2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
67 The PCM OSS emulation module.
68 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
70 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
72 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
75 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
77 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
78 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
79 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
80 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
81 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
83 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
84 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
85 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
86 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
91 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
92 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
94 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
96 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
99 Common parameters for top sound card modules
100 --------------------------------------------
102 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
104 index - index (slot #) of sound card
105 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
106 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
107 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
108 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
110 id - card ID (identifier or name)
111 - Can be up to 15 characters long
112 - Default: the card type
113 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
114 containing information about the card
115 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
118 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
123 Module for AdLib FM cards.
125 port - port # for OPL chip
127 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
128 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
129 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
132 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
133 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
134 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
136 Port Client name Port name
137 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
139 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
141 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
143 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
144 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
146 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
151 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
153 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
155 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
160 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
162 port - port # for AD1848 chip
163 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
164 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
166 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
167 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
169 The power-management is supported.
174 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
176 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
177 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
179 This module supports multiple cards.
184 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
186 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
187 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
190 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
192 The power-management is supported.
197 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
199 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
201 The power-management is supported.
206 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
208 This module supports multiple cards.
210 The power-management is supported.
215 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
217 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
218 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
220 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
222 The power-management is supported.
227 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
229 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
230 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
231 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
232 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
233 instead of probing. If this works for you
234 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
236 -1 -- Default behavior.
237 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
238 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
240 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
242 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
243 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
244 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
245 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
247 The power-management is supported.
249 Module snd-atiixp-modem
250 -----------------------
252 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
254 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
256 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
259 The power-management is supported.
261 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
262 -----------------------------------------
264 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
266 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
267 0 = Disable all workarounds
268 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
269 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
270 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
271 3 = Force both settings
272 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
274 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
275 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
276 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
277 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
278 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
279 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
280 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
283 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
284 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
285 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
290 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
292 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
294 The power-management is supported.
299 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
301 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
303 This module supports multiple cards.
308 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
310 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
311 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
313 This module supports multiple cards.
315 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
321 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
323 This module supports multiple cards.
329 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
331 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
333 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
335 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
336 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
337 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
338 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
339 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
340 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
341 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
343 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
345 The power-management is supported.
350 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
352 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
353 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
354 0 = disable (default)
355 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
357 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
359 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
361 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
363 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
365 The power-management is supported.
370 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
372 port - port # for CS4231 chip
373 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
374 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
375 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
376 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
377 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
379 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
380 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
382 The power-management is supported.
387 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
389 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
391 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
393 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
394 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
395 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
396 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
397 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
398 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
399 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
400 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
402 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
403 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are
406 The power-management is supported.
411 Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
412 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
414 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
416 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
418 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
419 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
420 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
421 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
422 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
423 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
424 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
425 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
427 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
428 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
429 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
431 The power-management is supported.
436 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
438 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
440 This module supports multiple cards.
442 The power-management is supported.
447 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
448 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
450 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
451 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
452 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
454 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
455 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
456 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
459 The power-management is supported.
464 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
466 Module snd-cs5535audio
467 ----------------------
469 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
471 The power-management is supported.
476 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
478 This module supports multiple cards.
479 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
484 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
486 This module supports multiple cards.
487 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
492 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
495 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
498 The power-management is supported.
503 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
504 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
505 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
507 The power-management is supported.
512 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
514 This module supports multiple cards.
515 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
520 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
521 * Sound Blaster Live!
522 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
523 * Emu APS (partially supported)
524 * Sound Blaster Audigy
526 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
527 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
528 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
529 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
530 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
531 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
532 enable_ir - enable IR
534 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
536 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
537 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
538 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
539 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
540 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
541 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
542 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
543 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
544 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
545 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
546 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
547 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
548 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
550 The power-management is supported.
555 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
557 This module supports multiple cards.
562 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
563 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
564 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
566 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
568 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
570 The power-management is supported.
575 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
576 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
577 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
578 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
580 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
581 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
583 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
585 The power-management is supported.
590 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
592 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
594 The power-management is supported.
599 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
601 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
602 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
603 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
604 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
605 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
607 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
612 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
614 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
616 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
618 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
619 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
620 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
621 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
622 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
623 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
625 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
626 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
627 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
629 The power-management is supported.
634 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
636 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
638 The power-management is supported.
643 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
645 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
646 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
647 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
648 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
649 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
651 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
652 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
654 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
656 The power-management is supported.
661 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
663 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
664 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
665 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
666 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
667 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
668 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
670 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
672 The power-management is supported.
677 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
679 This module supports multiple cards.
680 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
685 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
687 This module supports multiple cards.
688 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
690 Module snd-gusclassic
691 ---------------------
693 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
695 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
696 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
697 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
698 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
699 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
700 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
701 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
703 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
705 Module snd-gusextreme
706 ---------------------
708 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
710 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
711 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
712 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
713 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
714 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
715 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
716 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
717 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
718 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
719 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
720 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
722 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
727 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
729 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
730 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
731 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
732 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
733 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
734 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
735 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
737 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
742 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8),
743 ATI SB450, SB600, RS600,
747 [Multiple options for each card instance]
748 model - force the model name
749 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = none, 2 = POSBUF, 3 = FIFO size)
750 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
752 [Single (global) options]
753 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
754 codecs (for debugging only)
755 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
756 power_save - Automatic power-saving timtout (in second, 0 =
758 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
761 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
763 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
764 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
765 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
766 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
767 models depending on the codec chip.
769 Model name Description
770 ---------- -----------
772 3stack 3-jack in back and a headphone out
773 3stack-digout 3-jack in back, a HP out and a SPDIF out
774 5stack 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front
775 5stack-digout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, a SPDIF out
776 6stack 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
777 6stack-digout 6-jack with a SPDIF out
779 z71v 3-jack (HP shared SPDIF)
780 asus 3-jack (ASUS Mobo)
782 asus-dig ASUS with SPDIF out
783 asus-dig2 ASUS with SPDIF out (using GPIO2)
785 fujitsu Fujitsu Laptops (Pi1536)
787 lg LG laptop (m1 express dual)
788 lg-lw LG LW20/LW25 laptop
790 clevo Clevo laptops (m520G, m665n)
791 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can be
792 adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
794 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
798 hp-3013 HP machines (3013-variant)
799 fujitsu Fujitsu S7020
801 will Will laptops (PB V7900)
802 replacer Replacer 672V
803 basic fixed pin assignment (old default model)
804 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can
805 adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
807 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
810 fujitsu Fujitsu Laptop
811 hp-bpc HP xw4400/6400/8400/9400 laptops
812 hp-bpc-d7000 HP BPC D7000
813 hp-tc-t5735 HP Thin Client T5735
817 hippo Hippo (ATI) with jack detection, Sony UX-90s
818 hippo_1 Hippo (Benq) with jack detection
819 sony-assamd Sony ASSAMD
820 ultra Samsung Q1 Ultra Vista model
821 basic fixed pin assignment w/o SPDIF
822 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
828 dell Dell OEM laptops (Vostro 1200)
829 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can
830 adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
832 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
835 3stack-dig 3-stack (2-channel) with SPDIF
836 3stack-6ch 3-stack (6-channel)
837 3stack-6ch-dig 3-stack (6-channel) with SPDIF
838 6stack-dig 6-stack with SPDIF
839 lenovo-101e Lenovo laptop
840 eeepc-p701 ASUS Eeepc P701
841 eeepc-ep20 ASUS Eeepc EP20
842 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
845 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
846 6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
848 targa Targa T8, MSI-1049 T8
851 macpro MacPro support
852 mbp3 Macbook Pro rev3
853 imac24 iMac 24'' with jack detection
855 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
858 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
859 6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
860 3stack-6ch 3-jack 6-channel
861 3stack-6ch-dig 3-jack 6-channel with SPDIF I/O
862 6stack-dig-demo 6-jack digital for Intel demo board
863 acer Acer laptops (Travelmate 3012WTMi, Aspire 5600, etc)
864 acer-aspire Acer Aspire 9810
865 medion Medion Laptops
866 medion-md2 Medion MD2
868 targa-2ch-dig Targs/MSI with 2-channel
869 laptop-eapd 3-jack with SPDIF I/O and EAPD (Clevo M540JE, M550JE)
870 lenovo-101e Lenovo 101E
871 lenovo-nb0763 Lenovo NB0763
872 lenovo-ms7195-dig Lenovo MS7195
874 6stack-hp HP machines with 6stack (Nettle boards)
875 3stack-hp HP machines with 3stack (Lucknow, Samba boards)
876 6stack-dell Dell machines with 6stack (Inspiron 530)
878 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
882 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
883 6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF I/O
884 3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660)
885 uniwill-m31 Uniwill M31 laptop
886 toshiba Toshiba laptop support
887 asus Asus laptop support
888 asus-laptop ASUS F2/F3 laptops
889 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
893 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF OUT
894 6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF OUT
895 3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660VD)
896 3stack-660-digout 3-jack with SPDIF OUT (for ALC660VD)
897 lenovo Lenovo 3000 C200
898 dallas Dallas laptops
900 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
903 minimal 3-jack in back
904 min_fp 3-jack in back, 2-jack in front
905 full 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
906 full_dig 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF I/O
907 allout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF out
908 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
911 3stack 3-stack mode (default)
918 basic 3-jack (default)
920 thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T60/X60/Z60
927 basic default configuration
928 thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T61/X61
931 6stack 6-jack, separate surrounds (default)
932 3stack 3-stack, shared surrounds
933 laptop 2-channel only (FSC V2060, Samsung M50)
934 laptop-eapd 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung R65, ASUS A6J)
935 laptop-automute 2-channel with EAPD and HP-automute (Lenovo N100)
936 ultra 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung Ultra tablet PC)
940 6stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
942 3stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
943 laptop 3-jack with hp-jack automute
944 laptop-dig ditto with SPDIF
945 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
949 fujitsu Fujitsu Si1520 laptop
951 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
952 can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
956 laptop Basic Laptop config
957 laptop-hp Laptop config for some HP models (subdevice 30A5)
958 laptop-eapd Laptop config with EAPD support
959 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
960 can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
965 dell-d21 Dell (unknown)
966 dell-d22 Dell (unknown)
967 dell-d23 Dell (unknown)
968 dell-m21 Dell Inspiron 630m, Dell Inspiron 640m
969 dell-m22 Dell Latitude D620, Dell Latitude D820
970 dell-m23 Dell XPS M1710, Dell Precision M90
971 dell-m24 Dell Latitude 120L
972 dell-m25 Dell Inspiron E1505n
973 dell-m26 Dell Inspiron 1501
974 dell-m27 Dell Inspiron E1705/9400
975 gateway Gateway laptops with EAPD control
979 dell-m42 Dell (unknown)
980 dell-m43 Dell Precision
981 dell-m44 Dell Inspiron
986 5stack D945 5stack + SPDIF
987 intel-mac-v1 Intel Mac Type 1
988 intel-mac-v2 Intel Mac Type 2
989 intel-mac-v3 Intel Mac Type 3
990 intel-mac-v4 Intel Mac Type 4
991 intel-mac-v5 Intel Mac Type 5
992 macmini Intel Mac Mini (equivalent with type 3)
993 macbook Intel Mac Book (eq. type 5)
994 macbook-pro-v1 Intel Mac Book Pro 1st generation (eq. type 3)
995 macbook-pro Intel Mac Book Pro 2nd generation (eq. type 3)
996 imac-intel Intel iMac (eq. type 2)
997 imac-intel-20 Intel iMac (newer version) (eq. type 3)
998 dell-d81 Dell (unknown)
999 dell-d82 Dell (unknown)
1000 dell-m81 Dell (unknown)
1001 dell-m82 Dell XPS M1210
1004 ref Reference board, base config
1005 m2-2 Some Gateway MX series laptops
1006 m6 Some Gateway NX series laptops
1007 pa6 Gateway NX860 series
1009 STAC9227/9228/9229/927x
1012 5stack D965 5stack + SPDIF
1013 dell-3stack Dell Dimension E520
1016 vaio Setup for VAIO FE550G/SZ110
1017 vaio-ar Setup for VAIO AR
1019 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
1020 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
1021 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
1023 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
1024 matches with your device, report it together with the PCI
1025 subsystem ID (output of "lspci -nv") to ALSA BTS or alsa-devel
1026 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
1028 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
1029 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
1031 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
1032 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
1033 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
1034 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
1035 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
1036 (Usually SD_LPLIB register is more accurate than the
1039 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
1040 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
1041 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
1042 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
1043 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
1044 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
1045 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
1046 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
1047 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
1048 avoided as much as possible...
1050 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
1051 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
1052 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
1053 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
1054 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
1055 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
1056 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_DETECT, or simply from the file name of the codec
1057 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
1058 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
1059 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
1061 The power-management is supported.
1066 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
1068 This module supports multiple cards.
1070 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
1071 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
1072 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
1074 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
1076 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1077 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1078 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
1079 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1080 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1086 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
1088 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
1089 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
1090 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
1092 See hdspm.txt for details.
1097 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
1098 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
1099 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
1100 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
1101 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
1102 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
1103 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
1104 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1107 * TerraTec EWX 24/96
1108 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1110 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1111 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1112 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1113 * Event Electronics, EZ8
1115 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1117 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1118 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1119 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1120 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1121 phase88, mediastation
1122 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1123 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
1124 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1126 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
1127 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
1130 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1131 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1132 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1133 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1139 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1140 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1141 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1142 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1144 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1145 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1146 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1149 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1150 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1LT
1151 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1153 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
1154 * Chaintech ZNF3-150
1155 * Chaintech ZNF3-250
1162 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1163 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1164 prodigy192, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192,
1165 k8x800, phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci,
1168 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1170 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1171 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1172 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1173 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1179 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1181 This module supports multiple cards.
1182 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1187 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1189 This module supports multiple cards.
1190 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1195 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1197 This module supports multiple cards.
1198 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1203 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1204 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1205 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, ESB2
1206 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1207 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
1209 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1212 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1213 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1214 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1215 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1216 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1218 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1219 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1221 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1222 from the controller chip
1223 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1225 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1227 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1228 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1229 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1231 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1232 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1233 modules, respectively.
1235 The power-management is supported.
1237 Module snd-intel8x0m
1238 --------------------
1240 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1241 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1243 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1244 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1248 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1250 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1252 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1255 The power-management is supported.
1257 Module snd-interwave
1258 --------------------
1260 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1261 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1263 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1264 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1265 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1266 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1268 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1270 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1272 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1273 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1274 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1275 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1277 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1279 Module snd-interwave-stb
1280 ------------------------
1282 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1283 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1284 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1286 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1287 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1288 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1289 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1291 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1293 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1295 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1296 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1297 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1298 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1299 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1301 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1306 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1308 This module supports multiple cards.
1313 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1315 This module supports multiple cards.
1316 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1321 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1323 This module supports multiple cards.
1324 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1329 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1331 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1332 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1333 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1336 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1338 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1339 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1340 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1341 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1344 The power-management is supported.
1349 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1351 This module supports multiple cards.
1352 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1357 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1359 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1361 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1362 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1363 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1364 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1365 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1366 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1367 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1368 wss - enable WSS mode
1369 ide - enable onboard ide support
1374 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1376 This module supports multiple cards.
1377 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1378 See MIXART.txt for details.
1380 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1381 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1382 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1383 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1384 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1389 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1391 This module supports multiple cards.
1392 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1397 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1399 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1400 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1401 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1403 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1408 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1411 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1412 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1413 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1415 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1420 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1422 This module supports multiple devices.
1423 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1428 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1430 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1431 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1432 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1433 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1434 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1435 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1436 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1437 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1440 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1442 The power-management is supported.
1444 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1445 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1446 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1447 the buffer_top option.
1449 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1450 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1451 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1452 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1453 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1456 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1457 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1458 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1459 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1460 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1461 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1462 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1464 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1465 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1466 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1467 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1469 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1470 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1471 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1472 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1474 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1475 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1476 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1477 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1478 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1479 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1485 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1487 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1489 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1491 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1492 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1493 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1494 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1495 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1496 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1497 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1498 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1500 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1501 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1503 The power-management is supported.
1505 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1506 -------------------------
1508 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1509 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1511 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1513 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1515 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1516 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1517 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1518 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1519 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1520 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1522 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1524 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1525 -------------------------
1527 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1529 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1531 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1533 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1534 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1535 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1536 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1537 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1538 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1539 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1541 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1546 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1548 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1550 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1552 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1553 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1554 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1555 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1556 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1557 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1558 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1560 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1565 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1567 This module supports multiple cards.
1569 Module snd-portman2x4
1570 ---------------------
1572 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1574 This module supports multiple cards.
1576 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1577 ---------------------------------
1579 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1581 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1583 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1585 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1587 The power-management is supported.
1589 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1590 ------------------------------------
1592 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1594 For ARM architecture only.
1596 The power-management is supported.
1601 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1603 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1604 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1605 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1607 This module supports multiple cards.
1608 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1609 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1610 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1615 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1616 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1618 This module supports multiple cards.
1623 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1625 This module supports multiple cards.
1630 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1632 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1635 This module supports multiple cards.
1637 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1638 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1639 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1640 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1641 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1644 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1645 ---------------------------------------
1647 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1649 Module supports only one card.
1650 Module has no enable and index options.
1652 The power-management is supported.
1657 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1661 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1662 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1663 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1665 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1667 The power-management is supported.
1669 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1670 -----------------------------
1672 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1673 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1674 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1676 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1677 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1678 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1680 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1682 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1683 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1684 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1685 (snd-sbawe module only)
1686 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1687 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1688 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1690 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1692 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1693 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1694 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1695 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1698 The power-management is supported.
1703 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard.
1705 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1706 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1707 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1708 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1711 This module supports multiple cards.
1713 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1718 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1720 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1721 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1722 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1725 This module supports multiple cards.
1727 The power-management is supported.
1732 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1734 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1735 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1736 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1737 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1738 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1739 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1741 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1742 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1745 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1746 --------------------------------------
1748 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1750 This module supports multiple cards.
1752 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1753 -------------------------------------
1755 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1757 This module supports multiple cards.
1759 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1760 -----------------------------------
1762 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1764 This module supports multiple cards.
1766 Module snd-wavefront
1767 --------------------
1769 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1771 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1772 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1773 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1775 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1777 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1778 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1779 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1780 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1781 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1782 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1783 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1784 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1785 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1787 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1788 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1789 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1790 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1791 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1792 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1793 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1794 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1795 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1796 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1797 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1799 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1800 based on my limited experimentation.
1801 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1802 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1803 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1804 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1806 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1807 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1808 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1810 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1812 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1813 (default:wavefront.os)
1814 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1815 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1816 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1818 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1820 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1822 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1825 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1827 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1828 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1829 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1830 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1831 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1833 Module snd-sonicvibes
1834 ---------------------
1836 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1837 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1839 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1840 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1841 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1843 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1845 Module snd-serial-u16550
1846 ------------------------
1848 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1850 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1851 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1852 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1854 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1856 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1858 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1859 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1860 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1862 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1863 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1868 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1869 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1871 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1874 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1875 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1876 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1878 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1879 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1881 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1883 The power-management is supported.
1885 Module snd-usb-audio
1886 --------------------
1888 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1890 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1891 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1892 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1893 - Influence depends on the device
1896 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1898 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1899 --------------------
1901 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1902 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1903 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1904 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1905 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1907 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1909 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1910 --------------------
1912 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1914 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1916 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1917 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1922 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1923 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1925 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1927 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1928 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1929 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1930 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1931 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1932 rate and different sample rates on different
1934 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1935 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1936 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1938 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1940 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1941 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1942 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1943 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1944 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1946 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1947 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1948 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1949 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1951 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1952 except for the known devices since the output is often
1953 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1955 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1956 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1957 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1959 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1960 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1961 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1962 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1963 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1964 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1965 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1966 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1967 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1970 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1971 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1973 The power-management is supported.
1975 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1976 ------------------------
1978 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1980 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1982 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1984 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1987 The power-management is supported.
1992 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1993 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1994 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1996 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1998 This module supports multiple cards.
2003 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
2005 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
2006 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2008 This module supports multiple cards.
2010 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2011 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2012 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2013 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2014 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
2015 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
2017 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
2019 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
2020 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
2021 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
2022 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
2023 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
2024 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
2025 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
2027 The power-management is supported.
2032 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2034 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2036 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
2037 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2039 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2040 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
2041 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2042 longer require a config file.
2044 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2045 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2046 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2047 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2048 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2050 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2052 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2055 The power-management is supported.
2060 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2062 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2063 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2064 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2065 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2066 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2068 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2070 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2072 The power-management is supported.
2074 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2075 --------------------
2077 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2079 The power-management is supported.
2085 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2086 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2087 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2088 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2089 specifications from version to version :-)
2091 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2092 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2093 the proper value with this option.
2095 The following strings are accepted:
2096 - default Don't override the default setting
2097 - none Disable the quirk
2098 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2099 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
2100 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
2101 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2102 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2103 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
2104 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2106 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
2107 ... are accepted, too.
2109 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
2110 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2113 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2114 ============================
2116 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2117 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
2118 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2119 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
2120 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2122 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2123 will be not built in.
2126 Module Autoloading Support
2127 ==========================
2129 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2130 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
2131 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
2133 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2134 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2135 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2136 as the same card module.
2138 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2139 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2140 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2141 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2142 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2144 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2145 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2146 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2147 sound cards in that option.
2149 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2150 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2151 cards is kept consistent.
2153 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2155 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2157 options snd cards_limit=2
2158 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2159 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2160 options snd-interwave index=0
2161 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2163 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2164 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2165 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2167 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2168 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2170 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2171 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2174 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2176 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2177 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2178 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2179 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2181 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2182 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2183 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2184 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2185 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2188 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2189 =======================================
2191 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2192 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2193 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2194 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2195 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2196 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2197 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2198 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2199 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2201 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2202 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2203 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2204 playback, respectively.
2206 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2207 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2210 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2211 ==============================
2213 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2214 -------------------------------
2215 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2216 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2218 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2219 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2220 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2221 <options> - optional parameters
2222 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2223 this channel but does not want to use it.
2224 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2225 It's good for Quake etc...
2226 - direct don't use plugins
2227 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2228 - non-block force non-block mode
2229 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2231 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2232 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2233 instead of filled blocks
2235 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2236 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2237 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2240 Early Buffer Allocation
2241 =======================
2243 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2244 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2245 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2246 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2247 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2248 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2250 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2251 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2252 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2254 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2256 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2257 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2258 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2259 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2260 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2261 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2262 than 0. The max number is 4.
2266 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2273 ALSA project homepage
2274 http://www.alsa-project.org
2276 ALSA Bug Tracking System
2277 https://bugtrack.alsa-project.org/bugs/
2280 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
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