement = gimple_test_f == is_gimple_stmt;
  if (is_statement)
    gcc_assert (pre_p);

  /* Consistency checks.  */
  if (gimple_test_f == is_gimple_reg)
    gcc_assert (fallback & (fb_rvalue | fb_lvalue));
  else if (gimple_test_f == is_gimple_val
           || gimple_test_f == is_gimple_call_addr
           || gimple_test_f == is_gimple_condexpr
           || gimple_test_f == is_gimple_mem_rhs
           || gimple_test_f == is_gimple_mem_rhs_or_call
           || gimple_test_f == is_gimple_reg_rhs
           || gimple_test_f == is_gimple_reg_rhs_or_call
           || gimple_test_f == is_gimple_asm_val
           || gimple_test_f == is_gimple_mem_ref_addr)
    gcc_assert (fallback & fb_rvalue);
  else if (gimple_test_f == is_gimple_min_lval
           || gimple_test_f == is_gimple_lvalue)
    gcc_assert (fallback & fb_lvalue);
  else if (gimple_test_f == is_gimple_addressable)
    gcc_assert (fallback & fb_either);
  else if (gimple_test_f == is_gimple_stmt)
    gcc_assert (fallback == fb_none);
  else
    {
      /* We should have recognized the GIMPLE_TEST_F predicate to
         know what kind of fallback to use in case a temporary is
         needed to hold the value or address of *EXPR_P.  */
      gcc_unreachable ();
    }

  /* We used to check the predicate here and return immediately if it
     succeeds.  This is wrong; the design is for gimplification to be
     idempotent, and for the predicates to only test for valid forms, not
     whether they are fully simplified.  */
  if (pre_p == NULL)
    pre_p = &internal_pre;

  if (post_p == NULL)
    post_p = &internal_post;

  /* Remember the last statements added to PRE_P and POST_P.  Every
     new statement added by the gimplification helpers needs to be
     annotated with location information.  To centralize the
     responsibility, we remember the last statement that had been
     added to both queues before gimplifying *EXPR_P.  If
     gimplification produces new statements in PRE_P and POST_P, those
     statements will be annotated with the same location information
     as *EXPR_P.  */
  pre_last_gsi = gsi_last (*pre_p);
  post_last_gsi = gsi_last (*post_p);

  saved_location = input_location;
  if (save_expr != error_mark_node
      && EXPR_HAS_LOCATION (*expr_p))
    input_location = EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p);

  /* Loop over the specific gimplifiers until the toplevel node
     remains the same.  */
  do
    {
      /* Strip away as many useless type conversions as possible
         at the toplevel.  */
      STRIP_USELESS_TYPE_CONVERSION (*expr_p);

      /* Remember the expr.  */
      save_expr = *expr_p;

      /* Die, die, die, my darling.  */
      if (save_expr == error_mark_node
          || (TREE_TYPE (save_expr)
              && TREE_TYPE (save_expr) == error_mark_node))
        {
          ret = GS_ERROR;
          break;
        }

      /* Do any language-specific gimplification.  */
      ret = ((enum gimplify_status)
             lang_hooks.gimplify_expr (expr_p, pre_p, post_p));
      if (ret == GS_OK)
        {
          if (*expr_p == NULL_TREE)
            break;
          if (*expr_p != save_expr)
            continue;
        }
      else if (ret != GS_UNHANDLED)
        break;

      /* Make sure that all the cases set 'ret' appropriately.  */
      ret = GS_UNHANDLED;
      switch (TREE_CODE (*expr_p))
        {
          /* First deal with the special cases.  */

        case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
        case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
        case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
        case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_self_mod_expr (expr_p, pre_p, post_p,
                                        fallback != fb_none);
          break;

        case ARRAY_REF:
        case ARRAY_RANGE_REF:
        case REALPART_EXPR:
        case IMAGPART_EXPR:
        case COMPONENT_REF:
        case VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_compound_lval (expr_p, pre_p, post_p,
                                        fallback ? fallback : fb_rvalue);
          break;

        case COND_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_cond_expr (expr_p, pre_p, fallback);

          /* C99 code may assign to an array in a structure value of a
             conditional expression, and this has undefined behavior
             only on execution, so create a temporary if an lvalue is
             required.  */
          if (fallback == fb_lvalue)
            {
              *expr_p = get_initialized_tmp_var (*expr_p, pre_p, post_p);
              mark_addressable (*expr_p);
              ret = GS_OK;
            }
          break;

        case CALL_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_call_expr (expr_p, pre_p, fallback != fb_none);

          /* C99 code may assign to an array in a structure returned
             from a function, and this has undefined behavior only on
             execution, so create a temporary if an lvalue is
             required.  */
          if (fallback == fb_lvalue)
            {
              *expr_p = get_initialized_tmp_var (*expr_p, pre_p, post_p);
              mark_addressable (*expr_p);
              ret = GS_OK;
            }
          break;

        case TREE_LIST:
          gcc_unreachable ();

        case COMPOUND_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_compound_expr (expr_p, pre_p, fallback != fb_none);
          break;

        case COMPOUND_LITERAL_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_compound_literal_expr (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case MODIFY_EXPR:
        case INIT_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_modify_expr (expr_p, pre_p, post_p,
                                      fallback != fb_none);
          break;

        case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
        case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
          /* Pass the source location of the outer expression.  */
          ret = gimplify_boolean_expr (expr_p, saved_location);
          break;

        case TRUTH_NOT_EXPR:
          if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p)) != BOOLEAN_TYPE)
            {
              tree type = TREE_TYPE (*expr_p);
              *expr_p = fold_convert (type, gimple_boolify (*expr_p));
              ret = GS_OK;
              break;
            }

          ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p, post_p,
                               is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
          recalculate_side_effects (*expr_p);
          break;

        case ADDR_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_addr_expr (expr_p, pre_p, post_p);
          break;

        case VA_ARG_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_va_arg_expr (expr_p, pre_p, post_p);
          break;

        CASE_CONVERT:
          if (IS_EMPTY_STMT (*expr_p))
            {
              ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
              break;
            }

          if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p))
              || fallback == fb_none)
            {
              /* Just strip a conversion to void (or in void context) and
                 try again.  */
              *expr_p = TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0);
              ret = GS_OK;
              break;
            }

          ret = gimplify_conversion (expr_p);
          if (ret == GS_ERROR)
            break;
          if (*expr_p != save_expr)
            break;
          /* FALLTHRU */

        case FIX_TRUNC_EXPR:
          /* unary_expr: ... | '(' cast ')' val | ...  */
          ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p, post_p,
                               is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
          recalculate_side_effects (*expr_p);
          break;

        case INDIRECT_REF:
          {
            bool volatilep = TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (*expr_p);
            bool notrap = TREE_THIS_NOTRAP (*expr_p);
            tree saved_ptr_type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0));

            *expr_p = fold_indirect_ref_loc (input_location, *expr_p);
            if (*expr_p != save_expr)
              {
                ret = GS_OK;
                break;
              }

            ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p, post_p,
                                 is_gimple_reg, fb_rvalue);
            if (ret == GS_ERROR)
              break;

            recalculate_side_effects (*expr_p);
            *expr_p = fold_build2_loc (input_location, MEM_REF,
                                       TREE_TYPE (*expr_p),
                                       TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0),
                                       build_int_cst (saved_ptr_type, 0));
            TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (*expr_p) = volatilep;
            TREE_THIS_NOTRAP (*expr_p) = notrap;
            ret = GS_OK;
            break;
          }

        /* We arrive here through the various re-gimplifcation paths.  */
        case MEM_REF:
          /* First try re-folding the whole thing.  */
          tmp = fold_binary (MEM_REF, TREE_TYPE (*expr_p),
                             TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0),
                             TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1));
          if (tmp)
            {
              *expr_p = tmp;
              recalculate_side_effects (*expr_p);
              ret = GS_OK;
              break;
            }
          ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p, post_p,
                               is_gimple_mem_ref_addr, fb_rvalue);
          if (ret == GS_ERROR)
            break;
          recalculate_side_effects (*expr_p);
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

          /* Constants need not be gimplified.  */
        case INTEGER_CST:
        case REAL_CST:
        case FIXED_CST:
        case STRING_CST:
        case COMPLEX_CST:
        case VECTOR_CST:
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

        case CONST_DECL:
          /* If we require an lvalue, such as for ADDR_EXPR, retain the
             CONST_DECL node.  Otherwise the decl is replaceable by its
             value.  */
          /* ??? Should be == fb_lvalue, but ADDR_EXPR passes fb_either.  */
          if (fallback & fb_lvalue)
            ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          else
            {
              *expr_p = DECL_INITIAL (*expr_p);
              ret = GS_OK;
            }
          break;

        case DECL_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_decl_expr (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case BIND_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_bind_expr (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case LOOP_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_loop_expr (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case SWITCH_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_switch_expr (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case EXIT_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_exit_expr (expr_p);
          break;

        case GOTO_EXPR:
          /* If the target is not LABEL, then it is a computed jump
             and the target needs to be gimplified.  */
          if (TREE_CODE (GOTO_DESTINATION (*expr_p)) != LABEL_DECL)
            {
              ret = gimplify_expr (&GOTO_DESTINATION (*expr_p), pre_p,
                                   NULL, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
              if (ret == GS_ERROR)
                break;
            }
          gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p,
                          gimple_build_goto (GOTO_DESTINATION (*expr_p)));
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

        case PREDICT_EXPR:
          gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p,
                        gimple_build_predict (PREDICT_EXPR_PREDICTOR (*expr_p),
                                              PREDICT_EXPR_OUTCOME (*expr_p)));
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

        case LABEL_EXPR:
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          gcc_assert (decl_function_context (LABEL_EXPR_LABEL (*expr_p))
                      == current_function_decl);
          gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p,
                          gimple_build_label (LABEL_EXPR_LABEL (*expr_p)));
          break;

        case CASE_LABEL_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_case_label_expr (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case RETURN_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_return_expr (*expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case CONSTRUCTOR:
          /* Don't reduce this in place; let gimplify_init_constructor work its
             magic.  Buf if we're just elaborating this for side effects, just
             gimplify any element that has side-effects.  */
          if (fallback == fb_none)
            {
              unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT ix;
              tree val;
              tree temp = NULL_TREE;
              FOR_EACH_CONSTRUCTOR_VALUE (CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (*expr_p), ix, val)
                if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (val))
                  append_to_statement_list (val, &temp);

              *expr_p = temp;
              ret = temp ? GS_OK : GS_ALL_DONE;
            }
          /* C99 code may assign to an array in a constructed
             structure or union, and this has undefined behavior only
             on execution, so create a temporary if an lvalue is
             required.  */
          else if (fallback == fb_lvalue)
            {
              *expr_p = get_initialized_tmp_var (*expr_p, pre_p, post_p);
              mark_addressable (*expr_p);
              ret = GS_OK;
            }
          else
            ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

          /* The following are special cases that are not handled by the
             original GIMPLE grammar.  */

          /* SAVE_EXPR nodes are converted into a GIMPLE identifier and
             eliminated.  */
        case SAVE_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_save_expr (expr_p, pre_p, post_p);
          break;

        case BIT_FIELD_REF:
          {
            enum gimplify_status r0, r1, r2;

            r0 = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p,
                                post_p, is_gimple_lvalue, fb_either);
            r1 = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1), pre_p,
                                post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
            r2 = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 2), pre_p,
                                post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
            recalculate_side_effects (*expr_p);

            ret = MIN (r0, MIN (r1, r2));
          }
          break;

        case TARGET_MEM_REF:
          {
            enum gimplify_status r0 = GS_ALL_DONE, r1 = GS_ALL_DONE;

            if (TMR_BASE (*expr_p))
              r0 = gimplify_expr (&TMR_BASE (*expr_p), pre_p,
                                  post_p, is_gimple_mem_ref_addr, fb_either);
            if (TMR_INDEX (*expr_p))
              r1 = gimplify_expr (&TMR_INDEX (*expr_p), pre_p,
                                  post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
            if (TMR_INDEX2 (*expr_p))
              r1 = gimplify_expr (&TMR_INDEX2 (*expr_p), pre_p,
                                  post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
            /* TMR_STEP and TMR_OFFSET are always integer constants.  */
            ret = MIN (r0, r1);
          }
          break;

        case NON_LVALUE_EXPR:
          /* This should have been stripped above.  */
          gcc_unreachable ();

        case ASM_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_asm_expr (expr_p, pre_p, post_p);
          break;

        case TRY_FINALLY_EXPR:
        case TRY_CATCH_EXPR:
          {
            gimple_seq eval, cleanup;
            gimple try_;

            eval = cleanup = NULL;
            gimplify_and_add (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), &eval);
            gimplify_and_add (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1), &cleanup);
            /* Don't create bogus GIMPLE_TRY with empty cleanup.  */
            if (gimple_seq_empty_p (cleanup))
              {
                gimple_seq_add_seq (pre_p, eval);
                ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
                break;
              }
            try_ = gimple_build_try (eval, cleanup,
                                     TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == TRY_FINALLY_EXPR
                                     ? GIMPLE_TRY_FINALLY
                                     : GIMPLE_TRY_CATCH);
            if (TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == TRY_CATCH_EXPR)
              gimple_try_set_catch_is_cleanup (try_,
                                               TRY_CATCH_IS_CLEANUP (*expr_p));
            gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, try_);
            ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
            break;
          }

        case CLEANUP_POINT_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_cleanup_point_expr (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case TARGET_EXPR:
          ret = gimplify_target_expr (expr_p, pre_p, post_p);
          break;

        case CATCH_EXPR:
          {
            gimple c;
            gimple_seq handler = NULL;
            gimplify_and_add (CATCH_BODY (*expr_p), &handler);
            c = gimple_build_catch (CATCH_TYPES (*expr_p), handler);
            gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, c);
            ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
            break;
          }

        case EH_FILTER_EXPR:
          {
            gimple ehf;
            gimple_seq failure = NULL;

            gimplify_and_add (EH_FILTER_FAILURE (*expr_p), &failure);
            ehf = gimple_build_eh_filter (EH_FILTER_TYPES (*expr_p), failure);
            gimple_set_no_warning (ehf, TREE_NO_WARNING (*expr_p));
            gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, ehf);
            ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
            break;
          }

        case OBJ_TYPE_REF:
          {
            enum gimplify_status r0, r1;
            r0 = gimplify_expr (&OBJ_TYPE_REF_OBJECT (*expr_p), pre_p,
                                post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
            r1 = gimplify_expr (&OBJ_TYPE_REF_EXPR (*expr_p), pre_p,
                                post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
            TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (*expr_p) = 0;
            ret = MIN (r0, r1);
          }
          break;

        case LABEL_DECL:
          /* We get here when taking the address of a label.  We mark
             the label as "forced"; meaning it can never be removed and
             it is a potential target for any computed goto.  */
          FORCED_LABEL (*expr_p) = 1;
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

        case STATEMENT_LIST:
          ret = gimplify_statement_list (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case WITH_SIZE_EXPR:
          {
            gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p,
                           post_p == &internal_post ? NULL : post_p,
                           gimple_test_f, fallback);
            gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1), pre_p, post_p,
                           is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
            ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          }
          break;

        case VAR_DECL:
        case PARM_DECL:
          ret = gimplify_var_or_parm_decl (expr_p);
          break;

        case RESULT_DECL:
          /* When within an OpenMP context, notice uses of variables.  */
          if (gimplify_omp_ctxp)
            omp_notice_variable (gimplify_omp_ctxp, *expr_p, true);
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

        case SSA_NAME:
          /* Allow callbacks into the gimplifier during optimization.  */
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

        case OMP_PARALLEL:
          gimplify_omp_parallel (expr_p, pre_p);
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

        case OMP_TASK:
          gimplify_omp_task (expr_p, pre_p);
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

        case OMP_FOR:
          ret = gimplify_omp_for (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case OMP_SECTIONS:
        case OMP_SINGLE:
          gimplify_omp_workshare (expr_p, pre_p);
          ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
          break;

        case OMP_SECTION:
        case OMP_MASTER:
        case OMP_ORDERED:
        case OMP_CRITICAL:
          {
            gimple_seq body = NULL;
            gimple g;

            gimplify_and_add (OMP_BODY (*expr_p), &body);
            switch (TREE_CODE (*expr_p))
              {
              case OMP_SECTION:
                g = gimple_build_omp_section (body);
                break;
              case OMP_MASTER:
                g = gimple_build_omp_master (body);
                break;
              case OMP_ORDERED:
                g = gimple_build_omp_ordered (body);
                break;
              case OMP_CRITICAL:
                g = gimple_build_omp_critical (body,
                                               OMP_CRITICAL_NAME (*expr_p));
                break;
              default:
                gcc_unreachable ();
              }
            gimplify_seq_add_stmt (pre_p, g);
            ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
            break;
          }

        case OMP_ATOMIC:
          ret = gimplify_omp_atomic (expr_p, pre_p);
          break;

        case POINTER_PLUS_EXPR:
          /* Convert ((type *)A)+offset into &A->field_of_type_and_offset.
             The second is gimple immediate saving a need for extra statement.
           */
          if (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1)) == INTEGER_CST
              && (tmp = maybe_fold_offset_to_address
                  (EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p),
                   TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1),
                   TREE_TYPE (*expr_p))))
            {
              *expr_p = tmp;
              ret = GS_OK;
              break;
            }
          /* Convert (void *)&a + 4 into (void *)&a[1].  */
          if (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0)) == NOP_EXPR
              && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1)) == INTEGER_CST
              && POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p,
                                                                        0),0)))
              && (tmp = maybe_fold_offset_to_address
                  (EXPR_LOCATION (*expr_p),
                   TREE_OPERAND (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), 0),
                   TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1),
                   TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0),
                                            0)))))
             {
               *expr_p = fold_convert (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p), tmp);
               ret = GS_OK;
               break;
             }
          /* FALLTHRU */

        default:
          switch (TREE_CODE_CLASS (TREE_CODE (*expr_p)))
            {
            case tcc_comparison:
              /* Handle comparison of objects of non scalar mode aggregates
                 with a call to memcmp.  It would be nice to only have to do
                 this for variable-sized objects, but then we'd have to allow
                 the same nest of reference nodes we allow for MODIFY_EXPR and
                 that's too complex.

                 Compare scalar mode aggregates as scalar mode values.  Using
                 memcmp for them would be very inefficient at best, and is
                 plain wrong if bitfields are involved.  */
                {
                  tree type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1));

                  if (!AGGREGATE_TYPE_P (type))
                    goto expr_2;
                  else if (TYPE_MODE (type) != BLKmode)
                    ret = gimplify_scalar_mode_aggregate_compare (expr_p);
                  else
                    ret = gimplify_variable_sized_compare (expr_p);

                  break;
                }

            /* If *EXPR_P does not need to be special-cased, handle it
               according to its class.  */
            case tcc_unary:
              ret = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p,
                                   post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
              break;

            case tcc_binary:
            expr_2:
              {
                enum gimplify_status r0, r1;

                r0 = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p,
                                    post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
                r1 = gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1), pre_p,
                                    post_p, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);

                ret = MIN (r0, r1);
                break;
              }

            case tcc_declaration:
            case tcc_constant:
              ret = GS_ALL_DONE;
              goto dont_recalculate;

            default:
              gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == TRUTH_AND_EXPR
                          || TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == TRUTH_OR_EXPR
                          || TREE_CODE (*expr_p) == TRUTH_XOR_EXPR);
              goto expr_2;
            }

          recalculate_side_effects (*expr_p);

        dont_recalculate:
          break;
        }

      gcc_assert (*expr_p || ret != GS_OK);
    }
  while (ret == GS_OK);

  /* If we encountered an error_mark somewhere nested inside, either
     stub out the statement or propagate the error back out.  */
  if (ret == GS_ERROR)
    {
      if (is_statement)
        *expr_p = NULL;
      goto out;
    }

  /* This was only valid as a return value from the langhook, which
     we handled.  Make sure it doesn't escape from any other context.  */
  gcc_assert (ret != GS_UNHANDLED);

  if (fallback == fb_none && *expr_p && !is_gimple_stmt (*expr_p))
    {
      /* We aren't looking for a value, and we don't have a valid
         statement.  If it doesn't have side-effects, throw it away.  */
      if (!TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (*expr_p))
        *expr_p = NULL;
      else if (!TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (*expr_p))
        {
          /* This is probably a _REF that contains something nested that
             has side effects.  Recurse through the operands to find it.  */
          enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (*expr_p);

          switch (code)
            {
            case COMPONENT_REF:
            case REALPART_EXPR:
            case IMAGPART_EXPR:
            case VIEW_CONVERT_EXPR:
              gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p, post_p,
                             gimple_test_f, fallback);
              break;

            case ARRAY_REF:
            case ARRAY_RANGE_REF:
              gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 0), pre_p, post_p,
                             gimple_test_f, fallback);
              gimplify_expr (&TREE_OPERAND (*expr_p, 1), pre_p, post_p,
                             gimple_test_f, fallback);
              break;

            default:
               /* Anything else with side-effects must be converted to
                  a valid statement before we get here.  */
              gcc_unreachable ();
            }

          *expr_p = NULL;
        }
      else if (COMPLETE_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p))
               && TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p)) != BLKmode)
        {
          /* Historically, the compiler has treated a bare reference
             to a non-BLKmode volatile lvalue as forcing a load.  */
          tree type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p));

          /* Normally, we do not want to create a temporary for a
             TREE_ADDRESSABLE type because such a type should not be
             copied by bitwise-assignment.  However, we make an
             exception here, as all we are doing here is ensuring that
             we read the bytes that make up the type.  We use
             create_tmp_var_raw because create_tmp_var will abort when
             given a TREE_ADDRESSABLE type.  */
          tree tmp = create_tmp_var_raw (type, "vol");
          gimple_add_tmp_var (tmp);
          gimplify_assign (tmp, *expr_p, pre_p);
          *expr_p = NULL;
        }
      else
        /* We can't do anything useful with a volatile reference to
           an incomplete type, so just throw it away.  Likewise for
           a BLKmode type, since any implicit inner load should
           already have been turned into an explicit one by the
           gimplification process.  */
        *expr_p = NULL;
    }

  /* If we are gimplifying at the statement level, we're done.  Tack
     everything together and return.  */
  if (fallback == fb_none || is_statement)
    {
      /* Since *EXPR_P has been converted into a GIMPLE tuple, clear
         it out for GC to reclaim it.  */
      *expr_p = NULL_TREE;

      if (!gimple_seq_empty_p (internal_pre)
          || !gimple_seq_empty_p (internal_post))
        {
          gimplify_seq_add_seq (&internal_pre, internal_post);
          gimplify_seq_add_seq (pre_p, internal_pre);
        }

      /* The result of gimplifying *EXPR_P is going to be the last few
         statements in *PRE_P and *POST_P.  Add location information
         to all the statements that were added by the gimplification
         helpers.  */
      if (!gimple_seq_empty_p (*pre_p))
        annotate_all_with_location_after (*pre_p, pre_last_gsi, input_location);

      if (!gimple_seq_empty_p (*post_p))
        annotate_all_with_location_after (*post_p, post_last_gsi,
                                          input_location);

      goto out;
    }

#ifdef ENABLE_GIMPLE_CHECKING
  if (*expr_p)
    {
      enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (*expr_p);
      /* These expressions should already be in gimple IR form.  */
      gcc_assert (code != MODIFY_EXPR
                  && code != ASM_EXPR
                  && code != BIND_EXPR
                  && code != CATCH_EXPR
                  && (code != COND_EXPR || gimplify_ctxp->allow_rhs_cond_expr)
                  && code != EH_FILTER_EXPR
                  && code != GOTO_EXPR
                  && code != LABEL_EXPR
                  && code != LOOP_EXPR
                  && code != SWITCH_EXPR
                  && code != TRY_FINALLY_EXPR
                  && code != OMP_CRITICAL
                  && code != OMP_FOR
                  && code != OMP_MASTER
                  && code != OMP_ORDERED
                  && code != OMP_PARALLEL
                  && code != OMP_SECTIONS
                  && code != OMP_SECTION
                  && code != OMP_SINGLE);
    }
#endif

  /* Otherwise we're gimplifying a subexpression, so the resulting
     value is interesting.  If it's a valid operand that matches
     GIMPLE_TEST_F, we're done. Unless we are handling some
     post-effects internally; if that's the case, we need to copy into
     a temporary before adding the post-effects to POST_P.  */
  if (gimple_seq_empty_p (internal_post) && (*gimple_test_f) (*expr_p))
    goto out;

  /* Otherwise, we need to create a new temporary for the gimplified
     expression.  */

  /* We can't return an lvalue if we have an internal postqueue.  The
     object the lvalue refers to would (probably) be modified by the
     postqueue; we need to copy the value out first, which means an
     rvalue.  */
  if ((fallback & fb_lvalue)
      && gimple_seq_empty_p (internal_post)
      && is_gimple_addressable (*expr_p))
    {
      /* An lvalue will do.  Take the address of the expression, store it
         in a temporary, and replace the expression with an INDIRECT_REF of
         that temporary.  */
      tmp = build_fold_addr_expr_loc (input_location, *expr_p);
      gimplify_expr (&tmp, pre_p, post_p, is_gimple_reg, fb_rvalue);
      *expr_p = build_simple_mem_ref (tmp);
    }
  else if ((fallback & fb_rvalue) && is_gimple_reg_rhs_or_call (*expr_p))
    {
      /* An rvalue will do.  Assign the gimplified expression into a
         new temporary TMP and replace the original expression with
         TMP.  First, make sure that the expression has a type so that
         it can be assigned into a temporary.  */
      gcc_assert (!VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p)));

      if (!gimple_seq_empty_p (internal_post) || (fallback & fb_lvalue))
        /* The postqueue might change the value of the expression between
           the initialization and use of the temporary, so we can't use a
           formal temp.  FIXME do we care?  */
        {
          *expr_p = get_initialized_tmp_var (*expr_p, pre_p, post_p);
          if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p)) == COMPLEX_TYPE
              || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (*expr_p)) == VECTOR_TYPE)
            DECL_GIMPLE_REG_P (*expr_p) = 1;
        }
      else
        *expr_p = get_formal_tmp_var (*expr_p, pre_p);
    }
  else
    {
#ifdef ENABLE_GIMPLE_CHECKING
      if (!(fallback & fb_mayfail))
        {
          fprintf (stderr, "gimplification failed:\n");
          print_generic_expr (stderr, *expr_p, 0);
          debug_tree (*expr_p);
          internal_error ("gimplification failed");
        }
#endif
      gcc_assert (fallback & fb_mayfail);

      /* If this is an asm statement, and the user asked for the
         impossible, don't die.  Fail and let gimplify_asm_expr
         issue an error.  */
      ret = GS_ERROR;
      goto out;
    }

  /* Make sure the temporary matches our predicate.  */
  gcc_assert ((*gimple_test_f) (*expr_p));

  if (!gimple_seq_empty_p (internal_post))
    {
      annotate_all_with_location (internal_post, input_location);
      gimplify_seq_add_seq (pre_p, internal_post);
    }

 out:
  input_location = saved_location;
  return ret;
}

/* Look through TYPE for variable-sized objects and gimplify each such
   size that we find.  Add to LIST_P any statements generated.  */

void
gimplify_type_sizes (tree type, gimple_seq *list_p)
{
  tree field, t;

  if (type == NULL || type == error_mark_node)
    return;

  /* We first do the main variant, then copy into any other variants.  */
  type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type);

  /* Avoid infinite recursion.  */
  if (TYPE_SIZES_GIMPLIFIED (type))
    return;

  TYPE_SIZES_GIMPLIFIED (type) = 1;

  switch (TREE_CODE (type))
    {
    case INTEGER_TYPE:
    case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
    case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
    case REAL_TYPE:
    case FIXED_POINT_TYPE:
      gimplify_one_sizepos (&TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type), list_p);
      gimplify_one_sizepos (&TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type), list_p);

      for (t = TYPE_NEXT_VARIANT (type); t; t = TYPE_NEXT_VARIANT (t))
        {
          TYPE_MIN_VALUE (t) = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type);
          TYPE_MAX_VALUE (t) = TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type);
        }
      break;

    case ARRAY_TYPE:
      /* These types may not have declarations, so handle them here.  */
      gimplify_type_sizes (TREE_TYPE (type), list_p);
      gimplify_type_sizes (TYPE_DOMAIN (type), list_p);
      /* Ensure VLA bounds aren't removed, for -O0 they should be variables
         with assigned stack slots, for -O1+ -g they should be tracked
         by VTA.  */
      if (!(TYPE_NAME (type)
            && TREE_CODE (TYPE_NAME (type)) == TYPE_DECL
            && DECL_IGNORED_P (TYPE_NAME (type)))
          && TYPE_DOMAIN (type)
          && INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TYPE_DOMAIN (type)))
        {
          t = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (TYPE_DOMAIN (type));
          if (t && TREE_CODE (t) == VAR_DECL && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (t))
            DECL_IGNORED_P (t) = 0;
          t = TYPE_MAX_VALUE (TYPE_DOMAIN (type));
          if (t && TREE_CODE (t) == VAR_DECL && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (t))
            DECL_IGNORED_P (t) = 0;
        }
      break;

    case RECORD_TYPE:
    case UNION_TYPE:
    case QUAL_UNION_TYPE:
      for (field = TYPE_FIELDS (type); field; field = DECL_CHAIN (field))
        if (TREE_CODE (field) == FIELD_DECL)
          {
            gimplify_one_sizepos (&DECL_FIELD_OFFSET (field), list_p);
            gimplify_one_sizepos (&DECL_SIZE (field), list_p);
            gimplify_one_sizepos (&DECL_SIZE_UNIT (field), list_p);
            gimplify_type_sizes (TREE_TYPE (field), list_p);
          }
      break;

    case POINTER_TYPE:
    case REFERENCE_TYPE:
        /* We used to recurse on the pointed-to type here, which turned out to
           be incorrect because its definition might refer to variables not
           yet initialized at this point if a forward declaration is involved.

           It was actually useful for anonymous pointed-to types to ensure
           that the sizes evaluation dominates every possible later use of the
           values.  Restricting to such types here would be safe since there
           is no possible forward declaration around, but would introduce an
           undesirable middle-end semantic to anonymity.  We then defer to
           front-ends the responsibility of ensuring that the sizes are
           evaluated both early and late enough, e.g. by attaching artificial
           type declarations to the tree.  */
      break;

    default:
      break;
    }

  gimplify_one_sizepos (&TYPE_SIZE (type), list_p);
  gimplify_one_sizepos (&TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type), list_p);

  for (t = TYPE_NEXT_VARIANT (type); t; t = TYPE_NEXT_VARIANT (t))
    {
      TYPE_SIZE (t) = TYPE_SIZE (type);
      TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (t) = TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (type);
      TYPE_SIZES_GIMPLIFIED (t) = 1;
    }
}

/* A subroutine of gimplify_type_sizes to make sure that *EXPR_P,
   a size or position, has had all of its SAVE_EXPRs evaluated.
   We add any required statements to *STMT_P.  */

void
gimplify_one_sizepos (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *stmt_p)
{
  tree type, expr = *expr_p;

  /* We don't do anything if the value isn't there, is constant, or contains
     A PLACEHOLDER_EXPR.  We also don't want to do anything if it's already
     a VAR_DECL.  If it's a VAR_DECL from another function, the gimplifier
     will want to replace it with a new variable, but that will cause problems
     if this type is from outside the function.  It's OK to have that here.  */
  if (expr == NULL_TREE || TREE_CONSTANT (expr)
      || TREE_CODE (expr) == VAR_DECL
      || CONTAINS_PLACEHOLDER_P (expr))
    return;

  type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
  *expr_p = unshare_expr (expr);

  gimplify_expr (expr_p, stmt_p, NULL, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
  expr = *expr_p;

  /* Verify that we've an exact type match with the original expression.
     In particular, we do not wish to drop a "sizetype" in favour of a
     type of similar dimensions.  We don't want to pollute the generic
     type-stripping code with this knowledge because it doesn't matter
     for the bulk of GENERIC/GIMPLE.  It only matters that TYPE_SIZE_UNIT
     and friends retain their "sizetype-ness".  */
  if (TREE_TYPE (expr) != type
      && TREE_CODE (type) == INTEGER_TYPE
      && TYPE_IS_SIZETYPE (type))
    {
      tree tmp;
      gimple stmt;

      *expr_p = create_tmp_var (type, NULL);
      tmp = build1 (NOP_EXPR, type, expr);
      stmt = gimplify_assign (*expr_p, tmp, stmt_p);
      gimple_set_location (stmt, EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE (expr));
    }
}


/* Gimplify the body of statements pointed to by BODY_P and return a
   GIMPLE_BIND containing the sequence of GIMPLE statements
   corresponding to BODY_P.  FNDECL is the function decl containing
   *BODY_P.  */

gimple
gimplify_body (tree *body_p, tree fndecl, bool do_parms)
{
  location_t saved_location = input_location;
  gimple_seq parm_stmts, seq;
  gimple outer_bind;
  struct gimplify_ctx gctx;

  timevar_push (TV_TREE_GIMPLIFY);

  /* Initialize for optimize_insn_for_s{ize,peed}_p possibly called during
     gimplification.  */
  default_rtl_profile ();

  gcc_assert (gimplify_ctxp == NULL);
  push_gimplify_context (&gctx);

  /* Unshare most shared trees in the body and in that of any nested functions.
     It would seem we don't have to do this for nested functions because
     they are supposed to be output and then the outer function gimplified
     first, but the g++ front end doesn't always do it that way.  */
  unshare_body (body_p, fndecl);
  unvisit_body (body_p, fndecl);

  if (cgraph_node (fndecl)->origin)
    nonlocal_vlas = pointer_set_create ();

  /* Make sure input_location isn't set to something weird.  */
  input_location = DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fndecl);

  /* Resolve callee-copies.  This has to be done before processing
     the body so that DECL_VALUE_EXPR gets processed correctly.  */
  parm_stmts = (do_parms) ? gimplify_parameters () : NULL;

  /* Gimplify the function's body.  */
  seq = NULL;
  gimplify_stmt (body_p, &seq);
  outer_bind = gimple_seq_first_stmt (seq);
  if (!outer_bind)
    {
      outer_bind = gimple_build_nop ();
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&seq, outer_bind);
    }

  /* The body must contain exactly one statement, a GIMPLE_BIND.  If this is
     not the case, wrap everything in a GIMPLE_BIND to make it so.  */
  if (gimple_code (outer_bind) == GIMPLE_BIND
      && gimple_seq_first (seq) == gimple_seq_last (seq))
    ;
  else
    outer_bind = gimple_build_bind (NULL_TREE, seq, NULL);

  *body_p = NULL_TREE;

  /* If we had callee-copies statements, insert them at the beginning
     of the function and clear DECL_VALUE_EXPR_P on the parameters.  */
  if (!gimple_seq_empty_p (parm_stmts))
    {
      tree parm;

      gimplify_seq_add_seq (&parm_stmts, gimple_bind_body (outer_bind));
      gimple_bind_set_body (outer_bind, parm_stmts);

      for (parm = DECL_ARGUMENTS (current_function_decl);
           parm; parm = DECL_CHAIN (parm))
        if (DECL_HAS_VALUE_EXPR_P (parm))
          {
            DECL_HAS_VALUE_EXPR_P (parm) = 0;
            DECL_IGNORED_P (parm) = 0;
          }
    }

  if (nonlocal_vlas)
    {
      pointer_set_destroy (nonlocal_vlas);
      nonlocal_vlas = NULL;
    }

  pop_gimplify_context (outer_bind);
  gcc_assert (gimplify_ctxp == NULL);

#ifdef ENABLE_TYPES_CHECKING
  if (!seen_error ())
    verify_types_in_gimple_seq (gimple_bind_body (outer_bind));
#endif

  timevar_pop (TV_TREE_GIMPLIFY);
  input_location = saved_location;

  return outer_bind;
}

/* Entry point to the gimplification pass.  FNDECL is the FUNCTION_DECL
   node for the function we want to gimplify.

   Returns the sequence of GIMPLE statements corresponding to the body
   of FNDECL.  */

void
gimplify_function_tree (tree fndecl)
{
  tree oldfn, parm, ret;
  gimple_seq seq;
  gimple bind;

  gcc_assert (!gimple_body (fndecl));

  oldfn = current_function_decl;
  current_function_decl = fndecl;
  if (DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (fndecl))
    push_cfun (DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (fndecl));
  else
    push_struct_function (fndecl);

  for (parm = DECL_ARGUMENTS (fndecl); parm ; parm = DECL_CHAIN (parm))
    {
      /* Preliminarily mark non-addressed complex variables as eligible
         for promotion to gimple registers.  We'll transform their uses
         as we find them.  */
      if ((TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (parm)) == COMPLEX_TYPE
           || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (parm)) == VECTOR_TYPE)
          && !TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (parm)
          && !needs_to_live_in_memory (parm))
        DECL_GIMPLE_REG_P (parm) = 1;
    }

  ret = DECL_RESULT (fndecl);
  if ((TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (ret)) == COMPLEX_TYPE
       || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (ret)) == VECTOR_TYPE)
      && !needs_to_live_in_memory (ret))
    DECL_GIMPLE_REG_P (ret) = 1;

  bind = gimplify_body (&DECL_SAVED_TREE (fndecl), fndecl, true);

  /* The tree body of the function is no longer needed, replace it
     with the new GIMPLE body.  */
  seq = gimple_seq_alloc ();
  gimple_seq_add_stmt (&seq, bind);
  gimple_set_body (fndecl, seq);

  /* If we're instrumenting function entry/exit, then prepend the call to
     the entry hook and wrap the whole function in a TRY_FINALLY_EXPR to
     catch the exit hook.  */
  /* ??? Add some way to ignore exceptions for this TFE.  */
  if (flag_instrument_function_entry_exit
      && !DECL_NO_INSTRUMENT_FUNCTION_ENTRY_EXIT (fndecl)
      && !flag_instrument_functions_exclude_p (fndecl))
    {
      tree x;
      gimple new_bind;
      gimple tf;
      gimple_seq cleanup = NULL, body = NULL;

      x = implicit_built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PROFILE_FUNC_EXIT];
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&cleanup, gimple_build_call (x, 0));
      tf = gimple_build_try (seq, cleanup, GIMPLE_TRY_FINALLY);

      x = implicit_built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PROFILE_FUNC_ENTER];
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&body, gimple_build_call (x, 0));
      gimplify_seq_add_stmt (&body, tf);
      new_bind = gimple_build_bind (NULL, body, gimple_bind_block (bind));
      /* Clear the block for BIND, since it is no longer directly inside
         the function, but within a try block.  */
      gimple_bind_set_block (bind, NULL);

      /* Replace the current function body with the body
         wrapped in the try/finally TF.  */
      seq = gimple_seq_alloc ();
      gimple_seq_add_stmt (&seq, new_bind);
      gimple_set_body (fndecl, seq);
    }

  DECL_SAVED_TREE (fndecl) = NULL_TREE;
  cfun->curr_properties = PROP_gimple_any;

  current_function_decl = oldfn;
  pop_cfun ();
}


/* Some transformations like inlining may invalidate the GIMPLE form
   for operands.  This function traverses all the operands in STMT and
   gimplifies anything that is not a valid gimple operand.  Any new
   GIMPLE statements are inserted before *GSI_P.  */

void
gimple_regimplify_operands (gimple stmt, gimple_stmt_iterator *gsi_p)
{
  size_t i, num_ops;
  tree orig_lhs = NULL_TREE, lhs, t;
  gimple_seq pre = NULL;
  gimple post_stmt = NULL;
  struct gimplify_ctx gctx;

  push_gimplify_context (&gctx);
  gimplify_ctxp->into_ssa = gimple_in_ssa_p (cfun);

  switch (gimple_code (stmt))
    {
    case GIMPLE_COND:
      gimplify_expr (gimple_cond_lhs_ptr (stmt), &pre, NULL,
                     is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
      gimplify_expr (gimple_cond_rhs_ptr (stmt), &pre, NULL,
                     is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
      break;
    case GIMPLE_SWITCH:
      gimplify_expr (gimple_switch_index_ptr (stmt), &pre, NULL,
                     is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
      break;
    case GIMPLE_OMP_ATOMIC_LOAD:
      gimplify_expr (gimple_omp_atomic_load_rhs_ptr (stmt), &pre, NULL,
                     is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
      break;
    case GIMPLE_ASM:
      {
        size_t i, noutputs = gimple_asm_noutputs (stmt);
        const char *constraint, **oconstraints;
        bool allows_mem, allows_reg, is_inout;

        oconstraints
          = (const char **) alloca ((noutputs) * sizeof (const char *));
        for (i = 0; i < noutputs; i++)
          {
            tree op = gimple_asm_output_op (stmt, i);
            constraint = TREE_STRING_POINTER (TREE_VALUE (TREE_PURPOSE (op)));
            oconstraints[i] = constraint;
            parse_output_constraint (&constraint, i, 0, 0, &allows_mem,
                                     &allows_reg, &is_inout);
            gimplify_expr (&TREE_VALUE (op), &pre, NULL,
                           is_inout ? is_gimple_min_lval : is_gimple_lvalue,
                           fb_lvalue | fb_mayfail);
          }
        for (i = 0; i < gimple_asm_ninputs (stmt); i++)
          {
            tree op = gimple_asm_input_op (stmt, i);
            constraint = TREE_STRING_POINTER (TREE_VALUE (TREE_PURPOSE (op)));
            parse_input_constraint (&constraint, 0, 0, noutputs, 0,
                                    oconstraints, &allows_mem, &allows_reg);
            if (TREE_ADDRESSABLE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_VALUE (op))) && allows_mem)
              allows_reg = 0;
            if (!allows_reg && allows_mem)
              gimplify_expr (&TREE_VALUE (op), &pre, NULL,
                             is_gimple_lvalue, fb_lvalue | fb_mayfail);
            else
              gimplify_expr (&TREE_VALUE (op), &pre, NULL,
                             is_gimple_asm_val, fb_rvalue);
          }
      }
      break;
    default:
      /* NOTE: We start gimplifying operands from last to first to
         make sure that side-effects on the RHS of calls, assignments
         and ASMs are executed before the LHS.  The ordering is not
         important for other statements.  */
      num_ops = gimple_num_ops (stmt);
      orig_lhs = gimple_get_lhs (stmt);
      for (i = num_ops; i > 0; i--)
        {
          tree op = gimple_op (stmt, i - 1);
          if (op == NULL_TREE)
            continue;
          if (i == 1 && (is_gimple_call (stmt) || is_gimple_assign (stmt)))
            gimplify_expr (&op, &pre, NULL, is_gimple_lvalue, fb_lvalue);
          else if (i == 2
                   && is_gimple_assign (stmt)
                   && num_ops == 2
                   && get_gimple_rhs_class (gimple_expr_code (stmt))
                      == GIMPLE_SINGLE_RHS)
            gimplify_expr (&op, &pre, NULL,
                           rhs_predicate_for (gimple_assign_lhs (stmt)),
                           fb_rvalue);
          else if (i == 2 && is_gimple_call (stmt))
            {
              if (TREE_CODE (op) == FUNCTION_DECL)
                continue;
              gimplify_expr (&op, &pre, NULL, is_gimple_call_addr, fb_rvalue);
            }
          else
            gimplify_expr (&op, &pre, NULL, is_gimple_val, fb_rvalue);
          gimple_set_op (stmt, i - 1, op);
        }

      lhs = gimple_get_lhs (stmt);
      /* If the LHS changed it in a way that requires a simple RHS,
         create temporary.  */
      if (lhs && !is_gimple_reg (lhs))
        {
          bool need_temp = false;

          if (is_gimple_assign (stmt)
              && num_ops == 2
              && get_gimple_rhs_class (gimple_expr_code (stmt))
                 == GIMPLE_SINGLE_RHS)
            gimplify_expr (gimple_assign_rhs1_ptr (stmt), &pre, NULL,
                           rhs_predicate_for (gimple_assign_lhs (stmt)),
                           fb_rvalue);
          else if (is_gimple_reg (lhs))
            {
              if (is_gimple_reg_type (TREE_TYPE (lhs)))
                {
                  if (is_gimple_call (stmt))
                    {
                      i = gimple_call_flags (stmt);
                      if ((i & ECF_LOOPING_CONST_OR_PURE)
                          || !(i & (ECF_CONST | ECF_PURE)))
                        need_temp = true;
                    }
                  if (stmt_can_throw_internal (stmt))
                    need_temp = true;
                }
            }
          else
            {
              if (is_gimple_reg_type (TREE_TYPE (lhs)))
                need_temp = true;
              else if (TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (lhs)) != BLKmode)
                {
                  if (is_gimple_call (stmt))
                    {
                      tree fndecl = gimple_call_fndecl (stmt);

                      if (!aggregate_value_p (TREE_TYPE (lhs), fndecl)
                          && !(fndecl && DECL_RESULT (fndecl)
                               && DECL_BY_REFERENCE (DECL_RESULT (fndecl))))
                        need_temp = true;
                    }
                  else
                    need_temp = true;
                }
            }
          if (need_temp)
            {
              tree temp = create_tmp_reg (TREE_TYPE (lhs), NULL);

              if (TREE_CODE (orig_lhs) == SSA_NAME)
                orig_lhs = SSA_NAME_VAR (orig_lhs);

              if (gimple_in_ssa_p (cfun))
                temp = make_ssa_name (temp, NULL);
              gimple_set_lhs (stmt, temp);
              post_stmt = gimple_build_assign (lhs, temp);
              if (TREE_CODE (lhs) == SSA_NAME)
                SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (lhs) = post_stmt;
            }
        }
      break;
    }

  if (gimple_referenced_vars (cfun))
    for (t = gimplify_ctxp->temps; t ; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
      add_referenced_var (t);

  if (!gimple_seq_empty_p (pre))
    {
      if (gimple_in_ssa_p (cfun))
        {
          gimple_stmt_iterator i;

          for (i = gsi_start (pre); !gsi_end_p (i); gsi_next (&i))
            mark_symbols_for_renaming (gsi_stmt (i));
        }
      gsi_insert_seq_before (gsi_p, pre, GSI_SAME_STMT);
    }
  if (post_stmt)
    gsi_insert_after (gsi_p, post_stmt, GSI_NEW_STMT);

  pop_gimplify_context (NULL);
}


/* Expands EXPR to list of gimple statements STMTS.  GIMPLE_TEST_F specifies
   the predicate that will hold for the result.  If VAR is not NULL, make the
   base variable of the final destination be VAR if suitable.  */

tree
force_gimple_operand_1 (tree expr, gimple_seq *stmts,
                        gimple_predicate gimple_test_f, tree var)
{
  tree t;
  enum gimplify_status ret;
  struct gimplify_ctx gctx;

  *stmts = NULL;

  if (is_gimple_val (expr))
    return expr;

  push_gimplify_context (&gctx);
  gimplify_ctxp->into_ssa = gimple_in_ssa_p (cfun);
  gimplify_ctxp->allow_rhs_cond_expr = true;

  if (var)
    expr = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (var), var, expr);

  if (TREE_CODE (expr) != MODIFY_EXPR
      && TREE_TYPE (expr) == void_type_node)
    {
      gimplify_and_add (expr, stmts);
      expr = NULL_TREE;
    }
  else
    {
      ret = gimplify_expr (&expr, stmts, NULL, gimple_test_f, fb_rvalue);
      gcc_assert (ret != GS_ERROR);
    }

  if (gimple_referenced_vars (cfun))
    for (t = gimplify_ctxp->temps; t ; t = DECL_CHAIN (t))
      add_referenced_var (t);

  pop_gimplify_context (NULL);

  return expr;
}

/* Expands EXPR to list of gimple statements STMTS.  If SIMPLE is true,
   force the result to be either ssa_name or an invariant, otherwise
   just force it to be a rhs expression.  If VAR is not NULL, make the
   base variable of the final destination be VAR if suitable.  */

tree
force_gimple_operand (tree expr, gimple_seq *stmts, bool simple, tree var)
{
  return force_gimple_operand_1 (expr, stmts,
                                 simple ? is_gimple_val : is_gimple_reg_rhs,
                                 var);
}

/* Invokes force_gimple_operand_1 for EXPR with parameters GIMPLE_TEST_F
   and VAR.  If some statements are produced, emits them at GSI.
   If BEFORE is true.  the statements are appended before GSI, otherwise
   they are appended after it.  M specifies the way GSI moves after
   insertion (GSI_SAME_STMT or GSI_CONTINUE_LINKING are the usual values).  */

tree
force_gimple_operand_gsi_1 (gimple_stmt_iterator *gsi, tree expr,
                            gimple_predicate gimple_test_f,
                            tree var, bool before,
                            enum gsi_iterator_update m)
{
  gimple_seq stmts;

  expr = force_gimple_operand_1 (expr, &stmts, gimple_test_f, var);

  if (!gimple_seq_empty_p (stmts))
    {
      if (gimple_in_ssa_p (cfun))
        {
          gimple_stmt_iterator i;

          for (i = gsi_start (stmts); !gsi_end_p (i); gsi_next (&i))
            mark_symbols_for_renaming (gsi_stmt (i));
        }

      if (before)
        gsi_insert_seq_before (gsi, stmts, m);
      else
        gsi_insert_seq_after (gsi, stmts, m);
    }

  return expr;
}

/* Invokes force_gimple_operand_1 for EXPR with parameter VAR.
   If SIMPLE is true, force the result to be either ssa_name or an invariant,
   otherwise just force it to be a rhs expression.  If some statements are
   produced, emits them at GSI.  If BEFORE is true, the statements are
   appended before GSI, otherwise they are appended after it.  M specifies
   the way GSI moves after insertion (GSI_SAME_STMT or GSI_CONTINUE_LINKING
   are the usual values).  */

tree
force_gimple_operand_gsi (gimple_stmt_iterator *gsi, tree expr,
                          bool simple_p, tree var, bool before,
                          enum gsi_iterator_update m)
{
  return force_gimple_operand_gsi_1 (gsi, expr,
                                     simple_p
                                     ? is_gimple_val : is_gimple_reg_rhs,
                                     var, before, m);
}


#include "gt-gimplify.h"