2 * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 #include "PublicVolume.h"
19 #include "PrivateVolume.h"
21 #include "VolumeBase.h"
22 #include "VolumeManager.h"
23 #include "ResponseCode.h"
24 #include "Ext4Crypt.h"
26 #include <android-base/file.h>
27 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
28 #include <android-base/logging.h>
29 #include <diskconfig/diskconfig.h>
36 #include <sys/types.h>
38 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
39 #include <sys/mount.h>
41 using android::base::ReadFileToString;
42 using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
43 using android::base::StringPrintf;
48 static const char* kSgdiskPath = "/system/bin/sgdisk";
49 static const char* kSgdiskToken = " \t\n";
51 static const char* kSysfsMmcMaxMinors = "/sys/module/mmcblk/parameters/perdev_minors";
53 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiA = 8;
54 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiB = 65;
55 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiC = 66;
56 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiD = 67;
57 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiE = 68;
58 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiF = 69;
59 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiG = 70;
60 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiH = 71;
61 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiI = 128;
62 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiJ = 129;
63 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiK = 130;
64 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiL = 131;
65 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiM = 132;
66 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiN = 133;
67 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiO = 134;
68 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiP = 135;
69 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockMmc = 179;
70 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMin = 240;
71 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMax = 254;
73 static const char* kGptBasicData = "EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7";
74 static const char* kGptAndroidMeta = "19A710A2-B3CA-11E4-B026-10604B889DCF";
75 static const char* kGptAndroidExpand = "193D1EA4-B3CA-11E4-B075-10604B889DCF";
83 static bool isVirtioBlkDevice(unsigned int major) {
85 * The new emulator's "ranchu" virtual board no longer includes a goldfish
86 * MMC-based SD card device; instead, it emulates SD cards with virtio-blk,
87 * which has been supported by upstream kernel and QEMU for quite a while.
88 * Unfortunately, the virtio-blk block device driver does not use a fixed
89 * major number, but relies on the kernel to assign one from a specific
90 * range of block majors, which are allocated for "LOCAL/EXPERIMENAL USE"
91 * per Documentation/devices.txt. This is true even for the latest Linux
92 * kernel (4.4; see init() in drivers/block/virtio_blk.c).
94 * This makes it difficult for vold to detect a virtio-blk based SD card.
95 * The current solution checks two conditions (both must be met):
97 * a) If the running environment is the emulator;
98 * b) If the major number is an experimental block device major number (for
99 * x86/x86_64 3.10 ranchu kernels, virtio-blk always gets major number
100 * 253, but it is safer to match the range than just one value).
102 * Other conditions could be used, too, e.g. the hardware name should be
103 * "ranchu", the device's sysfs path should end with "/block/vd[d-z]", etc.
104 * But just having a) and b) is enough for now.
106 return IsRunningInEmulator() && major >= kMajorBlockExperimentalMin
107 && major <= kMajorBlockExperimentalMax;
110 Disk::Disk(const std::string& eventPath, dev_t device,
111 const std::string& nickname, int flags) :
112 mDevice(device), mSize(-1), mNickname(nickname), mFlags(flags), mCreated(
113 false), mJustPartitioned(false) {
114 mId = StringPrintf("disk:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device));
115 mEventPath = eventPath;
116 mSysPath = StringPrintf("/sys/%s", eventPath.c_str());
117 mDevPath = StringPrintf("/dev/block/vold/%s", mId.c_str());
118 CreateDeviceNode(mDevPath, mDevice);
123 DestroyDeviceNode(mDevPath);
126 std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase> Disk::findVolume(const std::string& id) {
127 for (auto vol : mVolumes) {
128 if (vol->getId() == id) {
131 auto stackedVol = vol->findVolume(id);
132 if (stackedVol != nullptr) {
139 void Disk::listVolumes(VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list) {
140 for (const auto& vol : mVolumes) {
141 if (vol->getType() == type) {
142 list.push_back(vol->getId());
144 // TODO: consider looking at stacked volumes
148 status_t Disk::create() {
151 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskCreated, StringPrintf("%d", mFlags));
157 status_t Disk::destroy() {
161 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskDestroyed);
165 void Disk::createPublicVolume(dev_t device) {
166 auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PublicVolume(device));
167 if (mJustPartitioned) {
168 LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting";
169 vol->setSilent(true);
173 vol->setSilent(false);
176 mVolumes.push_back(vol);
177 vol->setDiskId(getId());
181 void Disk::createPrivateVolume(dev_t device, const std::string& partGuid) {
182 std::string normalizedGuid;
183 if (NormalizeHex(partGuid, normalizedGuid)) {
184 LOG(WARNING) << "Invalid GUID " << partGuid;
189 if (!ReadFileToString(BuildKeyPath(normalizedGuid), &keyRaw)) {
190 PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to load key for GUID " << normalizedGuid;
194 LOG(DEBUG) << "Found key for GUID " << normalizedGuid;
196 auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PrivateVolume(device, keyRaw));
197 if (mJustPartitioned) {
198 LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting";
199 vol->setSilent(true);
203 vol->setSilent(false);
206 mVolumes.push_back(vol);
207 vol->setDiskId(getId());
208 vol->setPartGuid(partGuid);
212 void Disk::destroyAllVolumes() {
213 for (const auto& vol : mVolumes) {
219 status_t Disk::readMetadata() {
223 int fd = open(mDevPath.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
225 if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &mSize)) {
231 unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice);
233 case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD:
234 case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH:
235 case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
236 case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
237 std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/vendor");
239 if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
240 PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read vendor from " << path;
246 case kMajorBlockMmc: {
247 std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/manfid");
249 if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
250 PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read manufacturer from " << path;
253 uint64_t manfid = strtoll(tmp.c_str(), nullptr, 16);
254 // Our goal here is to give the user a meaningful label, ideally
255 // matching whatever is silk-screened on the card. To reduce
256 // user confusion, this list doesn't contain white-label manfid.
258 case 0x000003: mLabel = "SanDisk"; break;
259 case 0x00001b: mLabel = "Samsung"; break;
260 case 0x000028: mLabel = "Lexar"; break;
261 case 0x000074: mLabel = "Transcend"; break;
266 if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
267 LOG(DEBUG) << "Recognized experimental block major ID " << majorId
268 << " as virtio-blk (emulator's virtual SD card device)";
272 LOG(WARNING) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId;
277 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSizeChanged, StringPrintf("%" PRIu64, mSize));
278 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskLabelChanged, mLabel);
279 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSysPathChanged, mSysPath);
283 status_t Disk::readPartitions() {
284 int8_t maxMinors = getMaxMinors();
291 // Parse partition table
293 std::vector<std::string> cmd;
294 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
295 cmd.push_back("--android-dump");
296 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
298 std::vector<std::string> output;
299 status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, output);
301 LOG(WARNING) << "sgdisk failed to scan " << mDevPath;
302 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned);
303 mJustPartitioned = false;
307 Table table = Table::kUnknown;
308 bool foundParts = false;
309 for (const auto& line : output) {
310 char* cline = (char*) line.c_str();
311 char* token = strtok(cline, kSgdiskToken);
312 if (token == nullptr) continue;
314 if (!strcmp(token, "DISK")) {
315 const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
316 if (!strcmp(type, "mbr")) {
318 } else if (!strcmp(type, "gpt")) {
321 } else if (!strcmp(token, "PART")) {
323 int i = strtol(strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken), nullptr, 10);
324 if (i <= 0 || i > maxMinors) {
325 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " is ignoring partition " << i
326 << " beyond max supported devices";
329 dev_t partDevice = makedev(major(mDevice), minor(mDevice) + i);
331 if (table == Table::kMbr) {
332 const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
334 switch (strtol(type, nullptr, 16)) {
336 case 0x0b: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
337 case 0x0c: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
338 case 0x0e: // W95 FAT16 (LBA)
339 createPublicVolume(partDevice);
342 } else if (table == Table::kGpt) {
343 const char* typeGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
344 const char* partGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
346 if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptBasicData)) {
347 createPublicVolume(partDevice);
348 } else if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptAndroidExpand)) {
349 createPrivateVolume(partDevice, partGuid);
355 // Ugly last ditch effort, treat entire disk as partition
356 if (table == Table::kUnknown || !foundParts) {
357 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " has unknown partition table; trying entire device";
361 if (ReadMetadataUntrusted(mDevPath, fsType, unused, unused) == OK) {
362 createPublicVolume(mDevice);
364 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " failed to identify, giving up";
368 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned);
369 mJustPartitioned = false;
373 status_t Disk::unmountAll() {
374 for (const auto& vol : mVolumes) {
380 status_t Disk::partitionPublic() {
383 // TODO: improve this code
385 mJustPartitioned = true;
387 // First nuke any existing partition table
388 std::vector<std::string> cmd;
389 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
390 cmd.push_back("--zap-all");
391 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
393 // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so
394 // just log as warning and keep rolling forward.
395 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
396 LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res;
399 struct disk_info dinfo;
400 memset(&dinfo, 0, sizeof(dinfo));
402 if (!(dinfo.part_lst = (struct part_info *) malloc(
403 MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info)))) {
407 memset(dinfo.part_lst, 0, MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info));
408 dinfo.device = strdup(mDevPath.c_str());
409 dinfo.scheme = PART_SCHEME_MBR;
410 dinfo.sect_size = 512;
411 dinfo.skip_lba = 2048;
415 struct part_info *pinfo = &dinfo.part_lst[0];
417 pinfo->name = strdup("android_sdcard");
418 pinfo->flags |= PART_ACTIVE_FLAG;
419 pinfo->type = PC_PART_TYPE_FAT32;
422 int rc = apply_disk_config(&dinfo, 0);
424 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to apply disk configuration: " << rc;
431 free(dinfo.part_lst);
436 status_t Disk::partitionPrivate() {
437 return partitionMixed(0);
440 status_t Disk::partitionMixed(int8_t ratio) {
443 if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
444 LOG(ERROR) << "Private volumes not yet supported on FBE devices";
449 mJustPartitioned = true;
451 // First nuke any existing partition table
452 std::vector<std::string> cmd;
453 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
454 cmd.push_back("--zap-all");
455 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
457 // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so
458 // just log as warning and keep rolling forward.
459 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
460 LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res;
463 // We've had some success above, so generate both the private partition
464 // GUID and encryption key and persist them.
465 std::string partGuidRaw;
467 if (ReadRandomBytes(16, partGuidRaw) || ReadRandomBytes(16, keyRaw)) {
468 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to generate GUID or key";
472 std::string partGuid;
473 StrToHex(partGuidRaw, partGuid);
475 if (!WriteStringToFile(keyRaw, BuildKeyPath(partGuid))) {
476 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to persist key";
479 LOG(DEBUG) << "Persisted key for GUID " << partGuid;
482 // Now let's build the new GPT table. We heavily rely on sgdisk to
483 // force optimal alignment on the created partitions.
485 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
487 // If requested, create a public partition first. Mixed-mode partitioning
488 // like this is an experimental feature.
490 if (ratio < 10 || ratio > 90) {
491 LOG(ERROR) << "Mixed partition ratio must be between 10-90%";
495 uint64_t splitMb = ((mSize / 100) * ratio) / 1024 / 1024;
496 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--new=0:0:+%" PRId64 "M", splitMb));
497 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptBasicData));
498 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:shared");
501 // Define a metadata partition which is designed for future use; there
502 // should only be one of these per physical device, even if there are
503 // multiple private volumes.
504 cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:+16M");
505 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidMeta));
506 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_meta");
508 // Define a single private partition filling the rest of disk.
509 cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:-0");
510 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidExpand));
511 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--partition-guid=0:%s", partGuid.c_str()));
512 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_expand");
514 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
516 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
517 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to partition; status " << res;
524 void Disk::notifyEvent(int event) {
525 VolumeManager::Instance()->getBroadcaster()->sendBroadcast(event,
526 getId().c_str(), false);
529 void Disk::notifyEvent(int event, const std::string& value) {
530 VolumeManager::Instance()->getBroadcaster()->sendBroadcast(event,
531 StringPrintf("%s %s", getId().c_str(), value.c_str()).c_str(), false);
534 int Disk::getMaxMinors() {
535 // Figure out maximum partition devices supported
536 unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice);
538 case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD:
539 case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH:
540 case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
541 case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
542 // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is static
545 case kMajorBlockMmc: {
546 // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is dynamic
548 if (!ReadFileToString(kSysfsMmcMaxMinors, &tmp)) {
549 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read max minors";
552 return atoi(tmp.c_str());
555 if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
556 // drivers/block/virtio_blk.c has "#define PART_BITS 4", so max is
563 LOG(ERROR) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId;
568 } // namespace android