2 * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 #include "PublicVolume.h"
19 #include "PrivateVolume.h"
21 #include "VolumeBase.h"
22 #include "VolumeManager.h"
23 #include "ResponseCode.h"
24 #include "Ext4Crypt.h"
26 #include <android-base/file.h>
27 #include <android-base/properties.h>
28 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
29 #include <android-base/logging.h>
30 #include <diskconfig/diskconfig.h>
37 #include <sys/types.h>
39 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
40 #include <sys/mount.h>
42 using android::base::ReadFileToString;
43 using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
44 using android::base::StringPrintf;
49 static const char* kSgdiskPath = "/system/bin/sgdisk";
50 static const char* kSgdiskToken = " \t\n";
52 static const char* kSysfsLoopMaxMinors = "/sys/module/loop/parameters/max_part";
53 static const char* kSysfsMmcMaxMinors = "/sys/module/mmcblk/parameters/perdev_minors";
55 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockLoop = 7;
56 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiA = 8;
57 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiB = 65;
58 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiC = 66;
59 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiD = 67;
60 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiE = 68;
61 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiF = 69;
62 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiG = 70;
63 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiH = 71;
64 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiI = 128;
65 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiJ = 129;
66 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiK = 130;
67 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiL = 131;
68 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiM = 132;
69 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiN = 133;
70 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiO = 134;
71 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiP = 135;
72 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockMmc = 179;
73 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMin = 240;
74 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMax = 254;
76 static const char* kGptBasicData = "EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7";
77 static const char* kGptAndroidMeta = "19A710A2-B3CA-11E4-B026-10604B889DCF";
78 static const char* kGptAndroidExpand = "193D1EA4-B3CA-11E4-B075-10604B889DCF";
86 static bool isVirtioBlkDevice(unsigned int major) {
88 * The new emulator's "ranchu" virtual board no longer includes a goldfish
89 * MMC-based SD card device; instead, it emulates SD cards with virtio-blk,
90 * which has been supported by upstream kernel and QEMU for quite a while.
91 * Unfortunately, the virtio-blk block device driver does not use a fixed
92 * major number, but relies on the kernel to assign one from a specific
93 * range of block majors, which are allocated for "LOCAL/EXPERIMENAL USE"
94 * per Documentation/devices.txt. This is true even for the latest Linux
95 * kernel (4.4; see init() in drivers/block/virtio_blk.c).
97 * This makes it difficult for vold to detect a virtio-blk based SD card.
98 * The current solution checks two conditions (both must be met):
100 * a) If the running environment is the emulator;
101 * b) If the major number is an experimental block device major number (for
102 * x86/x86_64 3.10 ranchu kernels, virtio-blk always gets major number
103 * 253, but it is safer to match the range than just one value).
105 * Other conditions could be used, too, e.g. the hardware name should be
106 * "ranchu", the device's sysfs path should end with "/block/vd[d-z]", etc.
107 * But just having a) and b) is enough for now.
109 return IsRunningInEmulator() && major >= kMajorBlockExperimentalMin
110 && major <= kMajorBlockExperimentalMax;
113 Disk::Disk(const std::string& eventPath, dev_t device,
114 const std::string& nickname, int flags) :
115 mDevice(device), mSize(-1), mNickname(nickname), mFlags(flags), mCreated(
116 false), mJustPartitioned(false) {
117 mId = StringPrintf("disk:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device));
118 mEventPath = eventPath;
119 mSysPath = StringPrintf("/sys/%s", eventPath.c_str());
120 mDevPath = StringPrintf("/dev/block/vold/%s", mId.c_str());
121 CreateDeviceNode(mDevPath, mDevice);
126 DestroyDeviceNode(mDevPath);
129 std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase> Disk::findVolume(const std::string& id) {
130 for (auto vol : mVolumes) {
131 if (vol->getId() == id) {
134 auto stackedVol = vol->findVolume(id);
135 if (stackedVol != nullptr) {
142 void Disk::listVolumes(VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list) {
143 for (const auto& vol : mVolumes) {
144 if (vol->getType() == type) {
145 list.push_back(vol->getId());
147 // TODO: consider looking at stacked volumes
151 status_t Disk::create() {
154 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskCreated, StringPrintf("%d", mFlags));
160 status_t Disk::destroy() {
164 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskDestroyed);
168 void Disk::createPublicVolume(dev_t device) {
169 auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PublicVolume(device));
170 if (mJustPartitioned) {
171 LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting";
172 vol->setSilent(true);
176 vol->setSilent(false);
179 mVolumes.push_back(vol);
180 vol->setDiskId(getId());
184 void Disk::createPrivateVolume(dev_t device, const std::string& partGuid) {
185 std::string normalizedGuid;
186 if (NormalizeHex(partGuid, normalizedGuid)) {
187 LOG(WARNING) << "Invalid GUID " << partGuid;
192 if (!ReadFileToString(BuildKeyPath(normalizedGuid), &keyRaw)) {
193 PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to load key for GUID " << normalizedGuid;
197 LOG(DEBUG) << "Found key for GUID " << normalizedGuid;
199 auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PrivateVolume(device, keyRaw));
200 if (mJustPartitioned) {
201 LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting";
202 vol->setSilent(true);
206 vol->setSilent(false);
209 mVolumes.push_back(vol);
210 vol->setDiskId(getId());
211 vol->setPartGuid(partGuid);
215 void Disk::destroyAllVolumes() {
216 for (const auto& vol : mVolumes) {
222 status_t Disk::readMetadata() {
226 int fd = open(mDevPath.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
228 if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &mSize)) {
234 unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice);
236 case kMajorBlockLoop: {
240 case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD:
241 case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH:
242 case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
243 case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
244 std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/vendor");
246 if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
247 PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read vendor from " << path;
253 case kMajorBlockMmc: {
254 std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/manfid");
256 if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
257 PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read manufacturer from " << path;
260 uint64_t manfid = strtoll(tmp.c_str(), nullptr, 16);
261 // Our goal here is to give the user a meaningful label, ideally
262 // matching whatever is silk-screened on the card. To reduce
263 // user confusion, this list doesn't contain white-label manfid.
265 case 0x000003: mLabel = "SanDisk"; break;
266 case 0x00001b: mLabel = "Samsung"; break;
267 case 0x000028: mLabel = "Lexar"; break;
268 case 0x000074: mLabel = "Transcend"; break;
273 if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
274 LOG(DEBUG) << "Recognized experimental block major ID " << majorId
275 << " as virtio-blk (emulator's virtual SD card device)";
279 LOG(WARNING) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId;
284 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSizeChanged, StringPrintf("%" PRIu64, mSize));
285 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskLabelChanged, mLabel);
286 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSysPathChanged, mSysPath);
290 status_t Disk::readPartitions() {
291 int8_t maxMinors = getMaxMinors();
298 // Parse partition table
300 std::vector<std::string> cmd;
301 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
302 cmd.push_back("--android-dump");
303 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
305 std::vector<std::string> output;
306 status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, output);
308 LOG(WARNING) << "sgdisk failed to scan " << mDevPath;
309 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned);
310 mJustPartitioned = false;
314 Table table = Table::kUnknown;
315 bool foundParts = false;
316 for (const auto& line : output) {
317 char* cline = (char*) line.c_str();
318 char* token = strtok(cline, kSgdiskToken);
319 if (token == nullptr) continue;
321 if (!strcmp(token, "DISK")) {
322 const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
323 if (!strcmp(type, "mbr")) {
325 } else if (!strcmp(type, "gpt")) {
328 } else if (!strcmp(token, "PART")) {
330 int i = strtol(strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken), nullptr, 10);
331 if (i <= 0 || i > maxMinors) {
332 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " is ignoring partition " << i
333 << " beyond max supported devices";
336 dev_t partDevice = makedev(major(mDevice), minor(mDevice) + i);
338 if (table == Table::kMbr) {
339 const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
341 switch (strtol(type, nullptr, 16)) {
343 case 0x0b: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
344 case 0x0c: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
345 case 0x0e: // W95 FAT16 (LBA)
346 createPublicVolume(partDevice);
349 } else if (table == Table::kGpt) {
350 const char* typeGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
351 const char* partGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
353 if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptBasicData)) {
354 createPublicVolume(partDevice);
355 } else if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptAndroidExpand)) {
356 createPrivateVolume(partDevice, partGuid);
362 // Ugly last ditch effort, treat entire disk as partition
363 if (table == Table::kUnknown || !foundParts) {
364 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " has unknown partition table; trying entire device";
368 if (ReadMetadataUntrusted(mDevPath, fsType, unused, unused) == OK) {
369 createPublicVolume(mDevice);
371 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " failed to identify, giving up";
375 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned);
376 mJustPartitioned = false;
380 status_t Disk::unmountAll() {
381 for (const auto& vol : mVolumes) {
387 status_t Disk::partitionPublic() {
390 // TODO: improve this code
392 mJustPartitioned = true;
394 // First nuke any existing partition table
395 std::vector<std::string> cmd;
396 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
397 cmd.push_back("--zap-all");
398 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
400 // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so
401 // just log as warning and keep rolling forward.
402 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
403 LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res;
406 struct disk_info dinfo;
407 memset(&dinfo, 0, sizeof(dinfo));
409 if (!(dinfo.part_lst = (struct part_info *) malloc(
410 MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info)))) {
414 memset(dinfo.part_lst, 0, MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info));
415 dinfo.device = strdup(mDevPath.c_str());
416 dinfo.scheme = PART_SCHEME_MBR;
417 dinfo.sect_size = 512;
418 dinfo.skip_lba = 2048;
422 struct part_info *pinfo = &dinfo.part_lst[0];
424 pinfo->name = strdup("android_sdcard");
425 pinfo->flags |= PART_ACTIVE_FLAG;
426 pinfo->type = PC_PART_TYPE_FAT32;
429 int rc = apply_disk_config(&dinfo, 0);
431 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to apply disk configuration: " << rc;
438 free(dinfo.part_lst);
443 status_t Disk::partitionPrivate() {
444 return partitionMixed(0);
447 status_t Disk::partitionMixed(int8_t ratio) {
450 if (e4crypt_is_native()
451 && !android::base::GetBoolProperty("persist.sys.adoptable_fbe", false)) {
452 LOG(ERROR) << "Private volumes not yet supported on FBE devices";
457 mJustPartitioned = true;
459 // First nuke any existing partition table
460 std::vector<std::string> cmd;
461 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
462 cmd.push_back("--zap-all");
463 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
465 // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so
466 // just log as warning and keep rolling forward.
467 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
468 LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res;
471 // We've had some success above, so generate both the private partition
472 // GUID and encryption key and persist them.
473 std::string partGuidRaw;
474 if (GenerateRandomUuid(partGuidRaw) != OK) {
475 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to generate GUID";
480 if (ReadRandomBytes(16, keyRaw) != OK) {
481 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to generate key";
485 std::string partGuid;
486 StrToHex(partGuidRaw, partGuid);
488 if (!WriteStringToFile(keyRaw, BuildKeyPath(partGuid))) {
489 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to persist key";
492 LOG(DEBUG) << "Persisted key for GUID " << partGuid;
495 // Now let's build the new GPT table. We heavily rely on sgdisk to
496 // force optimal alignment on the created partitions.
498 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
500 // If requested, create a public partition first. Mixed-mode partitioning
501 // like this is an experimental feature.
503 if (ratio < 10 || ratio > 90) {
504 LOG(ERROR) << "Mixed partition ratio must be between 10-90%";
508 uint64_t splitMb = ((mSize / 100) * ratio) / 1024 / 1024;
509 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--new=0:0:+%" PRId64 "M", splitMb));
510 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptBasicData));
511 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:shared");
514 // Define a metadata partition which is designed for future use; there
515 // should only be one of these per physical device, even if there are
516 // multiple private volumes.
517 cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:+16M");
518 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidMeta));
519 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_meta");
521 // Define a single private partition filling the rest of disk.
522 cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:-0");
523 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidExpand));
524 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--partition-guid=0:%s", partGuid.c_str()));
525 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_expand");
527 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
529 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
530 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to partition; status " << res;
537 void Disk::notifyEvent(int event) {
538 VolumeManager::Instance()->getBroadcaster()->sendBroadcast(event,
539 getId().c_str(), false);
542 void Disk::notifyEvent(int event, const std::string& value) {
543 VolumeManager::Instance()->getBroadcaster()->sendBroadcast(event,
544 StringPrintf("%s %s", getId().c_str(), value.c_str()).c_str(), false);
547 int Disk::getMaxMinors() {
548 // Figure out maximum partition devices supported
549 unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice);
551 case kMajorBlockLoop: {
553 if (!ReadFileToString(kSysfsLoopMaxMinors, &tmp)) {
554 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read max minors";
557 return atoi(tmp.c_str());
559 case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD:
560 case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH:
561 case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
562 case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
563 // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is static
566 case kMajorBlockMmc: {
567 // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is dynamic
569 if (!ReadFileToString(kSysfsMmcMaxMinors, &tmp)) {
570 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read max minors";
573 return atoi(tmp.c_str());
576 if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
577 // drivers/block/virtio_blk.c has "#define PART_BITS 4", so max is
584 LOG(ERROR) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId;
589 } // namespace android