2 * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 #include "PublicVolume.h"
19 #include "PrivateVolume.h"
21 #include "VolumeBase.h"
22 #include "VolumeManager.h"
23 #include "ResponseCode.h"
25 #include <android-base/file.h>
26 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
27 #include <android-base/logging.h>
28 #include <diskconfig/diskconfig.h>
35 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/mount.h>
39 using android::base::ReadFileToString;
40 using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
41 using android::base::StringPrintf;
46 static const char* kSgdiskPath = "/system/bin/sgdisk";
47 static const char* kSgdiskToken = " \t\n";
49 static const char* kSysfsMmcMaxMinors = "/sys/module/mmcblk/parameters/perdev_minors";
51 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiA = 8;
52 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiB = 65;
53 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiC = 66;
54 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiD = 67;
55 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiE = 68;
56 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiF = 69;
57 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiG = 70;
58 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiH = 71;
59 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiI = 128;
60 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiJ = 129;
61 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiK = 130;
62 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiL = 131;
63 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiM = 132;
64 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiN = 133;
65 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiO = 134;
66 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockScsiP = 135;
67 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockMmc = 179;
68 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMin = 240;
69 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMax = 254;
71 static const char* kGptBasicData = "EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7";
72 static const char* kGptAndroidMeta = "19A710A2-B3CA-11E4-B026-10604B889DCF";
73 static const char* kGptAndroidExpand = "193D1EA4-B3CA-11E4-B075-10604B889DCF";
81 static bool isVirtioBlkDevice(unsigned int major) {
83 * The new emulator's "ranchu" virtual board no longer includes a goldfish
84 * MMC-based SD card device; instead, it emulates SD cards with virtio-blk,
85 * which has been supported by upstream kernel and QEMU for quite a while.
86 * Unfortunately, the virtio-blk block device driver does not use a fixed
87 * major number, but relies on the kernel to assign one from a specific
88 * range of block majors, which are allocated for "LOCAL/EXPERIMENAL USE"
89 * per Documentation/devices.txt. This is true even for the latest Linux
90 * kernel (4.4; see init() in drivers/block/virtio_blk.c).
92 * This makes it difficult for vold to detect a virtio-blk based SD card.
93 * The current solution checks two conditions (both must be met):
95 * a) If the running environment is the emulator;
96 * b) If the major number is an experimental block device major number (for
97 * x86/x86_64 3.10 ranchu kernels, virtio-blk always gets major number
98 * 253, but it is safer to match the range than just one value).
100 * Other conditions could be used, too, e.g. the hardware name should be
101 * "ranchu", the device's sysfs path should end with "/block/vd[d-z]", etc.
102 * But just having a) and b) is enough for now.
104 return IsRunningInEmulator() && major >= kMajorBlockExperimentalMin
105 && major <= kMajorBlockExperimentalMax;
108 Disk::Disk(const std::string& eventPath, dev_t device,
109 const std::string& nickname, int flags) :
110 mDevice(device), mSize(-1), mNickname(nickname), mFlags(flags), mCreated(
111 false), mJustPartitioned(false) {
112 mId = StringPrintf("disk:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device));
113 mEventPath = eventPath;
114 mSysPath = StringPrintf("/sys/%s", eventPath.c_str());
115 mDevPath = StringPrintf("/dev/block/vold/%s", mId.c_str());
116 CreateDeviceNode(mDevPath, mDevice);
121 DestroyDeviceNode(mDevPath);
124 std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase> Disk::findVolume(const std::string& id) {
125 for (auto vol : mVolumes) {
126 if (vol->getId() == id) {
129 auto stackedVol = vol->findVolume(id);
130 if (stackedVol != nullptr) {
137 void Disk::listVolumes(VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list) {
138 for (auto vol : mVolumes) {
139 if (vol->getType() == type) {
140 list.push_back(vol->getId());
142 // TODO: consider looking at stacked volumes
146 status_t Disk::create() {
149 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskCreated, StringPrintf("%d", mFlags));
155 status_t Disk::destroy() {
159 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskDestroyed);
163 void Disk::createPublicVolume(dev_t device) {
164 auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PublicVolume(device));
165 if (mJustPartitioned) {
166 LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting";
167 vol->setSilent(true);
171 vol->setSilent(false);
174 mVolumes.push_back(vol);
175 vol->setDiskId(getId());
179 void Disk::createPrivateVolume(dev_t device, const std::string& partGuid) {
180 std::string normalizedGuid;
181 if (NormalizeHex(partGuid, normalizedGuid)) {
182 LOG(WARNING) << "Invalid GUID " << partGuid;
187 if (!ReadFileToString(BuildKeyPath(normalizedGuid), &keyRaw)) {
188 PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to load key for GUID " << normalizedGuid;
192 LOG(DEBUG) << "Found key for GUID " << normalizedGuid;
194 auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new PrivateVolume(device, keyRaw));
195 if (mJustPartitioned) {
196 LOG(DEBUG) << "Device just partitioned; silently formatting";
197 vol->setSilent(true);
201 vol->setSilent(false);
204 mVolumes.push_back(vol);
205 vol->setDiskId(getId());
206 vol->setPartGuid(partGuid);
210 void Disk::destroyAllVolumes() {
211 for (auto vol : mVolumes) {
217 status_t Disk::readMetadata() {
221 int fd = open(mDevPath.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
223 if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &mSize)) {
229 unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice);
231 case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD:
232 case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH:
233 case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
234 case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
235 std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/vendor");
237 if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
238 PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read vendor from " << path;
244 case kMajorBlockMmc: {
245 std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/manfid");
247 if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
248 PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read manufacturer from " << path;
251 uint64_t manfid = strtoll(tmp.c_str(), nullptr, 16);
252 // Our goal here is to give the user a meaningful label, ideally
253 // matching whatever is silk-screened on the card. To reduce
254 // user confusion, this list doesn't contain white-label manfid.
256 case 0x000003: mLabel = "SanDisk"; break;
257 case 0x00001b: mLabel = "Samsung"; break;
258 case 0x000028: mLabel = "Lexar"; break;
259 case 0x000074: mLabel = "Transcend"; break;
264 if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
265 LOG(DEBUG) << "Recognized experimental block major ID " << majorId
266 << " as virtio-blk (emulator's virtual SD card device)";
270 LOG(WARNING) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId;
275 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSizeChanged, StringPrintf("%" PRIu64, mSize));
276 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskLabelChanged, mLabel);
277 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskSysPathChanged, mSysPath);
281 status_t Disk::readPartitions() {
282 int8_t maxMinors = getMaxMinors();
289 // Parse partition table
291 std::vector<std::string> cmd;
292 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
293 cmd.push_back("--android-dump");
294 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
296 std::vector<std::string> output;
297 status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, output);
299 LOG(WARNING) << "sgdisk failed to scan " << mDevPath;
300 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned);
301 mJustPartitioned = false;
305 Table table = Table::kUnknown;
306 bool foundParts = false;
307 for (auto line : output) {
308 char* cline = (char*) line.c_str();
309 char* token = strtok(cline, kSgdiskToken);
310 if (token == nullptr) continue;
312 if (!strcmp(token, "DISK")) {
313 const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
314 if (!strcmp(type, "mbr")) {
316 } else if (!strcmp(type, "gpt")) {
319 } else if (!strcmp(token, "PART")) {
321 int i = strtol(strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken), nullptr, 10);
322 if (i <= 0 || i > maxMinors) {
323 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " is ignoring partition " << i
324 << " beyond max supported devices";
327 dev_t partDevice = makedev(major(mDevice), minor(mDevice) + i);
329 if (table == Table::kMbr) {
330 const char* type = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
332 switch (strtol(type, nullptr, 16)) {
334 case 0x0b: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
335 case 0x0c: // W95 FAT32 (LBA)
336 case 0x0e: // W95 FAT16 (LBA)
337 createPublicVolume(partDevice);
340 } else if (table == Table::kGpt) {
341 const char* typeGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
342 const char* partGuid = strtok(nullptr, kSgdiskToken);
344 if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptBasicData)) {
345 createPublicVolume(partDevice);
346 } else if (!strcasecmp(typeGuid, kGptAndroidExpand)) {
347 createPrivateVolume(partDevice, partGuid);
353 // Ugly last ditch effort, treat entire disk as partition
354 if (table == Table::kUnknown || !foundParts) {
355 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " has unknown partition table; trying entire device";
359 if (ReadMetadataUntrusted(mDevPath, fsType, unused, unused) == OK) {
360 createPublicVolume(mDevice);
362 LOG(WARNING) << mId << " failed to identify, giving up";
366 notifyEvent(ResponseCode::DiskScanned);
367 mJustPartitioned = false;
371 status_t Disk::unmountAll() {
372 for (auto vol : mVolumes) {
378 status_t Disk::partitionPublic() {
381 // TODO: improve this code
383 mJustPartitioned = true;
385 // First nuke any existing partition table
386 std::vector<std::string> cmd;
387 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
388 cmd.push_back("--zap-all");
389 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
391 // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so
392 // just log as warning and keep rolling forward.
393 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
394 LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res;
397 struct disk_info dinfo;
398 memset(&dinfo, 0, sizeof(dinfo));
400 if (!(dinfo.part_lst = (struct part_info *) malloc(
401 MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info)))) {
405 memset(dinfo.part_lst, 0, MAX_NUM_PARTS * sizeof(struct part_info));
406 dinfo.device = strdup(mDevPath.c_str());
407 dinfo.scheme = PART_SCHEME_MBR;
408 dinfo.sect_size = 512;
409 dinfo.skip_lba = 2048;
413 struct part_info *pinfo = &dinfo.part_lst[0];
415 pinfo->name = strdup("android_sdcard");
416 pinfo->flags |= PART_ACTIVE_FLAG;
417 pinfo->type = PC_PART_TYPE_FAT32;
420 int rc = apply_disk_config(&dinfo, 0);
422 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to apply disk configuration: " << rc;
429 free(dinfo.part_lst);
434 status_t Disk::partitionPrivate() {
435 return partitionMixed(0);
438 status_t Disk::partitionMixed(int8_t ratio) {
442 mJustPartitioned = true;
444 // First nuke any existing partition table
445 std::vector<std::string> cmd;
446 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
447 cmd.push_back("--zap-all");
448 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
450 // Zap sometimes returns an error when it actually succeeded, so
451 // just log as warning and keep rolling forward.
452 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
453 LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to zap; status " << res;
456 // We've had some success above, so generate both the private partition
457 // GUID and encryption key and persist them.
458 std::string partGuidRaw;
460 if (ReadRandomBytes(16, partGuidRaw) || ReadRandomBytes(16, keyRaw)) {
461 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to generate GUID or key";
465 std::string partGuid;
466 StrToHex(partGuidRaw, partGuid);
468 if (!WriteStringToFile(keyRaw, BuildKeyPath(partGuid))) {
469 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to persist key";
472 LOG(DEBUG) << "Persisted key for GUID " << partGuid;
475 // Now let's build the new GPT table. We heavily rely on sgdisk to
476 // force optimal alignment on the created partitions.
478 cmd.push_back(kSgdiskPath);
480 // If requested, create a public partition first. Mixed-mode partitioning
481 // like this is an experimental feature.
483 if (ratio < 10 || ratio > 90) {
484 LOG(ERROR) << "Mixed partition ratio must be between 10-90%";
488 uint64_t splitMb = ((mSize / 100) * ratio) / 1024 / 1024;
489 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--new=0:0:+%" PRId64 "M", splitMb));
490 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptBasicData));
491 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:shared");
494 // Define a metadata partition which is designed for future use; there
495 // should only be one of these per physical device, even if there are
496 // multiple private volumes.
497 cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:+16M");
498 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidMeta));
499 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_meta");
501 // Define a single private partition filling the rest of disk.
502 cmd.push_back("--new=0:0:-0");
503 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--typecode=0:%s", kGptAndroidExpand));
504 cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("--partition-guid=0:%s", partGuid.c_str()));
505 cmd.push_back("--change-name=0:android_expand");
507 cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
509 if ((res = ForkExecvp(cmd)) != 0) {
510 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to partition; status " << res;
517 void Disk::notifyEvent(int event) {
518 VolumeManager::Instance()->getBroadcaster()->sendBroadcast(event,
519 getId().c_str(), false);
522 void Disk::notifyEvent(int event, const std::string& value) {
523 VolumeManager::Instance()->getBroadcaster()->sendBroadcast(event,
524 StringPrintf("%s %s", getId().c_str(), value.c_str()).c_str(), false);
527 int Disk::getMaxMinors() {
528 // Figure out maximum partition devices supported
529 unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice);
531 case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD:
532 case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH:
533 case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
534 case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
535 // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is static
538 case kMajorBlockMmc: {
539 // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is dynamic
541 if (!ReadFileToString(kSysfsMmcMaxMinors, &tmp)) {
542 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read max minors";
545 return atoi(tmp.c_str());
548 if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
549 // drivers/block/virtio_blk.c has "#define PART_BITS 4", so max is
556 LOG(ERROR) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId;
561 } // namespace android