1 /* Handle parameterized types (templates) for GNU C++.
2 Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
3 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 Written by Ken Raeburn (raeburn@cygnus.com) while at Watchmaker Computing.
5 Rewritten by Jason Merrill (jason@cygnus.com).
7 This file is part of GNU CC.
9 GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
14 GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
21 the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
22 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
24 /* Known bugs or deficiencies include:
26 all methods must be provided in header files; can't use a source
27 file that contains only the method templates and "just win". */
46 /* The type of functions taking a tree, and some additional data, and
48 typedef int (*tree_fn_t) PARAMS ((tree, void*));
50 extern struct obstack permanent_obstack;
52 /* The PENDING_TEMPLATES is a TREE_LIST of templates whose
53 instantiations have been deferred, either because their definitions
54 were not yet available, or because we were putting off doing the
55 work. The TREE_PURPOSE of each entry is a SRCLOC indicating where
56 the instantiate request occurred; the TREE_VALUE is a either a DECL
57 (for a function or static data member), or a TYPE (for a class)
58 indicating what we are hoping to instantiate. */
59 static tree pending_templates;
60 static tree last_pending_template;
62 int processing_template_parmlist;
63 static int template_header_count;
65 static tree saved_trees;
66 static varray_type inline_parm_levels;
67 static size_t inline_parm_levels_used;
69 static tree current_tinst_level;
71 /* A map from local variable declarations in the body of the template
72 presently being instantiated to the corresponding instantiated
74 static htab_t local_specializations;
76 #define obstack_chunk_alloc xmalloc
77 #define obstack_chunk_free free
79 #define UNIFY_ALLOW_NONE 0
80 #define UNIFY_ALLOW_MORE_CV_QUAL 1
81 #define UNIFY_ALLOW_LESS_CV_QUAL 2
82 #define UNIFY_ALLOW_DERIVED 4
83 #define UNIFY_ALLOW_INTEGER 8
84 #define UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_LEVEL 16
85 #define UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_MORE_CV_QUAL 32
86 #define UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_LESS_CV_QUAL 64
88 #define GTB_VIA_VIRTUAL 1 /* The base class we are examining is
89 virtual, or a base class of a virtual
91 #define GTB_IGNORE_TYPE 2 /* We don't need to try to unify the current
92 type with the desired type. */
94 static int resolve_overloaded_unification PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree, tree,
95 unification_kind_t, int));
96 static int try_one_overload PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree, tree, tree,
97 unification_kind_t, int));
98 static int unify PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree, tree, int));
99 static void add_pending_template PARAMS ((tree));
100 static int push_tinst_level PARAMS ((tree));
101 static void reopen_tinst_level PARAMS ((tree));
102 static tree classtype_mangled_name PARAMS ((tree));
103 static char *mangle_class_name_for_template PARAMS ((const char *, tree, tree));
104 static tree tsubst_initializer_list PARAMS ((tree, tree));
105 static int list_eq PARAMS ((tree, tree));
106 static tree get_class_bindings PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree));
107 static tree coerce_template_parms PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree, int, int));
108 static void tsubst_enum PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree));
109 static tree add_to_template_args PARAMS ((tree, tree));
110 static tree add_outermost_template_args PARAMS ((tree, tree));
111 static int maybe_adjust_types_for_deduction PARAMS ((unification_kind_t, tree*,
113 static int type_unification_real PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree, tree,
114 int, unification_kind_t, int, int));
115 static void note_template_header PARAMS ((int));
116 static tree maybe_fold_nontype_arg PARAMS ((tree));
117 static tree convert_nontype_argument PARAMS ((tree, tree));
118 static tree convert_template_argument PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree, int,
120 static tree get_bindings_overload PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree));
121 static int for_each_template_parm PARAMS ((tree, tree_fn_t, void*));
122 static tree build_template_parm_index PARAMS ((int, int, int, tree, tree));
123 static int inline_needs_template_parms PARAMS ((tree));
124 static void push_inline_template_parms_recursive PARAMS ((tree, int));
125 static tree retrieve_specialization PARAMS ((tree, tree));
126 static tree retrieve_local_specialization PARAMS ((tree));
127 static tree register_specialization PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree));
128 static void register_local_specialization PARAMS ((tree, tree));
129 static int unregister_specialization PARAMS ((tree, tree));
130 static tree reduce_template_parm_level PARAMS ((tree, tree, int));
131 static tree build_template_decl PARAMS ((tree, tree));
132 static int mark_template_parm PARAMS ((tree, void *));
133 static tree tsubst_friend_function PARAMS ((tree, tree));
134 static tree tsubst_friend_class PARAMS ((tree, tree));
135 static tree get_bindings_real PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree, int, int, int));
136 static int template_decl_level PARAMS ((tree));
137 static tree maybe_get_template_decl_from_type_decl PARAMS ((tree));
138 static int check_cv_quals_for_unify PARAMS ((int, tree, tree));
139 static tree tsubst_template_arg_vector PARAMS ((tree, tree, int));
140 static tree tsubst_template_parms PARAMS ((tree, tree, int));
141 static void regenerate_decl_from_template PARAMS ((tree, tree));
142 static tree most_specialized PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree));
143 static tree most_specialized_class PARAMS ((tree, tree));
144 static int template_class_depth_real PARAMS ((tree, int));
145 static tree tsubst_aggr_type PARAMS ((tree, tree, int, tree, int));
146 static tree tsubst_decl PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree));
147 static tree tsubst_arg_types PARAMS ((tree, tree, int, tree));
148 static tree tsubst_function_type PARAMS ((tree, tree, int, tree));
149 static void check_specialization_scope PARAMS ((void));
150 static tree process_partial_specialization PARAMS ((tree));
151 static void set_current_access_from_decl PARAMS ((tree));
152 static void check_default_tmpl_args PARAMS ((tree, tree, int, int));
153 static tree tsubst_call_declarator_parms PARAMS ((tree, tree, int, tree));
154 static tree get_template_base_recursive PARAMS ((tree, tree,
155 tree, tree, tree, int));
156 static tree get_template_base PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree, tree));
157 static int verify_class_unification PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree));
158 static tree try_class_unification PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree, tree));
159 static int coerce_template_template_parms PARAMS ((tree, tree, int,
161 static tree determine_specialization PARAMS ((tree, tree, tree *, int));
162 static int template_args_equal PARAMS ((tree, tree));
163 static void tsubst_default_arguments PARAMS ((tree));
164 static tree for_each_template_parm_r PARAMS ((tree *, int *, void *));
165 static tree instantiate_clone PARAMS ((tree, tree));
166 static tree copy_default_args_to_explicit_spec_1 PARAMS ((tree, tree));
167 static void copy_default_args_to_explicit_spec PARAMS ((tree));
168 static int invalid_nontype_parm_type_p PARAMS ((tree, int));
170 /* Called once to initialize pt.c. */
175 ggc_add_tree_root (&pending_templates, 1);
176 ggc_add_tree_root (&saved_trees, 1);
177 ggc_add_tree_root (¤t_tinst_level, 1);
180 /* Do any processing required when DECL (a member template declaration
181 using TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS as its innermost parameter list) is
182 finished. Returns the TEMPLATE_DECL corresponding to DECL, unless
183 it is a specialization, in which case the DECL itself is returned. */
186 finish_member_template_decl (decl)
189 if (decl == NULL_TREE || decl == void_type_node)
191 else if (decl == error_mark_node)
192 /* By returning NULL_TREE, the parser will just ignore this
193 declaration. We have already issued the error. */
195 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TREE_LIST)
197 /* Assume that the class is the only declspec. */
198 decl = TREE_VALUE (decl);
199 if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (decl) && CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl)
200 && ! CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl))
202 tree tmpl = CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
203 check_member_template (tmpl);
208 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FIELD_DECL)
209 cp_error ("data member `%D' cannot be a member template", decl);
210 else if (DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl))
212 if (!DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl))
214 check_member_template (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl));
215 return DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
221 cp_error ("invalid member template declaration `%D'", decl);
223 return error_mark_node;
226 /* Returns the template nesting level of the indicated class TYPE.
236 A<T>::B<U> has depth two, while A<T> has depth one.
237 Both A<T>::B<int> and A<int>::B<U> have depth one, if
238 COUNT_SPECIALIZATIONS is 0 or if they are instantiations, not
241 This function is guaranteed to return 0 if passed NULL_TREE so
242 that, for example, `template_class_depth (current_class_type)' is
246 template_class_depth_real (type, count_specializations)
248 int count_specializations;
253 type && TREE_CODE (type) != NAMESPACE_DECL;
254 type = (TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_DECL)
255 ? CP_DECL_CONTEXT (type) : TYPE_CONTEXT (type))
257 if (TREE_CODE (type) != FUNCTION_DECL)
259 if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (type)
260 && PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (type))
261 && ((count_specializations
262 && CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (type))
263 || uses_template_parms (CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (type))))
268 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (type)
269 && PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (type))
270 && ((count_specializations
271 && DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (type))
272 || uses_template_parms (DECL_TI_ARGS (type))))
280 /* Returns the template nesting level of the indicated class TYPE.
281 Like template_class_depth_real, but instantiations do not count in
285 template_class_depth (type)
288 return template_class_depth_real (type, /*count_specializations=*/0);
291 /* Returns 1 if processing DECL as part of do_pending_inlines
292 needs us to push template parms. */
295 inline_needs_template_parms (decl)
298 if (! DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl))
301 return (TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (most_general_template (decl)))
302 > (processing_template_decl + DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl)));
305 /* Subroutine of maybe_begin_member_template_processing.
306 Push the template parms in PARMS, starting from LEVELS steps into the
307 chain, and ending at the beginning, since template parms are listed
311 push_inline_template_parms_recursive (parmlist, levels)
315 tree parms = TREE_VALUE (parmlist);
319 push_inline_template_parms_recursive (TREE_CHAIN (parmlist), levels - 1);
321 ++processing_template_decl;
322 current_template_parms
323 = tree_cons (size_int (processing_template_decl),
324 parms, current_template_parms);
325 TEMPLATE_PARMS_FOR_INLINE (current_template_parms) = 1;
328 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parms); ++i)
330 tree parm = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (parms, i));
331 my_friendly_assert (DECL_P (parm), 0);
333 switch (TREE_CODE (parm))
342 /* Make a CONST_DECL as is done in process_template_parm.
343 It is ugly that we recreate this here; the original
344 version built in process_template_parm is no longer
346 tree decl = build_decl (CONST_DECL, DECL_NAME (parm),
348 DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl) = 1;
349 DECL_INITIAL (decl) = DECL_INITIAL (parm);
350 SET_DECL_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (decl);
356 my_friendly_abort (0);
361 /* Restore the template parameter context for a member template or
362 a friend template defined in a class definition. */
365 maybe_begin_member_template_processing (decl)
371 if (inline_needs_template_parms (decl))
373 parms = DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (most_general_template (decl));
374 levels = TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (parms) - processing_template_decl;
376 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl))
379 parms = TREE_CHAIN (parms);
382 push_inline_template_parms_recursive (parms, levels);
385 /* Remember how many levels of template parameters we pushed so that
386 we can pop them later. */
387 if (!inline_parm_levels)
388 VARRAY_INT_INIT (inline_parm_levels, 4, "inline_parm_levels");
389 if (inline_parm_levels_used == inline_parm_levels->num_elements)
390 VARRAY_GROW (inline_parm_levels, 2 * inline_parm_levels_used);
391 VARRAY_INT (inline_parm_levels, inline_parm_levels_used) = levels;
392 ++inline_parm_levels_used;
395 /* Undo the effects of begin_member_template_processing. */
398 maybe_end_member_template_processing ()
402 if (!inline_parm_levels_used)
405 --inline_parm_levels_used;
407 i < VARRAY_INT (inline_parm_levels, inline_parm_levels_used);
410 --processing_template_decl;
411 current_template_parms = TREE_CHAIN (current_template_parms);
416 /* Returns non-zero iff T is a member template function. We must be
419 template <class T> class C { void f(); }
421 Here, f is a template function, and a member, but not a member
422 template. This function does not concern itself with the origin of
423 T, only its present state. So if we have
425 template <class T> class C { template <class U> void f(U); }
427 then neither C<int>::f<char> nor C<T>::f<double> is considered
428 to be a member template. But, `template <class U> void
429 C<int>::f(U)' is considered a member template. */
432 is_member_template (t)
435 if (!DECL_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_P (t))
436 /* Anything that isn't a function or a template function is
437 certainly not a member template. */
440 /* A local class can't have member templates. */
441 if (decl_function_context (t))
444 return (DECL_FUNCTION_MEMBER_P (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (t))
445 /* If there are more levels of template parameters than
446 there are template classes surrounding the declaration,
447 then we have a member template. */
448 && (TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (t)) >
449 template_class_depth (DECL_CONTEXT (t))));
453 /* Returns non-zero iff T is a member template class. See
454 is_member_template for a description of what precisely constitutes
455 a member template. */
458 is_member_template_class (t)
461 if (!DECL_CLASS_TEMPLATE_P (t))
462 /* Anything that isn't a class template, is certainly not a member
466 if (!DECL_CLASS_SCOPE_P (t))
467 /* Anything whose context isn't a class type is surely not a
471 /* If there are more levels of template parameters than there are
472 template classes surrounding the declaration, then we have a
474 return (TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (t)) >
475 template_class_depth (DECL_CONTEXT (t)));
479 /* Return a new template argument vector which contains all of ARGS,
480 but has as its innermost set of arguments the EXTRA_ARGS. */
483 add_to_template_args (args, extra_args)
492 extra_depth = TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (extra_args);
493 new_args = make_tree_vec (TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args) + extra_depth);
495 for (i = 1; i <= TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args); ++i)
496 SET_TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (new_args, i, TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (args, i));
498 for (j = 1; j <= extra_depth; ++j, ++i)
499 SET_TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (new_args, i, TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (extra_args, j));
504 /* Like add_to_template_args, but only the outermost ARGS are added to
505 the EXTRA_ARGS. In particular, all but TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH
506 (EXTRA_ARGS) levels are added. This function is used to combine
507 the template arguments from a partial instantiation with the
508 template arguments used to attain the full instantiation from the
509 partial instantiation. */
512 add_outermost_template_args (args, extra_args)
518 /* If there are more levels of EXTRA_ARGS than there are ARGS,
519 something very fishy is going on. */
520 my_friendly_assert (TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args) >= TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (extra_args),
523 /* If *all* the new arguments will be the EXTRA_ARGS, just return
525 if (TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args) == TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (extra_args))
528 /* For the moment, we make ARGS look like it contains fewer levels. */
529 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (args) -= TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (extra_args);
531 new_args = add_to_template_args (args, extra_args);
533 /* Now, we restore ARGS to its full dimensions. */
534 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (args) += TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (extra_args);
539 /* Return the N levels of innermost template arguments from the ARGS. */
542 get_innermost_template_args (args, n)
550 my_friendly_assert (n >= 0, 20000603);
552 /* If N is 1, just return the innermost set of template arguments. */
554 return TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (args, TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args));
556 /* If we're not removing anything, just return the arguments we were
558 extra_levels = TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args) - n;
559 my_friendly_assert (extra_levels >= 0, 20000603);
560 if (extra_levels == 0)
563 /* Make a new set of arguments, not containing the outer arguments. */
564 new_args = make_tree_vec (n);
565 for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
566 SET_TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (new_args, i,
567 TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (args, i + extra_levels));
572 /* We've got a template header coming up; push to a new level for storing
576 begin_template_parm_list ()
578 /* We use a non-tag-transparent scope here, which causes pushtag to
579 put tags in this scope, rather than in the enclosing class or
580 namespace scope. This is the right thing, since we want
581 TEMPLATE_DECLS, and not TYPE_DECLS for template classes. For a
582 global template class, push_template_decl handles putting the
583 TEMPLATE_DECL into top-level scope. For a nested template class,
586 template <class T> struct S1 {
587 template <class T> struct S2 {};
590 pushtag contains special code to call pushdecl_with_scope on the
591 TEMPLATE_DECL for S2. */
592 begin_scope (sk_template_parms);
593 ++processing_template_decl;
594 ++processing_template_parmlist;
595 note_template_header (0);
598 /* This routine is called when a specialization is declared. If it is
599 illegal to declare a specialization here, an error is reported. */
602 check_specialization_scope ()
604 tree scope = current_scope ();
608 An explicit specialization shall be declared in the namespace of
609 which the template is a member, or, for member templates, in the
610 namespace of which the enclosing class or enclosing class
611 template is a member. An explicit specialization of a member
612 function, member class or static data member of a class template
613 shall be declared in the namespace of which the class template
615 if (scope && TREE_CODE (scope) != NAMESPACE_DECL)
616 cp_error ("explicit specialization in non-namespace scope `%D'",
621 In an explicit specialization declaration for a member of a class
622 template or a member template that appears in namespace scope,
623 the member template and some of its enclosing class templates may
624 remain unspecialized, except that the declaration shall not
625 explicitly specialize a class member template if its enclosing
626 class templates are not explicitly specialized as well. */
627 if (current_template_parms)
628 cp_error ("enclosing class templates are not explicitly specialized");
631 /* We've just seen template <>. */
634 begin_specialization ()
636 begin_scope (sk_template_spec);
637 note_template_header (1);
638 check_specialization_scope ();
641 /* Called at then end of processing a declaration preceded by
645 end_specialization ()
648 reset_specialization ();
651 /* Any template <>'s that we have seen thus far are not referring to a
652 function specialization. */
655 reset_specialization ()
657 processing_specialization = 0;
658 template_header_count = 0;
661 /* We've just seen a template header. If SPECIALIZATION is non-zero,
662 it was of the form template <>. */
665 note_template_header (specialization)
668 processing_specialization = specialization;
669 template_header_count++;
672 /* We're beginning an explicit instantiation. */
675 begin_explicit_instantiation ()
677 ++processing_explicit_instantiation;
682 end_explicit_instantiation ()
684 my_friendly_assert(processing_explicit_instantiation > 0, 0);
685 --processing_explicit_instantiation;
688 /* The TYPE is being declared. If it is a template type, that means it
689 is a partial specialization. Do appropriate error-checking. */
692 maybe_process_partial_specialization (type)
695 if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (type) && CLASSTYPE_USE_TEMPLATE (type))
697 if (CLASSTYPE_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (type)
698 && !COMPLETE_TYPE_P (type))
700 if (current_namespace
701 != decl_namespace_context (CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (type)))
703 cp_pedwarn ("specializing `%#T' in different namespace", type);
704 cp_pedwarn_at (" from definition of `%#D'",
705 CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (type));
707 SET_CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (type);
708 if (processing_template_decl)
709 push_template_decl (TYPE_MAIN_DECL (type));
711 else if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (type))
712 cp_error ("specialization of `%T' after instantiation", type);
714 else if (processing_specialization)
715 cp_error ("explicit specialization of non-template `%T'", type);
718 /* Retrieve the specialization (in the sense of [temp.spec] - a
719 specialization is either an instantiation or an explicit
720 specialization) of TMPL for the given template ARGS. If there is
721 no such specialization, return NULL_TREE. The ARGS are a vector of
722 arguments, or a vector of vectors of arguments, in the case of
723 templates with more than one level of parameters. */
726 retrieve_specialization (tmpl, args)
732 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (tmpl) == TEMPLATE_DECL, 0);
734 /* There should be as many levels of arguments as there are
735 levels of parameters. */
736 my_friendly_assert (TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args)
737 == TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl)),
740 for (s = DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (tmpl);
743 if (comp_template_args (TREE_PURPOSE (s), args))
744 return TREE_VALUE (s);
749 /* Like retrieve_specialization, but for local declarations. */
752 retrieve_local_specialization (tmpl)
755 return (tree) htab_find (local_specializations, tmpl);
758 /* Returns non-zero iff DECL is a specialization of TMPL. */
761 is_specialization_of (decl, tmpl)
767 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL)
771 t = DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (t) ? DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (t) : NULL_TREE)
777 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL, 0);
779 for (t = TREE_TYPE (decl);
781 t = CLASSTYPE_USE_TEMPLATE (t)
782 ? TREE_TYPE (CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (t)) : NULL_TREE)
783 if (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (t, TREE_TYPE (tmpl)))
790 /* Register the specialization SPEC as a specialization of TMPL with
791 the indicated ARGS. Returns SPEC, or an equivalent prior
792 declaration, if available. */
795 register_specialization (spec, tmpl, args)
802 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (tmpl) == TEMPLATE_DECL, 0);
804 if (TREE_CODE (spec) == FUNCTION_DECL
805 && uses_template_parms (DECL_TI_ARGS (spec)))
806 /* This is the FUNCTION_DECL for a partial instantiation. Don't
807 register it; we want the corresponding TEMPLATE_DECL instead.
808 We use `uses_template_parms (DECL_TI_ARGS (spec))' rather than
809 the more obvious `uses_template_parms (spec)' to avoid problems
810 with default function arguments. In particular, given
813 template <class T> void f(T t1, T t = T())
815 the default argument expression is not substituted for in an
816 instantiation unless and until it is actually needed. */
819 /* There should be as many levels of arguments as there are
820 levels of parameters. */
821 my_friendly_assert (TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args)
822 == TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl)),
825 for (s = DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (tmpl);
829 tree fn = TREE_VALUE (s);
831 /* We can sometimes try to re-register a specialization that we've
832 already got. In particular, regenerate_decl_from_template
833 calls duplicate_decls which will update the specialization
834 list. But, we'll still get called again here anyhow. It's
835 more convenient to simply allow this than to try to prevent it. */
838 else if (comp_template_args (TREE_PURPOSE (s), args))
840 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (spec))
842 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (fn))
845 || DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (fn))
847 cp_error ("specialization of %D after instantiation",
853 /* This situation should occur only if the first
854 specialization is an implicit instantiation,
855 the second is an explicit specialization, and
856 the implicit instantiation has not yet been
857 used. That situation can occur if we have
858 implicitly instantiated a member function and
859 then specialized it later.
861 We can also wind up here if a friend
862 declaration that looked like an instantiation
863 turns out to be a specialization:
865 template <class T> void foo(T);
866 class S { friend void foo<>(int) };
867 template <> void foo(int);
869 We transform the existing DECL in place so that
870 any pointers to it become pointers to the
873 If there was a definition for the template, but
874 not for the specialization, we want this to
875 look as if there is no definition, and vice
877 DECL_INITIAL (fn) = NULL_TREE;
878 duplicate_decls (spec, fn);
883 else if (DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (fn))
885 duplicate_decls (spec, fn);
892 DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (tmpl)
893 = tree_cons (args, spec, DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (tmpl));
898 /* Unregister the specialization SPEC as a specialization of TMPL.
899 Returns nonzero if the SPEC was listed as a specialization of
903 unregister_specialization (spec, tmpl)
909 for (s = &DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (tmpl);
911 s = &TREE_CHAIN (*s))
912 if (TREE_VALUE (*s) == spec)
914 *s = TREE_CHAIN (*s);
921 /* Like register_specialization, but for local declarations. We are
922 registering SPEC, an instantiation of TMPL. */
925 register_local_specialization (spec, tmpl)
931 slot = htab_find_slot (local_specializations, tmpl, INSERT);
935 /* Print the list of candidate FNS in an error message. */
938 print_candidates (fns)
943 const char *str = "candidates are:";
945 for (fn = fns; fn != NULL_TREE; fn = TREE_CHAIN (fn))
949 for (f = TREE_VALUE (fn); f; f = OVL_NEXT (f))
950 cp_error_at ("%s %+#D", str, OVL_CURRENT (f));
955 /* Returns the template (one of the functions given by TEMPLATE_ID)
956 which can be specialized to match the indicated DECL with the
957 explicit template args given in TEMPLATE_ID. The DECL may be
958 NULL_TREE if none is available. In that case, the functions in
959 TEMPLATE_ID are non-members.
961 If NEED_MEMBER_TEMPLATE is non-zero the function is known to be a
962 specialization of a member template.
964 The template args (those explicitly specified and those deduced)
965 are output in a newly created vector *TARGS_OUT.
967 If it is impossible to determine the result, an error message is
968 issued. The error_mark_node is returned to indicate failure. */
971 determine_specialization (template_id, decl, targs_out,
972 need_member_template)
976 int need_member_template;
981 tree candidates = NULL_TREE;
982 tree templates = NULL_TREE;
984 *targs_out = NULL_TREE;
986 if (template_id == error_mark_node)
987 return error_mark_node;
989 fns = TREE_OPERAND (template_id, 0);
990 explicit_targs = TREE_OPERAND (template_id, 1);
992 if (fns == error_mark_node)
993 return error_mark_node;
995 /* Check for baselinks. */
996 if (BASELINK_P (fns))
997 fns = TREE_VALUE (fns);
999 if (!is_overloaded_fn (fns))
1001 cp_error ("`%D' is not a function template", fns);
1002 return error_mark_node;
1005 for (; fns; fns = OVL_NEXT (fns))
1009 tree fn = OVL_CURRENT (fns);
1011 if (TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
1012 /* DECL might be a specialization of FN. */
1014 else if (need_member_template)
1015 /* FN is an ordinary member function, and we need a
1016 specialization of a member template. */
1018 else if (TREE_CODE (fn) != FUNCTION_DECL)
1019 /* We can get IDENTIFIER_NODEs here in certain erroneous
1022 else if (!DECL_FUNCTION_MEMBER_P (fn))
1023 /* This is just an ordinary non-member function. Nothing can
1024 be a specialization of that. */
1026 else if (DECL_ARTIFICIAL (fn))
1027 /* Cannot specialize functions that are created implicitly. */
1031 tree decl_arg_types;
1033 /* This is an ordinary member function. However, since
1034 we're here, we can assume it's enclosing class is a
1035 template class. For example,
1037 template <typename T> struct S { void f(); };
1038 template <> void S<int>::f() {}
1040 Here, S<int>::f is a non-template, but S<int> is a
1041 template class. If FN has the same type as DECL, we
1042 might be in business. */
1043 if (!same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (decl)),
1044 TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (fn))))
1045 /* The return types differ. */
1048 /* Adjust the type of DECL in case FN is a static member. */
1049 decl_arg_types = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (decl));
1050 if (DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (fn)
1051 && DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (decl))
1052 decl_arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (decl_arg_types);
1054 if (compparms (TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fn)),
1057 candidates = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, fn, candidates);
1062 /* See whether this function might be a specialization of this
1064 targs = get_bindings (tmpl, decl, explicit_targs);
1067 /* We cannot deduce template arguments that when used to
1068 specialize TMPL will produce DECL. */
1071 /* Save this template, and the arguments deduced. */
1072 templates = tree_cons (targs, tmpl, templates);
1075 if (templates && TREE_CHAIN (templates))
1081 It is possible for a specialization with a given function
1082 signature to be instantiated from more than one function
1083 template. In such cases, explicit specification of the
1084 template arguments must be used to uniquely identify the
1085 function template specialization being specialized.
1087 Note that here, there's no suggestion that we're supposed to
1088 determine which of the candidate templates is most
1089 specialized. However, we, also have:
1093 Partial ordering of overloaded function template
1094 declarations is used in the following contexts to select
1095 the function template to which a function template
1096 specialization refers:
1098 -- when an explicit specialization refers to a function
1101 So, we do use the partial ordering rules, at least for now.
1102 This extension can only serve to make illegal programs legal,
1103 so it's safe. And, there is strong anecdotal evidence that
1104 the committee intended the partial ordering rules to apply;
1105 the EDG front-end has that behavior, and John Spicer claims
1106 that the committee simply forgot to delete the wording in
1107 [temp.expl.spec]. */
1108 tree tmpl = most_specialized (templates, decl, explicit_targs);
1109 if (tmpl && tmpl != error_mark_node)
1111 targs = get_bindings (tmpl, decl, explicit_targs);
1112 templates = tree_cons (targs, tmpl, NULL_TREE);
1116 if (templates == NULL_TREE && candidates == NULL_TREE)
1118 cp_error_at ("template-id `%D' for `%+D' does not match any template declaration",
1120 return error_mark_node;
1122 else if ((templates && TREE_CHAIN (templates))
1123 || (candidates && TREE_CHAIN (candidates))
1124 || (templates && candidates))
1126 cp_error_at ("ambiguous template specialization `%D' for `%+D'",
1128 chainon (candidates, templates);
1129 print_candidates (candidates);
1130 return error_mark_node;
1133 /* We have one, and exactly one, match. */
1136 /* It was a specialization of an ordinary member function in a
1138 *targs_out = copy_node (DECL_TI_ARGS (TREE_VALUE (candidates)));
1139 return DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (TREE_VALUE (candidates));
1142 /* It was a specialization of a template. */
1143 targs = DECL_TI_ARGS (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (TREE_VALUE (templates)));
1144 if (TMPL_ARGS_HAVE_MULTIPLE_LEVELS (targs))
1146 *targs_out = copy_node (targs);
1147 SET_TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (*targs_out,
1148 TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (*targs_out),
1149 TREE_PURPOSE (templates));
1152 *targs_out = TREE_PURPOSE (templates);
1153 return TREE_VALUE (templates);
1156 /* Returns a chain of parameter types, exactly like the SPEC_TYPES,
1157 but with the default argument values filled in from those in the
1161 copy_default_args_to_explicit_spec_1 (spec_types,
1166 tree new_spec_types;
1171 if (spec_types == void_list_node)
1172 return void_list_node;
1174 /* Substitute into the rest of the list. */
1176 copy_default_args_to_explicit_spec_1 (TREE_CHAIN (spec_types),
1177 TREE_CHAIN (tmpl_types));
1179 /* Add the default argument for this parameter. */
1180 return hash_tree_cons (TREE_PURPOSE (tmpl_types),
1181 TREE_VALUE (spec_types),
1185 /* DECL is an explicit specialization. Replicate default arguments
1186 from the template it specializes. (That way, code like:
1188 template <class T> void f(T = 3);
1189 template <> void f(double);
1192 works, as required.) An alternative approach would be to look up
1193 the correct default arguments at the call-site, but this approach
1194 is consistent with how implicit instantiations are handled. */
1197 copy_default_args_to_explicit_spec (decl)
1203 tree new_spec_types;
1207 tree object_type = NULL_TREE;
1208 tree in_charge = NULL_TREE;
1209 tree vtt = NULL_TREE;
1211 /* See if there's anything we need to do. */
1212 tmpl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
1213 tmpl_types = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (tmpl)));
1214 for (t = tmpl_types; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
1215 if (TREE_PURPOSE (t))
1220 old_type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
1221 spec_types = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (old_type);
1223 if (DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (decl))
1225 /* Remove the this pointer, but remember the object's type for
1227 object_type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_VALUE (spec_types));
1228 spec_types = TREE_CHAIN (spec_types);
1229 tmpl_types = TREE_CHAIN (tmpl_types);
1231 if (DECL_HAS_IN_CHARGE_PARM_P (decl))
1233 /* DECL may contain more parameters than TMPL due to the extra
1234 in-charge parameter in constructors and destructors. */
1235 in_charge = spec_types;
1236 spec_types = TREE_CHAIN (spec_types);
1238 if (DECL_HAS_VTT_PARM_P (decl))
1241 spec_types = TREE_CHAIN (spec_types);
1245 /* Compute the merged default arguments. */
1247 copy_default_args_to_explicit_spec_1 (spec_types, tmpl_types);
1249 /* Compute the new FUNCTION_TYPE. */
1253 new_spec_types = hash_tree_cons (TREE_PURPOSE (vtt),
1258 /* Put the in-charge parameter back. */
1259 new_spec_types = hash_tree_cons (TREE_PURPOSE (in_charge),
1260 TREE_VALUE (in_charge),
1263 new_type = build_cplus_method_type (object_type,
1264 TREE_TYPE (old_type),
1268 new_type = build_function_type (TREE_TYPE (old_type),
1270 new_type = build_type_attribute_variant (new_type,
1271 TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (old_type));
1272 new_type = build_exception_variant (new_type,
1273 TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (old_type));
1274 TREE_TYPE (decl) = new_type;
1277 /* Check to see if the function just declared, as indicated in
1278 DECLARATOR, and in DECL, is a specialization of a function
1279 template. We may also discover that the declaration is an explicit
1280 instantiation at this point.
1282 Returns DECL, or an equivalent declaration that should be used
1283 instead if all goes well. Issues an error message if something is
1284 amiss. Returns error_mark_node if the error is not easily
1287 FLAGS is a bitmask consisting of the following flags:
1289 2: The function has a definition.
1290 4: The function is a friend.
1292 The TEMPLATE_COUNT is the number of references to qualifying
1293 template classes that appeared in the name of the function. For
1296 template <class T> struct S { void f(); };
1299 the TEMPLATE_COUNT would be 1. However, explicitly specialized
1300 classes are not counted in the TEMPLATE_COUNT, so that in
1302 template <class T> struct S {};
1303 template <> struct S<int> { void f(); }
1304 template <> void S<int>::f();
1306 the TEMPLATE_COUNT would be 0. (Note that this declaration is
1307 illegal; there should be no template <>.)
1309 If the function is a specialization, it is marked as such via
1310 DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION. Furthermore, its DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO
1311 is set up correctly, and it is added to the list of specializations
1312 for that template. */
1315 check_explicit_specialization (declarator, decl, template_count, flags)
1321 int have_def = flags & 2;
1322 int is_friend = flags & 4;
1323 int specialization = 0;
1324 int explicit_instantiation = 0;
1325 int member_specialization = 0;
1326 tree ctype = DECL_CLASS_CONTEXT (decl);
1327 tree dname = DECL_NAME (decl);
1330 tsk = current_tmpl_spec_kind (template_count);
1335 if (processing_specialization)
1338 SET_DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl);
1340 else if (TREE_CODE (declarator) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
1343 /* This could be something like:
1345 template <class T> void f(T);
1346 class S { friend void f<>(int); } */
1350 /* This case handles bogus declarations like template <>
1351 template <class T> void f<int>(); */
1353 cp_error ("template-id `%D' in declaration of primary template",
1360 case tsk_invalid_member_spec:
1361 /* The error has already been reported in
1362 check_specialization_scope. */
1363 return error_mark_node;
1365 case tsk_invalid_expl_inst:
1366 cp_error ("template parameter list used in explicit instantiation");
1372 cp_error ("definition provided for explicit instantiation");
1374 explicit_instantiation = 1;
1377 case tsk_excessive_parms:
1378 cp_error ("too many template parameter lists in declaration of `%D'",
1380 return error_mark_node;
1384 SET_DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl);
1386 member_specialization = 1;
1391 case tsk_insufficient_parms:
1392 if (template_header_count)
1394 cp_error("too few template parameter lists in declaration of `%D'",
1398 else if (ctype != NULL_TREE
1399 && !TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (ctype)
1400 && CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (ctype)
1403 /* For backwards compatibility, we accept:
1405 template <class T> struct S { void f(); };
1406 void S<int>::f() {} // Missing template <>
1408 That used to be legal C++. */
1411 ("explicit specialization not preceded by `template <>'");
1413 SET_DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl);
1418 if (TREE_CODE (declarator) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
1420 /* This case handles bogus declarations like template <>
1421 template <class T> void f<int>(); */
1423 if (uses_template_parms (declarator))
1424 cp_error ("partial specialization `%D' of function template",
1427 cp_error ("template-id `%D' in declaration of primary template",
1432 if (ctype && CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (ctype))
1433 /* This is a specialization of a member template, without
1434 specialization the containing class. Something like:
1436 template <class T> struct S {
1437 template <class U> void f (U);
1439 template <> template <class U> void S<int>::f(U) {}
1441 That's a specialization -- but of the entire template. */
1446 my_friendly_abort (20000309);
1449 if (specialization || member_specialization)
1451 tree t = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (decl));
1452 for (; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
1453 if (TREE_PURPOSE (t))
1456 ("default argument specified in explicit specialization");
1459 if (current_lang_name == lang_name_c)
1460 cp_error ("template specialization with C linkage");
1463 if (specialization || member_specialization || explicit_instantiation)
1465 tree tmpl = NULL_TREE;
1466 tree targs = NULL_TREE;
1468 /* Make sure that the declarator is a TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR. */
1469 if (TREE_CODE (declarator) != TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
1473 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (declarator) == IDENTIFIER_NODE,
1476 fns = IDENTIFIER_NAMESPACE_VALUE (dname);
1481 lookup_template_function (fns, NULL_TREE);
1484 if (declarator == error_mark_node)
1485 return error_mark_node;
1487 if (ctype != NULL_TREE && TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (ctype))
1489 if (!explicit_instantiation)
1490 /* A specialization in class scope. This is illegal,
1491 but the error will already have been flagged by
1492 check_specialization_scope. */
1493 return error_mark_node;
1496 /* It's not legal to write an explicit instantiation in
1499 class C { template void f(); }
1501 This case is caught by the parser. However, on
1504 template class C { void f(); };
1506 (which is illegal) we can get here. The error will be
1513 else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (declarator, 0)) == LOOKUP_EXPR)
1515 /* A friend declaration. We can't do much, because we don't
1516 know what this resolves to, yet. */
1517 my_friendly_assert (is_friend != 0, 0);
1518 my_friendly_assert (!explicit_instantiation, 0);
1519 SET_DECL_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (decl);
1522 else if (ctype != NULL_TREE
1523 && (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (declarator, 0)) ==
1526 /* Find the list of functions in ctype that have the same
1527 name as the declared function. */
1528 tree name = TREE_OPERAND (declarator, 0);
1529 tree fns = NULL_TREE;
1532 if (name == constructor_name (ctype)
1533 || name == constructor_name_full (ctype))
1535 int is_constructor = DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (decl);
1537 if (is_constructor ? !TYPE_HAS_CONSTRUCTOR (ctype)
1538 : !TYPE_HAS_DESTRUCTOR (ctype))
1540 /* From [temp.expl.spec]:
1542 If such an explicit specialization for the member
1543 of a class template names an implicitly-declared
1544 special member function (clause _special_), the
1545 program is ill-formed.
1547 Similar language is found in [temp.explicit]. */
1548 cp_error ("specialization of implicitly-declared special member function");
1549 return error_mark_node;
1552 name = is_constructor ? ctor_identifier : dtor_identifier;
1555 if (!DECL_CONV_FN_P (decl))
1557 idx = lookup_fnfields_1 (ctype, name);
1559 fns = TREE_VEC_ELT (CLASSTYPE_METHOD_VEC (ctype), idx);
1565 /* For a type-conversion operator, we cannot do a
1566 name-based lookup. We might be looking for `operator
1567 int' which will be a specialization of `operator T'.
1568 So, we find *all* the conversion operators, and then
1569 select from them. */
1572 methods = CLASSTYPE_METHOD_VEC (ctype);
1574 for (idx = 2; idx < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (methods); ++idx)
1576 tree ovl = TREE_VEC_ELT (methods, idx);
1578 if (!ovl || !DECL_CONV_FN_P (OVL_CURRENT (ovl)))
1579 /* There are no more conversion functions. */
1582 /* Glue all these conversion functions together
1583 with those we already have. */
1584 for (; ovl; ovl = OVL_NEXT (ovl))
1585 fns = ovl_cons (OVL_CURRENT (ovl), fns);
1589 if (fns == NULL_TREE)
1591 cp_error ("no member function `%D' declared in `%T'",
1593 return error_mark_node;
1596 TREE_OPERAND (declarator, 0) = fns;
1599 /* Figure out what exactly is being specialized at this point.
1600 Note that for an explicit instantiation, even one for a
1601 member function, we cannot tell apriori whether the
1602 instantiation is for a member template, or just a member
1603 function of a template class. Even if a member template is
1604 being instantiated, the member template arguments may be
1605 elided if they can be deduced from the rest of the
1607 tmpl = determine_specialization (declarator, decl,
1609 member_specialization);
1611 if (!tmpl || tmpl == error_mark_node)
1612 /* We couldn't figure out what this declaration was
1614 return error_mark_node;
1617 tree gen_tmpl = most_general_template (tmpl);
1619 if (explicit_instantiation)
1621 /* We don't set DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION here; that
1622 is done by do_decl_instantiation later. */
1624 int arg_depth = TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (targs);
1625 int parm_depth = TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl));
1627 if (arg_depth > parm_depth)
1629 /* If TMPL is not the most general template (for
1630 example, if TMPL is a friend template that is
1631 injected into namespace scope), then there will
1632 be too many levels of TARGS. Remove some of them
1637 new_targs = make_tree_vec (parm_depth);
1638 for (i = arg_depth - parm_depth; i < arg_depth; ++i)
1639 TREE_VEC_ELT (new_targs, i - (arg_depth - parm_depth))
1640 = TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, i);
1644 return instantiate_template (tmpl, targs);
1647 /* If this is a specialization of a member template of a
1648 template class. In we want to return the TEMPLATE_DECL,
1649 not the specialization of it. */
1650 if (tsk == tsk_template)
1652 SET_DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (tmpl);
1653 DECL_INITIAL (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (tmpl)) = NULL_TREE;
1657 /* If we thought that the DECL was a member function, but it
1658 turns out to be specializing a static member function,
1659 make DECL a static member function as well. */
1660 if (DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (tmpl)
1661 && DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (decl))
1663 revert_static_member_fn (decl);
1664 last_function_parms = TREE_CHAIN (last_function_parms);
1667 /* Set up the DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO for DECL. */
1668 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl) = tree_cons (tmpl, targs, NULL_TREE);
1670 /* Inherit default function arguments from the template
1671 DECL is specializing. */
1672 copy_default_args_to_explicit_spec (decl);
1674 /* This specialization has the same protection as the
1675 template it specializes. */
1676 TREE_PRIVATE (decl) = TREE_PRIVATE (gen_tmpl);
1677 TREE_PROTECTED (decl) = TREE_PROTECTED (gen_tmpl);
1679 if (is_friend && !have_def)
1680 /* This is not really a declaration of a specialization.
1681 It's just the name of an instantiation. But, it's not
1682 a request for an instantiation, either. */
1683 SET_DECL_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (decl);
1684 else if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (decl) || DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (decl))
1685 /* This is indeed a specialization. In case of constructors
1686 and destructors, we need in-charge and not-in-charge
1687 versions in V3 ABI. */
1688 clone_function_decl (decl, /*update_method_vec_p=*/0);
1690 /* Register this specialization so that we can find it
1692 decl = register_specialization (decl, gen_tmpl, targs);
1699 /* TYPE is being declared. Verify that the use of template headers
1700 and such is reasonable. Issue error messages if not. */
1703 maybe_check_template_type (type)
1706 if (template_header_count)
1708 /* We are in the scope of some `template <...>' header. */
1711 = template_class_depth_real (TYPE_CONTEXT (type),
1712 /*count_specializations=*/1);
1714 if (template_header_count <= context_depth)
1715 /* This is OK; the template headers are for the context. We
1716 are actually too lenient here; like
1717 check_explicit_specialization we should consider the number
1718 of template types included in the actual declaration. For
1721 template <class T> struct S {
1722 template <class U> template <class V>
1728 template <class T> struct S {
1729 template <class U> struct I;
1732 template <class T> template <class U.
1737 else if (template_header_count > context_depth + 1)
1738 /* There are two many template parameter lists. */
1739 cp_error ("too many template parameter lists in declaration of `%T'", type);
1743 /* Returns 1 iff PARMS1 and PARMS2 are identical sets of template
1744 parameters. These are represented in the same format used for
1745 DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS. */
1747 int comp_template_parms (parms1, parms2)
1754 if (parms1 == parms2)
1757 for (p1 = parms1, p2 = parms2;
1758 p1 != NULL_TREE && p2 != NULL_TREE;
1759 p1 = TREE_CHAIN (p1), p2 = TREE_CHAIN (p2))
1761 tree t1 = TREE_VALUE (p1);
1762 tree t2 = TREE_VALUE (p2);
1765 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (t1) == TREE_VEC, 0);
1766 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (t2) == TREE_VEC, 0);
1768 if (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (t1) != TREE_VEC_LENGTH (t2))
1771 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (t2); ++i)
1773 tree parm1 = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (t1, i));
1774 tree parm2 = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (t2, i));
1776 if (TREE_CODE (parm1) != TREE_CODE (parm2))
1779 if (TREE_CODE (parm1) == TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM)
1781 else if (!same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (parm1), TREE_TYPE (parm2)))
1786 if ((p1 != NULL_TREE) != (p2 != NULL_TREE))
1787 /* One set of parameters has more parameters lists than the
1794 /* Complain if DECL shadows a template parameter.
1796 [temp.local]: A template-parameter shall not be redeclared within its
1797 scope (including nested scopes). */
1800 check_template_shadow (decl)
1805 /* If we're not in a template, we can't possibly shadow a template
1807 if (!current_template_parms)
1810 /* Figure out what we're shadowing. */
1811 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == OVERLOAD)
1812 decl = OVL_CURRENT (decl);
1813 olddecl = IDENTIFIER_VALUE (DECL_NAME (decl));
1815 /* If there's no previous binding for this name, we're not shadowing
1816 anything, let alone a template parameter. */
1820 /* If we're not shadowing a template parameter, we're done. Note
1821 that OLDDECL might be an OVERLOAD (or perhaps even an
1822 ERROR_MARK), so we can't just blithely assume it to be a _DECL
1824 if (!DECL_P (olddecl) || !DECL_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (olddecl))
1827 /* We check for decl != olddecl to avoid bogus errors for using a
1828 name inside a class. We check TPFI to avoid duplicate errors for
1829 inline member templates. */
1831 || TEMPLATE_PARMS_FOR_INLINE (current_template_parms))
1834 cp_error_at ("declaration of `%#D'", decl);
1835 cp_error_at (" shadows template parm `%#D'", olddecl);
1838 /* Return a new TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX with the indicated INDEX, LEVEL,
1839 ORIG_LEVEL, DECL, and TYPE. */
1842 build_template_parm_index (index, level, orig_level, decl, type)
1849 tree t = make_node (TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX);
1850 TEMPLATE_PARM_IDX (t) = index;
1851 TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL (t) = level;
1852 TEMPLATE_PARM_ORIG_LEVEL (t) = orig_level;
1853 TEMPLATE_PARM_DECL (t) = decl;
1854 TREE_TYPE (t) = type;
1859 /* Return a TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX, similar to INDEX, but whose
1860 TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL has been decreased by LEVELS. If such a
1861 TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX already exists, it is returned; otherwise, a
1862 new one is created. */
1865 reduce_template_parm_level (index, type, levels)
1870 if (TEMPLATE_PARM_DESCENDANTS (index) == NULL_TREE
1871 || (TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL (TEMPLATE_PARM_DESCENDANTS (index))
1872 != TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL (index) - levels))
1875 = build_decl (TREE_CODE (TEMPLATE_PARM_DECL (index)),
1876 DECL_NAME (TEMPLATE_PARM_DECL (index)),
1879 = build_template_parm_index (TEMPLATE_PARM_IDX (index),
1880 TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL (index) - levels,
1881 TEMPLATE_PARM_ORIG_LEVEL (index),
1883 TEMPLATE_PARM_DESCENDANTS (index) = t;
1885 DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl) = 1;
1886 SET_DECL_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (decl);
1888 /* Template template parameters need this. */
1889 DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (decl)
1890 = DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (TEMPLATE_PARM_DECL (index));
1893 return TEMPLATE_PARM_DESCENDANTS (index);
1896 /* Process information from new template parameter NEXT and append it to the
1897 LIST being built. */
1900 process_template_parm (list, next)
1909 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (parm) == TREE_LIST, 259);
1910 defval = TREE_PURPOSE (parm);
1911 parm = TREE_VALUE (parm);
1912 is_type = TREE_PURPOSE (parm) == class_type_node;
1916 tree p = TREE_VALUE (tree_last (list));
1918 if (TREE_CODE (p) == TYPE_DECL || TREE_CODE (p) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
1919 idx = TEMPLATE_TYPE_IDX (TREE_TYPE (p));
1921 idx = TEMPLATE_PARM_IDX (DECL_INITIAL (p));
1929 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (TREE_PURPOSE (parm)) == TREE_LIST, 260);
1930 /* is a const-param */
1931 parm = grokdeclarator (TREE_VALUE (parm), TREE_PURPOSE (parm),
1932 PARM, 0, NULL_TREE);
1936 The top-level cv-qualifiers on the template-parameter are
1937 ignored when determining its type. */
1938 TREE_TYPE (parm) = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (parm));
1940 /* A template parameter is not modifiable. */
1941 TREE_READONLY (parm) = 1;
1942 if (invalid_nontype_parm_type_p (TREE_TYPE (parm), 1))
1943 TREE_TYPE (parm) = void_type_node;
1944 decl = build_decl (CONST_DECL, DECL_NAME (parm), TREE_TYPE (parm));
1945 DECL_INITIAL (parm) = DECL_INITIAL (decl)
1946 = build_template_parm_index (idx, processing_template_decl,
1947 processing_template_decl,
1948 decl, TREE_TYPE (parm));
1953 parm = TREE_VALUE (parm);
1955 if (parm && TREE_CODE (parm) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
1957 t = make_aggr_type (TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM);
1958 /* This is for distinguishing between real templates and template
1959 template parameters */
1960 TREE_TYPE (parm) = t;
1961 TREE_TYPE (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (parm)) = t;
1966 t = make_aggr_type (TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM);
1967 /* parm is either IDENTIFIER_NODE or NULL_TREE */
1968 decl = build_decl (TYPE_DECL, parm, t);
1971 TYPE_NAME (t) = decl;
1972 TYPE_STUB_DECL (t) = decl;
1974 TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM_INDEX (t)
1975 = build_template_parm_index (idx, processing_template_decl,
1976 processing_template_decl,
1977 decl, TREE_TYPE (parm));
1979 DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl) = 1;
1980 SET_DECL_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (decl);
1982 parm = build_tree_list (defval, parm);
1983 return chainon (list, parm);
1986 /* The end of a template parameter list has been reached. Process the
1987 tree list into a parameter vector, converting each parameter into a more
1988 useful form. Type parameters are saved as IDENTIFIER_NODEs, and others
1992 end_template_parm_list (parms)
1997 tree saved_parmlist = make_tree_vec (list_length (parms));
1999 current_template_parms
2000 = tree_cons (size_int (processing_template_decl),
2001 saved_parmlist, current_template_parms);
2003 for (parm = parms, nparms = 0;
2005 parm = TREE_CHAIN (parm), nparms++)
2006 TREE_VEC_ELT (saved_parmlist, nparms) = parm;
2008 --processing_template_parmlist;
2010 return saved_parmlist;
2013 /* end_template_decl is called after a template declaration is seen. */
2016 end_template_decl ()
2018 reset_specialization ();
2020 if (! processing_template_decl)
2023 /* This matches the pushlevel in begin_template_parm_list. */
2026 --processing_template_decl;
2027 current_template_parms = TREE_CHAIN (current_template_parms);
2030 /* Given a template argument vector containing the template PARMS.
2031 The innermost PARMS are given first. */
2034 current_template_args ()
2037 tree args = NULL_TREE;
2038 int length = TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (current_template_parms);
2041 /* If there is only one level of template parameters, we do not
2042 create a TREE_VEC of TREE_VECs. Instead, we return a single
2043 TREE_VEC containing the arguments. */
2045 args = make_tree_vec (length);
2047 for (header = current_template_parms; header; header = TREE_CHAIN (header))
2049 tree a = copy_node (TREE_VALUE (header));
2052 TREE_TYPE (a) = NULL_TREE;
2053 for (i = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (a) - 1; i >= 0; --i)
2055 tree t = TREE_VEC_ELT (a, i);
2057 /* T will be a list if we are called from within a
2058 begin/end_template_parm_list pair, but a vector directly
2059 if within a begin/end_member_template_processing pair. */
2060 if (TREE_CODE (t) == TREE_LIST)
2064 if (TREE_CODE (t) == TYPE_DECL
2065 || TREE_CODE (t) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
2068 t = DECL_INITIAL (t);
2069 TREE_VEC_ELT (a, i) = t;
2074 TREE_VEC_ELT (args, --l) = a;
2082 /* Return a TEMPLATE_DECL corresponding to DECL, using the indicated
2083 template PARMS. Used by push_template_decl below. */
2086 build_template_decl (decl, parms)
2090 tree tmpl = build_lang_decl (TEMPLATE_DECL, DECL_NAME (decl), NULL_TREE);
2091 DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl) = parms;
2092 DECL_CONTEXT (tmpl) = DECL_CONTEXT (decl);
2093 if (DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (decl))
2095 if (CAN_HAVE_FULL_LANG_DECL_P (decl))
2096 DECL_VIRTUAL_CONTEXT (tmpl) = DECL_VIRTUAL_CONTEXT (decl);
2097 DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (tmpl) = DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (decl);
2098 DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (tmpl) = DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (decl);
2099 DECL_NONCONVERTING_P (tmpl) = DECL_NONCONVERTING_P (decl);
2100 DECL_ASSIGNMENT_OPERATOR_P (tmpl) = DECL_ASSIGNMENT_OPERATOR_P (decl);
2101 if (DECL_OVERLOADED_OPERATOR_P (decl))
2102 SET_OVERLOADED_OPERATOR_CODE (tmpl,
2103 DECL_OVERLOADED_OPERATOR_P (decl));
2109 struct template_parm_data
2111 /* The level of the template parameters we are currently
2115 /* The index of the specialization argument we are currently
2119 /* An array whose size is the number of template parameters. The
2120 elements are non-zero if the parameter has been used in any one
2121 of the arguments processed so far. */
2124 /* An array whose size is the number of template arguments. The
2125 elements are non-zero if the argument makes use of template
2126 parameters of this level. */
2127 int* arg_uses_template_parms;
2130 /* Subroutine of push_template_decl used to see if each template
2131 parameter in a partial specialization is used in the explicit
2132 argument list. If T is of the LEVEL given in DATA (which is
2133 treated as a template_parm_data*), then DATA->PARMS is marked
2137 mark_template_parm (t, data)
2143 struct template_parm_data* tpd = (struct template_parm_data*) data;
2145 if (TREE_CODE (t) == TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX)
2147 level = TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL (t);
2148 idx = TEMPLATE_PARM_IDX (t);
2152 level = TEMPLATE_TYPE_LEVEL (t);
2153 idx = TEMPLATE_TYPE_IDX (t);
2156 if (level == tpd->level)
2158 tpd->parms[idx] = 1;
2159 tpd->arg_uses_template_parms[tpd->current_arg] = 1;
2162 /* Return zero so that for_each_template_parm will continue the
2163 traversal of the tree; we want to mark *every* template parm. */
2167 /* Process the partial specialization DECL. */
2170 process_partial_specialization (decl)
2173 tree type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
2174 tree maintmpl = CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (type);
2175 tree specargs = CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (type);
2176 tree inner_args = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (specargs);
2177 tree inner_parms = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (current_template_parms);
2178 tree main_inner_parms = DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (maintmpl);
2179 int nargs = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (inner_args);
2180 int ntparms = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (inner_parms);
2182 int did_error_intro = 0;
2183 struct template_parm_data tpd;
2184 struct template_parm_data tpd2;
2186 /* We check that each of the template parameters given in the
2187 partial specialization is used in the argument list to the
2188 specialization. For example:
2190 template <class T> struct S;
2191 template <class T> struct S<T*>;
2193 The second declaration is OK because `T*' uses the template
2194 parameter T, whereas
2196 template <class T> struct S<int>;
2198 is no good. Even trickier is:
2209 The S2<T> declaration is actually illegal; it is a
2210 full-specialization. Of course,
2213 struct S2<T (*)(U)>;
2215 or some such would have been OK. */
2216 tpd.level = TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (current_template_parms);
2217 tpd.parms = alloca (sizeof (int) * ntparms);
2218 memset ((PTR) tpd.parms, 0, sizeof (int) * ntparms);
2220 tpd.arg_uses_template_parms = alloca (sizeof (int) * nargs);
2221 memset ((PTR) tpd.arg_uses_template_parms, 0, sizeof (int) * nargs);
2222 for (i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
2224 tpd.current_arg = i;
2225 for_each_template_parm (TREE_VEC_ELT (inner_args, i),
2226 &mark_template_parm,
2229 for (i = 0; i < ntparms; ++i)
2230 if (tpd.parms[i] == 0)
2232 /* One of the template parms was not used in the
2234 if (!did_error_intro)
2236 cp_error ("template parameters not used in partial specialization:");
2237 did_error_intro = 1;
2241 TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (inner_parms, i)));
2244 /* [temp.class.spec]
2246 The argument list of the specialization shall not be identical to
2247 the implicit argument list of the primary template. */
2248 if (comp_template_args
2250 INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (TREE_TYPE
2252 cp_error ("partial specialization `%T' does not specialize any template arguments", type);
2254 /* [temp.class.spec]
2256 A partially specialized non-type argument expression shall not
2257 involve template parameters of the partial specialization except
2258 when the argument expression is a simple identifier.
2260 The type of a template parameter corresponding to a specialized
2261 non-type argument shall not be dependent on a parameter of the
2263 my_friendly_assert (nargs == DECL_NTPARMS (maintmpl), 0);
2265 for (i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
2267 tree arg = TREE_VEC_ELT (inner_args, i);
2268 if (/* These first two lines are the `non-type' bit. */
2270 && TREE_CODE (arg) != TEMPLATE_DECL
2271 /* This next line is the `argument expression is not just a
2272 simple identifier' condition and also the `specialized
2273 non-type argument' bit. */
2274 && TREE_CODE (arg) != TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX)
2276 if (tpd.arg_uses_template_parms[i])
2277 cp_error ("template argument `%E' involves template parameter(s)", arg);
2280 /* Look at the corresponding template parameter,
2281 marking which template parameters its type depends
2284 TREE_TYPE (TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (main_inner_parms,
2289 /* We haven't yet initialized TPD2. Do so now. */
2290 tpd2.arg_uses_template_parms
2291 = (int*) alloca (sizeof (int) * nargs);
2292 /* The number of parameters here is the number in the
2293 main template, which, as checked in the assertion
2295 tpd2.parms = (int*) alloca (sizeof (int) * nargs);
2297 TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (maintmpl));
2300 /* Mark the template parameters. But this time, we're
2301 looking for the template parameters of the main
2302 template, not in the specialization. */
2303 tpd2.current_arg = i;
2304 tpd2.arg_uses_template_parms[i] = 0;
2305 memset ((PTR) tpd2.parms, 0, sizeof (int) * nargs);
2306 for_each_template_parm (type,
2307 &mark_template_parm,
2310 if (tpd2.arg_uses_template_parms [i])
2312 /* The type depended on some template parameters.
2313 If they are fully specialized in the
2314 specialization, that's OK. */
2316 for (j = 0; j < nargs; ++j)
2317 if (tpd2.parms[j] != 0
2318 && tpd.arg_uses_template_parms [j])
2320 cp_error ("type `%T' of template argument `%E' depends on template parameter(s)",
2330 if (retrieve_specialization (maintmpl, specargs))
2331 /* We've already got this specialization. */
2334 DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (maintmpl)
2335 = tree_cons (inner_args, inner_parms,
2336 DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (maintmpl));
2337 TREE_TYPE (DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (maintmpl)) = type;
2341 /* Check that a template declaration's use of default arguments is not
2342 invalid. Here, PARMS are the template parameters. IS_PRIMARY is
2343 non-zero if DECL is the thing declared by a primary template.
2344 IS_PARTIAL is non-zero if DECL is a partial specialization. */
2347 check_default_tmpl_args (decl, parms, is_primary, is_partial)
2354 int last_level_to_check;
2359 A default template-argument shall not be specified in a
2360 function template declaration or a function template definition, nor
2361 in the template-parameter-list of the definition of a member of a
2364 if (TREE_CODE (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (decl)) == FUNCTION_DECL)
2365 /* You can't have a function template declaration in a local
2366 scope, nor you can you define a member of a class template in a
2370 if (current_class_type
2371 && !TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (current_class_type)
2372 && DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (decl)
2373 /* If this is either a friend defined in the scope of the class
2374 or a member function. */
2375 && ((DECL_CONTEXT (decl)
2376 && same_type_p (DECL_CONTEXT (decl), current_class_type))
2377 || (DECL_FRIEND_CONTEXT (decl)
2378 && same_type_p (DECL_FRIEND_CONTEXT (decl),
2379 current_class_type)))
2380 /* And, if it was a member function, it really was defined in
2381 the scope of the class. */
2382 && (!DECL_FUNCTION_MEMBER_P (decl) || DECL_INITIALIZED_IN_CLASS_P (decl)))
2383 /* We already checked these parameters when the template was
2384 declared, so there's no need to do it again now. This function
2385 was defined in class scope, but we're processing it's body now
2386 that the class is complete. */
2391 If a template-parameter has a default template-argument, all
2392 subsequent template-parameters shall have a default
2393 template-argument supplied. */
2394 for (parm_level = parms; parm_level; parm_level = TREE_CHAIN (parm_level))
2396 tree inner_parms = TREE_VALUE (parm_level);
2397 int ntparms = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (inner_parms);
2398 int seen_def_arg_p = 0;
2401 for (i = 0; i < ntparms; ++i)
2403 tree parm = TREE_VEC_ELT (inner_parms, i);
2404 if (TREE_PURPOSE (parm))
2406 else if (seen_def_arg_p)
2408 cp_error ("no default argument for `%D'", TREE_VALUE (parm));
2409 /* For better subsequent error-recovery, we indicate that
2410 there should have been a default argument. */
2411 TREE_PURPOSE (parm) = error_mark_node;
2416 if (TREE_CODE (decl) != TYPE_DECL || is_partial || !is_primary)
2417 /* For an ordinary class template, default template arguments are
2418 allowed at the innermost level, e.g.:
2419 template <class T = int>
2421 but, in a partial specialization, they're not allowed even
2422 there, as we have in [temp.class.spec]:
2424 The template parameter list of a specialization shall not
2425 contain default template argument values.
2427 So, for a partial specialization, or for a function template,
2428 we look at all of them. */
2431 /* But, for a primary class template that is not a partial
2432 specialization we look at all template parameters except the
2434 parms = TREE_CHAIN (parms);
2436 /* Figure out what error message to issue. */
2437 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL)
2438 msg = "default template arguments may not be used in function templates";
2439 else if (is_partial)
2440 msg = "default template arguments may not be used in partial specializations";
2442 msg = "default argument for template parameter for class enclosing `%D'";
2444 if (current_class_type && TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (current_class_type))
2445 /* If we're inside a class definition, there's no need to
2446 examine the parameters to the class itself. On the one
2447 hand, they will be checked when the class is defined, and,
2448 on the other, default arguments are legal in things like:
2449 template <class T = double>
2450 struct S { template <class U> void f(U); };
2451 Here the default argument for `S' has no bearing on the
2452 declaration of `f'. */
2453 last_level_to_check = template_class_depth (current_class_type) + 1;
2455 /* Check everything. */
2456 last_level_to_check = 0;
2458 for (parm_level = parms;
2459 parm_level && TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (parm_level) >= last_level_to_check;
2460 parm_level = TREE_CHAIN (parm_level))
2462 tree inner_parms = TREE_VALUE (parm_level);
2466 ntparms = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (inner_parms);
2467 for (i = 0; i < ntparms; ++i)
2468 if (TREE_PURPOSE (TREE_VEC_ELT (inner_parms, i)))
2472 cp_error (msg, decl);
2476 /* Clear out the default argument so that we are not
2478 TREE_PURPOSE (TREE_VEC_ELT (inner_parms, i)) = NULL_TREE;
2481 /* At this point, if we're still interested in issuing messages,
2482 they must apply to classes surrounding the object declared. */
2484 msg = "default argument for template parameter for class enclosing `%D'";
2488 /* Creates a TEMPLATE_DECL for the indicated DECL using the template
2489 parameters given by current_template_args, or reuses a
2490 previously existing one, if appropriate. Returns the DECL, or an
2491 equivalent one, if it is replaced via a call to duplicate_decls.
2493 If IS_FRIEND is non-zero, DECL is a friend declaration. */
2496 push_template_decl_real (decl, is_friend)
2506 int new_template_p = 0;
2508 /* See if this is a partial specialization. */
2509 is_partial = (DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (decl)
2510 && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (decl)) != ENUMERAL_TYPE
2511 && CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (TREE_TYPE (decl)));
2513 is_friend |= (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL && DECL_FRIEND_P (decl));
2516 /* For a friend, we want the context of the friend function, not
2517 the type of which it is a friend. */
2518 ctx = DECL_CONTEXT (decl);
2519 else if (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (decl)
2520 && TREE_CODE (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (decl)) != NAMESPACE_DECL)
2521 /* In the case of a virtual function, we want the class in which
2523 ctx = CP_DECL_CONTEXT (decl);
2525 /* Otherwise, if we're currently defining some class, the DECL
2526 is assumed to be a member of the class. */
2527 ctx = current_scope ();
2529 if (ctx && TREE_CODE (ctx) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
2532 if (!DECL_CONTEXT (decl))
2533 DECL_CONTEXT (decl) = FROB_CONTEXT (current_namespace);
2535 /* See if this is a primary template. */
2536 primary = template_parm_scope_p ();
2540 if (current_lang_name == lang_name_c)
2541 cp_error ("template with C linkage");
2542 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL
2543 && ANON_AGGRNAME_P (DECL_NAME (decl)))
2544 cp_error ("template class without a name");
2545 else if ((DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (decl)
2546 && CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
2547 || (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL && ctx && CLASS_TYPE_P (ctx))
2548 || TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL)
2551 cp_error ("template declaration of `%#D'", decl);
2554 /* Check to see that the rules regarding the use of default
2555 arguments are not being violated. */
2556 check_default_tmpl_args (decl, current_template_parms,
2557 primary, is_partial);
2560 return process_partial_specialization (decl);
2562 args = current_template_args ();
2565 || TREE_CODE (ctx) == FUNCTION_DECL
2566 || TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (ctx)
2567 || (is_friend && !DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl)))
2569 if (DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (decl)
2570 && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl)
2571 && DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl))
2572 tmpl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
2573 /* If DECL is a TYPE_DECL for a class-template, then there won't
2574 be DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC. The information equivalent to
2575 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO is found in TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO instead. */
2576 else if (DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (decl)
2577 && TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (TREE_TYPE (decl))
2578 && TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
2580 /* Since a template declaration already existed for this
2581 class-type, we must be redeclaring it here. Make sure
2582 that the redeclaration is legal. */
2583 redeclare_class_template (TREE_TYPE (decl),
2584 current_template_parms);
2585 /* We don't need to create a new TEMPLATE_DECL; just use the
2586 one we already had. */
2587 tmpl = TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (TREE_TYPE (decl));
2591 tmpl = build_template_decl (decl, current_template_parms);
2594 if (DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (decl)
2595 && DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl))
2597 /* A specialization of a member template of a template
2599 SET_DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (tmpl);
2600 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (tmpl) = DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl);
2601 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl) = NULL_TREE;
2607 tree a, t, current, parms;
2610 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL)
2612 if ((IS_AGGR_TYPE_CODE (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
2613 || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (decl)) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
2614 && TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (TREE_TYPE (decl))
2615 && TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
2616 tmpl = TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (TREE_TYPE (decl));
2619 cp_error ("`%D' does not declare a template type", decl);
2623 else if (! DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl))
2625 cp_error ("template definition of non-template `%#D'", decl);
2629 tmpl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
2631 if (is_member_template (tmpl)
2632 && DECL_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_P (tmpl)
2633 && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl) && DECL_TI_ARGS (decl)
2634 && DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl))
2638 /* The declaration is a specialization of a member
2639 template, declared outside the class. Therefore, the
2640 innermost template arguments will be NULL, so we
2641 replace them with the arguments determined by the
2642 earlier call to check_explicit_specialization. */
2643 args = DECL_TI_ARGS (decl);
2646 = build_template_decl (decl, current_template_parms);
2647 DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (new_tmpl) = decl;
2648 TREE_TYPE (new_tmpl) = TREE_TYPE (decl);
2649 DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl) = new_tmpl;
2650 SET_DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (new_tmpl);
2651 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (new_tmpl)
2652 = tree_cons (tmpl, args, NULL_TREE);
2654 register_specialization (new_tmpl,
2655 most_general_template (tmpl),
2660 /* Make sure the template headers we got make sense. */
2662 parms = DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl);
2663 i = TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (parms);
2664 if (TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args) != i)
2666 cp_error ("expected %d levels of template parms for `%#D', got %d",
2667 i, decl, TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args));
2670 for (current = decl; i > 0; --i, parms = TREE_CHAIN (parms))
2672 a = TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (args, i);
2673 t = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (parms);
2675 if (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (t) != TREE_VEC_LENGTH (a))
2677 if (current == decl)
2678 cp_error ("got %d template parameters for `%#D'",
2679 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (a), decl);
2681 cp_error ("got %d template parameters for `%#T'",
2682 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (a), current);
2683 cp_error (" but %d required", TREE_VEC_LENGTH (t));
2686 /* Perhaps we should also check that the parms are used in the
2687 appropriate qualifying scopes in the declarator? */
2689 if (current == decl)
2692 current = TYPE_CONTEXT (current);
2696 DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (tmpl) = decl;
2697 TREE_TYPE (tmpl) = TREE_TYPE (decl);
2699 /* Push template declarations for global functions and types. Note
2700 that we do not try to push a global template friend declared in a
2701 template class; such a thing may well depend on the template
2702 parameters of the class. */
2703 if (new_template_p && !ctx
2704 && !(is_friend && template_class_depth (current_class_type) > 0))
2705 tmpl = pushdecl_namespace_level (tmpl);
2708 DECL_PRIMARY_TEMPLATE (tmpl) = tmpl;
2710 info = tree_cons (tmpl, args, NULL_TREE);
2712 if (DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (decl))
2714 SET_TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (TREE_TYPE (tmpl), info);
2715 if ((!ctx || TREE_CODE (ctx) != FUNCTION_DECL)
2716 && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (decl)) != ENUMERAL_TYPE
2717 /* Don't change the name if we've already set it up. */
2718 && !IDENTIFIER_TEMPLATE (DECL_NAME (decl)))
2719 DECL_NAME (decl) = classtype_mangled_name (TREE_TYPE (decl));
2721 else if (DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (decl))
2722 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl) = info;
2724 return DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (tmpl);
2728 push_template_decl (decl)
2731 return push_template_decl_real (decl, 0);
2734 /* Called when a class template TYPE is redeclared with the indicated
2735 template PARMS, e.g.:
2737 template <class T> struct S;
2738 template <class T> struct S {}; */
2741 redeclare_class_template (type, parms)
2749 if (!TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (type))
2751 cp_error ("`%T' is not a template type", type);
2755 tmpl = TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (type);
2756 if (!PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (tmpl))
2757 /* The type is nested in some template class. Nothing to worry
2758 about here; there are no new template parameters for the nested
2762 parms = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (parms);
2763 tmpl_parms = DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl);
2765 if (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parms) != TREE_VEC_LENGTH (tmpl_parms))
2767 cp_error_at ("previous declaration `%D'", tmpl);
2768 cp_error ("used %d template parameter%s instead of %d",
2769 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (tmpl_parms),
2770 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (tmpl_parms) == 1 ? "" : "s",
2771 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parms));
2775 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (tmpl_parms); ++i)
2777 tree tmpl_parm = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (tmpl_parms, i));
2778 tree parm = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (parms, i));
2779 tree tmpl_default = TREE_PURPOSE (TREE_VEC_ELT (tmpl_parms, i));
2780 tree parm_default = TREE_PURPOSE (TREE_VEC_ELT (parms, i));
2782 if (TREE_CODE (tmpl_parm) != TREE_CODE (parm))
2784 cp_error_at ("template parameter `%#D'", tmpl_parm);
2785 cp_error ("redeclared here as `%#D'", parm);
2789 if (tmpl_default != NULL_TREE && parm_default != NULL_TREE)
2791 /* We have in [temp.param]:
2793 A template-parameter may not be given default arguments
2794 by two different declarations in the same scope. */
2795 cp_error ("redefinition of default argument for `%#D'", parm);
2796 cp_error_at (" original definition appeared here", tmpl_parm);
2800 if (parm_default != NULL_TREE)
2801 /* Update the previous template parameters (which are the ones
2802 that will really count) with the new default value. */
2803 TREE_PURPOSE (TREE_VEC_ELT (tmpl_parms, i)) = parm_default;
2804 else if (tmpl_default != NULL_TREE)
2805 /* Update the new parameters, too; they'll be used as the
2806 parameters for any members. */
2807 TREE_PURPOSE (TREE_VEC_ELT (parms, i)) = tmpl_default;
2811 /* Attempt to convert the non-type template parameter EXPR to the
2812 indicated TYPE. If the conversion is successful, return the
2813 converted value. If the conversion is unsuccessful, return
2814 NULL_TREE if we issued an error message, or error_mark_node if we
2815 did not. We issue error messages for out-and-out bad template
2816 parameters, but not simply because the conversion failed, since we
2817 might be just trying to do argument deduction. By the time this
2818 function is called, neither TYPE nor EXPR may make use of template
2822 convert_nontype_argument (type, expr)
2826 tree expr_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
2828 /* A template-argument for a non-type, non-template
2829 template-parameter shall be one of:
2831 --an integral constant-expression of integral or enumeration
2834 --the name of a non-type template-parameter; or
2836 --the name of an object or function with external linkage,
2837 including function templates and function template-ids but
2838 excluding non-static class members, expressed as id-expression;
2841 --the address of an object or function with external linkage,
2842 including function templates and function template-ids but
2843 excluding non-static class members, expressed as & id-expression
2844 where the & is optional if the name refers to a function or
2847 --a pointer to member expressed as described in _expr.unary.op_. */
2849 /* An integral constant-expression can include const variables or
2850 enumerators. Simplify things by folding them to their values,
2851 unless we're about to bind the declaration to a reference
2853 if (INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (expr_type)
2854 && TREE_CODE (type) != REFERENCE_TYPE)
2855 expr = decl_constant_value (expr);
2857 if (is_overloaded_fn (expr))
2858 /* OK for now. We'll check that it has external linkage later.
2859 Check this first since if expr_type is the unknown_type_node
2860 we would otherwise complain below. */
2862 else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (expr_type)
2863 || TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (expr_type))
2865 if (TREE_CODE (expr) != PTRMEM_CST)
2868 else if (TYPE_PTR_P (expr_type)
2869 || TYPE_PTRMEM_P (expr_type)
2870 || TREE_CODE (expr_type) == ARRAY_TYPE
2871 || TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE
2872 /* If expr is the address of an overloaded function, we
2873 will get the unknown_type_node at this point. */
2874 || expr_type == unknown_type_node)
2880 if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == ARRAY_TYPE
2881 || (TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE
2882 && TREE_CODE (e) != ADDR_EXPR))
2886 if (TREE_CODE (e) != ADDR_EXPR)
2889 cp_error ("`%E' is not a valid template argument", expr);
2890 if (TYPE_PTR_P (expr_type))
2892 if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (expr_type)) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
2893 cp_error ("it must be the address of a function with external linkage");
2895 cp_error ("it must be the address of an object with external linkage");
2897 else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (expr_type)
2898 || TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (expr_type))
2899 cp_error ("it must be a pointer-to-member of the form `&X::Y'");
2904 referent = TREE_OPERAND (e, 0);
2905 STRIP_NOPS (referent);
2908 if (TREE_CODE (referent) == STRING_CST)
2910 cp_error ("string literal %E is not a valid template argument because it is the address of an object with static linkage",
2915 if (is_overloaded_fn (referent))
2916 /* We'll check that it has external linkage later. */
2918 else if (TREE_CODE (referent) != VAR_DECL)
2920 else if (!DECL_EXTERNAL_LINKAGE_P (referent))
2922 cp_error ("address of non-extern `%E' cannot be used as template argument", referent);
2923 return error_mark_node;
2926 else if (INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (expr_type)
2927 || TYPE_PTRMEM_P (expr_type)
2928 || TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (expr_type))
2930 if (! TREE_CONSTANT (expr))
2933 cp_error ("non-constant `%E' cannot be used as template argument",
2940 cp_error ("object `%E' cannot be used as template argument", expr);
2944 switch (TREE_CODE (type))
2949 /* For a non-type template-parameter of integral or enumeration
2950 type, integral promotions (_conv.prom_) and integral
2951 conversions (_conv.integral_) are applied. */
2952 if (!INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (expr_type))
2953 return error_mark_node;
2955 /* It's safe to call digest_init in this case; we know we're
2956 just converting one integral constant expression to another. */
2957 expr = digest_init (type, expr, (tree*) 0);
2959 if (TREE_CODE (expr) != INTEGER_CST)
2960 /* Curiously, some TREE_CONSTANT integral expressions do not
2961 simplify to integer constants. For example, `3 % 0',
2962 remains a TRUNC_MOD_EXPR. */
2969 tree type_pointed_to = TREE_TYPE (type);
2971 if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type))
2975 /* For a non-type template-parameter of type pointer to data
2976 member, qualification conversions (_conv.qual_) are
2978 e = perform_qualification_conversions (type, expr);
2979 if (TREE_CODE (e) == NOP_EXPR)
2980 /* The call to perform_qualification_conversions will
2981 insert a NOP_EXPR over EXPR to do express conversion,
2982 if necessary. But, that will confuse us if we use
2983 this (converted) template parameter to instantiate
2984 another template; then the thing will not look like a
2985 valid template argument. So, just make a new
2986 constant, of the appropriate type. */
2987 e = make_ptrmem_cst (type, PTRMEM_CST_MEMBER (expr));
2990 else if (TREE_CODE (type_pointed_to) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
2992 /* For a non-type template-parameter of type pointer to
2993 function, only the function-to-pointer conversion
2994 (_conv.func_) is applied. If the template-argument
2995 represents a set of overloaded functions (or a pointer to
2996 such), the matching function is selected from the set
3001 if (TREE_CODE (expr) == ADDR_EXPR)
3002 fns = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
3006 fn = instantiate_type (type_pointed_to, fns, itf_none);
3008 if (fn == error_mark_node)
3009 return error_mark_node;
3011 if (!DECL_EXTERNAL_LINKAGE_P (fn))
3013 if (really_overloaded_fn (fns))
3014 return error_mark_node;
3019 expr = build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, fn, 0);
3021 my_friendly_assert (same_type_p (type, TREE_TYPE (expr)),
3027 /* For a non-type template-parameter of type pointer to
3028 object, qualification conversions (_conv.qual_) and the
3029 array-to-pointer conversion (_conv.array_) are applied.
3030 [Note: In particular, neither the null pointer conversion
3031 (_conv.ptr_) nor the derived-to-base conversion
3032 (_conv.ptr_) are applied. Although 0 is a valid
3033 template-argument for a non-type template-parameter of
3034 integral type, it is not a valid template-argument for a
3035 non-type template-parameter of pointer type.]
3037 The call to decay_conversion performs the
3038 array-to-pointer conversion, if appropriate. */
3039 expr = decay_conversion (expr);
3041 if (expr == error_mark_node)
3042 return error_mark_node;
3044 return perform_qualification_conversions (type, expr);
3049 case REFERENCE_TYPE:
3051 tree type_referred_to = TREE_TYPE (type);
3053 /* If this expression already has reference type, get the
3054 underling object. */
3055 if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
3057 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (expr) == ADDR_EXPR, 20000604);
3058 expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
3059 expr_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
3062 if (TREE_CODE (type_referred_to) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
3064 /* For a non-type template-parameter of type reference to
3065 function, no conversions apply. If the
3066 template-argument represents a set of overloaded
3067 functions, the matching function is selected from the
3068 set (_over.over_). */
3071 fn = instantiate_type (type_referred_to, expr, itf_none);
3073 if (fn == error_mark_node)
3074 return error_mark_node;
3076 if (!DECL_EXTERNAL_LINKAGE_P (fn))
3078 if (really_overloaded_fn (expr))
3079 /* Don't issue an error here; we might get a different
3080 function if the overloading had worked out
3082 return error_mark_node;
3087 my_friendly_assert (same_type_p (type_referred_to,
3095 /* For a non-type template-parameter of type reference to
3096 object, no conversions apply. The type referred to by the
3097 reference may be more cv-qualified than the (otherwise
3098 identical) type of the template-argument. The
3099 template-parameter is bound directly to the
3100 template-argument, which must be an lvalue. */
3101 if (!same_type_p (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (expr_type),
3102 TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type_referred_to))
3103 || !at_least_as_qualified_p (type_referred_to,
3105 || !real_lvalue_p (expr))
3106 return error_mark_node;
3109 mark_addressable (expr);
3110 return build1 (ADDR_EXPR, type, expr);
3116 my_friendly_assert (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type), 20010112);
3118 /* For a non-type template-parameter of type pointer to member
3119 function, no conversions apply. If the template-argument
3120 represents a set of overloaded member functions, the
3121 matching member function is selected from the set
3124 if (!TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (expr_type) &&
3125 expr_type != unknown_type_node)
3126 return error_mark_node;
3128 if (TREE_CODE (expr) == PTRMEM_CST)
3130 /* A ptr-to-member constant. */
3131 if (!same_type_p (type, expr_type))
3132 return error_mark_node;
3137 if (TREE_CODE (expr) != ADDR_EXPR)
3138 return error_mark_node;
3140 expr = instantiate_type (type, expr, itf_none);
3142 if (expr == error_mark_node)
3143 return error_mark_node;
3145 my_friendly_assert (same_type_p (type, TREE_TYPE (expr)),
3152 /* All non-type parameters must have one of these types. */
3153 my_friendly_abort (0);
3157 return error_mark_node;
3160 /* Return 1 if PARM_PARMS and ARG_PARMS matches using rule for
3161 template template parameters. Both PARM_PARMS and ARG_PARMS are
3162 vectors of TREE_LIST nodes containing TYPE_DECL, TEMPLATE_DECL
3165 ARG_PARMS may contain more parameters than PARM_PARMS. If this is
3166 the case, then extra parameters must have default arguments.
3168 Consider the example:
3169 template <class T, class Allocator = allocator> class vector;
3170 template<template <class U> class TT> class C;
3172 C<vector> is a valid instantiation. PARM_PARMS for the above code
3173 contains a TYPE_DECL (for U), ARG_PARMS contains two TYPE_DECLs (for
3174 T and Allocator) and OUTER_ARGS contains the argument that is used to
3175 substitute the TT parameter. */
3178 coerce_template_template_parms (parm_parms, arg_parms, complain,
3179 in_decl, outer_args)
3180 tree parm_parms, arg_parms;
3182 tree in_decl, outer_args;
3184 int nparms, nargs, i;
3187 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (parm_parms) == TREE_VEC, 0);
3188 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (arg_parms) == TREE_VEC, 0);
3190 nparms = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parm_parms);
3191 nargs = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (arg_parms);
3193 /* The rule here is opposite of coerce_template_parms. */
3196 && TREE_PURPOSE (TREE_VEC_ELT (arg_parms, nparms)) == NULL_TREE))
3199 for (i = 0; i < nparms; ++i)
3201 parm = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (parm_parms, i));
3202 arg = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (arg_parms, i));
3204 if (arg == NULL_TREE || arg == error_mark_node
3205 || parm == NULL_TREE || parm == error_mark_node)
3208 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != TREE_CODE (parm))
3211 switch (TREE_CODE (parm))
3217 /* We encounter instantiations of templates like
3218 template <template <template <class> class> class TT>
3221 tree parmparm = DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (parm);
3222 tree argparm = DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (arg);
3224 if (!coerce_template_template_parms (parmparm, argparm,
3232 /* The tsubst call is used to handle cases such as
3233 template <class T, template <T> class TT> class D;
3234 i.e. the parameter list of TT depends on earlier parameters. */
3235 if (!same_type_p (tsubst (TREE_TYPE (parm), outer_args,
3242 my_friendly_abort (0);
3248 /* Convert the indicated template ARG as necessary to match the
3249 indicated template PARM. Returns the converted ARG, or
3250 error_mark_node if the conversion was unsuccessful. Error messages
3251 are issued if COMPLAIN is non-zero. This conversion is for the Ith
3252 parameter in the parameter list. ARGS is the full set of template
3253 arguments deduced so far. */
3256 convert_template_argument (parm, arg, args, complain, i, in_decl)
3266 int is_type, requires_type, is_tmpl_type, requires_tmpl_type;
3268 inner_args = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (args);
3270 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TREE_LIST
3271 && TREE_TYPE (arg) != NULL_TREE
3272 && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (arg)) == OFFSET_TYPE)
3274 /* The template argument was the name of some
3275 member function. That's usually
3276 illegal, but static members are OK. In any
3277 case, grab the underlying fields/functions
3278 and issue an error later if required. */
3279 arg = TREE_VALUE (arg);
3280 TREE_TYPE (arg) = unknown_type_node;
3283 requires_tmpl_type = TREE_CODE (parm) == TEMPLATE_DECL;
3284 requires_type = (TREE_CODE (parm) == TYPE_DECL
3285 || requires_tmpl_type);
3287 /* Check if it is a class template. If REQUIRES_TMPL_TYPE is true,
3288 we also accept implicitly created TYPE_DECL as a valid argument.
3289 This is necessary to handle the case where we pass a template name
3290 to a template template parameter in a scope where we've derived from
3291 in instantiation of that template, so the template name refers to that
3292 instantiation. We really ought to handle this better. */
3294 = ((TREE_CODE (arg) == TEMPLATE_DECL
3295 && TREE_CODE (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (arg)) == TYPE_DECL)
3296 || TREE_CODE (arg) == TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM
3297 || (TREE_CODE (arg) == RECORD_TYPE
3298 && CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (arg)
3299 && TREE_CODE (TYPE_NAME (arg)) == TYPE_DECL
3300 && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (TYPE_NAME (arg))
3301 && requires_tmpl_type
3302 && is_base_of_enclosing_class (arg, current_class_type)));
3303 if (is_tmpl_type && TREE_CODE (arg) == TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM)
3304 arg = TYPE_STUB_DECL (arg);
3305 else if (is_tmpl_type && TREE_CODE (arg) == RECORD_TYPE)
3306 arg = CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (arg);
3308 is_type = TYPE_P (arg) || is_tmpl_type;
3310 if (requires_type && ! is_type && TREE_CODE (arg) == SCOPE_REF
3311 && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (arg, 0)) == TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM)
3313 cp_pedwarn ("to refer to a type member of a template parameter, use `typename %E'", arg);
3315 arg = make_typename_type (TREE_OPERAND (arg, 0),
3316 TREE_OPERAND (arg, 1),
3320 if (is_type != requires_type)
3326 cp_error ("type/value mismatch at argument %d in template parameter list for `%D'",
3329 cp_error (" expected a constant of type `%T', got `%T'",
3331 (is_tmpl_type ? DECL_NAME (arg) : arg));
3333 cp_error (" expected a type, got `%E'", arg);
3336 return error_mark_node;
3338 if (is_tmpl_type ^ requires_tmpl_type)
3340 if (in_decl && complain)
3342 cp_error ("type/value mismatch at argument %d in template parameter list for `%D'",
3345 cp_error (" expected a type, got `%T'", DECL_NAME (arg));
3347 cp_error (" expected a class template, got `%T'", arg);
3349 return error_mark_node;
3354 if (requires_tmpl_type)
3356 tree parmparm = DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (parm);
3357 tree argparm = DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (arg);
3359 if (coerce_template_template_parms (parmparm, argparm, complain,
3360 in_decl, inner_args))
3364 /* TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM node is preferred over
3366 if (val != error_mark_node
3367 && DECL_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (val))
3368 val = TREE_TYPE (val);
3372 if (in_decl && complain)
3374 cp_error ("type/value mismatch at argument %d in template parameter list for `%D'",
3376 cp_error (" expected a template of type `%D', got `%D'", parm, arg);
3379 val = error_mark_node;
3384 val = groktypename (arg);
3385 if (! processing_template_decl)
3387 /* [basic.link]: A name with no linkage (notably, the
3388 name of a class or enumeration declared in a local
3389 scope) shall not be used to declare an entity with
3390 linkage. This implies that names with no linkage
3391 cannot be used as template arguments. */
3392 tree t = no_linkage_check (val);
3395 if (TYPE_ANONYMOUS_P (t))
3397 ("template-argument `%T' uses anonymous type", val);
3400 ("template-argument `%T' uses local type `%T'",
3402 return error_mark_node;
3409 tree t = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (parm), args, complain, in_decl);
3411 if (invalid_nontype_parm_type_p (t, complain))
3412 return error_mark_node;
3414 if (processing_template_decl)
3415 arg = maybe_fold_nontype_arg (arg);
3417 if (!uses_template_parms (arg) && !uses_template_parms (t))
3418 /* We used to call digest_init here. However, digest_init
3419 will report errors, which we don't want when complain
3420 is zero. More importantly, digest_init will try too
3421 hard to convert things: for example, `0' should not be
3422 converted to pointer type at this point according to
3423 the standard. Accepting this is not merely an
3424 extension, since deciding whether or not these
3425 conversions can occur is part of determining which
3426 function template to call, or whether a given explicit
3427 argument specification is legal. */
3428 val = convert_nontype_argument (t, arg);
3432 if (val == NULL_TREE)
3433 val = error_mark_node;
3434 else if (val == error_mark_node && complain)
3435 cp_error ("could not convert template argument `%E' to `%T'",
3442 /* Convert all template arguments to their appropriate types, and
3443 return a vector containing the innermost resulting template
3444 arguments. If any error occurs, return error_mark_node, and, if
3445 COMPLAIN is non-zero, issue an error message. Some error messages
3446 are issued even if COMPLAIN is zero; for instance, if a template
3447 argument is composed from a local class.
3449 If REQUIRE_ALL_ARGUMENTS is non-zero, all arguments must be
3450 provided in ARGLIST, or else trailing parameters must have default
3451 values. If REQUIRE_ALL_ARGUMENTS is zero, we will attempt argument
3452 deduction for any unspecified trailing arguments. */
3455 coerce_template_parms (parms, args, in_decl,
3457 require_all_arguments)
3461 int require_all_arguments;
3463 int nparms, nargs, i, lost = 0;
3466 tree new_inner_args;
3468 inner_args = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (args);
3469 nargs = NUM_TMPL_ARGS (inner_args);
3470 nparms = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parms);
3474 && require_all_arguments
3475 && TREE_PURPOSE (TREE_VEC_ELT (parms, nargs)) == NULL_TREE))
3479 cp_error ("wrong number of template arguments (%d, should be %d)",
3483 cp_error_at ("provided for `%D'", in_decl);
3486 return error_mark_node;
3489 new_inner_args = make_tree_vec (nparms);
3490 new_args = add_outermost_template_args (args, new_inner_args);
3491 for (i = 0; i < nparms; i++)
3496 /* Get the Ith template parameter. */
3497 parm = TREE_VEC_ELT (parms, i);
3499 /* Calculate the Ith argument. */
3500 if (inner_args && TREE_CODE (inner_args) == TREE_LIST)
3502 arg = TREE_VALUE (inner_args);
3503 inner_args = TREE_CHAIN (inner_args);
3506 arg = TREE_VEC_ELT (inner_args, i);
3507 /* If no template argument was supplied, look for a default
3509 else if (TREE_PURPOSE (parm) == NULL_TREE)
3511 /* There was no default value. */
3512 my_friendly_assert (!require_all_arguments, 0);
3515 else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_VALUE (parm)) == TYPE_DECL)
3516 arg = tsubst (TREE_PURPOSE (parm), new_args, complain, in_decl);
3518 arg = tsubst_expr (TREE_PURPOSE (parm), new_args, complain,
3521 /* Now, convert the Ith argument, as necessary. */
3522 if (arg == NULL_TREE)
3523 /* We're out of arguments. */
3525 my_friendly_assert (!require_all_arguments, 0);
3528 else if (arg == error_mark_node)
3530 cp_error ("template argument %d is invalid", i + 1);
3531 arg = error_mark_node;
3534 arg = convert_template_argument (TREE_VALUE (parm),
3535 arg, new_args, complain, i,
3538 if (arg == error_mark_node)
3540 TREE_VEC_ELT (new_inner_args, i) = arg;
3544 return error_mark_node;
3546 return new_inner_args;
3549 /* Returns 1 if template args OT and NT are equivalent. */
3552 template_args_equal (ot, nt)
3558 if (TREE_CODE (nt) == TREE_VEC)
3559 /* For member templates */
3560 return TREE_CODE (ot) == TREE_VEC && comp_template_args (ot, nt);
3561 else if (TYPE_P (nt))
3562 return TYPE_P (ot) && same_type_p (ot, nt);
3563 else if (TREE_CODE (ot) == TREE_VEC || TYPE_P (ot))
3566 return (cp_tree_equal (ot, nt) > 0);
3569 /* Returns 1 iff the OLDARGS and NEWARGS are in fact identical sets
3570 of template arguments. Returns 0 otherwise. */
3573 comp_template_args (oldargs, newargs)
3574 tree oldargs, newargs;
3578 if (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (oldargs) != TREE_VEC_LENGTH (newargs))
3581 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (oldargs); ++i)
3583 tree nt = TREE_VEC_ELT (newargs, i);
3584 tree ot = TREE_VEC_ELT (oldargs, i);
3586 if (! template_args_equal (ot, nt))
3592 /* Given class template name and parameter list, produce a user-friendly name
3593 for the instantiation. */
3596 mangle_class_name_for_template (name, parms, arglist)
3598 tree parms, arglist;
3600 static struct obstack scratch_obstack;
3601 static char *scratch_firstobj;
3604 if (!scratch_firstobj)
3605 gcc_obstack_init (&scratch_obstack);
3607 obstack_free (&scratch_obstack, scratch_firstobj);
3608 scratch_firstobj = obstack_alloc (&scratch_obstack, 1);
3610 #define ccat(c) obstack_1grow (&scratch_obstack, (c));
3611 #define cat(s) obstack_grow (&scratch_obstack, (s), strlen (s))
3615 nparms = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parms);
3616 arglist = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (arglist);
3617 my_friendly_assert (nparms == TREE_VEC_LENGTH (arglist), 268);
3618 for (i = 0; i < nparms; i++)
3620 tree parm = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (parms, i));
3621 tree arg = TREE_VEC_ELT (arglist, i);
3626 if (TREE_CODE (parm) == TYPE_DECL)
3628 cat (type_as_string (arg, TFF_CHASE_TYPEDEF));
3631 else if (TREE_CODE (parm) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
3633 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
3635 /* Already substituted with real template. Just output
3636 the template name here */
3637 tree context = DECL_CONTEXT (arg);
3640 /* The template may be defined in a namespace, or
3641 may be a member template. */
3642 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (context) == NAMESPACE_DECL
3643 || CLASS_TYPE_P (context),
3645 cat(decl_as_string (DECL_CONTEXT (arg), TFF_PLAIN_IDENTIFIER));
3648 cat (IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_NAME (arg)));
3651 /* Output the parameter declaration */
3652 cat (type_as_string (arg, TFF_CHASE_TYPEDEF));
3656 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (parm) == PARM_DECL, 269);
3658 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TREE_LIST)
3660 /* New list cell was built because old chain link was in
3662 my_friendly_assert (TREE_PURPOSE (arg) == NULL_TREE, 270);
3663 arg = TREE_VALUE (arg);
3665 /* No need to check arglist against parmlist here; we did that
3666 in coerce_template_parms, called from lookup_template_class. */
3667 cat (expr_as_string (arg, TFF_PLAIN_IDENTIFIER));
3670 char *bufp = obstack_next_free (&scratch_obstack);
3672 while (bufp[offset - 1] == ' ')
3674 obstack_blank_fast (&scratch_obstack, offset);
3676 /* B<C<char> >, not B<C<char>> */
3677 if (bufp[offset - 1] == '>')
3682 return (char *) obstack_base (&scratch_obstack);
3686 classtype_mangled_name (t)
3689 if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (t)
3690 /* Specializations have already had their names set up in
3691 lookup_template_class. */
3692 && !CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (t))
3694 tree tmpl = most_general_template (CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (t));
3696 /* For non-primary templates, the template parameters are
3697 implicit from their surrounding context. */
3698 if (PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (tmpl))
3700 tree name = DECL_NAME (tmpl);
3701 char *mangled_name = mangle_class_name_for_template
3702 (IDENTIFIER_POINTER (name),
3703 DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl),
3704 CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (t));
3705 tree id = get_identifier (mangled_name);
3706 IDENTIFIER_TEMPLATE (id) = name;
3711 return TYPE_IDENTIFIER (t);
3715 add_pending_template (d)
3718 tree ti = (TYPE_P (d)
3719 ? CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (d)
3720 : DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (d));
3724 if (TI_PENDING_TEMPLATE_FLAG (ti))
3727 /* We are called both from instantiate_decl, where we've already had a
3728 tinst_level pushed, and instantiate_template, where we haven't.
3730 level = !(current_tinst_level && TINST_DECL (current_tinst_level) == d);
3733 push_tinst_level (d);
3735 pt = tree_cons (current_tinst_level, d, NULL_TREE);
3736 if (last_pending_template)
3737 TREE_CHAIN (last_pending_template) = pt;
3739 pending_templates = pt;
3741 last_pending_template = pt;
3743 TI_PENDING_TEMPLATE_FLAG (ti) = 1;
3750 /* Return a TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR corresponding to the indicated FNS (which
3751 may be either a _DECL or an overloaded function or an
3752 IDENTIFIER_NODE), and ARGLIST. */
3755 lookup_template_function (fns, arglist)
3760 if (fns == NULL_TREE)
3762 cp_error ("non-template used as template");
3763 return error_mark_node;
3766 type = TREE_TYPE (fns);
3767 if (TREE_CODE (fns) == OVERLOAD || !type)
3768 type = unknown_type_node;
3770 if (processing_template_decl)
3771 return build_min (TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR, type, fns, arglist);
3773 return build (TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR, type, fns, arglist);
3776 /* Within the scope of a template class S<T>, the name S gets bound
3777 (in build_self_reference) to a TYPE_DECL for the class, not a
3778 TEMPLATE_DECL. If DECL is a TYPE_DECL for current_class_type,
3779 or one of its enclosing classes, and that type is a template,
3780 return the associated TEMPLATE_DECL. Otherwise, the original
3781 DECL is returned. */
3784 maybe_get_template_decl_from_type_decl (decl)
3787 return (decl != NULL_TREE
3788 && TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL
3789 && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl)
3790 && CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (decl))
3791 && CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
3792 ? CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (TREE_TYPE (decl)) : decl;
3795 /* Given an IDENTIFIER_NODE (type TEMPLATE_DECL) and a chain of
3796 parameters, find the desired type.
3798 D1 is the PTYPENAME terminal, and ARGLIST is the list of arguments.
3799 (Actually ARGLIST may be either a TREE_LIST or a TREE_VEC. It will
3800 be a TREE_LIST if called directly from the parser, and a TREE_VEC
3803 IN_DECL, if non-NULL, is the template declaration we are trying to
3806 If ENTERING_SCOPE is non-zero, we are about to enter the scope of
3807 the class we are looking up.
3809 If COMPLAIN is non-zero, issue error messages.
3811 If the template class is really a local class in a template
3812 function, then the FUNCTION_CONTEXT is the function in which it is
3813 being instantiated. */
3816 lookup_template_class (d1, arglist, in_decl, context, entering_scope, complain)
3823 tree template = NULL_TREE, parmlist;
3826 if (TREE_CODE (d1) == IDENTIFIER_NODE)
3828 if (IDENTIFIER_VALUE (d1)
3829 && DECL_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (IDENTIFIER_VALUE (d1)))
3830 template = IDENTIFIER_VALUE (d1);
3834 push_decl_namespace (context);
3835 template = lookup_name (d1, /*prefer_type=*/0);
3836 template = maybe_get_template_decl_from_type_decl (template);
3838 pop_decl_namespace ();
3841 context = DECL_CONTEXT (template);
3843 else if (TREE_CODE (d1) == TYPE_DECL && IS_AGGR_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (d1)))
3845 tree type = TREE_TYPE (d1);
3847 /* If we are declaring a constructor, say A<T>::A<T>, we will get
3848 an implicit typename for the second A. Deal with it. */
3849 if (TREE_CODE (type) == TYPENAME_TYPE && TREE_TYPE (type))
3850 type = TREE_TYPE (type);
3852 if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (type))
3854 template = CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (type);
3855 d1 = DECL_NAME (template);
3858 else if (TREE_CODE (d1) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
3859 || (TYPE_P (d1) && IS_AGGR_TYPE (d1)))
3861 template = TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (d1);
3862 d1 = DECL_NAME (template);
3864 else if (TREE_CODE (d1) == TEMPLATE_DECL
3865 && TREE_CODE (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (d1)) == TYPE_DECL)
3868 d1 = DECL_NAME (template);
3869 context = DECL_CONTEXT (template);
3872 /* With something like `template <class T> class X class X { ... };'
3873 we could end up with D1 having nothing but an IDENTIFIER_VALUE.
3874 We don't want to do that, but we have to deal with the situation,
3875 so let's give them some syntax errors to chew on instead of a
3876 crash. Alternatively D1 might not be a template type at all. */
3880 cp_error ("`%T' is not a template", d1);
3881 return error_mark_node;
3884 if (TREE_CODE (template) != TEMPLATE_DECL
3885 /* If we're called from the parser, make sure it's a user visible
3887 || ((!arglist || TREE_CODE (arglist) == TREE_LIST)
3888 && !DECL_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (template)
3889 && !PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (template)))
3893 cp_error ("non-template type `%T' used as a template", d1);
3895 cp_error_at ("for template declaration `%D'", in_decl);
3897 return error_mark_node;
3900 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (template))
3902 /* Create a new TEMPLATE_DECL and TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM node to store
3903 template arguments */
3908 parmlist = DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (template);
3910 arglist2 = coerce_template_parms (parmlist, arglist, template,
3911 complain, /*require_all_args=*/1);
3912 if (arglist2 == error_mark_node)
3913 return error_mark_node;
3915 parm = copy_template_template_parm (TREE_TYPE (template), arglist2);
3916 TYPE_SIZE (parm) = 0;
3921 tree template_type = TREE_TYPE (template);
3924 tree found = NULL_TREE;
3928 int is_partial_instantiation;
3930 gen_tmpl = most_general_template (template);
3931 parmlist = DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (gen_tmpl);
3932 parm_depth = TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (parmlist);
3933 arg_depth = TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (arglist);
3935 if (arg_depth == 1 && parm_depth > 1)
3937 /* We've been given an incomplete set of template arguments.
3940 template <class T> struct S1 {
3941 template <class U> struct S2 {};
3942 template <class U> struct S2<U*> {};
3945 we will be called with an ARGLIST of `U*', but the
3946 TEMPLATE will be `template <class T> template
3947 <class U> struct S1<T>::S2'. We must fill in the missing
3950 = add_outermost_template_args (TYPE_TI_ARGS (TREE_TYPE (template)),
3952 arg_depth = TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (arglist);
3955 /* Now we should enough arguments. */
3956 my_friendly_assert (parm_depth == arg_depth, 0);
3958 /* From here on, we're only interested in the most general
3960 template = gen_tmpl;
3962 /* Calculate the BOUND_ARGS. These will be the args that are
3963 actually tsubst'd into the definition to create the
3967 /* We have multiple levels of arguments to coerce, at once. */
3969 int saved_depth = TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (arglist);
3971 tree bound_args = make_tree_vec (parm_depth);
3973 for (i = saved_depth,
3974 t = DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (template);
3975 i > 0 && t != NULL_TREE;
3976 --i, t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
3978 tree a = coerce_template_parms (TREE_VALUE (t),
3980 complain, /*require_all_args=*/1);
3981 SET_TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (bound_args, i, a);
3983 /* We temporarily reduce the length of the ARGLIST so
3984 that coerce_template_parms will see only the arguments
3985 corresponding to the template parameters it is
3987 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (arglist)--;
3990 /* Restore the ARGLIST to its full size. */
3991 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (arglist) = saved_depth;
3993 arglist = bound_args;
3997 = coerce_template_parms (INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (parmlist),
3998 INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (arglist),
4000 complain, /*require_all_args=*/1);
4002 if (arglist == error_mark_node)
4003 /* We were unable to bind the arguments. */
4004 return error_mark_node;
4006 /* In the scope of a template class, explicit references to the
4007 template class refer to the type of the template, not any
4008 instantiation of it. For example, in:
4010 template <class T> class C { void f(C<T>); }
4012 the `C<T>' is just the same as `C'. Outside of the
4013 class, however, such a reference is an instantiation. */
4014 if (comp_template_args (TYPE_TI_ARGS (template_type),
4017 found = template_type;
4019 if (!entering_scope && PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (template))
4023 /* Note that we use DECL_CONTEXT, rather than
4024 CP_DECL_CONTEXT, so that the termination test is
4025 always just `ctx'. We're not interested in namespace
4027 for (ctx = current_class_type;
4029 ctx = (TYPE_P (ctx)) ? TYPE_CONTEXT (ctx) : DECL_CONTEXT (ctx))
4030 if (same_type_p (ctx, template_type))
4034 /* We're not in the scope of the class, so the
4035 TEMPLATE_TYPE is not the type we want after
4043 for (tp = &DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATIONS (template);
4045 tp = &TREE_CHAIN (*tp))
4046 if (comp_template_args (TREE_PURPOSE (*tp), arglist))
4050 /* Use the move-to-front heuristic to speed up future
4052 *tp = TREE_CHAIN (*tp);
4054 = DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATIONS (template);
4055 DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATIONS (template) = found;
4057 return TREE_VALUE (found);
4060 /* This type is a "partial instantiation" if any of the template
4061 arguments still involve template parameters. Note that we set
4062 IS_PARTIAL_INSTANTIATION for partial specializations as
4064 is_partial_instantiation = uses_template_parms (arglist);
4066 if (!is_partial_instantiation
4067 && !PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (template)
4068 && TREE_CODE (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (template)) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
4070 found = xref_tag_from_type (TREE_TYPE (template),
4071 DECL_NAME (template),
4076 context = tsubst (DECL_CONTEXT (template), arglist,
4077 /*complain=*/0, in_decl);
4079 context = global_namespace;
4081 /* Create the type. */
4082 if (TREE_CODE (template_type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
4084 if (!is_partial_instantiation)
4086 set_current_access_from_decl (TYPE_NAME (template_type));
4087 t = start_enum (TYPE_IDENTIFIER (template_type));
4090 /* We don't want to call start_enum for this type, since
4091 the values for the enumeration constants may involve
4092 template parameters. And, no one should be interested
4093 in the enumeration constants for such a type. */
4094 t = make_node (ENUMERAL_TYPE);
4098 t = make_aggr_type (TREE_CODE (template_type));
4099 CLASSTYPE_DECLARED_CLASS (t)
4100 = CLASSTYPE_DECLARED_CLASS (template_type);
4101 CLASSTYPE_GOT_SEMICOLON (t) = 1;
4102 SET_CLASSTYPE_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (t);
4103 TYPE_FOR_JAVA (t) = TYPE_FOR_JAVA (template_type);
4105 /* A local class. Make sure the decl gets registered properly. */
4106 if (context == current_function_decl)
4107 pushtag (DECL_NAME (template), t, 0);
4110 /* If we called start_enum or pushtag above, this information
4111 will already be set up. */
4114 TYPE_CONTEXT (t) = FROB_CONTEXT (context);
4116 type_decl = create_implicit_typedef (DECL_NAME (template), t);
4117 DECL_CONTEXT (type_decl) = TYPE_CONTEXT (t);
4118 TYPE_STUB_DECL (t) = type_decl;
4119 DECL_SOURCE_FILE (type_decl)
4120 = DECL_SOURCE_FILE (TYPE_STUB_DECL (template_type));
4121 DECL_SOURCE_LINE (type_decl)
4122 = DECL_SOURCE_LINE (TYPE_STUB_DECL (template_type));
4125 type_decl = TYPE_NAME (t);
4127 /* Set up the template information. We have to figure out which
4128 template is the immediate parent if this is a full
4130 if (parm_depth == 1 || is_partial_instantiation
4131 || !PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (template))
4132 /* This case is easy; there are no member templates involved. */
4136 /* This is a full instantiation of a member template. Look
4137 for a partial instantiation of which this is an instance. */
4139 for (found = DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATIONS (template);
4140 found; found = TREE_CHAIN (found))
4143 tree tmpl = CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (TREE_VALUE (found));
4145 /* We only want partial instantiations, here, not
4146 specializations or full instantiations. */
4147 if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (TREE_VALUE (found))
4148 || !uses_template_parms (TREE_VALUE (found)))
4151 /* Temporarily reduce by one the number of levels in the
4152 ARGLIST and in FOUND so as to avoid comparing the
4153 last set of arguments. */
4154 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (arglist)--;
4155 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (TREE_PURPOSE (found)) --;
4157 /* See if the arguments match. If they do, then TMPL is
4158 the partial instantiation we want. */
4159 success = comp_template_args (TREE_PURPOSE (found), arglist);
4161 /* Restore the argument vectors to their full size. */
4162 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (arglist)++;
4163 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (TREE_PURPOSE (found))++;
4174 /* There was no partial instantiation. This happens
4175 where C<T> is a member template of A<T> and it's used
4178 template <typename T> struct B { A<T>::C<int> m; };
4181 Create the partial instantiation.
4183 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (arglist)--;
4184 template = tsubst (template, arglist, /*complain=*/0, NULL_TREE);
4185 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (arglist)++;
4190 SET_TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (t, tree_cons (found, arglist, NULL_TREE));
4191 DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATIONS (template)
4192 = tree_cons (arglist, t,
4193 DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATIONS (template));
4195 if (TREE_CODE (t) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
4196 && !is_partial_instantiation)
4197 /* Now that the type has been registered on the instantiations
4198 list, we set up the enumerators. Because the enumeration
4199 constants may involve the enumeration type itself, we make
4200 sure to register the type first, and then create the
4201 constants. That way, doing tsubst_expr for the enumeration
4202 constants won't result in recursive calls here; we'll find
4203 the instantiation and exit above. */
4204 tsubst_enum (template_type, t, arglist);
4206 /* Reset the name of the type, now that CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO
4208 if (TREE_CODE (t) != ENUMERAL_TYPE)
4209 DECL_NAME (type_decl) = classtype_mangled_name (t);
4210 if (!is_partial_instantiation)
4212 /* For backwards compatibility; code that uses
4213 -fexternal-templates expects looking up a template to
4214 instantiate it. I think DDD still relies on this.
4215 (jason 8/20/1998) */
4216 if (TREE_CODE (t) != ENUMERAL_TYPE
4217 && flag_external_templates
4218 && CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (TREE_TYPE (template))
4219 && ! CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (TREE_TYPE (template)))
4220 add_pending_template (t);
4223 /* If the type makes use of template parameters, the
4224 code that generates debugging information will crash. */
4225 DECL_IGNORED_P (TYPE_STUB_DECL (t)) = 1;
4237 /* Called from for_each_template_parm via walk_tree. */
4240 for_each_template_parm_r (tp, walk_subtrees, d)
4246 struct pair_fn_data *pfd = (struct pair_fn_data *) d;
4247 tree_fn_t fn = pfd->fn;
4248 void *data = pfd->data;
4251 && for_each_template_parm (TYPE_CONTEXT (t), fn, data))
4252 return error_mark_node;
4254 switch (TREE_CODE (t))
4257 if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (t))
4263 if (!TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (t))
4265 else if (for_each_template_parm (TREE_VALUE (TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (t)),
4267 return error_mark_node;
4271 /* Since we're not going to walk subtrees, we have to do this
4273 if (for_each_template_parm (TYPE_METHOD_BASETYPE (t), fn, data))
4274 return error_mark_node;
4278 /* Check the return type. */
4279 if (for_each_template_parm (TREE_TYPE (t), fn, data))
4280 return error_mark_node;
4282 /* Check the parameter types. Since default arguments are not
4283 instantiated until they are needed, the TYPE_ARG_TYPES may
4284 contain expressions that involve template parameters. But,
4285 no-one should be looking at them yet. And, once they're
4286 instantiated, they don't contain template parameters, so
4287 there's no point in looking at them then, either. */
4291 for (parm = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (t); parm; parm = TREE_CHAIN (parm))
4292 if (for_each_template_parm (TREE_VALUE (parm), fn, data))
4293 return error_mark_node;
4295 /* Since we've already handled the TYPE_ARG_TYPES, we don't
4296 want walk_tree walking into them itself. */
4303 if (DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (t) && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (t)
4304 && for_each_template_parm (DECL_TI_ARGS (t), fn, data))
4305 return error_mark_node;
4310 if (DECL_CONTEXT (t)
4311 && for_each_template_parm (DECL_CONTEXT (t), fn, data))
4312 return error_mark_node;
4315 case BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
4316 /* Record template parameters such as `T' inside `TT<T>'. */
4317 if (for_each_template_parm (TYPE_TI_ARGS (t), fn, data))
4318 return error_mark_node;
4321 case TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
4322 case TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM:
4323 case TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX:
4324 if (fn && (*fn)(t, data))
4325 return error_mark_node;
4327 return error_mark_node;
4331 /* A template template parameter is encountered */
4332 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (t)
4333 && for_each_template_parm (TREE_TYPE (t), fn, data))
4334 return error_mark_node;
4336 /* Already substituted template template parameter */
4341 if (!fn || for_each_template_parm (TYPENAME_TYPE_FULLNAME (t), fn, data))
4342 return error_mark_node;
4346 if (TREE_TYPE (t) && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (TREE_TYPE (t))
4347 && for_each_template_parm (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE
4348 (TREE_TYPE (t)), fn, data))
4349 return error_mark_node;
4354 /* If there's no type, then this thing must be some expression
4355 involving template parameters. */
4356 if (!fn && !TREE_TYPE (t))
4357 return error_mark_node;
4362 case REINTERPRET_CAST_EXPR:
4363 case CONST_CAST_EXPR:
4364 case STATIC_CAST_EXPR:
4365 case DYNAMIC_CAST_EXPR:
4370 case PSEUDO_DTOR_EXPR:
4372 return error_mark_node;
4379 /* We didn't find any template parameters we liked. */
4383 /* For each TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM, TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM,
4384 BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM or TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX in T,
4385 call FN with the parameter and the DATA.
4386 If FN returns non-zero, the iteration is terminated, and
4387 for_each_template_parm returns 1. Otherwise, the iteration
4388 continues. If FN never returns a non-zero value, the value
4389 returned by for_each_template_parm is 0. If FN is NULL, it is
4390 considered to be the function which always returns 1. */
4393 for_each_template_parm (t, fn, data)
4398 struct pair_fn_data pfd;
4404 /* Walk the tree. (Conceptually, we would like to walk without
4405 duplicates, but for_each_template_parm_r recursively calls
4406 for_each_template_parm, so we would need to reorganize a fair
4407 bit to use walk_tree_without_duplicates.) */
4408 return walk_tree (&t,
4409 for_each_template_parm_r,
4415 uses_template_parms (t)
4418 return for_each_template_parm (t, 0, 0);
4421 static int tinst_depth;
4422 extern int max_tinst_depth;
4423 #ifdef GATHER_STATISTICS
4426 static int tinst_level_tick;
4427 static int last_template_error_tick;
4429 /* We're starting to instantiate D; record the template instantiation context
4430 for diagnostics and to restore it later. */
4433 push_tinst_level (d)
4438 if (tinst_depth >= max_tinst_depth)
4440 /* If the instantiation in question still has unbound template parms,
4441 we don't really care if we can't instantiate it, so just return.
4442 This happens with base instantiation for implicit `typename'. */
4443 if (uses_template_parms (d))
4446 last_template_error_tick = tinst_level_tick;
4447 cp_error ("template instantiation depth exceeds maximum of %d (use -ftemplate-depth-NN to increase the maximum) instantiating `%D'",
4448 max_tinst_depth, d);
4450 print_instantiation_context ();
4455 new = build_expr_wfl (d, input_filename, lineno, 0);
4456 TREE_CHAIN (new) = current_tinst_level;
4457 current_tinst_level = new;
4460 #ifdef GATHER_STATISTICS
4461 if (tinst_depth > depth_reached)
4462 depth_reached = tinst_depth;
4469 /* We're done instantiating this template; return to the instantiation
4475 tree old = current_tinst_level;
4477 /* Restore the filename and line number stashed away when we started
4478 this instantiation. */
4479 lineno = TINST_LINE (old);
4480 input_filename = TINST_FILE (old);
4481 extract_interface_info ();
4483 current_tinst_level = TREE_CHAIN (old);
4488 /* We're instantiating a deferred template; restore the template
4489 instantiation context in which the instantiation was requested, which
4490 is one step out from LEVEL. */
4493 reopen_tinst_level (level)
4499 for (t = level; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
4502 current_tinst_level = level;
4506 /* Return the outermost template instantiation context, for use with
4507 -falt-external-templates. */
4512 tree p = current_tinst_level;
4515 for (; TREE_CHAIN (p) ; p = TREE_CHAIN (p))
4520 /* DECL is a friend FUNCTION_DECL or TEMPLATE_DECL. ARGS is the
4521 vector of template arguments, as for tsubst.
4523 Returns an appropriate tsubst'd friend declaration. */
4526 tsubst_friend_function (decl, args)
4532 const char *file = input_filename;
4534 lineno = DECL_SOURCE_LINE (decl);
4535 input_filename = DECL_SOURCE_FILE (decl);
4537 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
4538 && DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (decl)
4539 && TREE_CODE (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl)) != TEMPLATE_DECL)
4540 /* This was a friend declared with an explicit template
4541 argument list, e.g.:
4545 to indicate that f was a template instantiation, not a new
4546 function declaration. Now, we have to figure out what
4547 instantiation of what template. */
4549 tree template_id, arglist, fns;
4552 tree ns = CP_DECL_CONTEXT (TYPE_MAIN_DECL (current_class_type));
4554 /* Friend functions are looked up in the containing namespace scope.
4555 We must enter that scope, to avoid finding member functions of the
4556 current cless with same name. */
4557 push_nested_namespace (ns);
4558 fns = tsubst_expr (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl), args,
4559 /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
4560 pop_nested_namespace (ns);
4561 arglist = tsubst (DECL_TI_ARGS (decl), args,
4562 /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
4563 template_id = lookup_template_function (fns, arglist);
4565 new_friend = tsubst (decl, args, /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
4566 tmpl = determine_specialization (template_id, new_friend,
4568 /*need_member_template=*/0);
4569 new_friend = instantiate_template (tmpl, new_args);
4573 new_friend = tsubst (decl, args, /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
4575 /* The NEW_FRIEND will look like an instantiation, to the
4576 compiler, but is not an instantiation from the point of view of
4577 the language. For example, we might have had:
4579 template <class T> struct S {
4580 template <class U> friend void f(T, U);
4583 Then, in S<int>, template <class U> void f(int, U) is not an
4584 instantiation of anything. */
4585 DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (new_friend) = 0;
4586 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
4588 DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (new_friend)) = 0;
4589 DECL_SAVED_TREE (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (new_friend))
4590 = DECL_SAVED_TREE (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (decl));
4593 /* The mangled name for the NEW_FRIEND is incorrect. The function
4594 is not a template instantiation and should not be mangled like
4595 one. Therefore, we forget the mangling here; we'll recompute it
4596 later if we need it. */
4597 if (TREE_CODE (new_friend) != TEMPLATE_DECL)
4599 SET_DECL_RTL (new_friend, NULL_RTX);
4600 SET_DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (new_friend, NULL_TREE);
4603 if (DECL_NAMESPACE_SCOPE_P (new_friend))
4606 tree new_friend_template_info;
4607 tree new_friend_result_template_info;
4609 int new_friend_is_defn;
4611 /* We must save some information from NEW_FRIEND before calling
4612 duplicate decls since that function will free NEW_FRIEND if
4614 new_friend_template_info = DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (new_friend);
4615 if (TREE_CODE (new_friend) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
4617 /* This declaration is a `primary' template. */
4618 DECL_PRIMARY_TEMPLATE (new_friend) = new_friend;
4621 = DECL_INITIAL (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (new_friend)) != NULL_TREE;
4622 new_friend_result_template_info
4623 = DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (new_friend));
4627 new_friend_is_defn = DECL_INITIAL (new_friend) != NULL_TREE;
4628 new_friend_result_template_info = NULL_TREE;
4631 /* Inside pushdecl_namespace_level, we will push into the
4632 current namespace. However, the friend function should go
4633 into the namespace of the template. */
4634 ns = decl_namespace_context (new_friend);
4635 push_nested_namespace (ns);
4636 old_decl = pushdecl_namespace_level (new_friend);
4637 pop_nested_namespace (ns);
4639 if (old_decl != new_friend)
4641 /* This new friend declaration matched an existing
4642 declaration. For example, given:
4644 template <class T> void f(T);
4645 template <class U> class C {
4646 template <class T> friend void f(T) {}
4649 the friend declaration actually provides the definition
4650 of `f', once C has been instantiated for some type. So,
4651 old_decl will be the out-of-class template declaration,
4652 while new_friend is the in-class definition.
4654 But, if `f' was called before this point, the
4655 instantiation of `f' will have DECL_TI_ARGS corresponding
4656 to `T' but not to `U', references to which might appear
4657 in the definition of `f'. Previously, the most general
4658 template for an instantiation of `f' was the out-of-class
4659 version; now it is the in-class version. Therefore, we
4660 run through all specialization of `f', adding to their
4661 DECL_TI_ARGS appropriately. In particular, they need a
4662 new set of outer arguments, corresponding to the
4663 arguments for this class instantiation.
4665 The same situation can arise with something like this:
4668 template <class T> class C {
4672 when `C<int>' is instantiated. Now, `f(int)' is defined
4675 if (!new_friend_is_defn)
4676 /* On the other hand, if the in-class declaration does
4677 *not* provide a definition, then we don't want to alter
4678 existing definitions. We can just leave everything
4683 /* Overwrite whatever template info was there before, if
4684 any, with the new template information pertaining to
4686 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (old_decl) = new_friend_template_info;
4688 if (TREE_CODE (old_decl) != TEMPLATE_DECL)
4689 /* duplicate_decls will take care of this case. */
4694 tree new_friend_args;
4696 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (old_decl))
4697 = new_friend_result_template_info;
4699 new_friend_args = TI_ARGS (new_friend_template_info);
4700 for (t = DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (old_decl);
4704 tree spec = TREE_VALUE (t);
4707 = add_outermost_template_args (new_friend_args,
4708 DECL_TI_ARGS (spec));
4711 /* Now, since specializations are always supposed to
4712 hang off of the most general template, we must move
4714 t = most_general_template (old_decl);
4717 DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (t)
4718 = chainon (DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (t),
4719 DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (old_decl));
4720 DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (old_decl) = NULL_TREE;
4725 /* The information from NEW_FRIEND has been merged into OLD_DECL
4726 by duplicate_decls. */
4727 new_friend = old_decl;
4730 else if (COMPLETE_TYPE_P (DECL_CONTEXT (new_friend)))
4732 /* Check to see that the declaration is really present, and,
4733 possibly obtain an improved declaration. */
4734 tree fn = check_classfn (DECL_CONTEXT (new_friend),
4743 input_filename = file;
4747 /* FRIEND_TMPL is a friend TEMPLATE_DECL. ARGS is the vector of
4748 template arguments, as for tsubst.
4750 Returns an appropriate tsubst'd friend type or error_mark_node on
4754 tsubst_friend_class (friend_tmpl, args)
4761 /* First, we look for a class template. */
4762 tmpl = lookup_name (DECL_NAME (friend_tmpl), /*prefer_type=*/0);
4764 /* But, if we don't find one, it might be because we're in a
4765 situation like this:
4773 Here, in the scope of (say) S<int>, `S' is bound to a TYPE_DECL
4774 for `S<int>', not the TEMPLATE_DECL. */
4775 if (!tmpl || !DECL_CLASS_TEMPLATE_P (tmpl))
4777 tmpl = lookup_name (DECL_NAME (friend_tmpl), /*prefer_type=*/1);
4778 tmpl = maybe_get_template_decl_from_type_decl (tmpl);
4781 if (tmpl && DECL_CLASS_TEMPLATE_P (tmpl))
4783 /* The friend template has already been declared. Just
4784 check to see that the declarations match, and install any new
4785 default parameters. We must tsubst the default parameters,
4786 of course. We only need the innermost template parameters
4787 because that is all that redeclare_class_template will look
4790 = tsubst_template_parms (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (friend_tmpl),
4791 args, /*complain=*/1);
4793 return error_mark_node;
4794 redeclare_class_template (TREE_TYPE (tmpl), parms);
4795 friend_type = TREE_TYPE (tmpl);
4799 /* The friend template has not already been declared. In this
4800 case, the instantiation of the template class will cause the
4801 injection of this template into the global scope. */
4802 tmpl = tsubst (friend_tmpl, args, /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
4804 /* The new TMPL is not an instantiation of anything, so we
4805 forget its origins. We don't reset CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE for
4806 the new type because that is supposed to be the corresponding
4807 template decl, i.e., TMPL. */
4808 DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (tmpl) = 0;
4809 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (tmpl) = NULL_TREE;
4810 CLASSTYPE_USE_TEMPLATE (TREE_TYPE (tmpl)) = 0;
4812 /* Inject this template into the global scope. */
4813 friend_type = TREE_TYPE (pushdecl_top_level (tmpl));
4820 instantiate_class_template (type)
4823 tree template, args, pattern, t;
4826 if (type == error_mark_node)
4827 return error_mark_node;
4829 if (TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (type) || COMPLETE_TYPE_P (type))
4832 /* Figure out which template is being instantiated. */
4833 template = most_general_template (CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (type));
4834 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (template) == TEMPLATE_DECL, 279);
4836 /* Figure out which arguments are being used to do the
4838 args = CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (type);
4839 PARTIAL_INSTANTIATION_P (type) = uses_template_parms (args);
4841 if (pedantic && PARTIAL_INSTANTIATION_P (type))
4842 /* If this is a partial instantiation, then we can't instantiate
4843 the type; there's no telling whether or not one of the
4844 template parameters might eventually be instantiated to some
4845 value that results in a specialization being used. For
4857 Now, the `S<U>' in `f<int>' is the specialization, not an
4858 instantiation of the original template. */
4861 /* Determine what specialization of the original template to
4863 if (PARTIAL_INSTANTIATION_P (type))
4864 /* There's no telling which specialization is appropriate at this
4865 point. Since all peeking at the innards of this partial
4866 instantiation are extensions (like the "implicit typename"
4867 extension, which allows users to omit the keyword `typename' on
4868 names that are declared as types in template base classes), we
4869 are free to do what we please.
4871 Trying to figure out which partial instantiation to use can
4872 cause a crash. (Some of the template arguments don't even have
4873 types.) So, we just use the most general version. */
4877 t = most_specialized_class (template, args);
4879 if (t == error_mark_node)
4881 const char *str = "candidates are:";
4882 cp_error ("ambiguous class template instantiation for `%#T'", type);
4883 for (t = DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (template); t;
4886 if (get_class_bindings (TREE_VALUE (t), TREE_PURPOSE (t),
4889 cp_error_at ("%s %+#T", str, TREE_TYPE (t));
4893 TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (type) = 1;
4894 return error_mark_node;
4899 pattern = TREE_TYPE (t);
4901 pattern = TREE_TYPE (template);
4903 /* If the template we're instantiating is incomplete, then clearly
4904 there's nothing we can do. */
4905 if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (pattern))
4908 /* If this is a partial instantiation, don't tsubst anything. We will
4909 only use this type for implicit typename, so the actual contents don't
4910 matter. All that matters is whether a particular name is a type. */
4911 if (PARTIAL_INSTANTIATION_P (type))
4913 /* The fields set here must be kept in sync with those cleared
4914 in begin_class_definition. */
4915 TYPE_BINFO_BASETYPES (type) = TYPE_BINFO_BASETYPES (pattern);
4916 TYPE_FIELDS (type) = TYPE_FIELDS (pattern);
4917 TYPE_METHODS (type) = TYPE_METHODS (pattern);
4918 CLASSTYPE_TAGS (type) = CLASSTYPE_TAGS (pattern);
4919 CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (type) = CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (pattern);
4921 /* Pretend that the type is complete, so that we will look
4922 inside it during name lookup and such. */
4923 TYPE_SIZE (type) = bitsize_zero_node;
4927 /* If we've recursively instantiated too many templates, stop. */
4928 if (! push_tinst_level (type))
4931 /* Now we're really doing the instantiation. Mark the type as in
4932 the process of being defined. */
4933 TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (type) = 1;
4935 maybe_push_to_top_level (uses_template_parms (type));
4939 /* This TYPE is actually a instantiation of of a partial
4940 specialization. We replace the innermost set of ARGS with
4941 the arguments appropriate for substitution. For example,
4944 template <class T> struct S {};
4945 template <class T> struct S<T*> {};
4947 and supposing that we are instantiating S<int*>, ARGS will
4948 present be {int*} but we need {int}. */
4950 = get_class_bindings (TREE_VALUE (t), TREE_PURPOSE (t),
4953 /* If there were multiple levels in ARGS, replacing the
4954 innermost level would alter CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS, which we don't
4955 want, so we make a copy first. */
4956 if (TMPL_ARGS_HAVE_MULTIPLE_LEVELS (args))
4958 args = copy_node (args);
4959 SET_TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (args, TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args), inner_args);
4965 if (flag_external_templates)
4967 if (flag_alt_external_templates)
4969 CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (type) = interface_only;
4970 SET_CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_UNKNOWN_X (type, interface_unknown);
4974 CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (type) = CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (pattern);
4975 SET_CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_UNKNOWN_X
4976 (type, CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_UNKNOWN (pattern));
4981 SET_CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_UNKNOWN (type);
4984 TYPE_HAS_CONSTRUCTOR (type) = TYPE_HAS_CONSTRUCTOR (pattern);
4985 TYPE_HAS_DESTRUCTOR (type) = TYPE_HAS_DESTRUCTOR (pattern);
4986 TYPE_OVERLOADS_CALL_EXPR (type) = TYPE_OVERLOADS_CALL_EXPR (pattern);
4987 TYPE_OVERLOADS_ARRAY_REF (type) = TYPE_OVERLOADS_ARRAY_REF (pattern);
4988 TYPE_OVERLOADS_ARROW (type) = TYPE_OVERLOADS_ARROW (pattern);
4989 TYPE_HAS_NEW_OPERATOR (type) = TYPE_HAS_NEW_OPERATOR (pattern);
4990 TYPE_HAS_ARRAY_NEW_OPERATOR (type) = TYPE_HAS_ARRAY_NEW_OPERATOR (pattern);
4991 TYPE_GETS_DELETE (type) = TYPE_GETS_DELETE (pattern);
4992 TYPE_VEC_DELETE_TAKES_SIZE (type) = TYPE_VEC_DELETE_TAKES_SIZE (pattern);
4993 TYPE_HAS_ASSIGN_REF (type) = TYPE_HAS_ASSIGN_REF (pattern);
4994 TYPE_HAS_CONST_ASSIGN_REF (type) = TYPE_HAS_CONST_ASSIGN_REF (pattern);
4995 TYPE_HAS_ABSTRACT_ASSIGN_REF (type) = TYPE_HAS_ABSTRACT_ASSIGN_REF (pattern);
4996 TYPE_HAS_INIT_REF (type) = TYPE_HAS_INIT_REF (pattern);
4997 TYPE_HAS_CONST_INIT_REF (type) = TYPE_HAS_CONST_INIT_REF (pattern);
4998 TYPE_HAS_DEFAULT_CONSTRUCTOR (type) = TYPE_HAS_DEFAULT_CONSTRUCTOR (pattern);
4999 TYPE_HAS_CONVERSION (type) = TYPE_HAS_CONVERSION (pattern);
5000 TYPE_BASE_CONVS_MAY_REQUIRE_CODE_P (type)
5001 = TYPE_BASE_CONVS_MAY_REQUIRE_CODE_P (pattern);
5002 TYPE_USES_MULTIPLE_INHERITANCE (type)
5003 = TYPE_USES_MULTIPLE_INHERITANCE (pattern);
5004 TYPE_USES_VIRTUAL_BASECLASSES (type)
5005 = TYPE_USES_VIRTUAL_BASECLASSES (pattern);
5006 TYPE_PACKED (type) = TYPE_PACKED (pattern);
5007 TYPE_ALIGN (type) = TYPE_ALIGN (pattern);
5008 TYPE_USER_ALIGN (type) = TYPE_USER_ALIGN (pattern);
5009 TYPE_FOR_JAVA (type) = TYPE_FOR_JAVA (pattern); /* For libjava's JArray<T> */
5010 if (ANON_AGGR_TYPE_P (pattern))
5011 SET_ANON_AGGR_TYPE_P (type);
5013 if (TYPE_BINFO_BASETYPES (pattern))
5015 tree base_list = NULL_TREE;
5016 tree pbases = TYPE_BINFO_BASETYPES (pattern);
5019 /* Substitute into each of the bases to determine the actual
5021 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (pbases); ++i)
5027 pbase = TREE_VEC_ELT (pbases, i);
5029 /* Substitute to figure out the base class. */
5030 base = tsubst (BINFO_TYPE (pbase), args,
5031 /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
5032 if (base == error_mark_node)
5035 /* Calculate the correct access node. */
5036 if (TREE_VIA_VIRTUAL (pbase))
5038 if (TREE_VIA_PUBLIC (pbase))
5039 access = access_public_virtual_node;
5040 else if (TREE_VIA_PROTECTED (pbase))
5041 access = access_protected_virtual_node;
5043 access = access_private_virtual_node;
5047 if (TREE_VIA_PUBLIC (pbase))
5048 access = access_public_node;
5049 else if (TREE_VIA_PROTECTED (pbase))
5050 access = access_protected_node;
5052 access = access_private_node;
5055 base_list = tree_cons (access, base, base_list);
5058 /* The list is now in reverse order; correct that. */
5059 base_list = nreverse (base_list);
5061 /* Now call xref_basetypes to set up all the base-class
5063 xref_basetypes (TREE_CODE (pattern) == RECORD_TYPE
5064 ? (CLASSTYPE_DECLARED_CLASS (pattern)
5065 ? class_type_node : record_type_node)
5067 DECL_NAME (TYPE_NAME (pattern)),
5072 /* Now that our base classes are set up, enter the scope of the
5073 class, so that name lookups into base classes, etc. will work
5074 correctly. This is precisely analogous to what we do in
5075 begin_class_definition when defining an ordinary non-template
5077 pushclass (type, 1);
5079 for (t = CLASSTYPE_TAGS (pattern); t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
5081 tree tag = TREE_VALUE (t);
5082 tree name = TYPE_IDENTIFIER (tag);
5085 newtag = tsubst (tag, args, /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
5086 my_friendly_assert (newtag != error_mark_node, 20010206);
5087 if (TREE_CODE (newtag) != ENUMERAL_TYPE)
5089 if (TYPE_LANG_SPECIFIC (tag) && CLASSTYPE_IS_TEMPLATE (tag))
5090 /* Unfortunately, lookup_template_class sets
5091 CLASSTYPE_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION for a partial
5092 instantiation (i.e., for the type of a member template
5093 class nested within a template class.) This behavior is
5094 required for maybe_process_partial_specialization to work
5095 correctly, but is not accurate in this case; the TAG is not
5096 an instantiation of anything. (The corresponding
5097 TEMPLATE_DECL is an instantiation, but the TYPE is not.) */
5098 CLASSTYPE_USE_TEMPLATE (newtag) = 0;
5100 /* Now, we call pushtag to put this NEWTAG into the scope of
5101 TYPE. We first set up the IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE to avoid
5102 pushtag calling push_template_decl. We don't have to do
5103 this for enums because it will already have been done in
5106 SET_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (name, newtag);
5107 pushtag (name, newtag, /*globalize=*/0);
5111 /* Don't replace enum constants here. */
5112 for (t = TYPE_FIELDS (pattern); t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
5113 if (TREE_CODE (t) != CONST_DECL)
5117 /* The the file and line for this declaration, to assist in
5118 error message reporting. Since we called push_tinst_level
5119 above, we don't need to restore these. */
5120 lineno = DECL_SOURCE_LINE (t);
5121 input_filename = DECL_SOURCE_FILE (t);
5123 r = tsubst (t, args, /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
5124 if (TREE_CODE (r) == VAR_DECL)
5128 if (DECL_INITIALIZED_IN_CLASS_P (r))
5129 init = tsubst_expr (DECL_INITIAL (t), args,
5130 /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
5134 finish_static_data_member_decl (r, init,
5135 /*asmspec_tree=*/NULL_TREE,
5138 if (DECL_INITIALIZED_IN_CLASS_P (r))
5139 check_static_variable_definition (r, TREE_TYPE (r));
5142 /* R will have a TREE_CHAIN if and only if it has already been
5143 processed by finish_member_declaration. This can happen
5144 if, for example, it is a TYPE_DECL for a class-scoped
5145 ENUMERAL_TYPE; such a thing will already have been added to
5146 the field list by tsubst_enum above. */
5147 if (!TREE_CHAIN (r))
5149 set_current_access_from_decl (r);
5150 finish_member_declaration (r);
5154 /* Set up the list (TYPE_METHODS) and vector (CLASSTYPE_METHOD_VEC)
5155 for this instantiation. */
5156 for (t = TYPE_METHODS (pattern); t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
5158 tree r = tsubst (t, args, /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
5159 set_current_access_from_decl (r);
5160 finish_member_declaration (r);
5163 /* Construct the DECL_FRIENDLIST for the new class type. */
5164 typedecl = TYPE_MAIN_DECL (type);
5165 for (t = DECL_FRIENDLIST (TYPE_MAIN_DECL (pattern));
5171 for (friends = TREE_VALUE (t);
5172 friends != NULL_TREE;
5173 friends = TREE_CHAIN (friends))
5174 if (TREE_PURPOSE (friends) == error_mark_node)
5176 tsubst_friend_function (TREE_VALUE (friends),
5179 my_friendly_abort (20000216);
5182 for (t = CLASSTYPE_FRIEND_CLASSES (pattern);
5186 tree friend_type = TREE_VALUE (t);
5187 tree new_friend_type;
5189 if (TREE_CODE (friend_type) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
5190 new_friend_type = tsubst_friend_class (friend_type, args);
5191 else if (uses_template_parms (friend_type))
5192 new_friend_type = tsubst (friend_type, args, /*complain=*/1,
5196 tree ns = decl_namespace_context (TYPE_MAIN_DECL (friend_type));
5198 /* The call to xref_tag_from_type does injection for friend
5200 push_nested_namespace (ns);
5202 xref_tag_from_type (friend_type, NULL_TREE, 1);
5203 pop_nested_namespace (ns);
5206 if (TREE_CODE (friend_type) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
5207 /* Trick make_friend_class into realizing that the friend
5208 we're adding is a template, not an ordinary class. It's
5209 important that we use make_friend_class since it will
5210 perform some error-checking and output cross-reference
5212 ++processing_template_decl;
5214 if (new_friend_type != error_mark_node)
5215 make_friend_class (type, new_friend_type);
5217 if (TREE_CODE (friend_type) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
5218 --processing_template_decl;
5221 for (t = TYPE_FIELDS (type); t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
5222 if (TREE_CODE (t) == FIELD_DECL)
5224 TREE_TYPE (t) = complete_type (TREE_TYPE (t));
5225 require_complete_type (t);
5228 /* Set the file and line number information to whatever is given for
5229 the class itself. This puts error messages involving generated
5230 implicit functions at a predictable point, and the same point
5231 that would be used for non-template classes. */
5232 lineno = DECL_SOURCE_LINE (typedecl);
5233 input_filename = DECL_SOURCE_FILE (typedecl);
5235 unreverse_member_declarations (type);
5236 finish_struct_1 (type);
5237 CLASSTYPE_GOT_SEMICOLON (type) = 1;
5239 /* Clear this now so repo_template_used is happy. */
5240 TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (type) = 0;
5241 repo_template_used (type);
5243 /* Now that the class is complete, instantiate default arguments for
5244 any member functions. We don't do this earlier because the
5245 default arguments may reference members of the class. */
5246 if (!PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (template))
5247 for (t = TYPE_METHODS (type); t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
5248 if (TREE_CODE (t) == FUNCTION_DECL
5249 /* Implicitly generated member functions will not have template
5250 information; they are not instantiations, but instead are
5251 created "fresh" for each instantiation. */
5252 && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (t))
5253 tsubst_default_arguments (t);
5256 pop_from_top_level ();
5266 if (t1 == NULL_TREE)
5267 return t2 == NULL_TREE;
5268 if (t2 == NULL_TREE)
5270 /* Don't care if one declares its arg const and the other doesn't -- the
5271 main variant of the arg type is all that matters. */
5272 if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_VALUE (t1))
5273 != TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_VALUE (t2)))
5275 return list_eq (TREE_CHAIN (t1), TREE_CHAIN (t2));
5278 /* If arg is a non-type template parameter that does not depend on template
5279 arguments, fold it like we weren't in the body of a template. */
5282 maybe_fold_nontype_arg (arg)
5285 /* If we're not in a template, ARG is already as simple as it's going to
5286 get, and trying to reprocess the trees will break. */
5287 if (! processing_template_decl)
5290 if (!TYPE_P (arg) && !uses_template_parms (arg))
5292 /* Sometimes, one of the args was an expression involving a
5293 template constant parameter, like N - 1. Now that we've
5294 tsubst'd, we might have something like 2 - 1. This will
5295 confuse lookup_template_class, so we do constant folding
5296 here. We have to unset processing_template_decl, to
5297 fool build_expr_from_tree() into building an actual
5300 int saved_processing_template_decl = processing_template_decl;
5301 processing_template_decl = 0;
5302 arg = fold (build_expr_from_tree (arg));
5303 processing_template_decl = saved_processing_template_decl;
5308 /* Substitute ARGS into the vector of template arguments T. */
5311 tsubst_template_arg_vector (t, args, complain)
5316 int len = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (t), need_new = 0, i;
5317 tree *elts = (tree *) alloca (len * sizeof (tree));
5319 memset ((char *) elts, 0, len * sizeof (tree));
5321 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
5323 if (TREE_VEC_ELT (t, i) != NULL_TREE
5324 && TREE_CODE (TREE_VEC_ELT (t, i)) == TREE_VEC)
5325 elts[i] = tsubst_template_arg_vector (TREE_VEC_ELT (t, i),
5328 elts[i] = maybe_fold_nontype_arg
5329 (tsubst_expr (TREE_VEC_ELT (t, i), args, complain,
5332 if (elts[i] == error_mark_node)
5333 return error_mark_node;
5335 if (elts[i] != TREE_VEC_ELT (t, i))
5342 t = make_tree_vec (len);
5343 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
5344 TREE_VEC_ELT (t, i) = elts[i];
5349 /* Return the result of substituting ARGS into the template parameters
5350 given by PARMS. If there are m levels of ARGS and m + n levels of
5351 PARMS, then the result will contain n levels of PARMS. For
5352 example, if PARMS is `template <class T> template <class U>
5353 template <T*, U, class V>' and ARGS is {{int}, {double}} then the
5354 result will be `template <int*, double, class V>'. */
5357 tsubst_template_parms (parms, args, complain)
5365 for (new_parms = &r;
5366 TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (parms) > TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args);
5367 new_parms = &(TREE_CHAIN (*new_parms)),
5368 parms = TREE_CHAIN (parms))
5371 make_tree_vec (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (TREE_VALUE (parms)));
5374 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (new_vec); ++i)
5376 tree default_value =
5377 TREE_PURPOSE (TREE_VEC_ELT (TREE_VALUE (parms), i));
5379 TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (TREE_VALUE (parms), i));
5381 TREE_VEC_ELT (new_vec, i)
5382 = build_tree_list (tsubst (default_value, args, complain,
5384 tsubst (parm_decl, args, complain,
5389 tree_cons (size_int (TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (parms)
5390 - TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args)),
5391 new_vec, NULL_TREE);
5397 /* Substitute the ARGS into the indicated aggregate (or enumeration)
5398 type T. If T is not an aggregate or enumeration type, it is
5399 handled as if by tsubst. IN_DECL is as for tsubst. If
5400 ENTERING_SCOPE is non-zero, T is the context for a template which
5401 we are presently tsubst'ing. Return the substituted value. */
5404 tsubst_aggr_type (t, args, complain, in_decl, entering_scope)
5414 switch (TREE_CODE (t))
5417 if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (t))
5419 tree r = build_ptrmemfunc_type
5420 (tsubst (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl));
5421 return cp_build_qualified_type_real (r, TYPE_QUALS (t),
5425 /* else fall through */
5428 if (TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (t))
5434 /* First, determine the context for the type we are looking
5436 if (TYPE_CONTEXT (t) != NULL_TREE)
5437 context = tsubst_aggr_type (TYPE_CONTEXT (t), args,
5439 in_decl, /*entering_scope=*/1);
5441 context = NULL_TREE;
5443 /* Then, figure out what arguments are appropriate for the
5444 type we are trying to find. For example, given:
5446 template <class T> struct S;
5447 template <class T, class U> void f(T, U) { S<U> su; }
5449 and supposing that we are instantiating f<int, double>,
5450 then our ARGS will be {int, double}, but, when looking up
5451 S we only want {double}. */
5452 argvec = tsubst_template_arg_vector (TYPE_TI_ARGS (t), args,
5454 if (argvec == error_mark_node)
5455 return error_mark_node;
5457 r = lookup_template_class (t, argvec, in_decl, context,
5458 entering_scope, complain);
5460 return cp_build_qualified_type_real (r, TYPE_QUALS (t),
5464 /* This is not a template type, so there's nothing to do. */
5468 return tsubst (t, args, complain, in_decl);
5472 /* Substitute into the default argument ARG (a default argument for
5473 FN), which has the indicated TYPE. */
5476 tsubst_default_argument (fn, type, arg)
5481 /* This default argument came from a template. Instantiate the
5482 default argument here, not in tsubst. In the case of
5491 we must be careful to do name lookup in the scope of S<T>,
5492 rather than in the current class. */
5493 if (DECL_CLASS_SCOPE_P (fn))
5494 pushclass (DECL_CONTEXT (fn), 2);
5496 arg = tsubst_expr (arg, DECL_TI_ARGS (fn), /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
5498 if (DECL_CLASS_SCOPE_P (fn))
5501 /* Make sure the default argument is reasonable. */
5502 arg = check_default_argument (type, arg);
5507 /* Substitute into all the default arguments for FN. */
5510 tsubst_default_arguments (fn)
5516 tmpl_args = DECL_TI_ARGS (fn);
5518 /* If this function is not yet instantiated, we certainly don't need
5519 its default arguments. */
5520 if (uses_template_parms (tmpl_args))
5523 for (arg = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fn));
5525 arg = TREE_CHAIN (arg))
5526 if (TREE_PURPOSE (arg))
5527 TREE_PURPOSE (arg) = tsubst_default_argument (fn,
5529 TREE_PURPOSE (arg));
5532 /* Substitute the ARGS into the T, which is a _DECL. TYPE is the
5533 (already computed) substitution of ARGS into TREE_TYPE (T), if
5534 appropriate. Return the result of the substitution. */
5537 tsubst_decl (t, args, type)
5543 const char *saved_filename;
5547 /* Set the filename and linenumber to improve error-reporting. */
5548 saved_lineno = lineno;
5549 saved_filename = input_filename;
5550 lineno = DECL_SOURCE_LINE (t);
5551 input_filename = DECL_SOURCE_FILE (t);
5553 switch (TREE_CODE (t))
5557 /* We can get here when processing a member template function
5558 of a template class. */
5559 tree decl = DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (t);
5561 int is_template_template_parm = DECL_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (t);
5563 if (!is_template_template_parm)
5565 /* We might already have an instance of this template.
5566 The ARGS are for the surrounding class type, so the
5567 full args contain the tsubst'd args for the context,
5568 plus the innermost args from the template decl. */
5569 tree tmpl_args = DECL_CLASS_TEMPLATE_P (t)
5570 ? CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (TREE_TYPE (t))
5571 : DECL_TI_ARGS (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (t));
5574 full_args = tsubst_template_arg_vector (tmpl_args, args,
5577 /* tsubst_template_arg_vector doesn't copy the vector if
5578 nothing changed. But, *something* should have
5580 my_friendly_assert (full_args != tmpl_args, 0);
5582 spec = retrieve_specialization (t, full_args);
5583 if (spec != NULL_TREE)
5590 /* Make a new template decl. It will be similar to the
5591 original, but will record the current template arguments.
5592 We also create a new function declaration, which is just
5593 like the old one, but points to this new template, rather
5594 than the old one. */
5596 my_friendly_assert (DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (r) != 0, 0);
5597 TREE_CHAIN (r) = NULL_TREE;
5599 if (is_template_template_parm)
5601 tree new_decl = tsubst (decl, args, /*complain=*/1, in_decl);
5602 DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (r) = new_decl;
5603 TREE_TYPE (r) = TREE_TYPE (new_decl);
5608 = tsubst_aggr_type (DECL_CONTEXT (t), args,
5609 /*complain=*/1, in_decl,
5610 /*entering_scope=*/1);
5611 DECL_VIRTUAL_CONTEXT (r)
5612 = tsubst_aggr_type (DECL_VIRTUAL_CONTEXT (t), args,
5613 /*complain=*/1, in_decl,
5614 /*entering_scope=*/1);
5615 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (r) = build_tree_list (t, args);
5617 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL)
5619 tree new_type = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args,
5620 /*complain=*/1, in_decl);
5621 TREE_TYPE (r) = new_type;
5622 CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (new_type) = r;
5623 DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (r) = TYPE_MAIN_DECL (new_type);
5624 DECL_TI_ARGS (r) = CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (new_type);
5628 tree new_decl = tsubst (decl, args, /*complain=*/1, in_decl);
5630 DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (r) = new_decl;
5631 DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (new_decl) = r;
5632 TREE_TYPE (r) = TREE_TYPE (new_decl);
5633 DECL_TI_ARGS (r) = DECL_TI_ARGS (new_decl);
5636 SET_DECL_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (r);
5637 DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATIONS (r) = NULL_TREE;
5638 DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (r) = NULL_TREE;
5640 /* The template parameters for this new template are all the
5641 template parameters for the old template, except the
5642 outermost level of parameters. */
5643 DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (r)
5644 = tsubst_template_parms (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (t), args,
5647 if (PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (t))
5648 DECL_PRIMARY_TEMPLATE (r) = r;
5650 /* We don't partially instantiate partial specializations. */
5651 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL)
5654 /* Record this partial instantiation. */
5655 register_specialization (r, t,
5656 DECL_TI_ARGS (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (r)));
5664 tree argvec = NULL_TREE;
5671 /* Nobody should be tsubst'ing into non-template functions. */
5672 my_friendly_assert (DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (t) != NULL_TREE, 0);
5674 if (TREE_CODE (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (t)) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
5678 /* Calculate the most general template of which R is a
5679 specialization, and the complete set of arguments used to
5681 gen_tmpl = most_general_template (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (t));
5683 = tsubst_template_arg_vector (DECL_TI_ARGS
5684 (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (gen_tmpl)),
5685 args, /*complain=*/1);
5687 /* Check to see if we already have this specialization. */
5688 spec = retrieve_specialization (gen_tmpl, argvec);
5696 /* We can see more levels of arguments than parameters if
5697 there was a specialization of a member template, like
5700 template <class T> struct S { template <class U> void f(); }
5701 template <> template <class U> void S<int>::f(U);
5703 Here, we'll be substituting into the specialization,
5704 because that's where we can find the code we actually
5705 want to generate, but we'll have enough arguments for
5706 the most general template.
5708 We also deal with the peculiar case:
5710 template <class T> struct S {
5711 template <class U> friend void f();
5713 template <class U> void f() {}
5715 template void f<double>();
5717 Here, the ARGS for the instantiation of will be {int,
5718 double}. But, we only need as many ARGS as there are
5719 levels of template parameters in CODE_PATTERN. We are
5720 careful not to get fooled into reducing the ARGS in
5723 template <class T> struct S { template <class U> void f(U); }
5724 template <class T> template <> void S<T>::f(int) {}
5726 which we can spot because the pattern will be a
5727 specialization in this case. */
5728 args_depth = TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args);
5730 TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (t)));
5731 if (args_depth > parms_depth
5732 && !DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (t))
5733 args = get_innermost_template_args (args, parms_depth);
5737 /* This special case arises when we have something like this:
5739 template <class T> struct S {
5740 friend void f<int>(int, double);
5743 Here, the DECL_TI_TEMPLATE for the friend declaration
5744 will be a LOOKUP_EXPR or an IDENTIFIER_NODE. We are
5745 being called from tsubst_friend_function, and we want
5746 only to create a new decl (R) with appropriate types so
5747 that we can call determine_specialization. */
5748 my_friendly_assert ((TREE_CODE (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (t))
5750 || (TREE_CODE (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (t))
5751 == IDENTIFIER_NODE), 0);
5752 gen_tmpl = NULL_TREE;
5755 if (DECL_CLASS_SCOPE_P (t))
5757 if (DECL_NAME (t) == constructor_name (DECL_CONTEXT (t)))
5761 ctx = tsubst_aggr_type (DECL_CONTEXT (t), args,
5763 /*entering_scope=*/1);
5768 ctx = DECL_CONTEXT (t);
5770 type = tsubst (type, args, /*complain=*/1, in_decl);
5771 if (type == error_mark_node)
5772 return error_mark_node;
5774 /* We do NOT check for matching decls pushed separately at this
5775 point, as they may not represent instantiations of this
5776 template, and in any case are considered separate under the
5779 DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (r) = 0;
5780 TREE_TYPE (r) = type;
5781 /* Clear out the mangled name and RTL for the instantiation. */
5782 SET_DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (r, NULL_TREE);
5783 SET_DECL_RTL (r, NULL_RTX);
5785 DECL_CONTEXT (r) = ctx;
5786 DECL_VIRTUAL_CONTEXT (r)
5787 = tsubst_aggr_type (DECL_VIRTUAL_CONTEXT (t), args,
5789 /*entering_scope=*/1);
5791 if (member && DECL_CONV_FN_P (r))
5792 /* Type-conversion operator. Reconstruct the name, in
5793 case it's the name of one of the template's parameters. */
5794 DECL_NAME (r) = mangle_conv_op_name_for_type (TREE_TYPE (type));
5796 DECL_ARGUMENTS (r) = tsubst (DECL_ARGUMENTS (t), args,
5798 DECL_RESULT (r) = NULL_TREE;
5800 TREE_STATIC (r) = 0;
5801 TREE_PUBLIC (r) = TREE_PUBLIC (t);
5802 DECL_EXTERNAL (r) = 1;
5803 DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (r) = 0;
5804 DECL_DEFER_OUTPUT (r) = 0;
5805 TREE_CHAIN (r) = NULL_TREE;
5806 DECL_PENDING_INLINE_INFO (r) = 0;
5807 DECL_PENDING_INLINE_P (r) = 0;
5808 DECL_SAVED_TREE (r) = NULL_TREE;
5810 if (DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION (r))
5812 DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION (r) = tsubst (DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION (t),
5813 args, /*complain=*/1, t);
5814 TREE_CHAIN (r) = TREE_CHAIN (DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION (r));
5815 TREE_CHAIN (DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION (r)) = r;
5818 /* Set up the DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO for R. There's no need to do
5819 this in the special friend case mentioned above where
5820 GEN_TMPL is NULL. */
5823 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (r)
5824 = tree_cons (gen_tmpl, argvec, NULL_TREE);
5825 SET_DECL_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (r);
5826 register_specialization (r, gen_tmpl, argvec);
5828 /* We're not supposed to instantiate default arguments
5829 until they are called, for a template. But, for a
5832 template <class T> void f ()
5833 { extern void g(int i = T()); }
5835 we should do the substitution when the template is
5836 instantiated. We handle the member function case in
5837 instantiate_class_template since the default arguments
5838 might refer to other members of the class. */
5840 && !PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (gen_tmpl)
5841 && !uses_template_parms (argvec))
5842 tsubst_default_arguments (r);
5845 /* Copy the list of befriending classes. */
5846 for (friends = &DECL_BEFRIENDING_CLASSES (r);
5848 friends = &TREE_CHAIN (*friends))
5850 *friends = copy_node (*friends);
5851 TREE_VALUE (*friends) = tsubst (TREE_VALUE (*friends),
5852 args, /*complain=*/1,
5856 if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (r) || DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (r))
5858 maybe_retrofit_in_chrg (r);
5859 if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (r))
5860 grok_ctor_properties (ctx, r);
5861 /* If this is an instantiation of a member template, clone it.
5862 If it isn't, that'll be handled by
5863 clone_constructors_and_destructors. */
5864 if (PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (gen_tmpl))
5865 clone_function_decl(r, /*update_method_vec_p=*/0);
5867 else if (IDENTIFIER_OPNAME_P (DECL_NAME (r)))
5868 grok_op_properties (r, DECL_VIRTUAL_P (r), DECL_FRIEND_P (r));
5875 TREE_TYPE (r) = type;
5876 c_apply_type_quals_to_decl (CP_TYPE_QUALS (type), r);
5878 if (TREE_CODE (DECL_INITIAL (r)) != TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX)
5879 DECL_INITIAL (r) = TREE_TYPE (r);
5881 DECL_INITIAL (r) = tsubst (DECL_INITIAL (r), args,
5882 /*complain=*/1, in_decl);
5884 DECL_CONTEXT (r) = NULL_TREE;
5885 if (PROMOTE_PROTOTYPES
5886 && INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type)
5887 && TYPE_PRECISION (type) < TYPE_PRECISION (integer_type_node))
5888 DECL_ARG_TYPE (r) = integer_type_node;
5890 TREE_CHAIN (r) = tsubst (TREE_CHAIN (t), args,
5891 /*complain=*/1, TREE_CHAIN (t));
5898 TREE_TYPE (r) = type;
5899 c_apply_type_quals_to_decl (CP_TYPE_QUALS (type), r);
5901 /* We don't have to set DECL_CONTEXT here; it is set by
5902 finish_member_declaration. */
5903 DECL_INITIAL (r) = tsubst_expr (DECL_INITIAL (t), args,
5904 /*complain=*/1, in_decl);
5905 TREE_CHAIN (r) = NULL_TREE;
5906 if (VOID_TYPE_P (type))
5907 cp_error_at ("instantiation of `%D' as type `%T'", r, type);
5915 = tsubst_copy (DECL_INITIAL (t), args, /*complain=*/1, in_decl);
5916 TREE_CHAIN (r) = NULL_TREE;
5921 if (TREE_CODE (type) == TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM
5922 || t == TYPE_MAIN_DECL (TREE_TYPE (t)))
5924 /* If this is the canonical decl, we don't have to mess with
5925 instantiations, and often we can't (for typename, template
5926 type parms and such). Note that TYPE_NAME is not correct for
5927 the above test if we've copied the type for a typedef. */
5928 r = TYPE_NAME (type);
5936 tree argvec = NULL_TREE;
5937 tree gen_tmpl = NULL_TREE;
5939 tree tmpl = NULL_TREE;
5943 /* Assume this is a non-local variable. */
5946 if (TYPE_P (CP_DECL_CONTEXT (t)))
5947 ctx = tsubst_aggr_type (DECL_CONTEXT (t), args,
5949 in_decl, /*entering_scope=*/1);
5952 /* Subsequent calls to pushdecl will fill this in. */
5954 if (!DECL_NAMESPACE_SCOPE_P (t))
5958 /* Check to see if we already have this specialization. */
5961 tmpl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (t);
5962 gen_tmpl = most_general_template (tmpl);
5963 argvec = tsubst (DECL_TI_ARGS (t), args, /*complain=*/1, in_decl);
5964 spec = retrieve_specialization (gen_tmpl, argvec);
5967 spec = retrieve_local_specialization (t);
5976 TREE_TYPE (r) = type;
5977 c_apply_type_quals_to_decl (CP_TYPE_QUALS (type), r);
5978 DECL_CONTEXT (r) = ctx;
5979 /* Clear out the mangled name and RTL for the instantiation. */
5980 SET_DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (r, NULL_TREE);
5981 SET_DECL_RTL (r, NULL_RTX);
5983 /* Don't try to expand the initializer until someone tries to use
5984 this variable; otherwise we run into circular dependencies. */
5985 DECL_INITIAL (r) = NULL_TREE;
5986 SET_DECL_RTL (r, NULL_RTX);
5987 DECL_SIZE (r) = DECL_SIZE_UNIT (r) = 0;
5989 /* For __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ we have to adjust the initializer. */
5990 if (DECL_PRETTY_FUNCTION_P (r))
5992 const char *name = (*decl_printable_name)
5993 (current_function_decl, 2);
5994 DECL_INITIAL (r) = cp_fname_init (name);
5995 TREE_TYPE (r) = TREE_TYPE (DECL_INITIAL (r));
5998 /* Even if the original location is out of scope, the newly
5999 substituted one is not. */
6000 if (TREE_CODE (r) == VAR_DECL)
6001 DECL_DEAD_FOR_LOCAL (r) = 0;
6005 /* A static data member declaration is always marked
6006 external when it is declared in-class, even if an
6007 initializer is present. We mimic the non-template
6009 DECL_EXTERNAL (r) = 1;
6011 register_specialization (r, gen_tmpl, argvec);
6012 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (r) = tree_cons (tmpl, argvec, NULL_TREE);
6013 SET_DECL_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (r);
6016 register_local_specialization (r, t);
6018 TREE_CHAIN (r) = NULL_TREE;
6019 if (TREE_CODE (r) == VAR_DECL && VOID_TYPE_P (type))
6020 cp_error_at ("instantiation of `%D' as type `%T'", r, type);
6025 my_friendly_abort (0);
6028 /* Restore the file and line information. */
6029 lineno = saved_lineno;
6030 input_filename = saved_filename;
6035 /* Substitue into the ARG_TYPES of a function type. */
6038 tsubst_arg_types (arg_types, args, complain, in_decl)
6044 tree remaining_arg_types;
6047 if (!arg_types || arg_types == void_list_node)
6050 remaining_arg_types = tsubst_arg_types (TREE_CHAIN (arg_types),
6051 args, complain, in_decl);
6052 if (remaining_arg_types == error_mark_node)
6053 return error_mark_node;
6055 type = tsubst (TREE_VALUE (arg_types), args, complain, in_decl);
6056 if (type == error_mark_node)
6057 return error_mark_node;
6058 if (VOID_TYPE_P (type))
6062 cp_error ("invalid parameter type `%T'", type);
6064 cp_error_at ("in declaration `%D'", in_decl);
6066 return error_mark_node;
6069 /* Do array-to-pointer, function-to-pointer conversion, and ignore
6070 top-level qualifiers as required. */
6071 type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type_decays_to (type));
6073 /* Note that we do not substitute into default arguments here. The
6074 standard mandates that they be instantiated only when needed,
6075 which is done in build_over_call. */
6076 return hash_tree_cons (TREE_PURPOSE (arg_types), type,
6077 remaining_arg_types);
6081 /* Substitute into a FUNCTION_TYPE or METHOD_TYPE. This routine does
6082 *not* handle the exception-specification for FNTYPE, because the
6083 initial substitution of explicitly provided template parameters
6084 during argument deduction forbids substitution into the
6085 exception-specification:
6089 All references in the function type of the function template to the
6090 corresponding template parameters are replaced by the specified tem-
6091 plate argument values. If a substitution in a template parameter or
6092 in the function type of the function template results in an invalid
6093 type, type deduction fails. [Note: The equivalent substitution in
6094 exception specifications is done only when the function is instanti-
6095 ated, at which point a program is ill-formed if the substitution
6096 results in an invalid type.] */
6099 tsubst_function_type (t, args, complain, in_decl)
6109 /* The TYPE_CONTEXT is not used for function/method types. */
6110 my_friendly_assert (TYPE_CONTEXT (t) == NULL_TREE, 0);
6112 /* Substitue the return type. */
6113 return_type = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl);
6114 if (return_type == error_mark_node)
6115 return error_mark_node;
6117 /* Substitue the argument types. */
6118 arg_types = tsubst_arg_types (TYPE_ARG_TYPES (t), args,
6120 if (arg_types == error_mark_node)
6121 return error_mark_node;
6123 /* Construct a new type node and return it. */
6124 if (TREE_CODE (t) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
6125 fntype = build_function_type (return_type, arg_types);
6128 tree r = TREE_TYPE (TREE_VALUE (arg_types));
6129 if (! IS_AGGR_TYPE (r))
6133 Type deduction may fail for any of the following
6136 -- Attempting to create "pointer to member of T" when T
6137 is not a class type. */
6139 cp_error ("creating pointer to member function of non-class type `%T'",
6141 return error_mark_node;
6144 fntype = build_cplus_method_type (r, return_type, TREE_CHAIN
6147 fntype = build_qualified_type (fntype, TYPE_QUALS (t));
6148 fntype = build_type_attribute_variant (fntype, TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (t));
6153 /* Substitute into the PARMS of a call-declarator. */
6156 tsubst_call_declarator_parms (parms, args, complain, in_decl)
6166 if (!parms || parms == void_list_node)
6169 new_parms = tsubst_call_declarator_parms (TREE_CHAIN (parms),
6170 args, complain, in_decl);
6172 /* Figure out the type of this parameter. */
6173 type = tsubst (TREE_VALUE (parms), args, complain, in_decl);
6175 /* Figure out the default argument as well. Note that we use
6176 tsubst_expr since the default argument is really an expression. */
6177 defarg = tsubst_expr (TREE_PURPOSE (parms), args, complain, in_decl);
6179 /* Chain this parameter on to the front of those we have already
6180 processed. We don't use hash_tree_cons because that function
6181 doesn't check TREE_PARMLIST. */
6182 new_parms = tree_cons (defarg, type, new_parms);
6184 /* And note that these are parameters. */
6185 TREE_PARMLIST (new_parms) = 1;
6190 /* Take the tree structure T and replace template parameters used
6191 therein with the argument vector ARGS. IN_DECL is an associated
6192 decl for diagnostics. If an error occurs, returns ERROR_MARK_NODE.
6193 An appropriate error message is issued only if COMPLAIN is
6194 non-zero. Note that we must be relatively non-tolerant of
6195 extensions here, in order to preserve conformance; if we allow
6196 substitutions that should not be allowed, we may allow argument
6197 deductions that should not succeed, and therefore report ambiguous
6198 overload situations where there are none. In theory, we could
6199 allow the substitution, but indicate that it should have failed,
6200 and allow our caller to make sure that the right thing happens, but
6201 we don't try to do this yet.
6203 This function is used for dealing with types, decls and the like;
6204 for expressions, use tsubst_expr or tsubst_copy. */
6207 tsubst (t, args, complain, in_decl)
6214 if (t == NULL_TREE || t == error_mark_node
6215 || t == integer_type_node
6216 || t == void_type_node
6217 || t == char_type_node
6218 || TREE_CODE (t) == NAMESPACE_DECL)
6221 if (TREE_CODE (t) == IDENTIFIER_NODE)
6222 type = IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (t);
6224 type = TREE_TYPE (t);
6225 if (type == unknown_type_node)
6226 my_friendly_abort (42);
6228 if (type && TREE_CODE (t) != FUNCTION_DECL
6229 && TREE_CODE (t) != TYPENAME_TYPE
6230 && TREE_CODE (t) != TEMPLATE_DECL
6231 && TREE_CODE (t) != IDENTIFIER_NODE
6232 && TREE_CODE (t) != FUNCTION_TYPE
6233 && TREE_CODE (t) != METHOD_TYPE)
6234 type = tsubst (type, args, complain, in_decl);
6235 if (type == error_mark_node)
6236 return error_mark_node;
6239 return tsubst_decl (t, args, type);
6241 switch (TREE_CODE (t))
6246 return tsubst_aggr_type (t, args, complain, in_decl,
6247 /*entering_scope=*/0);
6250 case IDENTIFIER_NODE:
6263 if (t == integer_type_node)
6266 if (TREE_CODE (TYPE_MIN_VALUE (t)) == INTEGER_CST
6267 && TREE_CODE (TYPE_MAX_VALUE (t)) == INTEGER_CST)
6271 tree max, omax = TREE_OPERAND (TYPE_MAX_VALUE (t), 0);
6273 max = tsubst_expr (omax, args, complain, in_decl);
6274 if (max == error_mark_node)
6275 return error_mark_node;
6277 /* See if we can reduce this expression to something simpler. */
6278 max = maybe_fold_nontype_arg (max);
6279 if (!processing_template_decl)
6280 max = decl_constant_value (max);
6282 if (processing_template_decl
6283 /* When providing explicit arguments to a template
6284 function, but leaving some arguments for subsequent
6285 deduction, MAX may be template-dependent even if we're
6286 not PROCESSING_TEMPLATE_DECL. We still need to check for
6287 template parms, though; MAX won't be an INTEGER_CST for
6288 dynamic arrays, either. */
6289 || (TREE_CODE (max) != INTEGER_CST
6290 && uses_template_parms (max)))
6292 tree itype = make_node (INTEGER_TYPE);
6293 TYPE_MIN_VALUE (itype) = size_zero_node;
6294 TYPE_MAX_VALUE (itype) = build_min (MINUS_EXPR, sizetype, max,
6299 if (integer_zerop (omax))
6301 /* Still allow an explicit array of size zero. */
6303 pedwarn ("creating array with size zero");
6305 else if (integer_zerop (max)
6306 || (TREE_CODE (max) == INTEGER_CST
6307 && INT_CST_LT (max, integer_zero_node)))
6311 Type deduction may fail for any of the following
6314 Attempting to create an array with a size that is
6315 zero or negative. */
6317 cp_error ("creating array with size zero (`%E')", max);
6319 return error_mark_node;
6322 return compute_array_index_type (NULL_TREE, max);
6325 case TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM:
6326 case TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
6327 case BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
6328 case TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX:
6336 if (TREE_CODE (t) == TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM
6337 || TREE_CODE (t) == TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM
6338 || TREE_CODE (t) == BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM)
6340 idx = TEMPLATE_TYPE_IDX (t);
6341 level = TEMPLATE_TYPE_LEVEL (t);
6345 idx = TEMPLATE_PARM_IDX (t);
6346 level = TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL (t);
6349 if (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (args) > 0)
6351 tree arg = NULL_TREE;
6353 levels = TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (args);
6354 if (level <= levels)
6355 arg = TMPL_ARG (args, level, idx);
6357 if (arg == error_mark_node)
6358 return error_mark_node;
6359 else if (arg != NULL_TREE)
6361 if (TREE_CODE (t) == TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM)
6363 my_friendly_assert (TYPE_P (arg), 0);
6364 return cp_build_qualified_type_real
6365 (arg, CP_TYPE_QUALS (arg) | CP_TYPE_QUALS (t),
6368 else if (TREE_CODE (t) == BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM)
6370 /* We are processing a type constructed from
6371 a template template parameter */
6372 tree argvec = tsubst (TYPE_TI_ARGS (t),
6373 args, complain, in_decl);
6374 if (argvec == error_mark_node)
6375 return error_mark_node;
6377 /* We can get a TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM here when
6378 we are resolving nested-types in the signature of
6379 a member function templates.
6380 Otherwise ARG is a TEMPLATE_DECL and is the real
6381 template to be instantiated. */
6382 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM)
6383 arg = TYPE_NAME (arg);
6385 r = lookup_template_class (arg,
6388 /*entering_scope=*/0,
6390 return cp_build_qualified_type_real (r,
6395 /* TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM or TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX. */
6400 my_friendly_abort (981018);
6403 /* This can happen during the attempted tsubst'ing in
6404 unify. This means that we don't yet have any information
6405 about the template parameter in question. */
6408 /* If we get here, we must have been looking at a parm for a
6409 more deeply nested template. Make a new version of this
6410 template parameter, but with a lower level. */
6411 switch (TREE_CODE (t))
6413 case TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM:
6414 case TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
6415 case BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
6416 if (CP_TYPE_QUALS (t))
6418 r = tsubst (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t), args, complain, in_decl);
6419 r = cp_build_qualified_type_real (r, CP_TYPE_QUALS (t),
6425 TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM_INDEX (r)
6426 = reduce_template_parm_level (TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM_INDEX (t),
6428 TYPE_STUB_DECL (r) = TYPE_NAME (r) = TEMPLATE_TYPE_DECL (r);
6429 TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (r) = r;
6430 TYPE_POINTER_TO (r) = NULL_TREE;
6431 TYPE_REFERENCE_TO (r) = NULL_TREE;
6433 if (TREE_CODE (t) == BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM)
6435 tree argvec = tsubst (TYPE_TI_ARGS (t), args,
6437 if (argvec == error_mark_node)
6438 return error_mark_node;
6440 TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM_TEMPLATE_INFO (r)
6441 = tree_cons (TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (t), argvec, NULL_TREE);
6446 case TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX:
6447 r = reduce_template_parm_level (t, type, levels);
6451 my_friendly_abort (0);
6459 tree purpose, value, chain, result;
6461 if (t == void_list_node)
6464 purpose = TREE_PURPOSE (t);
6467 purpose = tsubst (purpose, args, complain, in_decl);
6468 if (purpose == error_mark_node)
6469 return error_mark_node;
6471 value = TREE_VALUE (t);
6474 value = tsubst (value, args, complain, in_decl);
6475 if (value == error_mark_node)
6476 return error_mark_node;
6478 chain = TREE_CHAIN (t);
6479 if (chain && chain != void_type_node)
6481 chain = tsubst (chain, args, complain, in_decl);
6482 if (chain == error_mark_node)
6483 return error_mark_node;
6485 if (purpose == TREE_PURPOSE (t)
6486 && value == TREE_VALUE (t)
6487 && chain == TREE_CHAIN (t))
6489 if (TREE_PARMLIST (t))
6491 result = tree_cons (purpose, value, chain);
6492 TREE_PARMLIST (result) = 1;
6495 result = hash_tree_cons (purpose, value, chain);
6499 if (type != NULL_TREE)
6501 /* A binfo node. We always need to make a copy, of the node
6502 itself and of its BINFO_BASETYPES. */
6506 /* Make sure type isn't a typedef copy. */
6507 type = BINFO_TYPE (TYPE_BINFO (type));
6509 TREE_TYPE (t) = complete_type (type);
6510 if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (type))
6512 BINFO_VTABLE (t) = TYPE_BINFO_VTABLE (type);
6513 BINFO_VIRTUALS (t) = TYPE_BINFO_VIRTUALS (type);
6514 if (TYPE_BINFO_BASETYPES (type) != NULL_TREE)
6515 BINFO_BASETYPES (t) = copy_node (TYPE_BINFO_BASETYPES (type));
6520 /* Otherwise, a vector of template arguments. */
6521 return tsubst_template_arg_vector (t, args, complain);
6524 case REFERENCE_TYPE:
6526 enum tree_code code;
6528 if (type == TREE_TYPE (t))
6531 code = TREE_CODE (t);
6536 Type deduction may fail for any of the following
6539 -- Attempting to create a pointer to reference type.
6540 -- Attempting to create a reference to a reference type or
6541 a reference to void. */
6542 if (TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE
6543 || (code == REFERENCE_TYPE && TREE_CODE (type) == VOID_TYPE))
6545 static int last_line = 0;
6546 static const char* last_file = 0;
6548 /* We keep track of the last time we issued this error
6549 message to avoid spewing a ton of messages during a
6550 single bad template instantiation. */
6551 if (complain && (last_line != lineno ||
6552 last_file != input_filename))
6554 if (TREE_CODE (type) == VOID_TYPE)
6555 cp_error ("forming reference to void");
6557 cp_error ("forming %s to reference type `%T'",
6558 (code == POINTER_TYPE) ? "pointer" : "reference",
6561 last_file = input_filename;
6564 return error_mark_node;
6566 else if (code == POINTER_TYPE)
6567 r = build_pointer_type (type);
6569 r = build_reference_type (type);
6570 r = cp_build_qualified_type_real (r, TYPE_QUALS (t), complain);
6572 if (r != error_mark_node)
6573 /* Will this ever be needed for TYPE_..._TO values? */
6580 r = tsubst (TYPE_OFFSET_BASETYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl);
6581 if (r == error_mark_node || !IS_AGGR_TYPE (r))
6585 Type deduction may fail for any of the following
6588 -- Attempting to create "pointer to member of T" when T
6589 is not a class type. */
6591 cp_error ("creating pointer to member of non-class type `%T'",
6593 return error_mark_node;
6595 return build_offset_type (r, type);
6603 fntype = tsubst_function_type (t, args, complain, in_decl);
6604 if (fntype == error_mark_node)
6605 return error_mark_node;
6607 /* Substitue the exception specification. */
6608 raises = TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (t);
6611 tree list = NULL_TREE;
6613 if (! TREE_VALUE (raises))
6616 for (; raises != NULL_TREE; raises = TREE_CHAIN (raises))
6618 tree spec = TREE_VALUE (raises);
6620 spec = tsubst (spec, args, complain, in_decl);
6621 if (spec == error_mark_node)
6623 list = add_exception_specifier (list, spec, complain);
6625 fntype = build_exception_variant (fntype, list);
6631 tree domain = tsubst (TYPE_DOMAIN (t), args, complain, in_decl);
6632 if (domain == error_mark_node)
6633 return error_mark_node;
6635 /* As an optimization, we avoid regenerating the array type if
6636 it will obviously be the same as T. */
6637 if (type == TREE_TYPE (t) && domain == TYPE_DOMAIN (t))
6640 /* These checks should match the ones in grokdeclarator.
6644 The deduction may fail for any of the following reasons:
6646 -- Attempting to create an array with an element type that
6647 is void, a function type, or a reference type. */
6648 if (TREE_CODE (type) == VOID_TYPE
6649 || TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE
6650 || TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
6653 cp_error ("creating array of `%T'", type);
6654 return error_mark_node;
6657 r = build_cplus_array_type (type, domain);
6664 tree e1 = tsubst (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain,
6666 tree e2 = tsubst (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, complain,
6669 if (e1 == error_mark_node || e2 == error_mark_node)
6670 return error_mark_node;
6672 return fold (build (TREE_CODE (t), TREE_TYPE (t), e1, e2));
6678 tree e = tsubst (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain,
6680 if (e == error_mark_node)
6681 return error_mark_node;
6683 return fold (build (TREE_CODE (t), TREE_TYPE (t), e));
6688 tree ctx = tsubst_aggr_type (TYPE_CONTEXT (t), args, complain,
6689 in_decl, /*entering_scope=*/1);
6690 tree f = tsubst_copy (TYPENAME_TYPE_FULLNAME (t), args,
6693 if (ctx == error_mark_node || f == error_mark_node)
6694 return error_mark_node;
6696 if (!IS_AGGR_TYPE (ctx))
6699 cp_error ("`%T' is not a class, struct, or union type",
6701 return error_mark_node;
6703 else if (!uses_template_parms (ctx) && !TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (ctx))
6705 /* Normally, make_typename_type does not require that the CTX
6706 have complete type in order to allow things like:
6708 template <class T> struct S { typename S<T>::X Y; };
6710 But, such constructs have already been resolved by this
6711 point, so here CTX really should have complete type, unless
6712 it's a partial instantiation. */
6713 ctx = complete_type (ctx);
6714 if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (ctx))
6717 incomplete_type_error (NULL_TREE, ctx);
6718 return error_mark_node;
6722 f = make_typename_type (ctx, f, complain);
6723 if (f == error_mark_node)
6725 return cp_build_qualified_type_real (f,
6727 | CP_TYPE_QUALS (t),
6733 tree e = tsubst (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain,
6735 if (e == error_mark_node)
6736 return error_mark_node;
6737 return make_pointer_declarator (type, e);
6742 tree e = tsubst (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain,
6744 if (e == error_mark_node)
6745 return error_mark_node;
6746 return make_reference_declarator (type, e);
6751 tree e1 = tsubst (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain,
6753 tree e2 = tsubst_expr (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, complain,
6755 if (e1 == error_mark_node || e2 == error_mark_node)
6756 return error_mark_node;
6758 return build_nt (ARRAY_REF, e1, e2, tsubst_expr);
6763 tree e1 = tsubst (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain,
6765 tree e2 = (tsubst_call_declarator_parms
6766 (CALL_DECLARATOR_PARMS (t), args, complain, in_decl));
6767 tree e3 = tsubst (CALL_DECLARATOR_EXCEPTION_SPEC (t), args,
6770 if (e1 == error_mark_node || e2 == error_mark_node
6771 || e3 == error_mark_node)
6772 return error_mark_node;
6774 return make_call_declarator (e1, e2, CALL_DECLARATOR_QUALS (t), e3);
6779 tree e1 = tsubst (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain,
6781 tree e2 = tsubst (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, complain, in_decl);
6782 if (e1 == error_mark_node || e2 == error_mark_node)
6783 return error_mark_node;
6785 return build_nt (TREE_CODE (t), e1, e2);
6790 tree e1 = tsubst_expr (TYPE_FIELDS (t), args, complain,
6792 if (e1 == error_mark_node)
6793 return error_mark_node;
6795 return TREE_TYPE (e1);
6799 sorry ("use of `%s' in template",
6800 tree_code_name [(int) TREE_CODE (t)]);
6801 return error_mark_node;
6805 /* Like tsubst, but deals with expressions. This function just replaces
6806 template parms; to finish processing the resultant expression, use
6810 tsubst_copy (t, args, complain, in_decl)
6815 enum tree_code code;
6818 if (t == NULL_TREE || t == error_mark_node)
6821 code = TREE_CODE (t);
6826 return do_identifier (DECL_NAME (t), 0, NULL_TREE);
6833 if (!DECL_CONTEXT (t))
6834 /* This is a global enumeration constant. */
6837 /* Unfortunately, we cannot just call lookup_name here.
6840 template <int I> int f() {
6842 struct S { void g() { E e = a; } };
6845 When we instantiate f<7>::S::g(), say, lookup_name is not
6846 clever enough to find f<7>::a. */
6848 = tsubst_aggr_type (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl,
6849 /*entering_scope=*/0);
6851 for (v = TYPE_VALUES (enum_type);
6854 if (TREE_PURPOSE (v) == DECL_NAME (t))
6855 return TREE_VALUE (v);
6857 /* We didn't find the name. That should never happen; if
6858 name-lookup found it during preliminary parsing, we
6859 should find it again here during instantiation. */
6860 my_friendly_abort (0);
6865 if (DECL_CONTEXT (t))
6869 ctx = tsubst_aggr_type (DECL_CONTEXT (t), args, complain, in_decl,
6870 /*entering_scope=*/1);
6871 if (ctx != DECL_CONTEXT (t))
6872 return lookup_field (ctx, DECL_NAME (t), 0, 0);
6878 if (DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (t) && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (t))
6879 t = tsubst (t, args, complain, in_decl);
6884 if (is_member_template (t))
6885 return tsubst (t, args, complain, in_decl);
6891 /* We must tsubst into a LOOKUP_EXPR in case the names to
6892 which it refers is a conversion operator; in that case the
6893 name will change. We avoid making unnecessary copies,
6896 tree id = tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl);
6898 if (id != TREE_OPERAND (t, 0))
6900 r = build_nt (LOOKUP_EXPR, id);
6901 LOOKUP_EXPR_GLOBAL (r) = LOOKUP_EXPR_GLOBAL (t);
6909 case REINTERPRET_CAST_EXPR:
6910 case CONST_CAST_EXPR:
6911 case STATIC_CAST_EXPR:
6912 case DYNAMIC_CAST_EXPR:
6915 (code, tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl),
6916 tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl));
6920 case TRUTH_NOT_EXPR:
6923 case CONVERT_EXPR: /* Unary + */
6932 (code, tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl),
6933 tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl));
6938 case TRUNC_DIV_EXPR:
6940 case FLOOR_DIV_EXPR:
6941 case ROUND_DIV_EXPR:
6942 case EXACT_DIV_EXPR:
6944 case BIT_ANDTC_EXPR:
6947 case TRUNC_MOD_EXPR:
6948 case FLOOR_MOD_EXPR:
6949 case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
6950 case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
6951 case TRUTH_AND_EXPR:
6971 case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
6972 case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
6973 case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
6974 case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
6976 (code, tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl),
6977 tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, complain, in_decl));
6981 tree fn = TREE_OPERAND (t, 0);
6982 if (is_overloaded_fn (fn))
6983 fn = tsubst_copy (get_first_fn (fn), args, complain, in_decl);
6985 /* Sometimes FN is a LOOKUP_EXPR. */
6986 fn = tsubst_copy (fn, args, complain, in_decl);
6988 (code, fn, tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, complain,
6993 case METHOD_CALL_EXPR:
6995 tree name = TREE_OPERAND (t, 0);
6996 if (TREE_CODE (name) == BIT_NOT_EXPR)
6998 name = tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (name, 0), args,
7000 name = build1 (BIT_NOT_EXPR, NULL_TREE, name);
7002 else if (TREE_CODE (name) == SCOPE_REF
7003 && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (name, 1)) == BIT_NOT_EXPR)
7005 tree base = tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (name, 0), args,
7007 name = TREE_OPERAND (name, 1);
7008 name = tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (name, 0), args,
7010 name = build1 (BIT_NOT_EXPR, NULL_TREE, name);
7011 name = build_nt (SCOPE_REF, base, name);
7014 name = tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl);
7016 (code, name, tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args,
7018 tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 2), args, complain, in_decl),
7023 /* This processing should really occur in tsubst_expr, However,
7024 tsubst_expr does not recurse into expressions, since it
7025 assumes that there aren't any statements inside them.
7026 Instead, it simply calls build_expr_from_tree. So, we need
7027 to expand the STMT_EXPR here. */
7028 if (!processing_template_decl)
7030 tree stmt_expr = begin_stmt_expr ();
7031 tsubst_expr (STMT_EXPR_STMT (t), args,
7033 return finish_stmt_expr (stmt_expr);
7040 case PSEUDO_DTOR_EXPR:
7043 (code, tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl),
7044 tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, complain, in_decl),
7045 tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 2), args, complain, in_decl));
7052 (code, tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl),
7053 tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, complain, in_decl),
7054 tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 2), args, complain, in_decl));
7055 NEW_EXPR_USE_GLOBAL (r) = NEW_EXPR_USE_GLOBAL (t);
7062 (code, tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl),
7063 tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, complain, in_decl));
7064 DELETE_EXPR_USE_GLOBAL (r) = DELETE_EXPR_USE_GLOBAL (t);
7065 DELETE_EXPR_USE_VEC (r) = DELETE_EXPR_USE_VEC (t);
7069 case TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR:
7071 /* Substituted template arguments */
7072 tree targs = tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, complain,
7075 if (targs && TREE_CODE (targs) == TREE_LIST)
7078 for (chain = targs; chain; chain = TREE_CHAIN (chain))
7079 TREE_VALUE (chain) = maybe_fold_nontype_arg (TREE_VALUE (chain));
7084 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (targs); ++i)
7085 TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, i)
7086 = maybe_fold_nontype_arg (TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, i));
7089 return lookup_template_function
7090 (tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl), targs);
7095 tree purpose, value, chain;
7097 if (t == void_list_node)
7100 purpose = TREE_PURPOSE (t);
7102 purpose = tsubst_copy (purpose, args, complain, in_decl);
7103 value = TREE_VALUE (t);
7105 value = tsubst_copy (value, args, complain, in_decl);
7106 chain = TREE_CHAIN (t);
7107 if (chain && chain != void_type_node)
7108 chain = tsubst_copy (chain, args, complain, in_decl);
7109 if (purpose == TREE_PURPOSE (t)
7110 && value == TREE_VALUE (t)
7111 && chain == TREE_CHAIN (t))
7113 return tree_cons (purpose, value, chain);
7120 case TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM:
7121 case TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
7122 case BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
7123 case TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX:
7125 case REFERENCE_TYPE:
7132 return tsubst (t, args, complain, in_decl);
7134 case IDENTIFIER_NODE:
7135 if (IDENTIFIER_TYPENAME_P (t))
7137 tree new_type = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7138 return mangle_conv_op_name_for_type (new_type);
7146 (CONSTRUCTOR, tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl),
7147 NULL_TREE, tsubst_copy (CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (t), args,
7148 complain, in_decl));
7149 TREE_HAS_CONSTRUCTOR (r) = TREE_HAS_CONSTRUCTOR (t);
7154 return build_x_va_arg (tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain,
7156 tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl));
7163 /* Like tsubst_copy, but also does semantic processing. */
7166 tsubst_expr (t, args, complain, in_decl)
7173 if (t == NULL_TREE || t == error_mark_node)
7176 if (processing_template_decl)
7177 return tsubst_copy (t, args, complain, in_decl);
7179 switch (TREE_CODE (t))
7183 finish_named_return_value
7184 (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0),
7185 tsubst_expr (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args, /*complain=*/1, in_decl));
7186 tsubst_expr (TREE_CHAIN (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7189 case CTOR_INITIALIZER:
7191 tree member_init_list;
7192 tree base_init_list;
7196 = tsubst_initializer_list (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args);
7198 = tsubst_initializer_list (TREE_OPERAND (t, 1), args);
7199 setup_vtbl_ptr (member_init_list, base_init_list);
7200 tsubst_expr (TREE_CHAIN (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7206 finish_return_stmt (tsubst_expr (RETURN_EXPR (t),
7207 args, complain, in_decl));
7212 finish_expr_stmt (tsubst_expr (EXPR_STMT_EXPR (t),
7213 args, complain, in_decl));
7218 do_using_directive (tsubst_expr (USING_STMT_NAMESPACE (t),
7219 args, complain, in_decl));
7228 decl = DECL_STMT_DECL (t);
7229 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == LABEL_DECL)
7230 finish_label_decl (DECL_NAME (decl));
7231 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == USING_DECL)
7233 tree scope = DECL_INITIAL (decl);
7234 tree name = DECL_NAME (decl);
7236 scope = tsubst_expr (scope, args, complain, in_decl);
7237 do_local_using_decl (build_nt (SCOPE_REF, scope, name));
7241 init = DECL_INITIAL (decl);
7242 decl = tsubst (decl, args, complain, in_decl);
7243 if (DECL_PRETTY_FUNCTION_P (decl))
7244 init = DECL_INITIAL (decl);
7246 init = tsubst_expr (init, args, complain, in_decl);
7247 if (decl != error_mark_node)
7249 if (TREE_CODE (decl) != TYPE_DECL)
7250 /* Make sure the type is instantiated now. */
7251 complete_type (TREE_TYPE (decl));
7253 DECL_INITIAL (decl) = error_mark_node;
7254 /* By marking the declaration as instantiated, we avoid
7255 trying to instantiate it. Since instantiate_decl can't
7256 handle local variables, and since we've already done
7257 all that needs to be done, that's the right thing to
7259 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL)
7260 DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATED (decl) = 1;
7261 maybe_push_decl (decl);
7262 cp_finish_decl (decl, init, NULL_TREE, 0);
7273 stmt = begin_for_stmt ();
7274 for (tmp = FOR_INIT_STMT (t); tmp; tmp = TREE_CHAIN (tmp))
7275 tsubst_expr (tmp, args, complain, in_decl);
7276 finish_for_init_stmt (stmt);
7277 finish_for_cond (tsubst_expr (FOR_COND (t), args,
7280 tmp = tsubst_expr (FOR_EXPR (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7281 finish_for_expr (tmp, stmt);
7282 tsubst_expr (FOR_BODY (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7283 finish_for_stmt (stmt);
7290 stmt = begin_while_stmt ();
7291 finish_while_stmt_cond (tsubst_expr (WHILE_COND (t),
7292 args, complain, in_decl),
7294 tsubst_expr (WHILE_BODY (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7295 finish_while_stmt (stmt);
7302 stmt = begin_do_stmt ();
7303 tsubst_expr (DO_BODY (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7304 finish_do_body (stmt);
7305 finish_do_stmt (tsubst_expr (DO_COND (t), args,
7316 stmt = begin_if_stmt ();
7317 finish_if_stmt_cond (tsubst_expr (IF_COND (t),
7318 args, complain, in_decl),
7321 if (tmp = THEN_CLAUSE (t), tmp)
7323 tsubst_expr (tmp, args, complain, in_decl);
7324 finish_then_clause (stmt);
7327 if (tmp = ELSE_CLAUSE (t), tmp)
7329 begin_else_clause ();
7330 tsubst_expr (tmp, args, complain, in_decl);
7331 finish_else_clause (stmt);
7343 stmt = begin_compound_stmt (COMPOUND_STMT_NO_SCOPE (t));
7344 for (substmt = COMPOUND_BODY (t);
7345 substmt != NULL_TREE;
7346 substmt = TREE_CHAIN (substmt))
7347 tsubst_expr (substmt, args, complain, in_decl);
7348 return finish_compound_stmt (COMPOUND_STMT_NO_SCOPE (t), stmt);
7354 finish_break_stmt ();
7359 finish_continue_stmt ();
7367 stmt = begin_switch_stmt ();
7368 val = tsubst_expr (SWITCH_COND (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7369 finish_switch_cond (val, stmt);
7370 tsubst_expr (SWITCH_BODY (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7371 finish_switch_stmt (stmt);
7377 finish_case_label (tsubst_expr (CASE_LOW (t), args, complain, in_decl),
7378 tsubst_expr (CASE_HIGH (t), args, complain,
7383 lineno = STMT_LINENO (t);
7384 finish_label_stmt (DECL_NAME (LABEL_STMT_LABEL (t)));
7389 t = GOTO_DESTINATION (t);
7390 if (TREE_CODE (t) != LABEL_DECL)
7391 /* Computed goto's must be tsubst'd into. On the other hand,
7392 non-computed gotos must not be; the identifier in question
7393 will have no binding. */
7394 t = tsubst_expr (t, args, complain, in_decl);
7397 finish_goto_stmt (t);
7402 finish_asm_stmt (ASM_CV_QUAL (t),
7403 tsubst_expr (ASM_STRING (t), args, complain, in_decl),
7404 tsubst_expr (ASM_OUTPUTS (t), args, complain, in_decl),
7405 tsubst_expr (ASM_INPUTS (t), args, complain, in_decl),
7406 tsubst_expr (ASM_CLOBBERS (t), args, complain,
7414 stmt = begin_try_block ();
7415 tsubst_expr (TRY_STMTS (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7416 finish_cleanup_try_block (stmt);
7417 finish_cleanup (tsubst_expr (TRY_HANDLERS (t), args,
7425 if (FN_TRY_BLOCK_P (t))
7426 stmt = begin_function_try_block ();
7428 stmt = begin_try_block ();
7430 tsubst_expr (TRY_STMTS (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7432 if (FN_TRY_BLOCK_P (t))
7433 finish_function_try_block (stmt);
7435 finish_try_block (stmt);
7437 handler = TRY_HANDLERS (t);
7438 for (; handler; handler = TREE_CHAIN (handler))
7439 tsubst_expr (handler, args, complain, in_decl);
7440 if (FN_TRY_BLOCK_P (t))
7441 finish_function_handler_sequence (stmt);
7443 finish_handler_sequence (stmt);
7452 stmt = begin_handler ();
7453 if (HANDLER_PARMS (t))
7455 decl = DECL_STMT_DECL (HANDLER_PARMS (t));
7456 decl = tsubst (decl, args, complain, in_decl);
7457 /* Prevent instantiate_decl from trying to instantiate
7458 this variable. We've already done all that needs to be
7460 DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATED (decl) = 1;
7464 finish_handler_parms (decl, stmt);
7465 tsubst_expr (HANDLER_BODY (t), args, complain, in_decl);
7466 finish_handler (stmt);
7473 tsubst (t, args, complain, NULL_TREE);
7477 return build_expr_from_tree (tsubst_copy (t, args, complain, in_decl));
7482 /* TMPL is a TEMPLATE_DECL for a cloned constructor or destructor.
7483 Instantiate it with the ARGS. */
7486 instantiate_clone (tmpl, args)
7493 /* Instantiated the cloned function, rather than the clone. */
7494 spec = instantiate_template (DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION (tmpl), args);
7496 /* Then, see if we've already cloned the instantiation. */
7497 for (clone = TREE_CHAIN (spec);
7498 clone && DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION_P (clone);
7499 clone = TREE_CHAIN (clone))
7500 if (DECL_NAME (clone) == DECL_NAME (tmpl))
7503 /* If we haven't, do so know. */
7505 clone_function_decl (spec, /*update_method_vec_p=*/0);
7508 for (clone = TREE_CHAIN (spec);
7509 clone && DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION_P (clone);
7510 clone = TREE_CHAIN (clone))
7511 if (DECL_NAME (clone) == DECL_NAME (tmpl))
7514 /* We should always have found the clone by now. */
7515 my_friendly_abort (20000411);
7519 /* Instantiate the indicated variable or function template TMPL with
7520 the template arguments in TARG_PTR. */
7523 instantiate_template (tmpl, targ_ptr)
7524 tree tmpl, targ_ptr;
7533 if (tmpl == error_mark_node)
7534 return error_mark_node;
7536 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (tmpl) == TEMPLATE_DECL, 283);
7538 /* If this function is a clone, handle it specially. */
7539 if (DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION_P (tmpl))
7540 return instantiate_clone (tmpl, targ_ptr);
7542 /* Check to see if we already have this specialization. */
7543 spec = retrieve_specialization (tmpl, targ_ptr);
7544 if (spec != NULL_TREE)
7547 gen_tmpl = most_general_template (tmpl);
7548 if (tmpl != gen_tmpl)
7550 /* The TMPL is a partial instantiation. To get a full set of
7551 arguments we must add the arguments used to perform the
7552 partial instantiation. */
7553 targ_ptr = add_outermost_template_args (DECL_TI_ARGS (tmpl),
7556 /* Check to see if we already have this specialization. */
7557 spec = retrieve_specialization (gen_tmpl, targ_ptr);
7558 if (spec != NULL_TREE)
7562 len = DECL_NTPARMS (gen_tmpl);
7563 inner_args = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (targ_ptr);
7567 tree t = TREE_VEC_ELT (inner_args, i);
7570 tree nt = target_type (t);
7571 if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (nt) && decl_function_context (TYPE_MAIN_DECL (nt)))
7573 cp_error ("type `%T' composed from a local class is not a valid template-argument", t);
7574 cp_error (" trying to instantiate `%D'", gen_tmpl);
7575 return error_mark_node;
7580 /* substitute template parameters */
7581 fndecl = tsubst (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (gen_tmpl),
7582 targ_ptr, /*complain=*/1, gen_tmpl);
7583 /* The DECL_TI_TEMPLATE should always be the immediate parent
7584 template, not the most general template. */
7585 DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (fndecl) = tmpl;
7587 if (flag_external_templates)
7588 add_pending_template (fndecl);
7590 /* If we've just instantiated the main entry point for a function,
7591 instantiate all the alternate entry points as well. */
7592 for (clone = TREE_CHAIN (gen_tmpl);
7593 clone && DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION_P (clone);
7594 clone = TREE_CHAIN (clone))
7595 instantiate_template (clone, targ_ptr);
7600 /* The FN is a TEMPLATE_DECL for a function. The ARGS are the
7601 arguments that are being used when calling it. TARGS is a vector
7602 into which the deduced template arguments are placed.
7604 Return zero for success, 2 for an incomplete match that doesn't resolve
7605 all the types, and 1 for complete failure. An error message will be
7606 printed only for an incomplete match.
7608 If FN is a conversion operator, or we are trying to produce a specific
7609 specialization, RETURN_TYPE is the return type desired.
7611 The EXPLICIT_TARGS are explicit template arguments provided via a
7614 The parameter STRICT is one of:
7617 We are deducing arguments for a function call, as in
7621 We are deducing arguments for a conversion function, as in
7625 We are deducing arguments when doing an explicit instantiation
7626 as in [temp.explicit], when determining an explicit specialization
7627 as in [temp.expl.spec], or when taking the address of a function
7628 template, as in [temp.deduct.funcaddr].
7631 We are deducing arguments when calculating the partial
7632 ordering between specializations of function or class
7633 templates, as in [temp.func.order] and [temp.class.order].
7635 LEN is the number of parms to consider before returning success, or -1
7636 for all. This is used in partial ordering to avoid comparing parms for
7637 which no actual argument was passed, since they are not considered in
7638 overload resolution (and are explicitly excluded from consideration in
7639 partial ordering in [temp.func.order]/6). */
7642 fn_type_unification (fn, explicit_targs, targs, args, return_type,
7644 tree fn, explicit_targs, targs, args, return_type;
7645 unification_kind_t strict;
7652 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_DECL, 0);
7654 fntype = TREE_TYPE (fn);
7659 The specified template arguments must match the template
7660 parameters in kind (i.e., type, nontype, template), and there
7661 must not be more arguments than there are parameters;
7662 otherwise type deduction fails.
7664 Nontype arguments must match the types of the corresponding
7665 nontype template parameters, or must be convertible to the
7666 types of the corresponding nontype parameters as specified in
7667 _temp.arg.nontype_, otherwise type deduction fails.
7669 All references in the function type of the function template
7670 to the corresponding template parameters are replaced by the
7671 specified template argument values. If a substitution in a
7672 template parameter or in the function type of the function
7673 template results in an invalid type, type deduction fails. */
7675 tree converted_args;
7678 = (coerce_template_parms (DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (fn),
7679 explicit_targs, NULL_TREE, /*complain=*/0,
7680 /*require_all_arguments=*/0));
7681 if (converted_args == error_mark_node)
7684 fntype = tsubst (fntype, converted_args, /*complain=*/0, NULL_TREE);
7685 if (fntype == error_mark_node)
7688 /* Place the explicitly specified arguments in TARGS. */
7689 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (targs); i++)
7690 TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, i) = TREE_VEC_ELT (converted_args, i);
7693 parms = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (fntype);
7694 /* Never do unification on the 'this' parameter. */
7695 if (DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (fn))
7696 parms = TREE_CHAIN (parms);
7700 /* We've been given a return type to match, prepend it. */
7701 parms = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, TREE_TYPE (fntype), parms);
7702 args = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, return_type, args);
7707 /* We allow incomplete unification without an error message here
7708 because the standard doesn't seem to explicitly prohibit it. Our
7709 callers must be ready to deal with unification failures in any
7711 result = type_unification_real (DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (fn),
7712 targs, parms, args, /*subr=*/0,
7713 strict, /*allow_incomplete*/1, len);
7716 /* All is well so far. Now, check:
7720 When all template arguments have been deduced, all uses of
7721 template parameters in nondeduced contexts are replaced with
7722 the corresponding deduced argument values. If the
7723 substitution results in an invalid type, as described above,
7724 type deduction fails. */
7725 if (tsubst (TREE_TYPE (fn), targs, /*complain=*/0, NULL_TREE)
7732 /* Adjust types before performing type deduction, as described in
7733 [temp.deduct.call] and [temp.deduct.conv]. The rules in these two
7734 sections are symmetric. PARM is the type of a function parameter
7735 or the return type of the conversion function. ARG is the type of
7736 the argument passed to the call, or the type of the value
7737 initialized with the result of the conversion function. */
7740 maybe_adjust_types_for_deduction (strict, parm, arg)
7741 unification_kind_t strict;
7754 /* Swap PARM and ARG throughout the remainder of this
7755 function; the handling is precisely symmetric since PARM
7756 will initialize ARG rather than vice versa. */
7764 /* There is nothing to do in this case. */
7768 /* DR 214. [temp.func.order] is underspecified, and leads to no
7769 ordering between things like `T *' and `T const &' for `U *'.
7770 The former has T=U and the latter T=U*. The former looks more
7771 specialized and John Spicer considers it well-formed (the EDG
7772 compiler accepts it).
7774 John also confirms that deduction should proceed as in a function
7775 call. Which implies the usual ARG and PARM conversions as DEDUCE_CALL.
7776 However, in ordering, ARG can have REFERENCE_TYPE, but no argument
7777 to an actual call can have such a type.
7779 If both ARG and PARM are REFERENCE_TYPE, we change neither.
7780 If only ARG is a REFERENCE_TYPE, we look through that and then
7781 proceed as with DEDUCE_CALL (which could further convert it). */
7782 if (TREE_CODE (*arg) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
7784 if (TREE_CODE (*parm) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
7786 *arg = TREE_TYPE (*arg);
7790 my_friendly_abort (0);
7793 if (TREE_CODE (*parm) != REFERENCE_TYPE)
7795 /* [temp.deduct.call]
7797 If P is not a reference type:
7799 --If A is an array type, the pointer type produced by the
7800 array-to-pointer standard conversion (_conv.array_) is
7801 used in place of A for type deduction; otherwise,
7803 --If A is a function type, the pointer type produced by
7804 the function-to-pointer standard conversion
7805 (_conv.func_) is used in place of A for type deduction;
7808 --If A is a cv-qualified type, the top level
7809 cv-qualifiers of A's type are ignored for type
7811 if (TREE_CODE (*arg) == ARRAY_TYPE)
7812 *arg = build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (*arg));
7813 else if (TREE_CODE (*arg) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
7814 *arg = build_pointer_type (*arg);
7816 *arg = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (*arg);
7819 /* [temp.deduct.call]
7821 If P is a cv-qualified type, the top level cv-qualifiers
7822 of P's type are ignored for type deduction. If P is a
7823 reference type, the type referred to by P is used for
7825 *parm = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (*parm);
7826 if (TREE_CODE (*parm) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
7828 *parm = TREE_TYPE (*parm);
7829 result |= UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_MORE_CV_QUAL;
7834 /* Most parms like fn_type_unification.
7836 If SUBR is 1, we're being called recursively (to unify the
7837 arguments of a function or method parameter of a function
7841 type_unification_real (tparms, targs, xparms, xargs, subr,
7842 strict, allow_incomplete, xlen)
7843 tree tparms, targs, xparms, xargs;
7845 unification_kind_t strict;
7846 int allow_incomplete, xlen;
7850 int ntparms = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (tparms);
7852 int saw_undeduced = 0;
7856 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (tparms) == TREE_VEC, 289);
7857 my_friendly_assert (xparms == NULL_TREE
7858 || TREE_CODE (xparms) == TREE_LIST, 290);
7859 /* ARGS could be NULL (via a call from parse.y to
7860 build_x_function_call). */
7862 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (xargs) == TREE_LIST, 291);
7863 my_friendly_assert (ntparms > 0, 292);
7868 sub_strict = (UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_LEVEL | UNIFY_ALLOW_MORE_CV_QUAL
7869 | UNIFY_ALLOW_DERIVED);
7873 sub_strict = UNIFY_ALLOW_LESS_CV_QUAL;
7877 sub_strict = UNIFY_ALLOW_NONE;
7881 sub_strict = UNIFY_ALLOW_NONE;
7885 my_friendly_abort (0);
7897 && parms != void_list_node
7899 && args != void_list_node)
7901 parm = TREE_VALUE (parms);
7902 parms = TREE_CHAIN (parms);
7903 arg = TREE_VALUE (args);
7904 args = TREE_CHAIN (args);
7906 if (arg == error_mark_node)
7908 if (arg == unknown_type_node)
7909 /* We can't deduce anything from this, but we might get all the
7910 template args from other function args. */
7913 /* Conversions will be performed on a function argument that
7914 corresponds with a function parameter that contains only
7915 non-deducible template parameters and explicitly specified
7916 template parameters. */
7917 if (! uses_template_parms (parm))
7922 type = TREE_TYPE (arg);
7929 if (strict == DEDUCE_EXACT || strict == DEDUCE_ORDER)
7931 if (same_type_p (parm, type))
7935 /* It might work; we shouldn't check now, because we might
7936 get into infinite recursion. Overload resolution will
7945 my_friendly_assert (TREE_TYPE (arg) != NULL_TREE, 293);
7946 if (type_unknown_p (arg))
7948 /* [temp.deduct.type] A template-argument can be deduced from
7949 a pointer to function or pointer to member function
7950 argument if the set of overloaded functions does not
7951 contain function templates and at most one of a set of
7952 overloaded functions provides a unique match. */
7954 if (resolve_overloaded_unification
7955 (tparms, targs, parm, arg, strict, sub_strict)
7960 arg = TREE_TYPE (arg);
7964 int arg_strict = sub_strict;
7967 arg_strict |= maybe_adjust_types_for_deduction (strict, &parm, &arg);
7969 if (unify (tparms, targs, parm, arg, arg_strict))
7973 /* Are we done with the interesting parms? */
7977 /* Fail if we've reached the end of the parm list, and more args
7978 are present, and the parm list isn't variadic. */
7979 if (args && args != void_list_node && parms == void_list_node)
7981 /* Fail if parms are left and they don't have default values. */
7983 && parms != void_list_node
7984 && TREE_PURPOSE (parms) == NULL_TREE)
7989 for (i = 0; i < ntparms; i++)
7990 if (TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, i) == NULL_TREE)
7992 tree tparm = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (tparms, i));
7994 /* If this is an undeduced nontype parameter that depends on
7995 a type parameter, try another pass; its type may have been
7996 deduced from a later argument than the one from which
7997 this parameter can be deduced. */
7998 if (TREE_CODE (tparm) == PARM_DECL
7999 && uses_template_parms (TREE_TYPE (tparm))
8000 && !saw_undeduced++)
8003 if (!allow_incomplete)
8004 error ("incomplete type unification");
8010 /* Subroutine of type_unification_real. Args are like the variables at the
8011 call site. ARG is an overloaded function (or template-id); we try
8012 deducing template args from each of the overloads, and if only one
8013 succeeds, we go with that. Modifies TARGS and returns 0 on success. */
8016 resolve_overloaded_unification (tparms, targs, parm, arg, strict,
8018 tree tparms, targs, parm, arg;
8019 unification_kind_t strict;
8022 tree tempargs = copy_node (targs);
8025 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == ADDR_EXPR)
8026 arg = TREE_OPERAND (arg, 0);
8028 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == COMPONENT_REF)
8029 /* Handle `&x' where `x' is some static or non-static member
8031 arg = TREE_OPERAND (arg, 1);
8033 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == OFFSET_REF)
8034 arg = TREE_OPERAND (arg, 1);
8036 /* Strip baselink information. */
8037 while (TREE_CODE (arg) == TREE_LIST)
8038 arg = TREE_VALUE (arg);
8040 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
8042 /* If we got some explicit template args, we need to plug them into
8043 the affected templates before we try to unify, in case the
8044 explicit args will completely resolve the templates in question. */
8046 tree expl_subargs = TREE_OPERAND (arg, 1);
8047 arg = TREE_OPERAND (arg, 0);
8049 for (; arg; arg = OVL_NEXT (arg))
8051 tree fn = OVL_CURRENT (arg);
8054 if (TREE_CODE (fn) != TEMPLATE_DECL)
8057 subargs = get_bindings_overload (fn, DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (fn),
8061 elem = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (fn), subargs, /*complain=*/0,
8063 if (TREE_CODE (elem) == METHOD_TYPE)
8064 elem = build_ptrmemfunc_type (build_pointer_type (elem));
8065 good += try_one_overload (tparms, targs, tempargs, parm, elem,
8066 strict, sub_strict);
8070 else if (TREE_CODE (arg) == OVERLOAD)
8072 for (; arg; arg = OVL_NEXT (arg))
8074 tree type = TREE_TYPE (OVL_CURRENT (arg));
8075 if (TREE_CODE (type) == METHOD_TYPE)
8076 type = build_ptrmemfunc_type (build_pointer_type (type));
8077 good += try_one_overload (tparms, targs, tempargs, parm,
8079 strict, sub_strict);
8083 my_friendly_abort (981006);
8085 /* [temp.deduct.type] A template-argument can be deduced from a pointer
8086 to function or pointer to member function argument if the set of
8087 overloaded functions does not contain function templates and at most
8088 one of a set of overloaded functions provides a unique match.
8090 So if we found multiple possibilities, we return success but don't
8095 int i = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (targs);
8097 if (TREE_VEC_ELT (tempargs, i))
8098 TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, i) = TREE_VEC_ELT (tempargs, i);
8106 /* Subroutine of resolve_overloaded_unification; does deduction for a single
8107 overload. Fills TARGS with any deduced arguments, or error_mark_node if
8108 different overloads deduce different arguments for a given parm.
8109 Returns 1 on success. */
8112 try_one_overload (tparms, orig_targs, targs, parm, arg, strict,
8114 tree tparms, orig_targs, targs, parm, arg;
8115 unification_kind_t strict;
8122 /* [temp.deduct.type] A template-argument can be deduced from a pointer
8123 to function or pointer to member function argument if the set of
8124 overloaded functions does not contain function templates and at most
8125 one of a set of overloaded functions provides a unique match.
8127 So if this is a template, just return success. */
8129 if (uses_template_parms (arg))
8132 sub_strict |= maybe_adjust_types_for_deduction (strict, &parm, &arg);
8134 /* We don't copy orig_targs for this because if we have already deduced
8135 some template args from previous args, unify would complain when we
8136 try to deduce a template parameter for the same argument, even though
8137 there isn't really a conflict. */
8138 nargs = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (targs);
8139 tempargs = make_tree_vec (nargs);
8141 if (unify (tparms, tempargs, parm, arg, sub_strict) != 0)
8144 /* First make sure we didn't deduce anything that conflicts with
8145 explicitly specified args. */
8146 for (i = nargs; i--; )
8148 tree elt = TREE_VEC_ELT (tempargs, i);
8149 tree oldelt = TREE_VEC_ELT (orig_targs, i);
8151 if (elt == NULL_TREE)
8153 else if (uses_template_parms (elt))
8155 /* Since we're unifying against ourselves, we will fill in template
8156 args used in the function parm list with our own template parms.
8158 TREE_VEC_ELT (tempargs, i) = NULL_TREE;
8161 else if (oldelt && ! template_args_equal (oldelt, elt))
8165 for (i = nargs; i--; )
8167 tree elt = TREE_VEC_ELT (tempargs, i);
8170 TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, i) = elt;
8176 /* Verify that nondeduce template argument agrees with the type
8177 obtained from argument deduction. Return nonzero if the
8182 struct A { typedef int X; };
8183 template <class T, class U> struct C {};
8184 template <class T> struct C<T, typename T::X> {};
8186 Then with the instantiation `C<A, int>', we can deduce that
8187 `T' is `A' but unify () does not check whether `typename T::X'
8188 is `int'. This function ensure that they agree.
8190 TARGS, PARMS are the same as the arguments of unify.
8191 ARGS contains template arguments from all levels. */
8194 verify_class_unification (targs, parms, args)
8195 tree targs, parms, args;
8198 int nparms = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parms);
8199 tree new_parms = tsubst (parms, add_outermost_template_args (args, targs),
8200 /*complain=*/0, NULL_TREE);
8201 if (new_parms == error_mark_node)
8204 args = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (args);
8206 for (i = 0; i < nparms; i++)
8208 tree parm = TREE_VEC_ELT (new_parms, i);
8209 tree arg = TREE_VEC_ELT (args, i);
8211 /* In case we are deducing from a function argument of a function
8212 templates, some parameters may not be deduced yet. So we
8213 make sure that only fully substituted elements of PARM are
8216 if (!uses_template_parms (parm) && !template_args_equal (parm, arg))
8222 /* PARM is a template class (perhaps with unbound template
8223 parameters). ARG is a fully instantiated type. If ARG can be
8224 bound to PARM, return ARG, otherwise return NULL_TREE. TPARMS and
8225 TARGS are as for unify. */
8228 try_class_unification (tparms, targs, parm, arg)
8236 if (!CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (arg)
8237 || CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (arg) != CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (parm))
8240 /* We need to make a new template argument vector for the call to
8241 unify. If we used TARGS, we'd clutter it up with the result of
8242 the attempted unification, even if this class didn't work out.
8243 We also don't want to commit ourselves to all the unifications
8244 we've already done, since unification is supposed to be done on
8245 an argument-by-argument basis. In other words, consider the
8246 following pathological case:
8248 template <int I, int J, int K>
8251 template <int I, int J>
8252 struct S<I, J, 2> : public S<I, I, I>, S<J, J, J> {};
8254 template <int I, int J, int K>
8255 void f(S<I, J, K>, S<I, I, I>);
8264 Now, by the time we consider the unification involving `s2', we
8265 already know that we must have `f<0, 0, 0>'. But, even though
8266 `S<0, 1, 2>' is derived from `S<0, 0, 0>', the code is not legal
8267 because there are two ways to unify base classes of S<0, 1, 2>
8268 with S<I, I, I>. If we kept the already deduced knowledge, we
8269 would reject the possibility I=1. */
8270 copy_of_targs = make_tree_vec (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (targs));
8272 /* If unification failed, we're done. */
8273 if (unify (tparms, copy_of_targs, CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (parm),
8274 CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (arg), UNIFY_ALLOW_NONE))
8280 /* Subroutine of get_template_base. RVAL, if non-NULL, is a base we
8281 have already discovered to be satisfactory. ARG_BINFO is the binfo
8282 for the base class of ARG that we are currently examining. */
8285 get_template_base_recursive (tparms, targs, parm,
8286 arg_binfo, rval, flags)
8296 tree arg = BINFO_TYPE (arg_binfo);
8298 if (!(flags & GTB_IGNORE_TYPE))
8300 tree r = try_class_unification (tparms, targs,
8303 /* If there is more than one satisfactory baseclass, then:
8307 If they yield more than one possible deduced A, the type
8311 if (r && rval && !same_type_p (r, rval))
8312 return error_mark_node;
8317 binfos = BINFO_BASETYPES (arg_binfo);
8318 n_baselinks = binfos ? TREE_VEC_LENGTH (binfos) : 0;
8320 /* Process base types. */
8321 for (i = 0; i < n_baselinks; i++)
8323 tree base_binfo = TREE_VEC_ELT (binfos, i);
8326 /* Skip this base, if we've already seen it. */
8327 if (BINFO_MARKED (base_binfo))
8331 (flags & GTB_VIA_VIRTUAL) || TREE_VIA_VIRTUAL (base_binfo);
8333 /* When searching for a non-virtual, we cannot mark virtually
8336 SET_BINFO_MARKED (base_binfo);
8338 rval = get_template_base_recursive (tparms, targs,
8342 GTB_VIA_VIRTUAL * this_virtual);
8344 /* If we discovered more than one matching base class, we can
8346 if (rval == error_mark_node)
8347 return error_mark_node;
8353 /* Given a template type PARM and a class type ARG, find the unique
8354 base type in ARG that is an instance of PARM. We do not examine
8355 ARG itself; only its base-classes. If there is no appropriate base
8356 class, return NULL_TREE. If there is more than one, return
8357 error_mark_node. PARM may be the type of a partial specialization,
8358 as well as a plain template type. Used by unify. */
8361 get_template_base (tparms, targs, parm, arg)
8370 my_friendly_assert (IS_AGGR_TYPE_CODE (TREE_CODE (arg)), 92);
8372 arg_binfo = TYPE_BINFO (complete_type (arg));
8373 rval = get_template_base_recursive (tparms, targs,
8378 /* Since get_template_base_recursive marks the bases classes, we
8379 must unmark them here. */
8380 dfs_walk (arg_binfo, dfs_unmark, markedp, 0);
8385 /* Returns the level of DECL, which declares a template parameter. */
8388 template_decl_level (decl)
8391 switch (TREE_CODE (decl))
8395 return TEMPLATE_TYPE_LEVEL (TREE_TYPE (decl));
8398 return TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL (DECL_INITIAL (decl));
8401 my_friendly_abort (0);
8406 /* Decide whether ARG can be unified with PARM, considering only the
8407 cv-qualifiers of each type, given STRICT as documented for unify.
8408 Returns non-zero iff the unification is OK on that basis.*/
8411 check_cv_quals_for_unify (strict, arg, parm)
8416 if (!(strict & (UNIFY_ALLOW_MORE_CV_QUAL | UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_MORE_CV_QUAL))
8417 && !at_least_as_qualified_p (arg, parm))
8420 if (!(strict & (UNIFY_ALLOW_LESS_CV_QUAL | UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_LESS_CV_QUAL))
8421 && !at_least_as_qualified_p (parm, arg))
8427 /* Takes parameters as for type_unification. Returns 0 if the
8428 type deduction succeeds, 1 otherwise. The parameter STRICT is a
8429 bitwise or of the following flags:
8432 Require an exact match between PARM and ARG.
8433 UNIFY_ALLOW_MORE_CV_QUAL:
8434 Allow the deduced ARG to be more cv-qualified (by qualification
8435 conversion) than ARG.
8436 UNIFY_ALLOW_LESS_CV_QUAL:
8437 Allow the deduced ARG to be less cv-qualified than ARG.
8438 UNIFY_ALLOW_DERIVED:
8439 Allow the deduced ARG to be a template base class of ARG,
8440 or a pointer to a template base class of the type pointed to by
8442 UNIFY_ALLOW_INTEGER:
8443 Allow any integral type to be deduced. See the TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX
8444 case for more information.
8445 UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_LEVEL:
8446 This is the outermost level of a deduction. Used to determine validity
8447 of qualification conversions. A valid qualification conversion must
8448 have const qualified pointers leading up to the inner type which
8449 requires additional CV quals, except at the outer level, where const
8450 is not required [conv.qual]. It would be normal to set this flag in
8451 addition to setting UNIFY_ALLOW_MORE_CV_QUAL.
8452 UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_MORE_CV_QUAL:
8453 This is the outermost level of a deduction, and PARM can be more CV
8454 qualified at this point.
8455 UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_LESS_CV_QUAL:
8456 This is the outermost level of a deduction, and PARM can be less CV
8457 qualified at this point. */
8460 unify (tparms, targs, parm, arg, strict)
8461 tree tparms, targs, parm, arg;
8467 int strict_in = strict;
8469 /* I don't think this will do the right thing with respect to types.
8470 But the only case I've seen it in so far has been array bounds, where
8471 signedness is the only information lost, and I think that will be
8473 while (TREE_CODE (parm) == NOP_EXPR)
8474 parm = TREE_OPERAND (parm, 0);
8476 if (arg == error_mark_node)
8478 if (arg == unknown_type_node)
8479 /* We can't deduce anything from this, but we might get all the
8480 template args from other function args. */
8483 /* If PARM uses template parameters, then we can't bail out here,
8484 even if ARG == PARM, since we won't record unifications for the
8485 template parameters. We might need them if we're trying to
8486 figure out which of two things is more specialized. */
8487 if (arg == parm && !uses_template_parms (parm))
8490 /* Immediately reject some pairs that won't unify because of
8491 cv-qualification mismatches. */
8492 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TREE_CODE (parm)
8494 /* It is the elements of the array which hold the cv quals of an array
8495 type, and the elements might be template type parms. We'll check
8497 && TREE_CODE (arg) != ARRAY_TYPE
8498 /* We check the cv-qualifiers when unifying with template type
8499 parameters below. We want to allow ARG `const T' to unify with
8500 PARM `T' for example, when computing which of two templates
8501 is more specialized, for example. */
8502 && TREE_CODE (arg) != TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM
8503 && !check_cv_quals_for_unify (strict_in, arg, parm))
8506 if (!(strict & UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_LEVEL)
8507 && TYPE_P (arg) && !CP_TYPE_CONST_P (arg))
8508 strict &= ~UNIFY_ALLOW_MORE_CV_QUAL;
8509 strict &= ~UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_LEVEL;
8510 strict &= ~UNIFY_ALLOW_DERIVED;
8511 strict &= ~UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_MORE_CV_QUAL;
8512 strict &= ~UNIFY_ALLOW_OUTER_LESS_CV_QUAL;
8514 switch (TREE_CODE (parm))
8517 /* In a type which contains a nested-name-specifier, template
8518 argument values cannot be deduced for template parameters used
8519 within the nested-name-specifier. */
8522 case TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM:
8523 case TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
8524 case BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM:
8525 tparm = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (tparms, 0));
8527 if (TEMPLATE_TYPE_LEVEL (parm)
8528 != template_decl_level (tparm))
8529 /* The PARM is not one we're trying to unify. Just check
8530 to see if it matches ARG. */
8531 return (TREE_CODE (arg) == TREE_CODE (parm)
8532 && same_type_p (parm, arg)) ? 0 : 1;
8533 idx = TEMPLATE_TYPE_IDX (parm);
8534 targ = TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, idx);
8535 tparm = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (tparms, idx));
8537 /* Check for mixed types and values. */
8538 if ((TREE_CODE (parm) == TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM
8539 && TREE_CODE (tparm) != TYPE_DECL)
8540 || (TREE_CODE (parm) == TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM
8541 && TREE_CODE (tparm) != TEMPLATE_DECL))
8544 if (TREE_CODE (parm) == BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM)
8546 /* ARG must be constructed from a template class or a template
8547 template parameter. */
8548 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM
8549 && (TREE_CODE (arg) != RECORD_TYPE || !CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (arg)))
8553 tree parmtmpl = TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (parm);
8554 tree parmvec = TYPE_TI_ARGS (parm);
8555 tree argvec = TYPE_TI_ARGS (arg);
8557 = DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (arg));
8560 /* The parameter and argument roles have to be switched here
8561 in order to handle default arguments properly. For example,
8562 template<template <class> class TT> void f(TT<int>)
8563 should be able to accept vector<int> which comes from
8564 template <class T, class Allocator = allocator>
8567 if (coerce_template_parms (argtmplvec, parmvec, parmtmpl, 0, 1)
8571 /* Deduce arguments T, i from TT<T> or TT<i>.
8572 We check each element of PARMVEC and ARGVEC individually
8573 rather than the whole TREE_VEC since they can have
8574 different number of elements. */
8576 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parmvec); ++i)
8578 tree t = TREE_VEC_ELT (parmvec, i);
8580 if (unify (tparms, targs, t,
8581 TREE_VEC_ELT (argvec, i),
8586 arg = TYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (arg);
8588 /* Fall through to deduce template name. */
8591 if (TREE_CODE (parm) == TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM
8592 || TREE_CODE (parm) == BOUND_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM)
8594 /* Deduce template name TT from TT, TT<>, TT<T> and TT<i>. */
8596 /* Simple cases: Value already set, does match or doesn't. */
8597 if (targ != NULL_TREE && template_args_equal (targ, arg))
8604 /* If PARM is `const T' and ARG is only `int', we don't have
8605 a match unless we are allowing additional qualification.
8606 If ARG is `const int' and PARM is just `T' that's OK;
8607 that binds `const int' to `T'. */
8608 if (!check_cv_quals_for_unify (strict_in | UNIFY_ALLOW_LESS_CV_QUAL,
8612 /* Consider the case where ARG is `const volatile int' and
8613 PARM is `const T'. Then, T should be `volatile int'. */
8615 cp_build_qualified_type_real (arg,
8617 & ~CP_TYPE_QUALS (parm),
8619 if (arg == error_mark_node)
8622 /* Simple cases: Value already set, does match or doesn't. */
8623 if (targ != NULL_TREE && same_type_p (targ, arg))
8629 /* Make sure that ARG is not a variable-sized array. (Note that
8630 were talking about variable-sized arrays (like `int[n]'),
8631 rather than arrays of unknown size (like `int[]').) We'll
8632 get very confused by such a type since the bound of the array
8633 will not be computable in an instantiation. Besides, such
8634 types are not allowed in ISO C++, so we can do as we please
8636 if (TREE_CODE (arg) == ARRAY_TYPE
8637 && !uses_template_parms (arg)
8638 && TYPE_DOMAIN (arg)
8639 && (TREE_CODE (TYPE_MAX_VALUE (TYPE_DOMAIN (arg)))
8643 TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, idx) = arg;
8646 case TEMPLATE_PARM_INDEX:
8647 tparm = TREE_VALUE (TREE_VEC_ELT (tparms, 0));
8649 if (TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL (parm)
8650 != template_decl_level (tparm))
8651 /* The PARM is not one we're trying to unify. Just check
8652 to see if it matches ARG. */
8653 return (TREE_CODE (arg) == TREE_CODE (parm)
8654 && cp_tree_equal (parm, arg) > 0) ? 0 : 1;
8656 idx = TEMPLATE_PARM_IDX (parm);
8657 targ = TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, idx);
8661 int i = (cp_tree_equal (targ, arg) > 0);
8667 my_friendly_abort (42);
8670 /* [temp.deduct.type] If, in the declaration of a function template
8671 with a non-type template-parameter, the non-type
8672 template-parameter is used in an expression in the function
8673 parameter-list and, if the corresponding template-argument is
8674 deduced, the template-argument type shall match the type of the
8675 template-parameter exactly, except that a template-argument
8676 deduced from an array bound may be of any integral type.
8677 The non-type parameter might use already deduced type parameters. */
8678 tparm = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (parm), targs, 0, NULL_TREE);
8679 if (same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (arg), tparm))
8681 else if ((strict & UNIFY_ALLOW_INTEGER)
8682 && (TREE_CODE (tparm) == INTEGER_TYPE
8683 || TREE_CODE (tparm) == BOOLEAN_TYPE))
8685 else if (uses_template_parms (tparm))
8686 /* We haven't deduced the type of this parameter yet. Try again
8692 TREE_VEC_ELT (targs, idx) = arg;
8697 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != POINTER_TYPE)
8700 /* [temp.deduct.call]
8702 A can be another pointer or pointer to member type that can
8703 be converted to the deduced A via a qualification
8704 conversion (_conv.qual_).
8706 We pass down STRICT here rather than UNIFY_ALLOW_NONE.
8707 This will allow for additional cv-qualification of the
8708 pointed-to types if appropriate. */
8710 if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (arg)) == RECORD_TYPE)
8711 /* The derived-to-base conversion only persists through one
8712 level of pointers. */
8713 strict |= (strict_in & UNIFY_ALLOW_DERIVED);
8715 return unify (tparms, targs, TREE_TYPE (parm),
8716 TREE_TYPE (arg), strict);
8719 case REFERENCE_TYPE:
8720 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != REFERENCE_TYPE)
8722 return unify (tparms, targs, TREE_TYPE (parm), TREE_TYPE (arg),
8723 strict & UNIFY_ALLOW_MORE_CV_QUAL);
8726 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != ARRAY_TYPE)
8728 if ((TYPE_DOMAIN (parm) == NULL_TREE)
8729 != (TYPE_DOMAIN (arg) == NULL_TREE))
8731 if (TYPE_DOMAIN (parm) != NULL_TREE
8732 && unify (tparms, targs, TYPE_DOMAIN (parm),
8733 TYPE_DOMAIN (arg), UNIFY_ALLOW_NONE) != 0)
8735 return unify (tparms, targs, TREE_TYPE (parm), TREE_TYPE (arg),
8744 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != TREE_CODE (parm))
8747 if (TREE_CODE (parm) == INTEGER_TYPE
8748 && TREE_CODE (TYPE_MAX_VALUE (parm)) != INTEGER_CST)
8750 if (TYPE_MIN_VALUE (parm) && TYPE_MIN_VALUE (arg)
8751 && unify (tparms, targs, TYPE_MIN_VALUE (parm),
8752 TYPE_MIN_VALUE (arg), UNIFY_ALLOW_INTEGER))
8754 if (TYPE_MAX_VALUE (parm) && TYPE_MAX_VALUE (arg)
8755 && unify (tparms, targs, TYPE_MAX_VALUE (parm),
8756 TYPE_MAX_VALUE (arg), UNIFY_ALLOW_INTEGER))
8759 /* We have already checked cv-qualification at the top of the
8761 else if (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (arg, parm))
8764 /* As far as unification is concerned, this wins. Later checks
8765 will invalidate it if necessary. */
8768 /* Types INTEGER_CST and MINUS_EXPR can come from array bounds. */
8769 /* Type INTEGER_CST can come from ordinary constant template args. */
8771 while (TREE_CODE (arg) == NOP_EXPR)
8772 arg = TREE_OPERAND (arg, 0);
8774 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != INTEGER_CST)
8776 return !tree_int_cst_equal (parm, arg);
8781 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != TREE_VEC)
8783 if (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parm) != TREE_VEC_LENGTH (arg))
8785 for (i = 0; i < TREE_VEC_LENGTH (parm); ++i)
8786 if (unify (tparms, targs,
8787 TREE_VEC_ELT (parm, i), TREE_VEC_ELT (arg, i),
8795 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != TREE_CODE (parm))
8798 if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (parm))
8800 if (!TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (arg))
8803 return unify (tparms, targs,
8804 TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (parm),
8805 TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (arg),
8809 if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (parm))
8813 if (strict_in & UNIFY_ALLOW_DERIVED)
8815 /* First, we try to unify the PARM and ARG directly. */
8816 t = try_class_unification (tparms, targs,
8821 /* Fallback to the special case allowed in
8824 If P is a class, and P has the form
8825 template-id, then A can be a derived class of
8826 the deduced A. Likewise, if P is a pointer to
8827 a class of the form template-id, A can be a
8828 pointer to a derived class pointed to by the
8830 t = get_template_base (tparms, targs,
8833 if (! t || t == error_mark_node)
8837 else if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (arg)
8838 && (CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (parm)
8839 == CLASSTYPE_TI_TEMPLATE (arg)))
8840 /* Perhaps PARM is something like S<U> and ARG is S<int>.
8841 Then, we should unify `int' and `U'. */
8844 /* There's no chance of unification succeeding. */
8847 return unify (tparms, targs, CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (parm),
8848 CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (t), UNIFY_ALLOW_NONE);
8850 else if (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (parm, arg))
8856 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != TREE_CODE (parm))
8859 if (unify (tparms, targs, TREE_TYPE (parm),
8860 TREE_TYPE (arg), UNIFY_ALLOW_NONE))
8862 return type_unification_real (tparms, targs, TYPE_ARG_TYPES (parm),
8863 TYPE_ARG_TYPES (arg), 1,
8864 DEDUCE_EXACT, 0, -1);
8867 if (TREE_CODE (arg) != OFFSET_TYPE)
8869 if (unify (tparms, targs, TYPE_OFFSET_BASETYPE (parm),
8870 TYPE_OFFSET_BASETYPE (arg), UNIFY_ALLOW_NONE))
8872 return unify (tparms, targs, TREE_TYPE (parm), TREE_TYPE (arg),
8876 if (arg != decl_constant_value (parm))
8881 /* Matched cases are handled by the ARG == PARM test above. */
8885 if (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (parm, 1)) == INTEGER_CST)
8887 /* We handle this case specially, since it comes up with
8888 arrays. In particular, something like:
8890 template <int N> void f(int (&x)[N]);
8892 Here, we are trying to unify the range type, which
8893 looks like [0 ... (N - 1)]. */
8895 t1 = TREE_OPERAND (parm, 0);
8896 t2 = TREE_OPERAND (parm, 1);
8898 t = fold (build (PLUS_EXPR, integer_type_node, arg, t2));
8900 return unify (tparms, targs, t1, t, strict);
8902 /* else fall through */
8905 if (IS_EXPR_CODE_CLASS (TREE_CODE_CLASS (TREE_CODE (parm))))
8908 /* We're looking at an expression. This can happen with
8912 void foo(S<I>, S<I + 2>);
8914 This is a "nondeduced context":
8918 The nondeduced contexts are:
8920 --A type that is a template-id in which one or more of
8921 the template-arguments is an expression that references
8922 a template-parameter.
8924 In these cases, we assume deduction succeeded, but don't
8925 actually infer any unifications. */
8927 if (!uses_template_parms (parm)
8928 && !template_args_equal (parm, arg))
8934 sorry ("use of `%s' in template type unification",
8935 tree_code_name [(int) TREE_CODE (parm)]);
8941 /* Called if RESULT is explicitly instantiated, or is a member of an
8942 explicitly instantiated class, or if using -frepo and the
8943 instantiation of RESULT has been assigned to this file. */
8946 mark_decl_instantiated (result, extern_p)
8950 if (TREE_CODE (result) != FUNCTION_DECL)
8951 /* The TREE_PUBLIC flag for function declarations will have been
8952 set correctly by tsubst. */
8953 TREE_PUBLIC (result) = 1;
8955 /* We used to set this unconditionally; we moved that to
8956 do_decl_instantiation so it wouldn't get set on members of
8957 explicit class template instantiations. But we still need to set
8958 it here for the 'extern template' case in order to suppress
8959 implicit instantiations. */
8961 SET_DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (result);
8965 DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (result) = 1;
8966 DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (result) = 1;
8968 /* Always make artificials weak. */
8969 if (DECL_ARTIFICIAL (result) && flag_weak)
8970 comdat_linkage (result);
8971 /* For WIN32 we also want to put explicit instantiations in
8972 linkonce sections. */
8973 else if (TREE_PUBLIC (result))
8974 maybe_make_one_only (result);
8976 else if (TREE_CODE (result) == FUNCTION_DECL)
8980 /* Given two function templates PAT1 and PAT2, return:
8982 DEDUCE should be DEDUCE_EXACT or DEDUCE_ORDER.
8984 1 if PAT1 is more specialized than PAT2 as described in [temp.func.order].
8985 -1 if PAT2 is more specialized than PAT1.
8986 0 if neither is more specialized.
8988 LEN is passed through to fn_type_unification. */
8991 more_specialized (pat1, pat2, deduce, len)
8999 targs = get_bindings_real (pat1, DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (pat2),
9000 NULL_TREE, 0, deduce, len);
9004 targs = get_bindings_real (pat2, DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (pat1),
9005 NULL_TREE, 0, deduce, len);
9012 /* Given two class template specialization list nodes PAT1 and PAT2, return:
9014 1 if PAT1 is more specialized than PAT2 as described in [temp.class.order].
9015 -1 if PAT2 is more specialized than PAT1.
9016 0 if neither is more specialized. */
9019 more_specialized_class (pat1, pat2)
9025 targs = get_class_bindings (TREE_VALUE (pat1), TREE_PURPOSE (pat1),
9026 TREE_PURPOSE (pat2));
9030 targs = get_class_bindings (TREE_VALUE (pat2), TREE_PURPOSE (pat2),
9031 TREE_PURPOSE (pat1));
9038 /* Return the template arguments that will produce the function signature
9039 DECL from the function template FN, with the explicit template
9040 arguments EXPLICIT_ARGS. If CHECK_RETTYPE is 1, the return type must
9041 also match. Return NULL_TREE if no satisfactory arguments could be
9042 found. DEDUCE and LEN are passed through to fn_type_unification. */
9045 get_bindings_real (fn, decl, explicit_args, check_rettype, deduce, len)
9046 tree fn, decl, explicit_args;
9047 int check_rettype, deduce, len;
9049 int ntparms = DECL_NTPARMS (fn);
9050 tree targs = make_tree_vec (ntparms);
9052 tree decl_arg_types;
9055 /* Substitute the explicit template arguments into the type of DECL.
9056 The call to fn_type_unification will handle substitution into the
9058 decl_type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
9059 if (explicit_args && uses_template_parms (decl_type))
9062 tree converted_args;
9064 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl))
9065 tmpl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
9067 /* We can get here for some illegal specializations. */
9071 = (coerce_template_parms (DECL_INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl),
9072 explicit_args, NULL_TREE,
9074 /*require_all_arguments=*/0));
9075 if (converted_args == error_mark_node)
9078 decl_type = tsubst (decl_type, converted_args, /*complain=*/0,
9080 if (decl_type == error_mark_node)
9084 decl_arg_types = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (decl_type);
9085 /* Never do unification on the 'this' parameter. */
9086 if (DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (decl))
9087 decl_arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (decl_arg_types);
9089 i = fn_type_unification (fn, explicit_args, targs,
9091 (check_rettype || DECL_CONV_FN_P (fn)
9092 ? TREE_TYPE (decl_type) : NULL_TREE),
9101 /* For most uses, we want to check the return type. */
9104 get_bindings (fn, decl, explicit_args)
9105 tree fn, decl, explicit_args;
9107 return get_bindings_real (fn, decl, explicit_args, 1, DEDUCE_EXACT, -1);
9110 /* But for resolve_overloaded_unification, we only care about the parameter
9114 get_bindings_overload (fn, decl, explicit_args)
9115 tree fn, decl, explicit_args;
9117 return get_bindings_real (fn, decl, explicit_args, 0, DEDUCE_EXACT, -1);
9120 /* Return the innermost template arguments that, when applied to a
9121 template specialization whose innermost template parameters are
9122 TPARMS, and whose specialization arguments are ARGS, yield the
9125 For example, suppose we have:
9127 template <class T, class U> struct S {};
9128 template <class T> struct S<T*, int> {};
9130 Then, suppose we want to get `S<double*, int>'. The TPARMS will be
9131 {T}, the PARMS will be {T*, int} and the ARGS will be {double*,
9132 int}. The resulting vector will be {double}, indicating that `T'
9133 is bound to `double'. */
9136 get_class_bindings (tparms, parms, args)
9137 tree tparms, parms, args;
9139 int i, ntparms = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (tparms);
9140 tree vec = make_tree_vec (ntparms);
9142 if (unify (tparms, vec, parms, INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (args),
9146 for (i = 0; i < ntparms; ++i)
9147 if (! TREE_VEC_ELT (vec, i))
9150 if (verify_class_unification (vec, parms, args))
9156 /* In INSTANTIATIONS is a list of <INSTANTIATION, TEMPLATE> pairs.
9157 Pick the most specialized template, and return the corresponding
9158 instantiation, or if there is no corresponding instantiation, the
9159 template itself. If there is no most specialized template,
9160 error_mark_node is returned. If there are no templates at all,
9161 NULL_TREE is returned. */
9164 most_specialized_instantiation (instantiations)
9165 tree instantiations;
9170 if (!instantiations)
9173 champ = instantiations;
9174 for (fn = TREE_CHAIN (instantiations); fn; fn = TREE_CHAIN (fn))
9176 fate = more_specialized (TREE_VALUE (champ), TREE_VALUE (fn),
9184 fn = TREE_CHAIN (fn);
9186 return error_mark_node;
9192 for (fn = instantiations; fn && fn != champ; fn = TREE_CHAIN (fn))
9194 fate = more_specialized (TREE_VALUE (champ), TREE_VALUE (fn),
9197 return error_mark_node;
9200 return TREE_PURPOSE (champ) ? TREE_PURPOSE (champ) : TREE_VALUE (champ);
9203 /* Return the most specialized of the list of templates in FNS that can
9204 produce an instantiation matching DECL, given the explicit template
9205 arguments EXPLICIT_ARGS. */
9208 most_specialized (fns, decl, explicit_args)
9209 tree fns, decl, explicit_args;
9211 tree candidates = NULL_TREE;
9214 for (fn = fns; fn; fn = TREE_CHAIN (fn))
9216 tree candidate = TREE_VALUE (fn);
9218 args = get_bindings (candidate, decl, explicit_args);
9220 candidates = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, candidate, candidates);
9223 return most_specialized_instantiation (candidates);
9226 /* If DECL is a specialization of some template, return the most
9227 general such template. Otherwise, returns NULL_TREE.
9231 template <class T> struct S { template <class U> void f(U); };
9233 if TMPL is `template <class U> void S<int>::f(U)' this will return
9234 the full template. This function will not trace past partial
9235 specializations, however. For example, given in addition:
9237 template <class T> struct S<T*> { template <class U> void f(U); };
9239 if TMPL is `template <class U> void S<int*>::f(U)' this will return
9240 `template <class T> template <class U> S<T*>::f(U)'. */
9243 most_general_template (decl)
9246 /* If DECL is a FUNCTION_DECL, find the TEMPLATE_DECL of which it is
9247 an immediate specialization. */
9248 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL)
9250 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl)) {
9251 decl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
9253 /* The DECL_TI_TEMPLATE can be an IDENTIFIER_NODE for a
9255 if (TREE_CODE (decl) != TEMPLATE_DECL)
9261 /* Look for more and more general templates. */
9262 while (DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl))
9264 /* The DECL_TI_TEMPLATE can be a LOOKUP_EXPR or IDENTIFIER_NODE
9265 in some cases. (See cp-tree.h for details.) */
9266 if (TREE_CODE (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl)) != TEMPLATE_DECL)
9269 /* Stop if we run into an explicitly specialized class template. */
9270 if (!DECL_NAMESPACE_SCOPE_P (decl)
9271 && DECL_CONTEXT (decl)
9272 && CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (DECL_CONTEXT (decl)))
9275 decl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
9281 /* Return the most specialized of the class template specializations
9282 of TMPL which can produce an instantiation matching ARGS, or
9283 error_mark_node if the choice is ambiguous. */
9286 most_specialized_class (tmpl, args)
9290 tree list = NULL_TREE;
9295 tmpl = most_general_template (tmpl);
9296 for (t = DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATIONS (tmpl); t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
9299 = get_class_bindings (TREE_VALUE (t), TREE_PURPOSE (t), args);
9302 list = tree_cons (TREE_PURPOSE (t), TREE_VALUE (t), list);
9303 TREE_TYPE (list) = TREE_TYPE (t);
9313 for (; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
9315 fate = more_specialized_class (champ, t);
9324 return error_mark_node;
9330 for (t = list; t && t != champ; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
9332 fate = more_specialized_class (champ, t);
9334 return error_mark_node;
9340 /* called from the parser. */
9343 do_decl_instantiation (declspecs, declarator, storage)
9344 tree declspecs, declarator, storage;
9346 tree decl = grokdeclarator (declarator, declspecs, NORMAL, 0, NULL_TREE);
9347 tree result = NULL_TREE;
9351 /* An error occurred, for which grokdeclarator has already issued
9352 an appropriate message. */
9354 else if (! DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (decl))
9356 cp_error ("explicit instantiation of non-template `%#D'", decl);
9359 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL)
9361 /* There is an asymmetry here in the way VAR_DECLs and
9362 FUNCTION_DECLs are handled by grokdeclarator. In the case of
9363 the latter, the DECL we get back will be marked as a
9364 template instantiation, and the appropriate
9365 DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO will be set up. This does not happen for
9366 VAR_DECLs so we do the lookup here. Probably, grokdeclarator
9367 should handle VAR_DECLs as it currently handles
9369 result = lookup_field (DECL_CONTEXT (decl), DECL_NAME (decl), 0, 0);
9370 if (result && TREE_CODE (result) != VAR_DECL)
9372 cp_error ("no matching template for `%D' found", result);
9376 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) != FUNCTION_DECL)
9378 cp_error ("explicit instantiation of `%#D'", decl);
9384 /* Check for various error cases. Note that if the explicit
9385 instantiation is legal the RESULT will currently be marked as an
9386 *implicit* instantiation; DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION is not set
9387 until we get here. */
9389 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (result))
9393 No program shall both explicitly instantiate and explicitly
9394 specialize a template. */
9395 cp_pedwarn ("explicit instantiation of `%#D' after", result);
9396 cp_pedwarn_at ("explicit specialization here", result);
9399 else if (DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (result))
9403 No program shall explicitly instantiate any template more
9406 We check DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN so as not to complain when the first
9407 instantiation was `extern' and the second is not, and EXTERN_P for
9408 the opposite case. If -frepo, chances are we already got marked
9409 as an explicit instantiation because of the repo file. */
9410 if (DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (result) && !extern_p && !flag_use_repository)
9411 cp_pedwarn ("duplicate explicit instantiation of `%#D'", result);
9413 /* If we've already instantiated the template, just return now. */
9414 if (DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (result))
9417 else if (!DECL_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (result))
9419 cp_error ("no matching template for `%D' found", result);
9422 else if (!DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (result))
9424 cp_pedwarn ("explicit instantiation of non-template `%#D'", result);
9428 if (flag_external_templates)
9431 if (storage == NULL_TREE)
9433 else if (storage == ridpointers[(int) RID_EXTERN])
9436 cp_pedwarn ("ISO C++ forbids the use of `extern' on explicit instantiations");
9440 cp_error ("storage class `%D' applied to template instantiation",
9443 SET_DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (result);
9444 mark_decl_instantiated (result, extern_p);
9445 repo_template_instantiated (result, extern_p);
9447 instantiate_decl (result, /*defer_ok=*/1);
9451 mark_class_instantiated (t, extern_p)
9455 SET_CLASSTYPE_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (t);
9456 SET_CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (t);
9457 CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (t) = extern_p;
9458 TYPE_DECL_SUPPRESS_DEBUG (TYPE_NAME (t)) = extern_p;
9461 CLASSTYPE_DEBUG_REQUESTED (t) = 1;
9462 rest_of_type_compilation (t, 1);
9466 /* Perform an explicit instantiation of template class T. STORAGE, if
9467 non-null, is the RID for extern, inline or static. COMPLAIN is
9468 non-zero if this is called from the parser, zero if called recursively,
9469 since the standard is unclear (as detailed below). */
9472 do_type_instantiation (t, storage, complain)
9480 if (TREE_CODE (t) == TYPE_DECL)
9483 if (! CLASS_TYPE_P (t) || ! CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (t))
9485 cp_error ("explicit instantiation of non-template type `%T'", t);
9491 /* With -fexternal-templates, explicit instantiations are treated the same
9492 as implicit ones. */
9493 if (flag_external_templates)
9496 if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (t))
9499 cp_error ("explicit instantiation of `%#T' before definition of template",
9504 if (storage != NULL_TREE)
9507 cp_pedwarn("ISO C++ forbids the use of `%s' on explicit instantiations",
9508 IDENTIFIER_POINTER (storage));
9510 if (storage == ridpointers[(int) RID_INLINE])
9512 else if (storage == ridpointers[(int) RID_EXTERN])
9514 else if (storage == ridpointers[(int) RID_STATIC])
9518 cp_error ("storage class `%D' applied to template instantiation",
9524 if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (t))
9528 No program shall both explicitly instantiate and explicitly
9529 specialize a template. */
9532 cp_error ("explicit instantiation of `%#T' after", t);
9533 cp_error_at ("explicit specialization here", t);
9537 else if (CLASSTYPE_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (t))
9541 No program shall explicitly instantiate any template more
9544 If CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY, then the first explicit instantiation
9545 was `extern'. If EXTERN_P then the second is. If -frepo, chances
9546 are we already got marked as an explicit instantion because of the
9547 repo file. All these cases are OK. */
9548 if (!CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (t) && !extern_p && !flag_use_repository
9550 cp_pedwarn ("duplicate explicit instantiation of `%#T'", t);
9552 /* If we've already instantiated the template, just return now. */
9553 if (!CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (t))
9557 mark_class_instantiated (t, extern_p);
9558 repo_template_instantiated (t, extern_p);
9566 /* In contrast to implicit instantiation, where only the
9567 declarations, and not the definitions, of members are
9568 instantiated, we have here:
9572 The explicit instantiation of a class template specialization
9573 implies the instantiation of all of its members not
9574 previously explicitly specialized in the translation unit
9575 containing the explicit instantiation.
9577 Of course, we can't instantiate member template classes, since
9578 we don't have any arguments for them. Note that the standard
9579 is unclear on whether the instantiation of the members are
9580 *explicit* instantiations or not. We choose to be generous,
9581 and not set DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION. Therefore, we allow
9582 the explicit instantiation of a class where some of the members
9583 have no definition in the current translation unit. */
9586 for (tmp = TYPE_METHODS (t); tmp; tmp = TREE_CHAIN (tmp))
9587 if (TREE_CODE (tmp) == FUNCTION_DECL
9588 && DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (tmp))
9590 mark_decl_instantiated (tmp, extern_p);
9591 repo_template_instantiated (tmp, extern_p);
9593 instantiate_decl (tmp, /*defer_ok=*/1);
9596 for (tmp = TYPE_FIELDS (t); tmp; tmp = TREE_CHAIN (tmp))
9597 if (TREE_CODE (tmp) == VAR_DECL && DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (tmp))
9599 mark_decl_instantiated (tmp, extern_p);
9600 repo_template_instantiated (tmp, extern_p);
9602 instantiate_decl (tmp, /*defer_ok=*/1);
9605 for (tmp = CLASSTYPE_TAGS (t); tmp; tmp = TREE_CHAIN (tmp))
9606 if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (TREE_VALUE (tmp))
9607 && !uses_template_parms (CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (TREE_VALUE (tmp))))
9608 do_type_instantiation (TYPE_MAIN_DECL (TREE_VALUE (tmp)), storage, 0);
9612 /* Given a function DECL, which is a specialization of TMPL, modify
9613 DECL to be a re-instantiation of TMPL with the same template
9614 arguments. TMPL should be the template into which tsubst'ing
9615 should occur for DECL, not the most general template.
9617 One reason for doing this is a scenario like this:
9620 void f(const T&, int i);
9622 void g() { f(3, 7); }
9625 void f(const T& t, const int i) { }
9627 Note that when the template is first instantiated, with
9628 instantiate_template, the resulting DECL will have no name for the
9629 first parameter, and the wrong type for the second. So, when we go
9630 to instantiate the DECL, we regenerate it. */
9633 regenerate_decl_from_template (decl, tmpl)
9637 /* The most general version of TMPL. */
9639 /* The arguments used to instantiate DECL, from the most general
9646 args = DECL_TI_ARGS (decl);
9647 code_pattern = DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (tmpl);
9649 /* Unregister the specialization so that when we tsubst we will not
9650 just return DECL. We don't have to unregister DECL from TMPL
9651 because if would only be registered there if it were a partial
9652 instantiation of a specialization, which it isn't: it's a full
9654 gen_tmpl = most_general_template (tmpl);
9655 unregistered = unregister_specialization (decl, gen_tmpl);
9657 /* If the DECL was not unregistered then something peculiar is
9658 happening: we created a specialization but did not call
9659 register_specialization for it. */
9660 my_friendly_assert (unregistered, 0);
9662 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL)
9663 /* Make sure that we can see identifiers, and compute access
9664 correctly, for the class members used in the declaration of
9665 this static variable. */
9666 pushclass (DECL_CONTEXT (decl), 2);
9668 /* Do the substitution to get the new declaration. */
9669 new_decl = tsubst (code_pattern, args, /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
9671 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL)
9673 /* Set up DECL_INITIAL, since tsubst doesn't. */
9674 DECL_INITIAL (new_decl) =
9675 tsubst_expr (DECL_INITIAL (code_pattern), args,
9676 /*complain=*/1, DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl));
9677 /* Pop the class context we pushed above. */
9680 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL)
9682 /* Convince duplicate_decls to use the DECL_ARGUMENTS from the
9684 DECL_INITIAL (new_decl) = error_mark_node;
9685 /* And don't complain about a duplicate definition. */
9686 DECL_INITIAL (decl) = NULL_TREE;
9689 /* The immediate parent of the new template is still whatever it was
9690 before, even though tsubst sets DECL_TI_TEMPLATE up as the most
9691 general template. We also reset the DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME since
9692 tsubst always calculates the name as if the function in question
9693 were really a template instance, and sometimes, with friend
9694 functions, this is not so. See tsubst_friend_function for
9696 DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (new_decl) = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
9697 COPY_DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (decl, new_decl);
9698 COPY_DECL_RTL (decl, new_decl);
9699 DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (new_decl) = DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (decl);
9701 /* Call duplicate decls to merge the old and new declarations. */
9702 duplicate_decls (new_decl, decl);
9704 /* Now, re-register the specialization. */
9705 register_specialization (decl, gen_tmpl, args);
9708 /* Produce the definition of D, a _DECL generated from a template. If
9709 DEFER_OK is non-zero, then we don't have to actually do the
9710 instantiation now; we just have to do it sometime. */
9713 instantiate_decl (d, defer_ok)
9717 tree tmpl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (d);
9718 tree args = DECL_TI_ARGS (d);
9723 int pattern_defined;
9726 const char *file = input_filename;
9728 /* This function should only be used to instantiate templates for
9729 functions and static member variables. */
9730 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (d) == FUNCTION_DECL
9731 || TREE_CODE (d) == VAR_DECL, 0);
9733 /* Don't instantiate cloned functions. Instead, instantiate the
9734 functions they cloned. */
9735 if (TREE_CODE (d) == FUNCTION_DECL && DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION_P (d))
9736 d = DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION (d);
9738 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATED (d))
9739 /* D has already been instantiated. It might seem reasonable to
9740 check whether or not D is an explicit instantiation, and, if so,
9741 stop here. But when an explicit instantiation is deferred
9742 until the end of the compilation, DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION
9743 is set, even though we still need to do the instantiation. */
9746 /* If we already have a specialization of this declaration, then
9747 there's no reason to instantiate it. Note that
9748 retrieve_specialization gives us both instantiations and
9749 specializations, so we must explicitly check
9750 DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION. */
9751 gen_tmpl = most_general_template (tmpl);
9752 spec = retrieve_specialization (gen_tmpl, args);
9753 if (spec != NULL_TREE && DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (spec))
9756 /* This needs to happen before any tsubsting. */
9757 if (! push_tinst_level (d))
9760 timevar_push (TV_PARSE);
9762 /* Set TD to the template whose DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT is the pattern
9763 for the instantiation. This is not always the most general
9764 template. Consider, for example:
9767 struct S { template <class U> void f();
9768 template <> void f<int>(); };
9770 and an instantiation of S<double>::f<int>. We want TD to be the
9771 specialization S<T>::f<int>, not the more general S<T>::f<U>. */
9773 while (/* An instantiation cannot have a definition, so we need a
9774 more general template. */
9775 DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (td)
9776 /* We must also deal with friend templates. Given:
9778 template <class T> struct S {
9779 template <class U> friend void f() {};
9782 S<int>::f<U> say, is not an instantiation of S<T>::f<U>,
9783 so far as the language is concerned, but that's still
9784 where we get the pattern for the instantiation from. On
9785 other hand, if the definition comes outside the class, say:
9787 template <class T> struct S {
9788 template <class U> friend void f();
9790 template <class U> friend void f() {}
9792 we don't need to look any further. That's what the check for
9793 DECL_INITIAL is for. */
9794 || (TREE_CODE (d) == FUNCTION_DECL
9795 && DECL_FRIEND_PSEUDO_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (td)
9796 && !DECL_INITIAL (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (td))))
9798 /* The present template, TD, should not be a definition. If it
9799 were a definition, we should be using it! Note that we
9800 cannot restructure the loop to just keep going until we find
9801 a template with a definition, since that might go too far if
9802 a specialization was declared, but not defined. */
9803 my_friendly_assert (!(TREE_CODE (d) == VAR_DECL
9804 && !DECL_IN_AGGR_P (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (td))),
9807 /* Fetch the more general template. */
9808 td = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (td);
9811 code_pattern = DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (td);
9813 if (TREE_CODE (d) == FUNCTION_DECL)
9814 pattern_defined = (DECL_SAVED_TREE (code_pattern) != NULL_TREE);
9816 pattern_defined = ! DECL_IN_AGGR_P (code_pattern);
9818 lineno = DECL_SOURCE_LINE (d);
9819 input_filename = DECL_SOURCE_FILE (d);
9821 if (pattern_defined)
9823 /* Let the repository code that this template definition is
9826 The repository doesn't need to know about cloned functions
9827 because they never actually show up in the object file. It
9828 does need to know about the clones; those are the symbols
9829 that the linker will be emitting error messages about. */
9830 if (DECL_MAYBE_IN_CHARGE_CONSTRUCTOR_P (d)
9831 || DECL_MAYBE_IN_CHARGE_DESTRUCTOR_P (d))
9835 for (t = TREE_CHAIN (d);
9836 t && DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION_P (t);
9838 repo_template_used (t);
9841 repo_template_used (d);
9843 if (flag_external_templates && ! DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (d))
9845 if (flag_alt_external_templates)
9847 if (interface_unknown)
9848 warn_if_unknown_interface (d);
9850 else if (DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (code_pattern))
9852 DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (d) = 1;
9853 DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (d) = ! DECL_EXTERNAL (code_pattern);
9856 warn_if_unknown_interface (code_pattern);
9860 import_export_decl (d);
9863 if (TREE_CODE (d) == VAR_DECL && DECL_INITIALIZED_IN_CLASS_P (d)
9864 && DECL_INITIAL (d) == NULL_TREE)
9865 /* We should have set up DECL_INITIAL in instantiate_class_template. */
9867 /* Reject all external templates except inline functions. */
9868 else if (DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (d)
9869 && ! DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (d)
9870 && ! (TREE_CODE (d) == FUNCTION_DECL && DECL_INLINE (d)))
9872 /* Defer all other templates, unless we have been explicitly
9873 forbidden from doing so. We restore the source position here
9874 because it's used by add_pending_template. */
9875 else if (! pattern_defined || defer_ok)
9878 input_filename = file;
9880 if (at_eof && !pattern_defined
9881 && DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (d))
9884 The definition of a non-exported function template, a
9885 non-exported member function template, or a non-exported
9886 member function or static data member of a class template
9887 shall be present in every translation unit in which it is
9888 explicitly instantiated. */
9890 ("explicit instantiation of `%D' but no definition available", d);
9892 add_pending_template (d);
9896 need_push = !global_bindings_p ();
9898 push_to_top_level ();
9900 /* We're now committed to instantiating this template. Mark it as
9901 instantiated so that recursive calls to instantiate_decl do not
9902 try to instantiate it again. */
9903 DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATED (d) = 1;
9905 /* Regenerate the declaration in case the template has been modified
9906 by a subsequent redeclaration. */
9907 regenerate_decl_from_template (d, td);
9909 /* We already set the file and line above. Reset them now in case
9910 they changed as a result of calling regenerate_decl_from_template. */
9911 lineno = DECL_SOURCE_LINE (d);
9912 input_filename = DECL_SOURCE_FILE (d);
9914 if (TREE_CODE (d) == VAR_DECL)
9916 DECL_IN_AGGR_P (d) = 0;
9917 if (DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (d))
9918 DECL_EXTERNAL (d) = ! DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (d);
9921 DECL_EXTERNAL (d) = 1;
9922 DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (d) = 1;
9924 cp_finish_decl (d, DECL_INITIAL (d), NULL_TREE, 0);
9926 else if (TREE_CODE (d) == FUNCTION_DECL)
9928 htab_t saved_local_specializations;
9930 /* Save away the current list, in case we are instantiating one
9931 template from within the body of another. */
9932 saved_local_specializations = local_specializations;
9934 /* Set up the list of local specializations. */
9935 local_specializations = htab_create (37,
9940 /* Set up context. */
9941 start_function (NULL_TREE, d, NULL_TREE, SF_PRE_PARSED);
9943 /* Substitute into the body of the function. */
9944 tsubst_expr (DECL_SAVED_TREE (code_pattern), args,
9945 /*complain=*/1, tmpl);
9947 /* We don't need the local specializations any more. */
9948 htab_delete (local_specializations);
9949 local_specializations = saved_local_specializations;
9951 /* Finish the function. */
9952 expand_body (finish_function (0));
9955 /* We're not deferring instantiation any more. */
9956 TI_PENDING_TEMPLATE_FLAG (DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (d)) = 0;
9959 pop_from_top_level ();
9963 input_filename = file;
9967 timevar_pop (TV_PARSE);
9972 /* Run through the list of templates that we wish we could
9973 instantiate, and instantiate any we can. */
9976 instantiate_pending_templates ()
9979 tree last = NULL_TREE;
9980 int instantiated_something = 0;
9987 t = &pending_templates;
9990 tree instantiation = TREE_VALUE (*t);
9992 reopen_tinst_level (TREE_PURPOSE (*t));
9994 if (TYPE_P (instantiation))
9998 if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (instantiation))
10000 instantiate_class_template (instantiation);
10001 if (CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (instantiation))
10002 for (fn = TYPE_METHODS (instantiation);
10004 fn = TREE_CHAIN (fn))
10005 if (! DECL_ARTIFICIAL (fn))
10006 instantiate_decl (fn, /*defer_ok=*/0);
10007 if (COMPLETE_TYPE_P (instantiation))
10009 instantiated_something = 1;
10014 if (COMPLETE_TYPE_P (instantiation))
10015 /* If INSTANTIATION has been instantiated, then we don't
10016 need to consider it again in the future. */
10017 *t = TREE_CHAIN (*t);
10021 t = &TREE_CHAIN (*t);
10026 if (!DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (instantiation)
10027 && !DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATED (instantiation))
10029 instantiation = instantiate_decl (instantiation,
10031 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATED (instantiation))
10033 instantiated_something = 1;
10038 if (DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (instantiation)
10039 || DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATED (instantiation))
10040 /* If INSTANTIATION has been instantiated, then we don't
10041 need to consider it again in the future. */
10042 *t = TREE_CHAIN (*t);
10046 t = &TREE_CHAIN (*t);
10050 current_tinst_level = NULL_TREE;
10052 last_pending_template = last;
10054 while (reconsider);
10056 return instantiated_something;
10059 /* Substitute ARGVEC into T, which is a list of initializers for
10060 either base class or a non-static data member. The TREE_PURPOSEs
10061 are DECLs, and the TREE_VALUEs are the initializer values. Used by
10062 instantiate_decl. */
10065 tsubst_initializer_list (t, argvec)
10068 tree first = NULL_TREE;
10071 for (; t; t = TREE_CHAIN (t))
10077 decl = tsubst_copy (TREE_PURPOSE (t), argvec, /*complain=*/1,
10079 init = tsubst_expr (TREE_VALUE (t), argvec, /*complain=*/1,
10084 else if (TREE_CODE (init) == TREE_LIST)
10085 for (val = init; val; val = TREE_CHAIN (val))
10086 TREE_VALUE (val) = convert_from_reference (TREE_VALUE (val));
10088 init = convert_from_reference (init);
10090 *p = build_tree_list (decl, init);
10091 p = &TREE_CHAIN (*p);
10096 /* Set CURRENT_ACCESS_SPECIFIER based on the protection of DECL. */
10099 set_current_access_from_decl (decl)
10102 if (TREE_PRIVATE (decl))
10103 current_access_specifier = access_private_node;
10104 else if (TREE_PROTECTED (decl))
10105 current_access_specifier = access_protected_node;
10107 current_access_specifier = access_public_node;
10110 /* Instantiate an enumerated type. TAG is the template type, NEWTAG
10111 is the instantiation (which should have been created with
10112 start_enum) and ARGS are the template arguments to use. */
10115 tsubst_enum (tag, newtag, args)
10122 for (e = TYPE_VALUES (tag); e; e = TREE_CHAIN (e))
10126 /* Note that in a template enum, the TREE_VALUE is the
10127 CONST_DECL, not the corresponding INTEGER_CST. */
10128 value = tsubst_expr (DECL_INITIAL (TREE_VALUE (e)),
10129 args, /*complain=*/1,
10132 /* Give this enumeration constant the correct access. */
10133 set_current_access_from_decl (TREE_VALUE (e));
10135 /* Actually build the enumerator itself. */
10136 build_enumerator (TREE_PURPOSE (e), value, newtag);
10139 finish_enum (newtag);
10140 DECL_SOURCE_LINE (TYPE_NAME (newtag)) = DECL_SOURCE_LINE (TYPE_NAME (tag));
10141 DECL_SOURCE_FILE (TYPE_NAME (newtag)) = DECL_SOURCE_FILE (TYPE_NAME (tag));
10144 /* DECL is a FUNCTION_DECL that is a template specialization. Return
10145 its type -- but without substituting the innermost set of template
10146 arguments. So, innermost set of template parameters will appear in
10147 the type. If CONTEXTP is non-NULL, then the partially substituted
10148 DECL_CONTEXT (if any) will also be filled in. Similarly, TPARMSP
10149 will be filled in with the substituted template parameters, if it
10153 get_mostly_instantiated_function_type (decl, contextp, tparmsp)
10158 tree context = NULL_TREE;
10165 tmpl = most_general_template (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl));
10166 targs = DECL_TI_ARGS (decl);
10167 tparms = DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl);
10168 parm_depth = TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (tparms);
10170 /* There should be as many levels of arguments as there are levels
10172 my_friendly_assert (parm_depth == TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (targs), 0);
10174 fn_type = TREE_TYPE (tmpl);
10175 if (DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (decl))
10176 context = DECL_CONTEXT (decl);
10178 if (parm_depth == 1)
10179 /* No substitution is necessary. */
10186 /* Replace the innermost level of the TARGS with NULL_TREEs to
10187 let tsubst know not to substitute for those parameters. */
10188 partial_args = make_tree_vec (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (targs));
10189 for (i = 1; i < TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (targs); ++i)
10190 SET_TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (partial_args, i,
10191 TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (targs, i));
10192 SET_TMPL_ARGS_LEVEL (partial_args,
10193 TMPL_ARGS_DEPTH (targs),
10194 make_tree_vec (DECL_NTPARMS (tmpl)));
10196 /* Now, do the (partial) substitution to figure out the
10197 appropriate function type. */
10198 fn_type = tsubst (fn_type, partial_args, /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
10199 if (DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (decl))
10200 context = tsubst (context, partial_args, /*complain=*/1, NULL_TREE);
10202 /* Substitute into the template parameters to obtain the real
10203 innermost set of parameters. This step is important if the
10204 innermost set of template parameters contains value
10205 parameters whose types depend on outer template parameters. */
10206 TREE_VEC_LENGTH (partial_args)--;
10207 tparms = tsubst_template_parms (tparms, partial_args, /*complain=*/1);
10211 *contextp = context;
10218 /* Return truthvalue if we're processing a template different from
10219 the last one involved in diagnostics. */
10221 problematic_instantiation_changed ()
10223 return last_template_error_tick != tinst_level_tick;
10226 /* Remember current template involved in diagnostics. */
10228 record_last_problematic_instantiation ()
10230 last_template_error_tick = tinst_level_tick;
10234 current_instantiation ()
10236 return current_tinst_level;
10239 /* [temp.param] Check that template non-type parm TYPE is of an allowable
10240 type. Return zero for ok, non-zero for disallowed. If COMPLAIN is
10241 non-zero, then complain. */
10244 invalid_nontype_parm_type_p (type, complain)
10248 if (INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type))
10250 else if (POINTER_TYPE_P (type))
10252 else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type))
10254 else if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
10256 else if (TREE_CODE (type) == TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM)
10258 else if (TREE_CODE (type) == TYPENAME_TYPE)
10262 cp_error ("`%#T' is not a valid type for a template constant parameter",