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8 <meta name="AUTHOR" content="pme@gcc.gnu.org (Phil Edwards)" />
9 <meta name="KEYWORDS" content="libstdc++, libstdc++-v3, GCC, g++" />
10 <meta name="DESCRIPTION" content="Explanatory notes about libstdc++-v3." />
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12 <title>Explanatory notes about libstdc++-v3 design</title>
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17 <h1 class="centered"><a name="top">Explanatory notes about libstdc++-v3
20 <p>The latest version of this document is always available at
21 <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/explanations.html">
22 http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/explanations.html</a>.
25 <p>To the <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">libstdc++-v3 homepage</a>.
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31 <h3><a name="cstdio">"I/O packages", <code>--enable-cstdio</code></a></h3>
32 <p>In addition to all the nifty things which C++ can do for I/O, its library
33 also includes all of the I/O capabilites of C. Making them work together
34 can be a challenge, not only
35 <a href="27_io/howto.html#8">for the programmer</a> but for the
38 <p>There are two ways to do a C++ library: the cool way, and the easy way.
39 More specifically, the cool-but-easy-to-get-wrong way, and the
40 easy-to-guarantee-correct-behavior way. For 3.0, the easy way is used.
42 <p>Choosing 'stdio' is the easy way. It builds a C++ library which forwards
43 all operations to the C library. Many of the C++ I/O functions are
44 specified in the standard 'as if' they called a certain C function; the
45 easiest way to get it correct is to actually call that function. The
46 disadvantage is that the C++ code will run slower (fortunately, the layer
49 <p>Choosing 'libio' is the cool way; it allows C++ and C to share some
50 buffers. It's disabled because of tricky synchronization issues. Other
51 cool ways (various methods of sharing resources between C and C++
52 facilities, instead of layering) are possible. This approach can speed
55 <p>Other packages are possible. For a new package, a header must be
56 written to provide types like streamsize (usually just a typedef), as
57 well as some internal types like<code> __c_file_type </code> and
58 <code> __c_lock </code> (for the stdio case, these are FILE (as in
59 "FILE*") and a simple POSIX mutex, respectively). An
60 interface class called <code> __basic_file </code> must also be filled in;
61 as an example, for the stdio case, these member functions are all
62 inline calles to fread, fwrite, etc.
64 <p>Return <a href="#top">to the top of the page</a> or
65 <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">to the homepage</a>.
70 <h3><a name="alloc">Internal Allocators</a></h3>
73 <p>Return <a href="#top">to the top of the page</a> or
74 <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">to the homepage</a>.
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82 See <a href="17_intro/license.html">license.html</a> for copying conditions.
83 Comments and suggestions are welcome, and may be sent to
84 <a href="mailto:libstdc++@gcc.gnu.org">the libstdc++ mailing list</a>.