1 /* Process declarations and variables for C++ compiler.
2 Copyright (C) 1988, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
3 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 Hacked by Michael Tiemann (tiemann@cygnus.com)
6 This file is part of GCC.
8 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
13 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 GNU General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with GCC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
20 the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
21 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
24 /* Process declarations and symbol lookup for C++ front end.
25 Also constructs types; the standard scalar types at initialization,
26 and structure, union, array and enum types when they are declared. */
28 /* ??? not all decl nodes are given the most useful possible
29 line numbers. For example, the CONST_DECLs for enum values. */
33 #include "coretypes.h"
48 #include "tree-mudflap.h"
50 #include "tree-inline.h"
52 extern cpp_reader *parse_in;
54 /* This structure contains information about the initializations
55 and/or destructions required for a particular priority level. */
56 typedef struct priority_info_s {
57 /* Nonzero if there have been any initializations at this priority
58 throughout the translation unit. */
59 int initializations_p;
60 /* Nonzero if there have been any destructions at this priority
61 throughout the translation unit. */
65 static void mark_vtable_entries (tree);
66 static void grok_function_init (tree, tree);
67 static bool maybe_emit_vtables (tree);
68 static tree build_anon_union_vars (tree);
69 static bool acceptable_java_type (tree);
70 static tree start_objects (int, int);
71 static void finish_objects (int, int, tree);
72 static tree start_static_storage_duration_function (unsigned);
73 static void finish_static_storage_duration_function (tree);
74 static priority_info get_priority_info (int);
75 static void do_static_initialization (tree, tree);
76 static void do_static_destruction (tree);
77 static tree start_static_initialization_or_destruction (tree, int);
78 static void finish_static_initialization_or_destruction (tree);
79 static void generate_ctor_or_dtor_function (bool, int, location_t *);
80 static int generate_ctor_and_dtor_functions_for_priority (splay_tree_node,
82 static tree prune_vars_needing_no_initialization (tree *);
83 static void write_out_vars (tree);
84 static void import_export_class (tree);
85 static tree get_guard_bits (tree);
87 /* A list of static class variables. This is needed, because a
88 static class variable can be declared inside the class without
89 an initializer, and then initialized, statically, outside the class. */
90 static GTY(()) varray_type pending_statics;
91 #define pending_statics_used \
92 (pending_statics ? pending_statics->elements_used : 0)
94 /* A list of functions which were declared inline, but which we
95 may need to emit outline anyway. */
96 static GTY(()) varray_type deferred_fns;
97 #define deferred_fns_used \
98 (deferred_fns ? deferred_fns->elements_used : 0)
100 /* Flag used when debugging spew.c */
102 extern int spew_debug;
104 /* Nonzero if we're done parsing and into end-of-file activities. */
108 /* Functions called along with real static constructors and destructors. */
114 /* Incorporate `const' and `volatile' qualifiers for member functions.
115 FUNCTION is a TYPE_DECL or a FUNCTION_DECL.
116 QUALS is a list of qualifiers. Returns any explicit
117 top-level qualifiers of the method's this pointer, anything other than
118 TYPE_UNQUALIFIED will be an extension. */
121 grok_method_quals (tree ctype, tree function, cp_cv_quals quals)
123 tree fntype = TREE_TYPE (function);
124 tree raises = TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (fntype);
125 int type_quals = TYPE_UNQUALIFIED;
126 int this_quals = TYPE_UNQUALIFIED;
128 type_quals = quals & ~TYPE_QUAL_RESTRICT;
129 this_quals = quals & TYPE_QUAL_RESTRICT;
131 ctype = cp_build_qualified_type (ctype, type_quals);
132 fntype = build_method_type_directly (ctype, TREE_TYPE (fntype),
133 (TREE_CODE (fntype) == METHOD_TYPE
134 ? TREE_CHAIN (TYPE_ARG_TYPES (fntype))
135 : TYPE_ARG_TYPES (fntype)));
137 fntype = build_exception_variant (fntype, raises);
139 TREE_TYPE (function) = fntype;
143 /* Build a PARM_DECL with NAME and TYPE, and set DECL_ARG_TYPE
147 cp_build_parm_decl (tree name, tree type)
149 tree parm = build_decl (PARM_DECL, name, type);
150 /* DECL_ARG_TYPE is only used by the back end and the back end never
152 if (!processing_template_decl)
153 DECL_ARG_TYPE (parm) = type_passed_as (type);
157 /* Returns a PARM_DECL for a parameter of the indicated TYPE, with the
161 build_artificial_parm (tree name, tree type)
163 tree parm = cp_build_parm_decl (name, type);
164 DECL_ARTIFICIAL (parm) = 1;
165 /* All our artificial parms are implicitly `const'; they cannot be
167 TREE_READONLY (parm) = 1;
171 /* Constructors for types with virtual baseclasses need an "in-charge" flag
172 saying whether this constructor is responsible for initialization of
173 virtual baseclasses or not. All destructors also need this "in-charge"
174 flag, which additionally determines whether or not the destructor should
175 free the memory for the object.
177 This function adds the "in-charge" flag to member function FN if
178 appropriate. It is called from grokclassfn and tsubst.
179 FN must be either a constructor or destructor.
181 The in-charge flag follows the 'this' parameter, and is followed by the
182 VTT parm (if any), then the user-written parms. */
185 maybe_retrofit_in_chrg (tree fn)
187 tree basetype, arg_types, parms, parm, fntype;
189 /* If we've already add the in-charge parameter don't do it again. */
190 if (DECL_HAS_IN_CHARGE_PARM_P (fn))
193 /* When processing templates we can't know, in general, whether or
194 not we're going to have virtual baseclasses. */
195 if (processing_template_decl)
198 /* We don't need an in-charge parameter for constructors that don't
199 have virtual bases. */
200 if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn)
201 && !TYPE_USES_VIRTUAL_BASECLASSES (DECL_CONTEXT (fn)))
204 arg_types = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fn));
205 basetype = TREE_TYPE (TREE_VALUE (arg_types));
206 arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (arg_types);
208 parms = TREE_CHAIN (DECL_ARGUMENTS (fn));
210 /* If this is a subobject constructor or destructor, our caller will
211 pass us a pointer to our VTT. */
212 if (TYPE_USES_VIRTUAL_BASECLASSES (DECL_CONTEXT (fn)))
214 parm = build_artificial_parm (vtt_parm_identifier, vtt_parm_type);
216 /* First add it to DECL_ARGUMENTS between 'this' and the real args... */
217 TREE_CHAIN (parm) = parms;
220 /* ...and then to TYPE_ARG_TYPES. */
221 arg_types = hash_tree_chain (vtt_parm_type, arg_types);
223 DECL_HAS_VTT_PARM_P (fn) = 1;
226 /* Then add the in-charge parm (before the VTT parm). */
227 parm = build_artificial_parm (in_charge_identifier, integer_type_node);
228 TREE_CHAIN (parm) = parms;
230 arg_types = hash_tree_chain (integer_type_node, arg_types);
232 /* Insert our new parameter(s) into the list. */
233 TREE_CHAIN (DECL_ARGUMENTS (fn)) = parms;
235 /* And rebuild the function type. */
236 fntype = build_method_type_directly (basetype, TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (fn)),
238 if (TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (TREE_TYPE (fn)))
239 fntype = build_exception_variant (fntype,
240 TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (TREE_TYPE (fn)));
241 TREE_TYPE (fn) = fntype;
243 /* Now we've got the in-charge parameter. */
244 DECL_HAS_IN_CHARGE_PARM_P (fn) = 1;
247 /* Classes overload their constituent function names automatically.
248 When a function name is declared in a record structure,
249 its name is changed to it overloaded name. Since names for
250 constructors and destructors can conflict, we place a leading
253 CNAME is the name of the class we are grokking for.
255 FUNCTION is a FUNCTION_DECL. It was created by `grokdeclarator'.
257 FLAGS contains bits saying what's special about today's
258 arguments. 1 == DESTRUCTOR. 2 == OPERATOR.
260 If FUNCTION is a destructor, then we must add the `auto-delete' field
261 as a second parameter. There is some hair associated with the fact
262 that we must "declare" this variable in the manner consistent with the
263 way the rest of the arguments were declared.
265 QUALS are the qualifiers for the this pointer. */
268 grokclassfn (tree ctype, tree function, enum overload_flags flags,
271 tree fn_name = DECL_NAME (function);
272 cp_cv_quals this_quals = TYPE_UNQUALIFIED;
274 /* Even within an `extern "C"' block, members get C++ linkage. See
275 [dcl.link] for details. */
276 SET_DECL_LANGUAGE (function, lang_cplusplus);
278 if (fn_name == NULL_TREE)
280 error ("name missing for member function");
281 fn_name = get_identifier ("<anonymous>");
282 DECL_NAME (function) = fn_name;
286 this_quals = grok_method_quals (ctype, function, quals);
288 if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (function)) == METHOD_TYPE)
290 /* Must add the class instance variable up front. */
291 /* Right now we just make this a pointer. But later
292 we may wish to make it special. */
293 tree type = TREE_VALUE (TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (function)));
297 /* The `this' parameter is implicitly `const'; it cannot be
299 this_quals |= TYPE_QUAL_CONST;
300 qual_type = cp_build_qualified_type (type, this_quals);
301 parm = build_artificial_parm (this_identifier, qual_type);
302 c_apply_type_quals_to_decl (this_quals, parm);
303 TREE_CHAIN (parm) = DECL_ARGUMENTS (function);
304 DECL_ARGUMENTS (function) = parm;
307 DECL_CONTEXT (function) = ctype;
309 if (flags == DTOR_FLAG)
310 DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (function) = 1;
312 if (flags == DTOR_FLAG || DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (function))
313 maybe_retrofit_in_chrg (function);
316 /* Create an ARRAY_REF, checking for the user doing things backwards
320 grok_array_decl (tree array_expr, tree index_exp)
324 tree orig_array_expr = array_expr;
325 tree orig_index_exp = index_exp;
327 if (error_operand_p (array_expr) || error_operand_p (index_exp))
328 return error_mark_node;
330 if (processing_template_decl)
332 if (type_dependent_expression_p (array_expr)
333 || type_dependent_expression_p (index_exp))
334 return build_min_nt (ARRAY_REF, array_expr, index_exp,
335 NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);
336 array_expr = build_non_dependent_expr (array_expr);
337 index_exp = build_non_dependent_expr (index_exp);
340 type = TREE_TYPE (array_expr);
341 my_friendly_assert (type, 20030626);
342 type = non_reference (type);
344 /* If they have an `operator[]', use that. */
345 if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (type) || IS_AGGR_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (index_exp)))
346 expr = build_new_op (ARRAY_REF, LOOKUP_NORMAL,
347 array_expr, index_exp, NULL_TREE,
348 /*overloaded_p=*/NULL);
353 /* Otherwise, create an ARRAY_REF for a pointer or array type.
354 It is a little-known fact that, if `a' is an array and `i' is
355 an int, you can write `i[a]', which means the same thing as
357 if (TREE_CODE (type) == ARRAY_TYPE)
360 p1 = build_expr_type_conversion (WANT_POINTER, array_expr, false);
362 if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (index_exp)) == ARRAY_TYPE)
365 p2 = build_expr_type_conversion (WANT_POINTER, index_exp, false);
367 i1 = build_expr_type_conversion (WANT_INT | WANT_ENUM, array_expr,
369 i2 = build_expr_type_conversion (WANT_INT | WANT_ENUM, index_exp,
372 if ((p1 && i2) && (i1 && p2))
373 error ("ambiguous conversion for array subscript");
376 array_expr = p1, index_exp = i2;
378 array_expr = p2, index_exp = i1;
381 error ("invalid types `%T[%T]' for array subscript",
382 type, TREE_TYPE (index_exp));
383 return error_mark_node;
386 if (array_expr == error_mark_node || index_exp == error_mark_node)
387 error ("ambiguous conversion for array subscript");
389 expr = build_array_ref (array_expr, index_exp);
391 if (processing_template_decl && expr != error_mark_node)
392 return build_min_non_dep (ARRAY_REF, expr, orig_array_expr, orig_index_exp,
393 NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);
397 /* Given the cast expression EXP, checking out its validity. Either return
398 an error_mark_node if there was an unavoidable error, return a cast to
399 void for trying to delete a pointer w/ the value 0, or return the
400 call to delete. If DOING_VEC is true, we handle things differently
401 for doing an array delete.
402 Implements ARM $5.3.4. This is called from the parser. */
405 delete_sanity (tree exp, tree size, bool doing_vec, int use_global_delete)
409 if (exp == error_mark_node)
412 if (processing_template_decl)
414 t = build_min (DELETE_EXPR, void_type_node, exp, size);
415 DELETE_EXPR_USE_GLOBAL (t) = use_global_delete;
416 DELETE_EXPR_USE_VEC (t) = doing_vec;
417 TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (t) = 1;
421 exp = convert_from_reference (exp);
423 /* An array can't have been allocated by new, so complain. */
424 if (TREE_CODE (exp) == VAR_DECL
425 && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (exp)) == ARRAY_TYPE)
426 warning ("deleting array `%#D'", exp);
428 t = build_expr_type_conversion (WANT_POINTER, exp, true);
430 if (t == NULL_TREE || t == error_mark_node)
432 error ("type `%#T' argument given to `delete', expected pointer",
434 return error_mark_node;
437 type = TREE_TYPE (t);
439 /* As of Valley Forge, you can delete a pointer to const. */
441 /* You can't delete functions. */
442 if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
444 error ("cannot delete a function. Only pointer-to-objects are valid arguments to `delete'");
445 return error_mark_node;
448 /* Deleting ptr to void is undefined behavior [expr.delete/3]. */
449 if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == VOID_TYPE)
451 warning ("deleting `%T' is undefined", type);
455 /* Deleting a pointer with the value zero is valid and has no effect. */
456 if (integer_zerop (t))
457 return build1 (NOP_EXPR, void_type_node, t);
460 return build_vec_delete (t, /*maxindex=*/NULL_TREE,
461 sfk_deleting_destructor,
464 return build_delete (type, t, sfk_deleting_destructor,
465 LOOKUP_NORMAL, use_global_delete);
468 /* Report an error if the indicated template declaration is not the
469 sort of thing that should be a member template. */
472 check_member_template (tree tmpl)
476 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (tmpl) == TEMPLATE_DECL, 0);
477 decl = DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (tmpl);
479 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
480 || (TREE_CODE (decl) == TYPE_DECL
481 && IS_AGGR_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (decl))))
483 if (current_function_decl)
484 /* 14.5.2.2 [temp.mem]
486 A local class shall not have member templates. */
487 error ("invalid declaration of member template `%#D' in local class",
490 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL && DECL_VIRTUAL_P (decl))
492 /* 14.5.2.3 [temp.mem]
494 A member function template shall not be virtual. */
496 ("invalid use of `virtual' in template declaration of `%#D'",
498 DECL_VIRTUAL_P (decl) = 0;
501 /* The debug-information generating code doesn't know what to do
502 with member templates. */
503 DECL_IGNORED_P (tmpl) = 1;
506 error ("template declaration of `%#D'", decl);
509 /* Return true iff TYPE is a valid Java parameter or return type. */
512 acceptable_java_type (tree type)
514 if (TREE_CODE (type) == VOID_TYPE || TYPE_FOR_JAVA (type))
516 if (TREE_CODE (type) == POINTER_TYPE || TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
518 type = TREE_TYPE (type);
519 if (TREE_CODE (type) == RECORD_TYPE)
522 if (! TYPE_FOR_JAVA (type))
524 if (! CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (type))
526 args = CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (type);
527 i = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (args);
530 type = TREE_VEC_ELT (args, i);
531 if (TREE_CODE (type) == POINTER_TYPE)
532 type = TREE_TYPE (type);
533 if (! TYPE_FOR_JAVA (type))
542 /* For a METHOD in a Java class CTYPE, return true if
543 the parameter and return types are valid Java types.
544 Otherwise, print appropriate error messages, and return false. */
547 check_java_method (tree method)
550 tree arg_types = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (method));
551 tree ret_type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (method));
553 if (!acceptable_java_type (ret_type))
555 error ("Java method '%D' has non-Java return type `%T'",
560 arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (arg_types);
561 if (DECL_HAS_IN_CHARGE_PARM_P (method))
562 arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (arg_types);
563 if (DECL_HAS_VTT_PARM_P (method))
564 arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (arg_types);
566 for (; arg_types != NULL_TREE; arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (arg_types))
568 tree type = TREE_VALUE (arg_types);
569 if (!acceptable_java_type (type))
571 error ("Java method '%D' has non-Java parameter type `%T'",
579 /* Sanity check: report error if this function FUNCTION is not
580 really a member of the class (CTYPE) it is supposed to belong to.
581 TEMPLATE_PARMS is used to specifiy the template parameters of a member
582 template passed as FUNCTION_DECL. If the member template is passed as a
583 TEMPLATE_DECL, it can be NULL since the parameters can be extracted
584 from the declaration. If the function is not a function template, it
586 It returns the original declaration for the function, or NULL_TREE
587 if no declaration was found (and an error was emitted). */
590 check_classfn (tree ctype, tree function, tree template_parms)
595 if (DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (function)
596 && !(TREE_CODE (function) == TEMPLATE_DECL
597 && DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (function))
598 && is_member_template (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (function)))
599 /* Since this is a specialization of a member template,
600 we're not going to find the declaration in the class.
603 struct S { template <typename T> void f(T); };
604 template <> void S::f(int);
606 we're not going to find `S::f(int)', but there's no
607 reason we should, either. We let our callers know we didn't
608 find the method, but we don't complain. */
611 /* Basic sanity check: for a template function, the template parameters
612 either were not passed, or they are the same of DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS. */
613 if (TREE_CODE (function) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
615 my_friendly_assert (!template_parms
616 || comp_template_parms
618 DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (function)),
620 template_parms = DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (function);
623 /* OK, is this a definition of a member template? */
624 is_template = (template_parms != NULL_TREE);
626 ix = lookup_fnfields_1 (complete_type (ctype),
627 DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (function) ? ctor_identifier :
628 DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (function) ? dtor_identifier :
629 DECL_NAME (function));
633 VEC(tree) *methods = CLASSTYPE_METHOD_VEC (ctype);
634 tree fndecls, fndecl = 0;
637 const char *format = NULL;
639 pop_p = push_scope (ctype);
640 for (fndecls = VEC_index (tree, methods, ix);
641 fndecls; fndecls = OVL_NEXT (fndecls))
645 fndecl = OVL_CURRENT (fndecls);
646 p1 = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (function));
647 p2 = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fndecl));
649 /* We cannot simply call decls_match because this doesn't
650 work for static member functions that are pretending to
651 be methods, and because the name may have been changed by
654 /* Get rid of the this parameter on functions that become
656 if (DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (fndecl)
657 && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (function)) == METHOD_TYPE)
658 p1 = TREE_CHAIN (p1);
660 /* A member template definition only matches a member template
662 if (is_template != (TREE_CODE (fndecl) == TEMPLATE_DECL))
665 if (same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (function)),
666 TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (fndecl)))
667 && compparms (p1, p2)
669 || comp_template_parms (template_parms,
670 DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (fndecl)))
671 && (DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (function)
672 == DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (fndecl))
673 && (!DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (function)
674 || (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (function)
675 == DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (fndecl))))
681 return OVL_CURRENT (fndecls);
682 error ("prototype for `%#D' does not match any in class `%T'",
684 is_conv_op = DECL_CONV_FN_P (fndecl);
687 ix = CLASSTYPE_FIRST_CONVERSION_SLOT;
688 fndecls = VEC_index (tree, methods, ix);
691 fndecl = OVL_CURRENT (fndecls);
692 fndecls = OVL_NEXT (fndecls);
694 if (!fndecls && is_conv_op)
696 if (VEC_length (tree, methods) > (size_t) ++ix)
698 fndecls = VEC_index (tree, methods, ix);
699 if (!DECL_CONV_FN_P (OVL_CURRENT (fndecls)))
711 format = "candidates are: %#D";
713 format = "candidate is: %#D";
714 cp_error_at (format, fndecl);
717 else if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (ctype))
718 cxx_incomplete_type_error (function, ctype);
720 error ("no `%#D' member function declared in class `%T'",
723 /* If we did not find the method in the class, add it to avoid
724 spurious errors (unless the CTYPE is not yet defined, in which
725 case we'll only confuse ourselves when the function is declared
726 properly within the class. */
727 if (COMPLETE_TYPE_P (ctype))
728 add_method (ctype, function);
732 /* DECL is a function with vague linkage. Remember it so that at the
733 end of the translation unit we can decide whether or not to emit
737 note_vague_linkage_fn (tree decl)
739 if (!DECL_DEFERRED_FN (decl))
741 DECL_DEFERRED_FN (decl) = 1;
742 DECL_DEFER_OUTPUT (decl) = 1;
744 VARRAY_TREE_INIT (deferred_fns, 32, "deferred_fns");
745 VARRAY_PUSH_TREE (deferred_fns, decl);
749 /* Like note_vague_linkage_fn but for variables. */
752 note_vague_linkage_var (tree var)
754 if (!pending_statics)
755 VARRAY_TREE_INIT (pending_statics, 32, "pending_statics");
756 VARRAY_PUSH_TREE (pending_statics, var);
759 /* We have just processed the DECL, which is a static data member.
760 Its initializer, if present, is INIT. The ASMSPEC_TREE, if
761 present, is the assembly-language name for the data member.
762 FLAGS is as for cp_finish_decl. */
765 finish_static_data_member_decl (tree decl, tree init, tree asmspec_tree,
768 my_friendly_assert (TREE_PUBLIC (decl), 0);
770 DECL_CONTEXT (decl) = current_class_type;
772 /* We cannot call pushdecl here, because that would fill in the
773 TREE_CHAIN of our decl. Instead, we modify cp_finish_decl to do
774 the right thing, namely, to put this decl out straight away. */
775 /* current_class_type can be NULL_TREE in case of error. */
776 if (!asmspec_tree && current_class_type)
777 DECL_INITIAL (decl) = error_mark_node;
779 if (! processing_template_decl)
780 note_vague_linkage_var (decl);
782 if (LOCAL_CLASS_P (current_class_type))
783 pedwarn ("local class `%#T' shall not have static data member `%#D'",
784 current_class_type, decl);
786 /* Static consts need not be initialized in the class definition. */
787 if (init != NULL_TREE && TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
789 static int explained = 0;
791 error ("initializer invalid for static member with constructor");
794 error ("(an out of class initialization is required)");
799 /* Force the compiler to know when an uninitialized static const
800 member is being used. */
801 if (CP_TYPE_CONST_P (TREE_TYPE (decl)) && init == 0)
802 TREE_USED (decl) = 1;
803 DECL_INITIAL (decl) = init;
804 DECL_IN_AGGR_P (decl) = 1;
806 cp_finish_decl (decl, init, asmspec_tree, flags);
809 /* Process the specs, declarator (NULL if omitted) and width (NULL if omitted)
810 of a structure component, returning a _DECL node.
811 QUALS is a list of type qualifiers for this decl (such as for declaring
812 const member functions).
814 This is done during the parsing of the struct declaration.
815 The _DECL nodes are chained together and the lot of them
816 are ultimately passed to `build_struct' to make the RECORD_TYPE node.
818 If class A defines that certain functions in class B are friends, then
819 the way I have set things up, it is B who is interested in permission
820 granted by A. However, it is in A's context that these declarations
821 are parsed. By returning a void_type_node, class A does not attempt
822 to incorporate the declarations of the friends within its structure.
824 DO NOT MAKE ANY CHANGES TO THIS CODE WITHOUT MAKING CORRESPONDING
825 CHANGES TO CODE IN `start_method'. */
828 grokfield (const cp_declarator *declarator,
829 cp_decl_specifier_seq *declspecs,
830 tree init, tree asmspec_tree,
834 const char *asmspec = 0;
835 int flags = LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING;
837 if (!declspecs->any_specifiers_p
838 && declarator->kind == cdk_id
839 && TREE_CODE (declarator->u.id.name) == SCOPE_REF
840 && (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (declarator->u.id.name, 1))
842 /* Access declaration */
843 return do_class_using_decl (declarator->u.id.name);
846 && TREE_CODE (init) == TREE_LIST
847 && TREE_VALUE (init) == error_mark_node
848 && TREE_CHAIN (init) == NULL_TREE)
851 value = grokdeclarator (declarator, declspecs, FIELD, init != 0, &attrlist);
852 if (! value || error_operand_p (value))
853 /* friend or constructor went bad. */
854 return error_mark_node;
856 if (TREE_CODE (value) == TYPE_DECL && init)
858 error ("typedef `%D' is initialized (use __typeof__ instead)", value);
862 /* Pass friendly classes back. */
863 if (value == void_type_node)
866 /* Pass friend decls back. */
867 if ((TREE_CODE (value) == FUNCTION_DECL
868 || TREE_CODE (value) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
869 && DECL_CONTEXT (value) != current_class_type)
872 if (DECL_NAME (value) != NULL_TREE
873 && IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_NAME (value))[0] == '_'
874 && ! strcmp (IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_NAME (value)), "_vptr"))
875 error ("member `%D' conflicts with virtual function table field name",
878 /* Stash away type declarations. */
879 if (TREE_CODE (value) == TYPE_DECL)
881 DECL_NONLOCAL (value) = 1;
882 DECL_CONTEXT (value) = current_class_type;
884 if (processing_template_decl)
885 value = push_template_decl (value);
890 if (DECL_IN_AGGR_P (value))
892 error ("`%D' is already defined in `%T'", value,
893 DECL_CONTEXT (value));
894 return void_type_node;
898 asmspec = TREE_STRING_POINTER (asmspec_tree);
902 if (TREE_CODE (value) == FUNCTION_DECL)
904 grok_function_init (value, init);
907 else if (pedantic && TREE_CODE (value) != VAR_DECL)
908 /* Already complained in grokdeclarator. */
912 /* We allow initializers to become parameters to base
914 if (TREE_CODE (init) == TREE_LIST)
916 if (TREE_CHAIN (init) == NULL_TREE)
917 init = TREE_VALUE (init);
919 init = digest_init (TREE_TYPE (value), init, (tree *)0);
922 if (!processing_template_decl)
924 if (TREE_CODE (init) == CONST_DECL)
925 init = DECL_INITIAL (init);
926 else if (TREE_READONLY_DECL_P (init))
927 init = decl_constant_value (init);
928 else if (TREE_CODE (init) == CONSTRUCTOR)
929 init = digest_init (TREE_TYPE (value), init, (tree *)0);
930 if (init != error_mark_node && ! TREE_CONSTANT (init))
932 /* We can allow references to things that are effectively
933 static, since references are initialized with the
935 if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (value)) != REFERENCE_TYPE
936 || (TREE_STATIC (init) == 0
937 && (!DECL_P (init) || DECL_EXTERNAL (init) == 0)))
939 error ("field initializer is not constant");
940 init = error_mark_node;
947 if (processing_template_decl
948 && (TREE_CODE (value) == VAR_DECL || TREE_CODE (value) == FUNCTION_DECL))
950 value = push_template_decl (value);
951 if (error_operand_p (value))
952 return error_mark_node;
956 cplus_decl_attributes (&value, attrlist, 0);
958 if (TREE_CODE (value) == VAR_DECL)
960 finish_static_data_member_decl (value, init, asmspec_tree,
964 if (TREE_CODE (value) == FIELD_DECL)
967 error ("`asm' specifiers are not permitted on non-static data members");
968 if (DECL_INITIAL (value) == error_mark_node)
969 init = error_mark_node;
970 cp_finish_decl (value, init, NULL_TREE, flags);
971 DECL_INITIAL (value) = init;
972 DECL_IN_AGGR_P (value) = 1;
975 if (TREE_CODE (value) == FUNCTION_DECL)
979 /* This must override the asm specifier which was placed
980 by grokclassfn. Lay this out fresh. */
981 SET_DECL_RTL (value, NULL_RTX);
982 change_decl_assembler_name (value, get_identifier (asmspec));
984 if (!DECL_FRIEND_P (value))
985 grok_special_member_properties (value);
987 cp_finish_decl (value, init, asmspec_tree, flags);
989 /* Pass friends back this way. */
990 if (DECL_FRIEND_P (value))
991 return void_type_node;
993 DECL_IN_AGGR_P (value) = 1;
1001 /* Like `grokfield', but for bitfields.
1002 WIDTH is non-NULL for bit fields only, and is an INTEGER_CST node. */
1005 grokbitfield (const cp_declarator *declarator,
1006 cp_decl_specifier_seq *declspecs, tree width)
1008 tree value = grokdeclarator (declarator, declspecs, BITFIELD, 0, NULL);
1010 if (! value) return NULL_TREE; /* friends went bad. */
1012 /* Pass friendly classes back. */
1013 if (TREE_CODE (value) == VOID_TYPE)
1014 return void_type_node;
1016 if (TREE_CODE (value) == TYPE_DECL)
1018 error ("cannot declare `%D' to be a bit-field type", value);
1022 /* Usually, finish_struct_1 catches bitfields with invalid types.
1023 But, in the case of bitfields with function type, we confuse
1024 ourselves into thinking they are member functions, so we must
1026 if (TREE_CODE (value) == FUNCTION_DECL)
1028 error ("cannot declare bit-field `%D' with function type",
1033 if (DECL_IN_AGGR_P (value))
1035 error ("`%D' is already defined in the class %T", value,
1036 DECL_CONTEXT (value));
1037 return void_type_node;
1040 if (TREE_STATIC (value))
1042 error ("static member `%D' cannot be a bit-field", value);
1045 cp_finish_decl (value, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE, 0);
1047 if (width != error_mark_node)
1049 constant_expression_warning (width);
1050 DECL_INITIAL (value) = width;
1051 SET_DECL_C_BIT_FIELD (value);
1054 DECL_IN_AGGR_P (value) = 1;
1058 /* When a function is declared with an initializer,
1059 do the right thing. Currently, there are two possibilities:
1064 // initialization possibility #1.
1065 virtual void f () = 0;
1087 // initialization possibility #2
1094 grok_function_init (tree decl, tree init)
1096 /* An initializer for a function tells how this function should
1098 tree type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
1100 if (TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
1101 error ("initializer specified for non-member function `%D'", decl);
1102 else if (integer_zerop (init))
1103 DECL_PURE_VIRTUAL_P (decl) = 1;
1105 error ("invalid initializer for virtual method `%D'", decl);
1109 cplus_decl_attributes (tree *decl, tree attributes, int flags)
1111 if (*decl == NULL_TREE || *decl == void_type_node)
1114 if (TREE_CODE (*decl) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
1115 decl = &DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (*decl);
1117 decl_attributes (decl, attributes, flags);
1119 if (TREE_CODE (*decl) == TYPE_DECL)
1120 SET_IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (DECL_NAME (*decl), TREE_TYPE (*decl));
1123 /* Walks through the namespace- or function-scope anonymous union OBJECT,
1124 building appropriate ALIAS_DECLs. Returns one of the fields for use in
1125 the mangled name. */
1128 build_anon_union_vars (tree object)
1130 tree type = TREE_TYPE (object);
1131 tree main_decl = NULL_TREE;
1134 /* Rather than write the code to handle the non-union case,
1135 just give an error. */
1136 if (TREE_CODE (type) != UNION_TYPE)
1137 error ("anonymous struct not inside named type");
1139 for (field = TYPE_FIELDS (type);
1141 field = TREE_CHAIN (field))
1146 if (DECL_ARTIFICIAL (field))
1148 if (TREE_CODE (field) != FIELD_DECL)
1151 `%#D' invalid; an anonymous union can only have non-static data members",
1156 if (TREE_PRIVATE (field))
1157 cp_pedwarn_at ("private member `%#D' in anonymous union", field);
1158 else if (TREE_PROTECTED (field))
1159 cp_pedwarn_at ("protected member `%#D' in anonymous union", field);
1161 if (processing_template_decl)
1162 ref = build_min_nt (COMPONENT_REF, object,
1163 DECL_NAME (field), NULL_TREE);
1165 ref = build_class_member_access_expr (object, field, NULL_TREE,
1168 if (DECL_NAME (field))
1170 decl = build_decl (ALIAS_DECL, DECL_NAME (field), TREE_TYPE (field));
1171 DECL_INITIAL (decl) = ref;
1172 TREE_PUBLIC (decl) = 0;
1173 TREE_STATIC (decl) = 0;
1174 DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 1;
1175 decl = pushdecl (decl);
1177 else if (ANON_AGGR_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (field)))
1178 decl = build_anon_union_vars (ref);
1182 if (main_decl == NULL_TREE)
1189 /* Finish off the processing of a UNION_TYPE structure. If the union is an
1190 anonymous union, then all members must be laid out together. PUBLIC_P
1191 is nonzero if this union is not declared static. */
1194 finish_anon_union (tree anon_union_decl)
1196 tree type = TREE_TYPE (anon_union_decl);
1198 bool public_p = TREE_PUBLIC (anon_union_decl);
1200 /* The VAR_DECL's context is the same as the TYPE's context. */
1201 DECL_CONTEXT (anon_union_decl) = DECL_CONTEXT (TYPE_NAME (type));
1203 if (TYPE_FIELDS (type) == NULL_TREE)
1208 error ("namespace-scope anonymous aggregates must be static");
1212 main_decl = build_anon_union_vars (anon_union_decl);
1213 if (main_decl == NULL_TREE)
1215 warning ("anonymous union with no members");
1219 if (!processing_template_decl)
1221 /* Use main_decl to set the mangled name. */
1222 DECL_NAME (anon_union_decl) = DECL_NAME (main_decl);
1223 mangle_decl (anon_union_decl);
1224 DECL_NAME (anon_union_decl) = NULL_TREE;
1227 pushdecl (anon_union_decl);
1228 if (building_stmt_tree ()
1229 && at_function_scope_p ())
1230 add_decl_expr (anon_union_decl);
1231 else if (!processing_template_decl)
1232 rest_of_decl_compilation (anon_union_decl, NULL,
1233 toplevel_bindings_p (), at_eof);
1236 /* Auxiliary functions to make type signatures for
1237 `operator new' and `operator delete' correspond to
1238 what compiler will be expecting. */
1241 coerce_new_type (tree type)
1244 tree args = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (type);
1246 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE, 20001107);
1248 if (!same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (type), ptr_type_node))
1249 e = 1, error ("`operator new' must return type `%T'", ptr_type_node);
1251 if (!args || args == void_list_node
1252 || !same_type_p (TREE_VALUE (args), size_type_node))
1255 if (args && args != void_list_node)
1256 args = TREE_CHAIN (args);
1257 pedwarn ("`operator new' takes type `size_t' (`%T') as first parameter", size_type_node);
1262 args = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, size_type_node, args);
1265 type = build_exception_variant
1266 (build_function_type (ptr_type_node, args),
1267 TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (type));
1275 coerce_delete_type (tree type)
1278 tree args = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (type);
1280 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE, 20001107);
1282 if (!same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (type), void_type_node))
1283 e = 1, error ("`operator delete' must return type `%T'", void_type_node);
1285 if (!args || args == void_list_node
1286 || !same_type_p (TREE_VALUE (args), ptr_type_node))
1289 if (args && args != void_list_node)
1290 args = TREE_CHAIN (args);
1291 error ("`operator delete' takes type `%T' as first parameter", ptr_type_node);
1296 args = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, ptr_type_node, args);
1299 type = build_exception_variant
1300 (build_function_type (void_type_node, args),
1301 TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (type));
1310 mark_vtable_entries (tree decl)
1312 tree entries = CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (DECL_INITIAL (decl));
1314 for (; entries; entries = TREE_CHAIN (entries))
1316 tree fnaddr = TREE_VALUE (entries);
1319 STRIP_NOPS (fnaddr);
1321 if (TREE_CODE (fnaddr) != ADDR_EXPR
1322 && TREE_CODE (fnaddr) != FDESC_EXPR)
1323 /* This entry is an offset: a virtual base class offset, a
1324 virtual call offset, an RTTI offset, etc. */
1327 fn = TREE_OPERAND (fnaddr, 0);
1328 TREE_ADDRESSABLE (fn) = 1;
1329 /* When we don't have vcall offsets, we output thunks whenever
1330 we output the vtables that contain them. With vcall offsets,
1331 we know all the thunks we'll need when we emit a virtual
1332 function, so we emit the thunks there instead. */
1333 if (DECL_THUNK_P (fn))
1334 use_thunk (fn, /*emit_p=*/0);
1339 /* Set DECL up to have the closest approximation of "initialized common"
1340 linkage available. */
1343 comdat_linkage (tree decl)
1346 make_decl_one_only (decl);
1347 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
1348 || (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl)))
1349 /* We can just emit function and compiler-generated variables
1350 statically; having multiple copies is (for the most part) only
1353 There are two correctness issues, however: the address of a
1354 template instantiation with external linkage should be the
1355 same, independent of what translation unit asks for the
1356 address, and this will not hold when we emit multiple copies of
1357 the function. However, there's little else we can do.
1359 Also, by default, the typeinfo implementation assumes that
1360 there will be only one copy of the string used as the name for
1361 each type. Therefore, if weak symbols are unavailable, the
1362 run-time library should perform a more conservative check; it
1363 should perform a string comparison, rather than an address
1365 TREE_PUBLIC (decl) = 0;
1368 /* Static data member template instantiations, however, cannot
1369 have multiple copies. */
1370 if (DECL_INITIAL (decl) == 0
1371 || DECL_INITIAL (decl) == error_mark_node)
1372 DECL_COMMON (decl) = 1;
1373 else if (EMPTY_CONSTRUCTOR_P (DECL_INITIAL (decl)))
1375 DECL_COMMON (decl) = 1;
1376 DECL_INITIAL (decl) = error_mark_node;
1378 else if (!DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (decl))
1380 /* We can't do anything useful; leave vars for explicit
1382 DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 1;
1383 DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (decl) = 0;
1387 if (DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (decl))
1388 DECL_COMDAT (decl) = 1;
1391 /* For win32 we also want to put explicit instantiations in
1392 linkonce sections, so that they will be merged with implicit
1393 instantiations; otherwise we get duplicate symbol errors.
1394 For Darwin we do not want explicit instantiations to be
1398 maybe_make_one_only (tree decl)
1400 /* We used to say that this was not necessary on targets that support weak
1401 symbols, because the implicit instantiations will defer to the explicit
1402 one. However, that's not actually the case in SVR4; a strong definition
1403 after a weak one is an error. Also, not making explicit
1404 instantiations one_only means that we can end up with two copies of
1405 some template instantiations. */
1409 /* We can't set DECL_COMDAT on functions, or finish_file will think
1410 we can get away with not emitting them if they aren't used. We need
1411 to for variables so that cp_finish_decl will update their linkage,
1412 because their DECL_INITIAL may not have been set properly yet. */
1414 if (!TARGET_WEAK_NOT_IN_ARCHIVE_TOC
1415 || (! DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (decl)
1416 && ! DECL_TEMPLATE_SPECIALIZATION (decl)))
1418 make_decl_one_only (decl);
1420 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL)
1422 DECL_COMDAT (decl) = 1;
1423 /* Mark it needed so we don't forget to emit it. */
1424 mark_decl_referenced (decl);
1429 /* Determine whether or not we want to specifically import or export CTYPE,
1430 using various heuristics. */
1433 import_export_class (tree ctype)
1435 /* -1 for imported, 1 for exported. */
1436 int import_export = 0;
1438 /* It only makes sense to call this function at EOF. The reason is
1439 that this function looks at whether or not the first non-inline
1440 non-abstract virtual member function has been defined in this
1441 translation unit. But, we can't possibly know that until we've
1442 seen the entire translation unit. */
1443 my_friendly_assert (at_eof, 20000226);
1445 if (CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (ctype))
1448 /* If MULTIPLE_SYMBOL_SPACES is defined and we saw a #pragma interface,
1449 we will have CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY set but not
1450 CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN. In that case, we don't want to use this
1451 heuristic because someone will supply a #pragma implementation
1452 elsewhere, and deducing it here would produce a conflict. */
1453 if (CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (ctype))
1456 if (lookup_attribute ("dllimport", TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (ctype)))
1458 else if (lookup_attribute ("dllexport", TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (ctype)))
1460 else if (CLASSTYPE_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (ctype)
1461 && !flag_implicit_templates)
1462 /* For a template class, without -fimplicit-templates, check the
1463 repository. If the virtual table is assigned to this
1464 translation unit, then export the class; otherwise, import
1466 import_export = repo_export_class_p (ctype) ? 1 : -1;
1467 else if (TYPE_POLYMORPHIC_P (ctype))
1469 /* The ABI specifies that the virtual table and associated
1470 information are emitted with the key method, if any. */
1471 tree method = CLASSTYPE_KEY_METHOD (ctype);
1472 /* If weak symbol support is not available, then we must be
1473 careful not to emit the vtable when the key function is
1474 inline. An inline function can be defined in multiple
1475 translation units. If we were to emit the vtable in each
1476 translation unit containing a definition, we would get
1477 multiple definition errors at link-time. */
1478 if (method && (flag_weak || ! DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (method)))
1479 import_export = (DECL_REALLY_EXTERN (method) ? -1 : 1);
1482 #ifdef MULTIPLE_SYMBOL_SPACES
1483 if (import_export == -1)
1487 /* Allow backends the chance to overrule the decision. */
1488 if (targetm.cxx.import_export_class)
1489 import_export = targetm.cxx.import_export_class (ctype, import_export);
1493 SET_CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (ctype);
1494 CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (ctype) = (import_export < 0);
1498 /* Return true if VAR has already been provided to the back end; in that
1499 case VAR should not be modified further by the front end. */
1501 var_finalized_p (tree var)
1503 return cgraph_varpool_node (var)->finalized;
1506 /* DECL is a VAR_DECL or FUNCTION_DECL which, for whatever reason,
1507 must be emitted in this translation unit. Mark it as such. */
1510 mark_needed (tree decl)
1512 /* It's possible that we no longer need to set
1513 TREE_SYMBOL_REFERENCED here directly, but doing so is
1515 TREE_SYMBOL_REFERENCED (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (decl)) = 1;
1516 mark_decl_referenced (decl);
1519 /* DECL is either a FUNCTION_DECL or a VAR_DECL. This function
1520 returns true if a definition of this entity should be provided in
1521 this object file. Callers use this function to determine whether
1522 or not to let the back end know that a definition of DECL is
1523 available in this translation unit. */
1526 decl_needed_p (tree decl)
1528 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
1529 || TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL,
1531 /* This function should only be called at the end of the translation
1532 unit. We cannot be sure of whether or not something will be
1533 COMDAT until that point. */
1534 my_friendly_assert (at_eof, 20040726);
1536 /* All entities with external linkage that are not COMDAT should be
1537 emitted; they may be referred to from other object files. */
1538 if (TREE_PUBLIC (decl) && !DECL_COMDAT (decl))
1540 /* If this entity was used, let the back-end see it; it will decide
1541 whether or not to emit it into the object file. */
1542 if (TREE_USED (decl)
1543 || (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME_SET_P (decl)
1544 && TREE_SYMBOL_REFERENCED (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (decl))))
1546 /* Otherwise, DECL does not need to be emitted -- yet. A subsequent
1547 reference to DECL might cause it to be emitted later. */
1551 /* If necessary, write out the vtables for the dynamic class CTYPE.
1552 Returns true if any vtables were emitted. */
1555 maybe_emit_vtables (tree ctype)
1561 /* If the vtables for this class have already been emitted there is
1562 nothing more to do. */
1563 primary_vtbl = CLASSTYPE_VTABLES (ctype);
1564 if (var_finalized_p (primary_vtbl))
1566 /* Ignore dummy vtables made by get_vtable_decl. */
1567 if (TREE_TYPE (primary_vtbl) == void_type_node)
1570 /* See if any of the vtables are needed. */
1571 for (vtbl = CLASSTYPE_VTABLES (ctype); vtbl; vtbl = TREE_CHAIN (vtbl))
1573 import_export_decl (vtbl);
1574 if (DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (vtbl) && decl_needed_p (vtbl))
1579 /* If the references to this class' vtables are optimized away,
1580 still emit the appropriate debugging information. See
1582 if (DECL_COMDAT (primary_vtbl)
1583 && CLASSTYPE_DEBUG_REQUESTED (ctype))
1584 note_debug_info_needed (ctype);
1588 /* The ABI requires that we emit all of the vtables if we emit any
1590 for (vtbl = CLASSTYPE_VTABLES (ctype); vtbl; vtbl = TREE_CHAIN (vtbl))
1592 /* Mark entities references from the virtual table as used. */
1593 mark_vtable_entries (vtbl);
1595 if (TREE_TYPE (DECL_INITIAL (vtbl)) == 0)
1597 /* It had better be all done at compile-time. */
1598 if (store_init_value (vtbl, DECL_INITIAL (vtbl)))
1603 DECL_EXTERNAL (vtbl) = 0;
1604 rest_of_decl_compilation (vtbl, NULL, 1, 1);
1606 /* Because we're only doing syntax-checking, we'll never end up
1607 actually marking the variable as written. */
1608 if (flag_syntax_only)
1609 TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (vtbl) = 1;
1612 /* Since we're writing out the vtable here, also write the debug
1614 note_debug_info_needed (ctype);
1619 /* DECL is a FUNCTION_DECL or VAR_DECL. If the object file linkage
1620 for DECL has not already been determined, do so now by setting
1621 DECL_EXTERNAL, DECL_COMDAT and other related flags. Until this
1622 function is called entities with vague linkage whose definitions
1623 are available must have TREE_PUBLIC set.
1625 If this function decides to place DECL in COMDAT, it will set
1626 appropriate flags -- but will not clear DECL_EXTERNAL. It is up to
1627 the caller to decide whether or not to clear DECL_EXTERNAL. Some
1628 callers defer that decision until it is clear that DECL is actually
1632 import_export_decl (tree decl)
1638 if (DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (decl))
1641 /* We cannot determine what linkage to give to an entity with vague
1642 linkage until the end of the file. For example, a virtual table
1643 for a class will be defined if and only if the key method is
1644 defined in this translation unit. As a further example, consider
1645 that when compiling a translation unit that uses PCH file with
1646 "-frepo" it would be incorrect to make decisions about what
1647 entities to emit when building the PCH; those decisions must be
1648 delayed until the repository information has been processed. */
1649 my_friendly_assert (at_eof, 20040727);
1650 /* Object file linkage for explicit instantiations is handled in
1651 mark_decl_instantiated. For static variables in functions with
1652 vague linkage, maybe_commonize_var is used.
1654 Therefore, the only declarations that should be provided to this
1655 function are those with external linkage that:
1657 * implicit instantiations of function templates
1661 * implicit instantiations of static data members of class
1668 Furthermore, all entities that reach this point must have a
1669 definition available in this translation unit.
1671 The following assertions check these conditions. */
1672 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
1673 || TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL,
1675 /* Any code that creates entities with TREE_PUBLIC cleared should
1676 also set DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN. */
1677 my_friendly_assert (TREE_PUBLIC (decl), 20040725);
1678 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL)
1679 my_friendly_assert (DECL_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (decl)
1680 || DECL_FRIEND_PSEUDO_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (decl)
1681 || DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (decl),
1684 my_friendly_assert (DECL_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (decl)
1685 || DECL_VTABLE_OR_VTT_P (decl)
1686 || DECL_TINFO_P (decl),
1688 /* Check that a definition of DECL is available in this translation
1690 my_friendly_assert (!DECL_REALLY_EXTERN (decl), 20040725);
1692 /* Assume that DECL will not have COMDAT linkage. */
1694 /* Assume that DECL will not be imported into this translation
1698 /* See if the repository tells us whether or not to emit DECL in
1699 this translation unit. */
1700 emit_p = repo_emit_p (decl);
1703 else if (emit_p == 1)
1705 /* The repository indicates that this entity should be defined
1706 here. Make sure the back end honors that request. */
1707 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL)
1709 else if (DECL_MAYBE_IN_CHARGE_CONSTRUCTOR_P (decl)
1710 || DECL_MAYBE_IN_CHARGE_DESTRUCTOR_P (decl))
1713 FOR_EACH_CLONE (clone, decl)
1714 mark_needed (clone);
1718 /* Output the definition as an ordinary strong definition. */
1719 DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 0;
1720 DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (decl) = 1;
1725 /* We have already decided what to do with this DECL; there is no
1726 need to check anything further. */
1728 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL && DECL_VTABLE_OR_VTT_P (decl))
1730 tree type = DECL_CONTEXT (decl);
1731 import_export_class (type);
1732 if (TYPE_FOR_JAVA (type))
1734 else if (CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (type)
1735 && CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (type))
1737 else if (TARGET_WEAK_NOT_IN_ARCHIVE_TOC
1738 && !CLASSTYPE_USE_TEMPLATE (type)
1739 && CLASSTYPE_KEY_METHOD (type)
1740 && !DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (CLASSTYPE_KEY_METHOD (type)))
1741 /* The ABI requires that all virtual tables be emitted with
1742 COMDAT linkage. However, on systems where COMDAT symbols
1743 don't show up in the table of contents for a static
1744 archive, the linker will report errors about undefined
1745 symbols because it will not see the virtual table
1746 definition. Therefore, in the case that we know that the
1747 virtual table will be emitted in only one translation
1748 unit, we make the virtual table an ordinary definition
1749 with external linkage. */
1750 DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 0;
1751 else if (CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (type))
1753 /* TYPE is being exported from this translation unit, so DECL
1754 should be defined here. The ABI requires COMDAT
1755 linkage. Normally, we only emit COMDAT things when they
1756 are needed; make sure that we realize that this entity is
1761 else if (!flag_implicit_templates
1762 && CLASSTYPE_IMPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (type))
1767 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL && DECL_TINFO_P (decl))
1769 tree type = TREE_TYPE (DECL_NAME (decl));
1770 if (CLASS_TYPE_P (type))
1772 import_export_class (type);
1773 if (CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (type)
1774 && TYPE_POLYMORPHIC_P (type)
1775 && CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (type)
1776 /* If -fno-rtti was specified, then we cannot be sure
1777 that RTTI information will be emitted with the
1778 virtual table of the class, so we must emit it
1779 wherever it is used. */
1785 if (CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (type)
1786 && !CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (type))
1793 else if (DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (decl)
1794 || DECL_FRIEND_PSEUDO_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (decl))
1796 /* DECL is an implicit instantiation of a function or static
1798 if (flag_implicit_templates
1799 || (flag_implicit_inline_templates
1800 && TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
1801 && DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (decl)))
1804 /* If we are not implicitly generating templates, then mark
1805 this entity as undefined in this translation unit. */
1808 else if (DECL_FUNCTION_MEMBER_P (decl))
1810 if (!DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (decl))
1812 tree ctype = DECL_CONTEXT (decl);
1813 import_export_class (ctype);
1814 if (CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (ctype))
1816 DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (decl)
1817 = ! (CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (ctype)
1818 || (DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (decl)
1819 && ! flag_implement_inlines
1820 && !DECL_VINDEX (decl)));
1822 if (!DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (decl))
1823 DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 1;
1825 /* Always make artificials weak. */
1826 if (DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl) && flag_weak)
1829 maybe_make_one_only (decl);
1840 /* If we are importing DECL into this translation unit, mark is
1841 an undefined here. */
1842 DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 1;
1843 DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (decl) = 0;
1847 /* If we decided to put DECL in COMDAT, mark it accordingly at
1849 comdat_linkage (decl);
1852 DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (decl) = 1;
1855 /* Return an expression that performs the destruction of DECL, which
1856 must be a VAR_DECL whose type has a non-trivial destructor, or is
1857 an array whose (innermost) elements have a non-trivial destructor. */
1860 build_cleanup (tree decl)
1863 tree type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
1865 /* This function should only be called for declarations that really
1866 require cleanups. */
1867 my_friendly_assert (!TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (type), 20030106);
1869 /* Treat all objects with destructors as used; the destructor may do
1870 something substantive. */
1873 if (TREE_CODE (type) == ARRAY_TYPE)
1877 cxx_mark_addressable (decl);
1878 temp = build1 (ADDR_EXPR, build_pointer_type (type), decl);
1880 temp = build_delete (TREE_TYPE (temp), temp,
1881 sfk_complete_destructor,
1882 LOOKUP_NORMAL|LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL|LOOKUP_DESTRUCTOR, 0);
1886 /* Returns the initialization guard variable for the variable DECL,
1887 which has static storage duration. */
1890 get_guard (tree decl)
1895 sname = mangle_guard_variable (decl);
1896 guard = IDENTIFIER_GLOBAL_VALUE (sname);
1901 /* We use a type that is big enough to contain a mutex as well
1902 as an integer counter. */
1903 guard_type = targetm.cxx.guard_type ();
1904 guard = build_decl (VAR_DECL, sname, guard_type);
1906 /* The guard should have the same linkage as what it guards. */
1907 TREE_PUBLIC (guard) = TREE_PUBLIC (decl);
1908 TREE_STATIC (guard) = TREE_STATIC (decl);
1909 DECL_COMMON (guard) = DECL_COMMON (decl);
1910 DECL_ONE_ONLY (guard) = DECL_ONE_ONLY (decl);
1911 if (TREE_PUBLIC (decl))
1912 DECL_WEAK (guard) = DECL_WEAK (decl);
1914 DECL_ARTIFICIAL (guard) = 1;
1915 TREE_USED (guard) = 1;
1916 pushdecl_top_level_and_finish (guard, NULL_TREE);
1921 /* Return those bits of the GUARD variable that should be set when the
1922 guarded entity is actually initialized. */
1925 get_guard_bits (tree guard)
1927 if (!targetm.cxx.guard_mask_bit ())
1929 /* We only set the first byte of the guard, in order to leave room
1930 for a mutex in the high-order bits. */
1931 guard = build1 (ADDR_EXPR,
1932 build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (guard)),
1934 guard = build1 (NOP_EXPR,
1935 build_pointer_type (char_type_node),
1937 guard = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, char_type_node, guard);
1943 /* Return an expression which determines whether or not the GUARD
1944 variable has already been initialized. */
1947 get_guard_cond (tree guard)
1951 /* Check to see if the GUARD is zero. */
1952 guard = get_guard_bits (guard);
1954 /* Mask off all but the low bit. */
1955 if (targetm.cxx.guard_mask_bit ())
1957 guard_value = integer_one_node;
1958 if (!same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (guard_value), TREE_TYPE (guard)))
1959 guard_value = convert (TREE_TYPE (guard), guard_value);
1960 guard = cp_build_binary_op (BIT_AND_EXPR, guard, guard_value);
1963 guard_value = integer_zero_node;
1964 if (!same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (guard_value), TREE_TYPE (guard)))
1965 guard_value = convert (TREE_TYPE (guard), guard_value);
1966 return cp_build_binary_op (EQ_EXPR, guard, guard_value);
1969 /* Return an expression which sets the GUARD variable, indicating that
1970 the variable being guarded has been initialized. */
1973 set_guard (tree guard)
1977 /* Set the GUARD to one. */
1978 guard = get_guard_bits (guard);
1979 guard_init = integer_one_node;
1980 if (!same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (guard_init), TREE_TYPE (guard)))
1981 guard_init = convert (TREE_TYPE (guard), guard_init);
1982 return build_modify_expr (guard, NOP_EXPR, guard_init);
1985 /* Start the process of running a particular set of global constructors
1986 or destructors. Subroutine of do_[cd]tors. */
1989 start_objects (int method_type, int initp)
1995 /* Make ctor or dtor function. METHOD_TYPE may be 'I' or 'D'. */
1997 if (initp != DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY)
2007 sprintf (type, "%c%c%.5u", method_type, joiner, initp);
2010 sprintf (type, "%c", method_type);
2012 fndecl = build_lang_decl (FUNCTION_DECL,
2013 get_file_function_name_long (type),
2014 build_function_type (void_type_node,
2016 start_preparsed_function (fndecl, /*attrs=*/NULL_TREE, SF_PRE_PARSED);
2018 /* It can be a static function as long as collect2 does not have
2019 to scan the object file to find its ctor/dtor routine. */
2020 TREE_PUBLIC (current_function_decl) = ! targetm.have_ctors_dtors;
2022 /* Mark this declaration as used to avoid spurious warnings. */
2023 TREE_USED (current_function_decl) = 1;
2025 /* Mark this function as a global constructor or destructor. */
2026 if (method_type == 'I')
2027 DECL_GLOBAL_CTOR_P (current_function_decl) = 1;
2029 DECL_GLOBAL_DTOR_P (current_function_decl) = 1;
2030 DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (current_function_decl)->decl_flags.u2sel = 1;
2032 body = begin_compound_stmt (BCS_FN_BODY);
2034 /* We cannot allow these functions to be elided, even if they do not
2035 have external linkage. And, there's no point in deferring
2036 compilation of thes functions; they're all going to have to be
2038 DECL_INLINE (current_function_decl) = 0;
2039 DECL_UNINLINABLE (current_function_decl) = 1;
2044 /* Finish the process of running a particular set of global constructors
2045 or destructors. Subroutine of do_[cd]tors. */
2048 finish_objects (int method_type, int initp, tree body)
2053 finish_compound_stmt (body);
2054 fn = finish_function (0);
2055 expand_or_defer_fn (fn);
2057 /* When only doing semantic analysis, and no RTL generation, we
2058 can't call functions that directly emit assembly code; there is
2059 no assembly file in which to put the code. */
2060 if (flag_syntax_only)
2063 if (targetm.have_ctors_dtors)
2065 rtx fnsym = XEXP (DECL_RTL (fn), 0);
2066 if (method_type == 'I')
2067 (* targetm.asm_out.constructor) (fnsym, initp);
2069 (* targetm.asm_out.destructor) (fnsym, initp);
2073 /* The names of the parameters to the function created to handle
2074 initializations and destructions for objects with static storage
2076 #define INITIALIZE_P_IDENTIFIER "__initialize_p"
2077 #define PRIORITY_IDENTIFIER "__priority"
2079 /* The name of the function we create to handle initializations and
2080 destructions for objects with static storage duration. */
2081 #define SSDF_IDENTIFIER "__static_initialization_and_destruction"
2083 /* The declaration for the __INITIALIZE_P argument. */
2084 static GTY(()) tree initialize_p_decl;
2086 /* The declaration for the __PRIORITY argument. */
2087 static GTY(()) tree priority_decl;
2089 /* The declaration for the static storage duration function. */
2090 static GTY(()) tree ssdf_decl;
2092 /* All the static storage duration functions created in this
2093 translation unit. */
2094 static GTY(()) varray_type ssdf_decls;
2096 /* A map from priority levels to information about that priority
2097 level. There may be many such levels, so efficient lookup is
2099 static splay_tree priority_info_map;
2101 /* Begins the generation of the function that will handle all
2102 initialization and destruction of objects with static storage
2103 duration. The function generated takes two parameters of type
2104 `int': __INITIALIZE_P and __PRIORITY. If __INITIALIZE_P is
2105 nonzero, it performs initializations. Otherwise, it performs
2106 destructions. It only performs those initializations or
2107 destructions with the indicated __PRIORITY. The generated function
2110 It is assumed that this function will only be called once per
2111 translation unit. */
2114 start_static_storage_duration_function (unsigned count)
2119 char id[sizeof (SSDF_IDENTIFIER) + 1 /* '\0' */ + 32];
2121 /* Create the identifier for this function. It will be of the form
2122 SSDF_IDENTIFIER_<number>. */
2123 sprintf (id, "%s_%u", SSDF_IDENTIFIER, count);
2125 /* Create the parameters. */
2126 parm_types = void_list_node;
2127 parm_types = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, integer_type_node, parm_types);
2128 parm_types = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, integer_type_node, parm_types);
2129 type = build_function_type (void_type_node, parm_types);
2131 /* Create the FUNCTION_DECL itself. */
2132 ssdf_decl = build_lang_decl (FUNCTION_DECL,
2133 get_identifier (id),
2135 TREE_PUBLIC (ssdf_decl) = 0;
2136 DECL_ARTIFICIAL (ssdf_decl) = 1;
2138 /* Put this function in the list of functions to be called from the
2139 static constructors and destructors. */
2142 VARRAY_TREE_INIT (ssdf_decls, 32, "ssdf_decls");
2144 /* Take this opportunity to initialize the map from priority
2145 numbers to information about that priority level. */
2146 priority_info_map = splay_tree_new (splay_tree_compare_ints,
2147 /*delete_key_fn=*/0,
2148 /*delete_value_fn=*/
2149 (splay_tree_delete_value_fn) &free);
2151 /* We always need to generate functions for the
2152 DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY so enter it now. That way when we walk
2153 priorities later, we'll be sure to find the
2154 DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY. */
2155 get_priority_info (DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY);
2158 VARRAY_PUSH_TREE (ssdf_decls, ssdf_decl);
2160 /* Create the argument list. */
2161 initialize_p_decl = cp_build_parm_decl
2162 (get_identifier (INITIALIZE_P_IDENTIFIER), integer_type_node);
2163 DECL_CONTEXT (initialize_p_decl) = ssdf_decl;
2164 TREE_USED (initialize_p_decl) = 1;
2165 priority_decl = cp_build_parm_decl
2166 (get_identifier (PRIORITY_IDENTIFIER), integer_type_node);
2167 DECL_CONTEXT (priority_decl) = ssdf_decl;
2168 TREE_USED (priority_decl) = 1;
2170 TREE_CHAIN (initialize_p_decl) = priority_decl;
2171 DECL_ARGUMENTS (ssdf_decl) = initialize_p_decl;
2173 /* Put the function in the global scope. */
2174 pushdecl (ssdf_decl);
2176 /* Start the function itself. This is equivalent to declaring the
2179 static void __ssdf (int __initialize_p, init __priority_p);
2181 It is static because we only need to call this function from the
2182 various constructor and destructor functions for this module. */
2183 start_preparsed_function (ssdf_decl,
2184 /*attrs=*/NULL_TREE,
2187 /* Set up the scope of the outermost block in the function. */
2188 body = begin_compound_stmt (BCS_FN_BODY);
2190 /* This function must not be deferred because we are depending on
2191 its compilation to tell us what is TREE_SYMBOL_REFERENCED. */
2192 DECL_INLINE (ssdf_decl) = 0;
2193 DECL_UNINLINABLE (ssdf_decl) = 1;
2198 /* Finish the generation of the function which performs initialization
2199 and destruction of objects with static storage duration. After
2200 this point, no more such objects can be created. */
2203 finish_static_storage_duration_function (tree body)
2205 /* Close out the function. */
2206 finish_compound_stmt (body);
2207 expand_or_defer_fn (finish_function (0));
2210 /* Return the information about the indicated PRIORITY level. If no
2211 code to handle this level has yet been generated, generate the
2212 appropriate prologue. */
2214 static priority_info
2215 get_priority_info (int priority)
2220 n = splay_tree_lookup (priority_info_map,
2221 (splay_tree_key) priority);
2224 /* Create a new priority information structure, and insert it
2226 pi = xmalloc (sizeof (struct priority_info_s));
2227 pi->initializations_p = 0;
2228 pi->destructions_p = 0;
2229 splay_tree_insert (priority_info_map,
2230 (splay_tree_key) priority,
2231 (splay_tree_value) pi);
2234 pi = (priority_info) n->value;
2239 /* Set up to handle the initialization or destruction of DECL. If
2240 INITP is nonzero, we are initializing the variable. Otherwise, we
2241 are destroying it. */
2244 start_static_initialization_or_destruction (tree decl, int initp)
2246 tree guard_if_stmt = NULL_TREE;
2253 /* Figure out the priority for this declaration. */
2254 priority = DECL_INIT_PRIORITY (decl);
2256 priority = DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY;
2258 /* Remember that we had an initialization or finalization at this
2260 pi = get_priority_info (priority);
2262 pi->initializations_p = 1;
2264 pi->destructions_p = 1;
2266 /* Trick the compiler into thinking we are at the file and line
2267 where DECL was declared so that error-messages make sense, and so
2268 that the debugger will show somewhat sensible file and line
2270 input_location = DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (decl);
2276 Access control for implicit calls to the constructors,
2277 the conversion functions, or the destructor called to
2278 create and destroy a static data member is performed as
2279 if these calls appeared in the scope of the member's
2282 we pretend we are in a static member function of the class of
2283 which the DECL is a member. */
2284 if (member_p (decl))
2286 DECL_CONTEXT (current_function_decl) = DECL_CONTEXT (decl);
2287 DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (current_function_decl) = 1;
2290 /* Conditionalize this initialization on being in the right priority
2291 and being initializing/finalizing appropriately. */
2292 guard_if_stmt = begin_if_stmt ();
2293 cond = cp_build_binary_op (EQ_EXPR,
2295 build_int_2 (priority, 0));
2296 init_cond = initp ? integer_one_node : integer_zero_node;
2297 init_cond = cp_build_binary_op (EQ_EXPR,
2300 cond = cp_build_binary_op (TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR, cond, init_cond);
2302 /* Assume we don't need a guard. */
2304 /* We need a guard if this is an object with external linkage that
2305 might be initialized in more than one place. (For example, a
2306 static data member of a template, when the data member requires
2308 if (TREE_PUBLIC (decl) && (DECL_COMMON (decl)
2309 || DECL_ONE_ONLY (decl)
2310 || DECL_WEAK (decl)))
2314 guard = get_guard (decl);
2316 /* When using __cxa_atexit, we just check the GUARD as we would
2317 for a local static. */
2318 if (flag_use_cxa_atexit)
2320 /* When using __cxa_atexit, we never try to destroy
2321 anything from a static destructor. */
2322 my_friendly_assert (initp, 20000629);
2323 guard_cond = get_guard_cond (guard);
2325 /* If we don't have __cxa_atexit, then we will be running
2326 destructors from .fini sections, or their equivalents. So,
2327 we need to know how many times we've tried to initialize this
2328 object. We do initializations only if the GUARD is zero,
2329 i.e., if we are the first to initialize the variable. We do
2330 destructions only if the GUARD is one, i.e., if we are the
2331 last to destroy the variable. */
2334 = cp_build_binary_op (EQ_EXPR,
2335 build_unary_op (PREINCREMENT_EXPR,
2341 = cp_build_binary_op (EQ_EXPR,
2342 build_unary_op (PREDECREMENT_EXPR,
2347 cond = cp_build_binary_op (TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR, cond, guard_cond);
2350 finish_if_stmt_cond (cond, guard_if_stmt);
2352 /* If we're using __cxa_atexit, we have not already set the GUARD,
2353 so we must do so now. */
2354 if (guard && initp && flag_use_cxa_atexit)
2355 finish_expr_stmt (set_guard (guard));
2357 return guard_if_stmt;
2360 /* We've just finished generating code to do an initialization or
2361 finalization. GUARD_IF_STMT is the if-statement we used to guard
2362 the initialization. */
2365 finish_static_initialization_or_destruction (tree guard_if_stmt)
2367 finish_then_clause (guard_if_stmt);
2368 finish_if_stmt (guard_if_stmt);
2370 /* Now that we're done with DECL we don't need to pretend to be a
2371 member of its class any longer. */
2372 DECL_CONTEXT (current_function_decl) = NULL_TREE;
2373 DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (current_function_decl) = 0;
2376 /* Generate code to do the initialization of DECL, a VAR_DECL with
2377 static storage duration. The initialization is INIT. */
2380 do_static_initialization (tree decl, tree init)
2384 /* Set up for the initialization. */
2386 = start_static_initialization_or_destruction (decl,
2389 /* Perform the initialization. */
2391 finish_expr_stmt (init);
2393 /* If we're using __cxa_atexit, register a a function that calls the
2394 destructor for the object. */
2395 if (flag_use_cxa_atexit)
2396 register_dtor_fn (decl);
2399 finish_static_initialization_or_destruction (guard_if_stmt);
2402 /* Generate code to do the static destruction of DECL. If DECL may be
2403 initialized more than once in different object files, GUARD is the
2404 guard variable to check. PRIORITY is the priority for the
2408 do_static_destruction (tree decl)
2412 /* If we're using __cxa_atexit, then destructors are registered
2413 immediately after objects are initialized. */
2414 my_friendly_assert (!flag_use_cxa_atexit, 20000121);
2416 /* If we don't need a destructor, there's nothing to do. */
2417 if (TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
2420 /* Actually do the destruction. */
2421 guard_if_stmt = start_static_initialization_or_destruction (decl,
2423 finish_expr_stmt (build_cleanup (decl));
2424 finish_static_initialization_or_destruction (guard_if_stmt);
2427 /* VARS is a list of variables with static storage duration which may
2428 need initialization and/or finalization. Remove those variables
2429 that don't really need to be initialized or finalized, and return
2430 the resulting list. The order in which the variables appear in
2431 VARS is in reverse order of the order in which they should actually
2432 be initialized. The list we return is in the unreversed order;
2433 i.e., the first variable should be initialized first. */
2436 prune_vars_needing_no_initialization (tree *vars)
2439 tree result = NULL_TREE;
2444 tree decl = TREE_VALUE (t);
2445 tree init = TREE_PURPOSE (t);
2447 /* Deal gracefully with error. */
2448 if (decl == error_mark_node)
2450 var = &TREE_CHAIN (t);
2454 /* The only things that can be initialized are variables. */
2455 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL, 19990420);
2457 /* If this object is not defined, we don't need to do anything
2459 if (DECL_EXTERNAL (decl))
2461 var = &TREE_CHAIN (t);
2465 /* Also, if the initializer already contains errors, we can bail
2467 if (init && TREE_CODE (init) == TREE_LIST
2468 && value_member (error_mark_node, init))
2470 var = &TREE_CHAIN (t);
2474 /* This variable is going to need initialization and/or
2475 finalization, so we add it to the list. */
2476 *var = TREE_CHAIN (t);
2477 TREE_CHAIN (t) = result;
2484 /* Make sure we have told the back end about all the variables in
2488 write_out_vars (tree vars)
2492 for (v = vars; v; v = TREE_CHAIN (v))
2494 tree var = TREE_VALUE (v);
2495 if (!var_finalized_p (var))
2497 import_export_decl (var);
2498 rest_of_decl_compilation (var, 0, 1, 1);
2503 /* Generate a static constructor (if CONSTRUCTOR_P) or destructor
2504 (otherwise) that will initialize all gobal objects with static
2505 storage duration having the indicated PRIORITY. */
2508 generate_ctor_or_dtor_function (bool constructor_p, int priority,
2517 input_location = *locus;
2518 #ifdef USE_MAPPED_LOCATION
2524 /* We use `I' to indicate initialization and `D' to indicate
2526 function_key = constructor_p ? 'I' : 'D';
2528 /* We emit the function lazily, to avoid generating empty
2529 global constructors and destructors. */
2532 /* Call the static storage duration function with appropriate
2535 for (i = 0; i < ssdf_decls->elements_used; ++i)
2537 fndecl = VARRAY_TREE (ssdf_decls, i);
2539 /* Calls to pure or const functions will expand to nothing. */
2540 if (! (flags_from_decl_or_type (fndecl) & (ECF_CONST | ECF_PURE)))
2543 body = start_objects (function_key, priority);
2545 arguments = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_int_2 (priority, 0),
2547 arguments = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_int_2 (constructor_p, 0),
2549 finish_expr_stmt (build_function_call (fndecl, arguments));
2553 /* If we're generating code for the DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY, throw in
2554 calls to any functions marked with attributes indicating that
2555 they should be called at initialization- or destruction-time. */
2556 if (priority == DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY)
2560 for (fns = constructor_p ? static_ctors : static_dtors;
2562 fns = TREE_CHAIN (fns))
2564 fndecl = TREE_VALUE (fns);
2566 /* Calls to pure/const functions will expand to nothing. */
2567 if (! (flags_from_decl_or_type (fndecl) & (ECF_CONST | ECF_PURE)))
2570 body = start_objects (function_key, priority);
2571 finish_expr_stmt (build_function_call (fndecl, NULL_TREE));
2576 /* Close out the function. */
2578 finish_objects (function_key, priority, body);
2581 /* Generate constructor and destructor functions for the priority
2585 generate_ctor_and_dtor_functions_for_priority (splay_tree_node n, void * data)
2587 location_t *locus = data;
2588 int priority = (int) n->key;
2589 priority_info pi = (priority_info) n->value;
2591 /* Generate the functions themselves, but only if they are really
2593 if (pi->initializations_p
2594 || (priority == DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY && static_ctors))
2595 generate_ctor_or_dtor_function (/*constructor_p=*/true, priority, locus);
2596 if (pi->destructions_p
2597 || (priority == DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY && static_dtors))
2598 generate_ctor_or_dtor_function (/*constructor_p=*/false, priority, locus);
2600 /* Keep iterating. */
2604 /* Called via LANGHOOK_CALLGRAPH_ANALYZE_EXPR. It is supposed to mark
2605 decls referenced from frontend specific constructs; it will be called
2606 only for language-specific tree nodes.
2608 Here we must deal with member pointers. */
2611 cxx_callgraph_analyze_expr (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
2612 tree from ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
2616 switch (TREE_CODE (t))
2619 if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (TREE_TYPE (t)))
2620 cgraph_mark_needed_node (cgraph_node (PTRMEM_CST_MEMBER (t)));
2623 if (TREE_CODE (BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (t)) == FUNCTION_DECL)
2624 cgraph_mark_needed_node (cgraph_node (BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (t)));
2627 if (DECL_VTABLE_OR_VTT_P (t))
2629 /* The ABI requires that all virtual tables be emitted
2630 whenever one of them is. */
2632 for (vtbl = CLASSTYPE_VTABLES (DECL_CONTEXT (t));
2634 vtbl = TREE_CHAIN (vtbl))
2635 mark_decl_referenced (vtbl);
2637 else if (DECL_CONTEXT (t)
2638 && TREE_CODE (DECL_CONTEXT (t)) == FUNCTION_DECL)
2639 /* If we need a static variable in a function, then we
2640 need the containing function. */
2641 mark_decl_referenced (DECL_CONTEXT (t));
2650 /* This routine is called from the last rule in yyparse ().
2651 Its job is to create all the code needed to initialize and
2652 destroy the global aggregates. We do the destruction
2653 first, since that way we only need to reverse the decls once. */
2662 unsigned ssdf_count = 0;
2664 locus = input_location;
2667 /* Bad parse errors. Just forget about it. */
2668 if (! global_bindings_p () || current_class_type || decl_namespace_list)
2672 c_common_write_pch ();
2674 #ifdef USE_MAPPED_LOCATION
2677 /* Otherwise, GDB can get confused, because in only knows
2678 about source for LINENO-1 lines. */
2682 interface_unknown = 1;
2685 /* We now have to write out all the stuff we put off writing out.
2688 o Template specializations that we have not yet instantiated,
2689 but which are needed.
2690 o Initialization and destruction for non-local objects with
2691 static storage duration. (Local objects with static storage
2692 duration are initialized when their scope is first entered,
2693 and are cleaned up via atexit.)
2694 o Virtual function tables.
2696 All of these may cause others to be needed. For example,
2697 instantiating one function may cause another to be needed, and
2698 generating the initializer for an object may cause templates to be
2699 instantiated, etc., etc. */
2701 timevar_push (TV_VARCONST);
2703 emit_support_tinfos ();
2708 size_t n_old, n_new;
2712 /* If there are templates that we've put off instantiating, do
2714 instantiate_pending_templates ();
2717 /* Write out virtual tables as required. Note that writing out
2718 the virtual table for a template class may cause the
2719 instantiation of members of that class. If we write out
2720 vtables then we remove the class from our list so we don't
2721 have to look at it again. */
2723 while (keyed_classes != NULL_TREE
2724 && maybe_emit_vtables (TREE_VALUE (keyed_classes)))
2727 keyed_classes = TREE_CHAIN (keyed_classes);
2733 tree next = TREE_CHAIN (t);
2737 if (maybe_emit_vtables (TREE_VALUE (next)))
2740 TREE_CHAIN (t) = TREE_CHAIN (next);
2745 next = TREE_CHAIN (t);
2749 /* Write out needed type info variables. We have to be careful
2750 looping through unemitted decls, because emit_tinfo_decl may
2751 cause other variables to be needed. We stick new elements
2752 (and old elements that we may need to reconsider) at the end
2753 of the array, then shift them back to the beginning once we're
2756 n_old = VARRAY_ACTIVE_SIZE (unemitted_tinfo_decls);
2757 for (i = 0; i < n_old; ++i)
2759 tree tinfo_decl = VARRAY_TREE (unemitted_tinfo_decls, i);
2760 if (emit_tinfo_decl (tinfo_decl))
2763 VARRAY_PUSH_TREE (unemitted_tinfo_decls, tinfo_decl);
2766 /* The only elements we want to keep are the new ones. Copy
2767 them to the beginning of the array, then get rid of the
2769 n_new = VARRAY_ACTIVE_SIZE (unemitted_tinfo_decls) - n_old;
2771 memmove (&VARRAY_TREE (unemitted_tinfo_decls, 0),
2772 &VARRAY_TREE (unemitted_tinfo_decls, n_old),
2773 n_new * sizeof (tree));
2774 memset (&VARRAY_TREE (unemitted_tinfo_decls, n_new),
2775 0, n_old * sizeof (tree));
2776 VARRAY_ACTIVE_SIZE (unemitted_tinfo_decls) = n_new;
2778 /* The list of objects with static storage duration is built up
2779 in reverse order. We clear STATIC_AGGREGATES so that any new
2780 aggregates added during the initialization of these will be
2781 initialized in the correct order when we next come around the
2783 vars = prune_vars_needing_no_initialization (&static_aggregates);
2789 /* We need to start a new initialization function each time
2790 through the loop. That's because we need to know which
2791 vtables have been referenced, and TREE_SYMBOL_REFERENCED
2792 isn't computed until a function is finished, and written
2793 out. That's a deficiency in the back-end. When this is
2794 fixed, these initialization functions could all become
2795 inline, with resulting performance improvements. */
2798 /* Set the line and file, so that it is obviously not from
2800 input_location = locus;
2801 ssdf_body = start_static_storage_duration_function (ssdf_count);
2803 /* Make sure the back end knows about all the variables. */
2804 write_out_vars (vars);
2806 /* First generate code to do all the initializations. */
2807 for (v = vars; v; v = TREE_CHAIN (v))
2808 do_static_initialization (TREE_VALUE (v),
2811 /* Then, generate code to do all the destructions. Do these
2812 in reverse order so that the most recently constructed
2813 variable is the first destroyed. If we're using
2814 __cxa_atexit, then we don't need to do this; functions
2815 were registered at initialization time to destroy the
2817 if (!flag_use_cxa_atexit)
2819 vars = nreverse (vars);
2820 for (v = vars; v; v = TREE_CHAIN (v))
2821 do_static_destruction (TREE_VALUE (v));
2826 /* Finish up the static storage duration function for this
2828 input_location = locus;
2829 finish_static_storage_duration_function (ssdf_body);
2831 /* All those initializations and finalizations might cause
2832 us to need more inline functions, more template
2833 instantiations, etc. */
2836 #ifdef USE_MAPPED_LOCATION
2843 /* Go through the set of inline functions whose bodies have not
2844 been emitted yet. If out-of-line copies of these functions
2845 are required, emit them. */
2846 for (i = 0; i < deferred_fns_used; ++i)
2848 tree decl = VARRAY_TREE (deferred_fns, i);
2850 /* Does it need synthesizing? */
2851 if (DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl) && ! DECL_INITIAL (decl)
2852 && (! DECL_REALLY_EXTERN (decl) || DECL_INLINE (decl)))
2854 /* Even though we're already at the top-level, we push
2855 there again. That way, when we pop back a few lines
2856 hence, all of our state is restored. Otherwise,
2857 finish_function doesn't clean things up, and we end
2858 up with CURRENT_FUNCTION_DECL set. */
2859 push_to_top_level ();
2860 synthesize_method (decl);
2861 pop_from_top_level ();
2865 if (!DECL_SAVED_TREE (decl))
2868 import_export_decl (decl);
2870 /* We lie to the back-end, pretending that some functions
2871 are not defined when they really are. This keeps these
2872 functions from being put out unnecessarily. But, we must
2873 stop lying when the functions are referenced, or if they
2874 are not comdat since they need to be put out now. This
2875 is done in a separate for cycle, because if some deferred
2876 function is contained in another deferred function later
2877 in deferred_fns varray, rest_of_compilation would skip
2878 this function and we really cannot expand the same
2880 if (DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (decl)
2881 && DECL_INITIAL (decl)
2882 && decl_needed_p (decl))
2883 DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 0;
2885 /* If we're going to need to write this function out, and
2886 there's already a body for it, create RTL for it now.
2887 (There might be no body if this is a method we haven't
2888 gotten around to synthesizing yet.) */
2889 if (!DECL_EXTERNAL (decl)
2890 && decl_needed_p (decl)
2891 && !TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (decl)
2892 && !cgraph_node (decl)->local.finalized)
2894 /* We will output the function; no longer consider it in this
2896 DECL_DEFER_OUTPUT (decl) = 0;
2897 /* Generate RTL for this function now that we know we
2899 expand_or_defer_fn (decl);
2900 /* If we're compiling -fsyntax-only pretend that this
2901 function has been written out so that we don't try to
2903 if (flag_syntax_only)
2904 TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (decl) = 1;
2909 if (walk_namespaces (wrapup_globals_for_namespace, /*data=*/0))
2912 /* Static data members are just like namespace-scope globals. */
2913 for (i = 0; i < pending_statics_used; ++i)
2915 tree decl = VARRAY_TREE (pending_statics, i);
2916 if (var_finalized_p (decl) || DECL_REALLY_EXTERN (decl))
2918 import_export_decl (decl);
2919 /* If this static data member is needed, provide it to the
2921 if (DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (decl) && decl_needed_p (decl))
2922 DECL_EXTERNAL (decl) = 0;
2925 && wrapup_global_declarations (&VARRAY_TREE (pending_statics, 0),
2926 pending_statics_used))
2929 /* Ask the back end to emit functions and variables that are
2930 enqued. These emissions may result in marking more entities
2932 if (cgraph_assemble_pending_functions ())
2934 if (cgraph_varpool_assemble_pending_decls ())
2939 /* All used inline functions must have a definition at this point. */
2940 for (i = 0; i < deferred_fns_used; ++i)
2942 tree decl = VARRAY_TREE (deferred_fns, i);
2944 if (/* Check online inline functions that were actually used. */
2945 TREE_USED (decl) && DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (decl)
2946 /* But not defined. */
2947 && DECL_REALLY_EXTERN (decl)
2948 /* If we decided to emit this function in another
2949 translation unit, the fact that the definition was
2950 missing here likely indicates only that the repository
2951 decided to place the function elsewhere. With -Winline,
2952 we will still warn if we could not inline the
2954 && !flag_use_repository
2955 /* An explicit instantiation can be used to specify
2956 that the body is in another unit. It will have
2957 already verified there was a definition. */
2958 && !DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (decl))
2960 cp_warning_at ("inline function `%D' used but never defined", decl);
2961 /* This symbol is effectively an "extern" declaration now.
2962 This is not strictly necessary, but removes a duplicate
2964 TREE_PUBLIC (decl) = 1;
2968 /* We give C linkage to static constructors and destructors. */
2969 push_lang_context (lang_name_c);
2971 /* Generate initialization and destruction functions for all
2972 priorities for which they are required. */
2973 if (priority_info_map)
2974 splay_tree_foreach (priority_info_map,
2975 generate_ctor_and_dtor_functions_for_priority,
2981 generate_ctor_or_dtor_function (/*constructor_p=*/true,
2982 DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY, &locus);
2984 generate_ctor_or_dtor_function (/*constructor_p=*/false,
2985 DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY, &locus);
2988 /* We're done with the splay-tree now. */
2989 if (priority_info_map)
2990 splay_tree_delete (priority_info_map);
2992 /* We're done with static constructors, so we can go back to "C++"
2994 pop_lang_context ();
2996 cgraph_finalize_compilation_unit ();
2999 /* Emit mudflap static registration function. This must be done
3000 after all the user functions have been expanded. */
3002 mudflap_finish_file ();
3004 /* Now, issue warnings about static, but not defined, functions,
3005 etc., and emit debugging information. */
3006 walk_namespaces (wrapup_globals_for_namespace, /*data=*/&reconsider);
3007 if (pending_statics)
3008 check_global_declarations (&VARRAY_TREE (pending_statics, 0),
3009 pending_statics_used);
3013 /* The entire file is now complete. If requested, dump everything
3017 FILE *stream = dump_begin (TDI_tu, &flags);
3021 dump_node (global_namespace, flags & ~TDF_SLIM, stream);
3022 dump_end (TDI_tu, stream);
3026 timevar_pop (TV_VARCONST);
3028 if (flag_detailed_statistics)
3030 dump_tree_statistics ();
3031 dump_time_statistics ();
3033 input_location = locus;
3035 #ifdef ENABLE_CHECKING
3036 validate_conversion_obstack ();
3037 #endif /* ENABLE_CHECKING */
3040 /* FN is an OFFSET_REF, DOTSTAR_EXPR or MEMBER_REF indicating the
3041 function to call in parse-tree form; it has not yet been
3042 semantically analyzed. ARGS are the arguments to the function.
3043 They have already been semantically analyzed. */
3046 build_offset_ref_call_from_tree (tree fn, tree args)
3055 object = TREE_OPERAND (fn, 0);
3057 if (processing_template_decl)
3059 my_friendly_assert (TREE_CODE (fn) == DOTSTAR_EXPR
3060 || TREE_CODE (fn) == MEMBER_REF,
3062 if (type_dependent_expression_p (fn)
3063 || any_type_dependent_arguments_p (args))
3064 return build_min_nt (CALL_EXPR, fn, args, NULL_TREE);
3066 /* Transform the arguments and add the implicit "this"
3067 parameter. That must be done before the FN is transformed
3068 because we depend on the form of FN. */
3069 args = build_non_dependent_args (args);
3070 if (TREE_CODE (fn) == DOTSTAR_EXPR)
3071 object = build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, object, 0);
3072 object = build_non_dependent_expr (object);
3073 args = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, object, args);
3074 /* Now that the arguments are done, transform FN. */
3075 fn = build_non_dependent_expr (fn);
3078 /* A qualified name corresponding to a bound pointer-to-member is
3079 represented as an OFFSET_REF:
3081 struct B { void g(); };
3083 void B::g() { (this->*p)(); } */
3084 if (TREE_CODE (fn) == OFFSET_REF)
3086 tree object_addr = build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, object, 0);
3087 fn = TREE_OPERAND (fn, 1);
3088 fn = get_member_function_from_ptrfunc (&object_addr, fn);
3089 args = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, object_addr, args);
3092 expr = build_function_call (fn, args);
3093 if (processing_template_decl && expr != error_mark_node)
3094 return build_min_non_dep (CALL_EXPR, expr, orig_fn, orig_args, NULL_TREE);
3100 check_default_args (tree x)
3102 tree arg = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (x));
3103 bool saw_def = false;
3104 int i = 0 - (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (x)) == METHOD_TYPE);
3105 for (; arg && arg != void_list_node; arg = TREE_CHAIN (arg), ++i)
3107 if (TREE_PURPOSE (arg))
3111 cp_error_at ("default argument missing for parameter %P of `%+#D'",
3119 mark_used (tree decl)
3121 TREE_USED (decl) = 1;
3122 if (processing_template_decl || skip_evaluation)
3125 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL && DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (decl)
3126 && !TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (decl))
3127 /* Remember it, so we can check it was defined. */
3129 if (DECL_DEFERRED_FN (decl))
3131 note_vague_linkage_fn (decl);
3134 assemble_external (decl);
3136 /* Is it a synthesized method that needs to be synthesized? */
3137 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
3138 && DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (decl)
3139 && DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl)
3140 && !DECL_THUNK_P (decl)
3141 && ! DECL_INITIAL (decl)
3142 /* Kludge: don't synthesize for default args. */
3143 && current_function_decl)
3145 synthesize_method (decl);
3146 /* If we've already synthesized the method we don't need to
3147 instantiate it, so we can return right away. */
3151 /* If this is a function or variable that is an instance of some
3152 template, we now know that we will need to actually do the
3153 instantiation. We check that DECL is not an explicit
3154 instantiation because that is not checked in instantiate_decl. */
3155 if ((DECL_NON_THUNK_FUNCTION_P (decl) || TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL)
3156 && DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (decl) && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl)
3157 && (!DECL_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION (decl)
3158 || (TREE_CODE (decl) == FUNCTION_DECL
3159 && DECL_INLINE (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT
3160 (template_for_substitution (decl))))))
3161 /* We put off instantiating functions in order to improve compile
3162 times. Maintaining a stack of active functions is expensive,
3163 and the inliner knows to instantiate any functions it might
3165 instantiate_decl (decl, /*defer_ok=*/true, /*undefined_ok=*/0);
3168 #include "gt-cp-decl2.h"