@end ifset
@c Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
-@c 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009,
+@c 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c *** Converted to texinfo by Dean Wakerley, dean@wakerley.com
@c IMPORTANT: whenever you modify this file, run `install.texi2html' to
systems' @command{tar} programs will also work, only try GNU
@command{tar} if you have problems.
-@item GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.2 (or later)
+@item GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.3.2 (or later)
Necessary to build GCC@. If you do not have it installed in your
library search path, you will have to configure with the
distribution is found in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named
@file{gmp}, it will be built together with GCC@.
-@item MPFR Library version 2.3.2 (or later)
+@item MPFR Library version 2.4.2 (or later)
Necessary to build GCC@. It can be downloaded from
@uref{http://www.mpfr.org/}. The @option{--with-mpfr} configure
distribution is found in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named
@file{mpfr}, it will be built together with GCC@.
+@item MPC Library version 0.8.1 (or later)
+
+Necessary to build GCC@. It can be downloaded from
+@uref{http://www.multiprecision.org/}. The @option{--with-mpc}
+configure option should be used if your MPC Library is not installed
+in your default library search path. See also @option{--with-mpc-lib}
+and @option{--with-mpc-include}. Alternatively, if an MPC source
+distribution is found in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named
+@file{mpc}, it will be built together with GCC@.
+
@item Parma Polyhedra Library (PPL) version 0.10
Necessary to build GCC with the Graphite loop optimizations.
Necessary to build libgcj, the GCJ runtime.
-@item MPC Library version 0.7.0 (or later)
-
-Optional when building GCC@. Having this library will enable
-additional optimizations on complex numbers. It can be downloaded
-from @uref{http://www.multiprecision.org/mpc/}. The
-@option{--with-mpc} configure option should be used if your MPC
-Library is not installed in your default library search path. See
-also @option{--with-mpc-lib} and @option{--with-mpc-include}.
-Alternatively, if an MPC source distribution is found in a
-subdirectory of your GCC sources named @file{mpc}, it will be built
-together with GCC@.
-
@item libelf version 0.8.12 (or later)
Necessary to build link-time optimization (LTO) support. It can be
downloaded from @uref{http://www.mr511.de/software/libelf-0.8.12.tar.gz},
-though it is commonly available in several systems.
+though it is commonly available in several systems. The versions in
+IRIX 5 and 6 don't work since they lack @file{gelf.h}. The version in
+recent releases of Solaris 11 does work, previous ones don't yet.
The @option{--with-libelf} configure option should be used if libelf is
not installed in your default library search patch.
@item single
Disable thread support, should work for all platforms.
@item solaris
-Sun Solaris 2 thread support.
+Sun Solaris 2/Unix International thread support. Only use this if you
+really need to use this legacy API instead of the default, @samp{posix}.
@item vxworks
VxWorks thread support.
@item win32
Specify if the compiler should default to @option{-marm} or @option{-mthumb}.
This option is only supported on ARM targets.
+@item --with-fpmath=sse
+Specify if the compiler should default to @option{-msse2} and
+@option{-mfpmath=sse}. This option is only supported on i386 and
+x86-64 targets.
+
@item --with-divide=@var{type}
Specify how the compiler should generate code for checking for
division by zero. This option is only supported on the MIPS target.
option enables the 32-bit target to be a bi-arch compiler, which is
useful when you want a bi-arch compiler that defaults to 32-bit, and
you are building a bi-arch or multi-arch binutils in a combined tree.
-Currently, this option only affects sparc-linux, powerpc-linux and
-x86-linux.
+On mips-linux, this will build a tri-arch compiler (ABI o32/n32/64),
+defaulted to o32.
+Currently, this option only affects sparc-linux, powerpc-linux, x86-linux
+and mips-linux.
@item --enable-secureplt
This option enables @option{-msecure-plt} by default for powerpc-linux.
generated.
@item --disable-stage1-checking
-@item --enable-stage1-checking
+@itemx --enable-stage1-checking
@itemx --enable-stage1-checking=@var{list}
If no @option{--enable-checking} option is specified the stage1
compiler will be built with @samp{yes} checking enabled, otherwise
@item --enable-aot-compile-rpm
Adds aot-compile-rpm to the list of installed scripts.
+@item --enable-browser-plugin
+Build the gcjwebplugin web browser plugin.
+
@table @code
@item ansi
Use the single-byte @code{char} and the Win32 A functions natively,
@item
@uref{#iq2000-x-elf,,iq2000-*-elf}
@item
+@uref{#lm32-x-elf,,lm32-*-elf}
+@item
+@uref{#lm32-x-uclinux,,lm32-*-uclinux}
+@item
@uref{#m32c-x-elf,,m32c-*-elf}
@item
@uref{#m32r-x-elf,,m32r-*-elf}
@item
@uref{#sparc-sun-solaris27,,sparc-sun-solaris2.7}
@item
+@uref{#sparc-sun-solaris210,,sparc-sun-solaris2.10}
+@item
@uref{#sparc-x-linux,,sparc-*-linux*}
@item
@uref{#sparc64-x-solaris2,,sparc64-*-solaris2*}
@end html
@heading @anchor{alpha-dec-osf}alpha*-dec-osf*
Systems using processors that implement the DEC Alpha architecture and
-are running the DEC/Compaq Unix (DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX, or Compaq
+are running the DEC/Compaq/HP Unix (DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX, or Compaq/HP
Tru64 UNIX) operating system, for example the DEC Alpha AXP systems.
As of GCC 3.2, versions before @code{alpha*-dec-osf4} are no longer
supported. (These are the versions which identify themselves as DEC
-OSF/1.)
+OSF/1.) As of GCC 4.5, support for Tru64 UNIX V4.0 and V5.0 has been
+obsoleted, but can still be enabled by configuring with
+@option{--enable-obsolete}. Support will be removed in GCC 4.6.
-In Digital Unix V4.0, virtual memory exhausted bootstrap failures
-may be fixed by configuring with @option{--with-gc=simple},
-reconfiguring Kernel Virtual Memory and Swap parameters
+On Tru64 UNIX, virtual memory exhausted bootstrap failures
+may be fixed by reconfiguring Kernel Virtual Memory and Swap parameters
per the @command{/usr/sbin/sys_check} Tuning Suggestions,
or applying the patch in
-@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2002-08/msg00822.html}.
-
-In Tru64 UNIX V5.1, Compaq introduced a new assembler that does not
-currently (2001-06-13) work with @command{mips-tfile}. As a workaround,
-we need to use the old assembler, invoked via the barely documented
-@option{-oldas} option. To bootstrap GCC, you either need to use the
-Compaq C Compiler:
-
-@smallexample
- % CC=cc @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}]
-@end smallexample
+@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2002-08/msg00822.html}. Depending on
+the OS version used, you need a data segment size between 512 MB and
+1 GB, so simply use @command{ulimit -Sd unlimited}.
-or you can use a copy of GCC 2.95.3 or higher built on Tru64 UNIX V4.0:
-
-@smallexample
- % CC=gcc -Wa,-oldas @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}]
-@end smallexample
-
-As of GNU binutils 2.11.2, neither GNU @command{as} nor GNU @command{ld}
+As of GNU binutils 2.20.1, neither GNU @command{as} nor GNU @command{ld}
are supported on Tru64 UNIX, so you must not configure GCC with
@option{--with-gnu-as} or @option{--with-gnu-ld}.
GCC writes a @samp{.verstamp} directive to the assembler output file
unless it is built as a cross-compiler. It gets the version to use from
the system header file @file{/usr/include/stamp.h}. If you install a
-new version of DEC Unix, you should rebuild GCC to pick up the new version
+new version of Tru64 UNIX, you should rebuild GCC to pick up the new version
stamp.
-@samp{make compare} may fail on old versions of DEC Unix unless you add
-@option{-save-temps} to @code{BOOT_CFLAGS}. On these systems, the name
-of the assembler input file is stored in the object file, and that makes
-comparison fail if it differs between the @code{stage1} and
-@code{stage2} compilations. The option @option{-save-temps} forces a
-fixed name to be used for the assembler input file, instead of a
-randomly chosen name in @file{/tmp}. Do not add @option{-save-temps}
-unless the comparisons fail without that option. If you add
-@option{-save-temps}, you will have to manually delete the @samp{.i} and
-@samp{.s} files after each series of compilations.
-
GCC now supports both the native (ECOFF) debugging format used by DBX
and GDB and an encapsulated STABS format for use only with GDB@. See the
discussion of the @option{--with-stabs} option of @file{configure} above
for more information on these formats and how to select them.
+@c FIXME: does this work at all? If so, perhaps make default.
There is a bug in DEC's assembler that produces incorrect line numbers
for ECOFF format when the @samp{.align} directive is used. To work
DBX@. DEC is now aware of this problem with the assembler and hopes to
provide a fix shortly.
+@c FIXME: still applicable?
+
@html
<hr />
@end html
@end html
@heading @anchor{ix86-x-solaris210}i?86-*-solaris2.10
Use this for Solaris 10 or later on x86 and x86-64 systems. This
-configuration is supported by GCC 4.0 and later versions only.
-
-It is recommended that you configure GCC to use the GNU assembler in
-@file{/usr/sfw/bin/gas} but the Sun linker, using the options
-@option{--with-gnu-as --with-as=/usr/sfw/bin/gas --without-gnu-ld
---with-ld=/usr/ccs/bin/ld}.
+configuration is supported by GCC 4.0 and later versions only. Unlike
+@samp{sparcv9-sun-solaris2*}, there is no corresponding 64-bit
+configuration like @samp{amd64-*-solaris2*} or @samp{x86_64-*-solaris2*}.
+@c FIXME: will there ever be?
+
+It is recommended that you configure GCC to use the GNU assembler, in
+@file{/usr/sfw/bin/gas}. The versions included in Solaris 10, from GNU
+binutils 2.15, and Solaris 11, from GNU binutils 2.19, work fine,
+although the latest (as of 2010-04-01) version, from GNU binutils
+2.20.1, is known to work, too. Recent versions of the Sun assembler in
+@file{/usr/ccs/bin/as} work almost as well, though.
+@c FIXME: as patch requirements?
+
+For linking, the Sun linker, is preferred. If you want to use the GNU
+linker instead, which is available in @file{/usr/sfw/bin/gld}, note that
+due to a packaging bug the version in Solaris 10, from GNU binutils
+2.15, cannot be used, while the version in Solaris 11, from GNU binutils
+2.19, works, as does the latest version, from GNU binutils 2.20.1.
+
+To use GNU @command{as}, configure with the options
+@option{--with-gnu-as --with-as=/usr/sfw/bin/gas}. It may be necessary
+to configure with @option{--without-gnu-ld --with-ld=/usr/ccs/bin/ld} to
+guarantee use of Sun @command{ld}.
+@c FIXME: why --without-gnu-ld --with-ld?
@html
<hr />
@html
<hr />
@end html
+@heading @anchor{lm32-x-elf}lm32-*-elf
+Lattice Mico32 processor.
+This configuration is intended for embedded systems.
+
+@html
+<hr />
+@end html
+@heading @anchor{lm32-x-uclinux}lm32-*-uclinux
+Lattice Mico32 processor.
+This configuration is intended for embedded systems running uClinux.
+
+@html
+<hr />
+@end html
@heading @anchor{m32c-x-elf}m32c-*-elf
Renesas M32C processor.
This configuration is intended for embedded systems.
@end html
@heading @anchor{mips-sgi-irix5}mips-sgi-irix5
+Support for IRIX 5 has been obsoleted in GCC 4.5, but can still be
+enabled by configuring with @option{--enable-obsolete}. Support will be
+removed in GCC 4.6.
+
In order to compile GCC on an SGI running IRIX 5, the @samp{compiler_dev.hdr}
subsystem must be installed from the IDO CD-ROM supplied by SGI@.
It is also available for download from
-@uref{ftp://ftp.sgi.com/sgi/IRIX5.3/iris-development-option-5.3.tardist}.
+@uref{http://freeware.sgi.com/ido.html}.
If you use the MIPS C compiler to bootstrap, it may be necessary
to increase its table size for switch statements with the
@option{-Wf,-XNg1500} option. If you use the @option{-O2}
optimization option, you also need to use @option{-Olimit 3000}.
+@c FIXME: verify.
+
+GCC must be configured to use GNU @command{as}. The latest version, from GNU
+binutils 2.20.1, is known to work.
To enable debugging under IRIX 5, you must use GNU binutils 2.15 or
later, and use the @option{--with-gnu-ld} @command{configure} option
-when configuring GCC@. You need to use GNU @command{ar} and @command{nm},
+when configuring GCC@.
+You need to use GNU @command{ar} and @command{nm},
also distributed with GNU binutils.
+@c FIXME: which parts of this are still true?
-Some users have reported that @command{/bin/sh} will hang during bootstrap.
-This problem can be avoided by running the commands:
+Configuring GCC with @command{/bin/sh} is @emph{extremely} slow and may
+even hang. This problem can be avoided by running @command{configure}
+like this:
@smallexample
- % CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/ksh
+ % CONFIG_SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash
% export CONFIG_SHELL
+ % $CONFIG_SHELL @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}]
@end smallexample
@noindent
-before starting the build.
+@command{/bin/ksh} doesn't work properly either.
@html
<hr />
@end html
@heading @anchor{mips-sgi-irix6}mips-sgi-irix6
+Support for IRIX 6 releases before 6.5 has been obsoleted in GCC 4.5,
+but can still be enabled by configuring with @option{--enable-obsolete}.
+Support will be removed in GCC 4.6, which will also disable support for
+the O32 ABI. It is @emph{strongly} recommended to upgrade to at least
+IRIX 6.5.18. This release introduced full ISO C99 support, though for
+the N32 and N64 ABIs only.
+
+To build and use GCC on IRIX 6, you need the IRIX Development Foundation
+(IDF) and IRIX Development Libraries (IDL). They are included with the
+IRIX 6.5 media and can be downloaded from
+@uref{http://freeware.sgi.com/idf_idl.html} for older IRIX 6 releases.
+
If you are using SGI's MIPSpro @command{cc} as your bootstrap compiler, you must
ensure that the N32 ABI is in use. To test this, compile a simple C
file with @command{cc} and then run @command{file} on the
Look for @file{/usr/lib64/libc.so.1} to see if you
have the 64-bit libraries installed.
-To enable debugging for the O32 ABI, you must use GNU @command{as} from
-GNU binutils 2.15 or later. You may also use GNU @command{ld}, but
-this is not required and currently causes some problems with Ada.
+GCC must be configured with GNU @command{as}. The latest version, from GNU
+binutils 2.20.1, is known to work. On the other hand, bootstrap fails
+with GNU @command{ld} at least since GNU binutils 2.17.
The @option{--enable-libgcj}
option is disabled by default: IRIX 6 uses a very low default limit
@command{ld}. A sure fix is to increase this limit (@samp{ncargs}) to
its maximum of 262144 bytes. If you have root access, you can use the
@command{systune} command to do this.
+@c FIXME: does this work with current libtool?
@code{wchar_t} support in @samp{libstdc++} is not available for old
IRIX 6.5.x releases, @math{x < 19}. The problem cannot be autodetected
and in order to build GCC for such targets you need to configure with
@option{--disable-wchar_t}.
-See @uref{http://freeware.sgi.com/} for more
-information about using GCC on IRIX platforms.
-
@html
<hr />
@end html
@html
<hr />
@end html
+@heading @anchor{rx-x-elf}rx-*-elf
+The Renesas RX processor. See
+@uref{http://eu.renesas.com/fmwk.jsp?cnt=rx600_series_landing.jsp&fp=/products/mpumcu/rx_family/rx600_series}
+for more information about this processor.
+
+@html
+<hr />
+@end html
@heading @anchor{s390-x-linux}s390-*-linux*
S/390 system running GNU/Linux for S/390@.
@c alone is too unspecific and must be avoided.
@heading @anchor{x-x-solaris2}*-*-solaris2*
-Sun does not ship a C compiler with Solaris 2. To bootstrap and install
-GCC you first have to install a pre-built compiler, see the
+Support for Solaris 7 has been obsoleted in GCC 4.5, but can still be
+enabled by configuring with @option{--enable-obsolete}. Support will be
+removed in GCC 4.6.
+
+Sun does not ship a C compiler with Solaris 2, though you can download
+the Sun Studio compilers for free from
+@uref{http://developers.sun.com/sunstudio/downloads/}. Alternatively,
+you can install a pre-built GCC to bootstrap and install GCC. See the
@uref{binaries.html,,binaries page} for details.
The Solaris 2 @command{/bin/sh} will often fail to configure
-@file{libstdc++-v3}, @file{boehm-gc} or @file{libjava}. We therefore
+@samp{libstdc++-v3}, @samp{boehm-gc} or @samp{libjava}. We therefore
recommend using the following initial sequence of commands
@smallexample
% export CONFIG_SHELL
@end smallexample
+@noindent
and proceed as described in @uref{configure.html,,the configure instructions}.
In addition we strongly recommend specifying an absolute path to invoke
-@var{srcdir}/configure.
+@command{@var{srcdir}/configure}.
Solaris 2 comes with a number of optional OS packages. Some of these
are needed to use GCC fully, namely @code{SUNWarc},
have @file{/usr/xpg4/bin} in your @env{PATH}, we recommend that you place
@file{/usr/bin} before @file{/usr/xpg4/bin} for the duration of the build.
-We recommend the use of GNU binutils 2.14 or later, or the vendor tools
-(Sun @command{as}, Sun @command{ld}). Note that your mileage may vary
+We recommend the use of the vendor tools (Sun @command{as}, Sun
+@command{ld}), or eventually GNU @command{as}. The GNU @command{as}
+versions included in Solaris 10, from GNU binutils 2.15, and Solaris 11,
+from GNU binutils 2.19, are known to work. They can be found in
+@file{/usr/sfw/bin/gas}. Current versions of GNU binutils (2.20.1 as of
+2010-04-01) are known work either. Note that your mileage may vary
if you use a combination of the GNU tools and the Sun tools: while the
combination GNU @command{as} + Sun @command{ld} should reasonably work,
the reverse combination Sun @command{as} + GNU @command{ld} is known to
cause memory corruption at runtime in some cases for C++ programs.
-
-The stock GNU binutils 2.15 release is broken on this platform because of a
-single bug. It has been fixed on the 2.15 branch in the CVS repository.
-You can obtain a working version by checking out the binutils-2_15-branch
-from the CVS repository or applying the patch
-@uref{http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils-cvs/2004-09/msg00036.html} to the
-release.
-
-We recommend the use of GNU binutils 2.16 or later in conjunction with GCC
-4.x, or the vendor tools (Sun @command{as}, Sun @command{ld}). However,
-for Solaris 10 and above, an additional patch is required in order for the
-GNU linker to be able to cope with a new flavor of shared libraries. You
-can obtain a working version by checking out the binutils-2_16-branch from
-the CVS repository or applying the patch
-@uref{http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils-cvs/2005-07/msg00122.html} to the
-release.
+@c FIXME: still?
+GNU @command{ld} usually works either, though the version included in
+Solaris 10 cannot be used due to several bugs. Again, the current
+version (2.20.1) is known to work, but generally lacks platform specific
+features, so better stay with Sun @command{ld}.
Sun bug 4296832 turns up when compiling X11 headers with GCC 2.95 or
newer: @command{g++} will complain that types are missing. These headers
assume that omitting the type means @code{int}; this assumption worked for
-C89 but is wrong for C++, and is now wrong for C99 also.
+C90 but is wrong for C++, and is now wrong for C99 also.
@command{g++} accepts such (invalid) constructs with the option
@option{-fpermissive}; it will assume that any missing type is @code{int}
-(as defined by C89).
+(as defined by C90).
There are patches for Solaris 7 (108376-21 or newer for SPARC,
108377-20 for Intel), and Solaris 8 (108652-24 or newer for SPARC,
@end html
@heading @anchor{sparc-sun-solaris2}sparc-sun-solaris2*
-When GCC is configured to use binutils 2.14 or later the binaries
+When GCC is configured to use GNU binutils 2.14 or later, the binaries
produced are smaller than the ones produced using Sun's native tools;
this difference is quite significant for binaries containing debugging
information.
failure in form of a miscompilation of the stage1 compiler by the Sun
compiler. This is Sun bug 4974440. This is fixed with patch 112760-07.
-GCC 3.4 changed the default debugging format from STABS to DWARF-2 for
+GCC 3.4 changed the default debugging format from Stabs to DWARF-2 for
32-bit code on Solaris 7 and later. If you use the Sun assembler, this
change apparently runs afoul of Sun bug 4910101 (which is referenced as
an x86-only problem by Sun, probably because they do not use DWARF-2).
.debug_info cannot be processed at runtime: relocation ignored.
@end smallexample
+@noindent
To work around this problem, compile with @option{-gstabs+} instead of
plain @option{-g}.
When configuring the GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) or the MPFR
library on a Solaris 7 or later system, the canonical target triplet
must be specified as the @command{build} parameter on the configure
-line. This triplet can be obtained by invoking ./config.guess in
+line. This triplet can be obtained by invoking @command{./config.guess} in
the toplevel source directory of GCC (and not that of GMP or MPFR).
For example on a Solaris 7 system:
@end html
@heading @anchor{sparc-sun-solaris27}sparc-sun-solaris2.7
+@emph{Note} that this configuration has been obsoleted in GCC 4.5, and will be
+removed in GCC 4.6.
+
Sun patch 107058-01 (1999-01-13) for Solaris 7/SPARC triggers a bug in
the dynamic linker. This problem (Sun bug 4210064) affects GCC 2.8
and later, including all EGCS releases. Sun formerly recommended
GCC 3.3 triggers a bug in version 5.0 Alpha 03/27/98 of the Sun assembler,
which causes a bootstrap failure when linking the 64-bit shared version of
-libgcc. A typical error message is:
+@samp{libgcc}. A typical error message is:
@smallexample
ld: fatal: relocation error: R_SPARC_32: file libgcc/sparcv9/_muldi3.o:
symbol <unknown>: offset 0xffffffff7ec133e7 is non-aligned.
@end smallexample
+@noindent
This bug has been fixed in the final 5.0 version of the assembler.
A similar problem was reported for version Sun WorkShop 6 99/08/18 of the
symbol <unknown>: offset 0xfccd33ad is non-aligned
@end smallexample
+@noindent
This bug has been fixed in more recent revisions of the assembler.
@html
<hr />
@end html
+@heading @anchor{sparc-sun-solaris210}sparc-sun-solaris2.10
+
+There is a bug in older versions of the Sun assembler which breaks
+thread-local storage (TLS). A typical error message is
+
+@smallexample
+ld: fatal: relocation error: R_SPARC_TLS_LE_HIX22: file /var/tmp//ccamPA1v.o:
+ symbol <unknown>: bad symbol type SECT: symbol type must be TLS
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+This bug is fixed in Sun patch 118683-03 or later.
+
+@html
+<hr />
+@end html
@heading @anchor{sparc-x-linux}sparc-*-linux*
GCC versions 3.0 and higher require binutils 2.11.2 and glibc 2.2.4
% CC="cc -xarch=v9 -xildoff" @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}]
@end smallexample
+@noindent
@option{-xarch=v9} specifies the SPARC-V9 architecture to the Sun toolchain
and @option{-xildoff} turns off the incremental linker.
@end html
@heading @anchor{sparcv9-x-solaris2}sparcv9-*-solaris2*
-This is a synonym for sparc64-*-solaris2*.
+This is a synonym for @samp{sparc64-*-solaris2*}.
@html
<hr />
GCC will build under Cygwin without modification; it does not build
with Microsoft's C++ compiler and there are no plans to make it do so.
-Cygwin can be compiled with i?86-pc-cygwin.
+The Cygwin native compiler can be configured to target any 32-bit x86
+cpu architecture desired; the default is i686-pc-cygwin. It should be
+used with as up-to-date a version of binutils as possible; use either
+the latest official GNU binutils release in the Cygwin distribution,
+or version 2.20 or above if building your own.
@html
<hr />
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