[pf3gnuchains/gcc-fork.git] / gcc / expmed.c

/* Medium-level subroutines: convert bit-field store and extract
   and shifts, multiplies and divides to rtl instructions.
   Copyright (C) 1987, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
   1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
   Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This file is part of GCC.

GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later
version.

GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */


#include "config.h"
#include "system.h"
#include "coretypes.h"
#include "tm.h"
#include "toplev.h"
#include "rtl.h"
#include "tree.h"
#include "tm_p.h"
#include "flags.h"
#include "insn-config.h"
#include "expr.h"
#include "optabs.h"
#include "real.h"
#include "recog.h"
#include "langhooks.h"
#include "df.h"
#include "target.h"

static void store_fixed_bit_field (rtx, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT,
                                   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT,
                                   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT, rtx);
static void store_split_bit_field (rtx, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT,
                                   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT, rtx);
static rtx extract_fixed_bit_field (enum machine_mode, rtx,
                                    unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT,
                                    unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT,
                                    unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT, rtx, int);
static rtx mask_rtx (enum machine_mode, int, int, int);
static rtx lshift_value (enum machine_mode, rtx, int, int);
static rtx extract_split_bit_field (rtx, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT,
                                    unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT, int);
static void do_cmp_and_jump (rtx, rtx, enum rtx_code, enum machine_mode, rtx);
static rtx expand_smod_pow2 (enum machine_mode, rtx, HOST_WIDE_INT);
static rtx expand_sdiv_pow2 (enum machine_mode, rtx, HOST_WIDE_INT);

/* Test whether a value is zero of a power of two.  */
#define EXACT_POWER_OF_2_OR_ZERO_P(x) (((x) & ((x) - 1)) == 0)

/* Nonzero means divides or modulus operations are relatively cheap for
   powers of two, so don't use branches; emit the operation instead.
   Usually, this will mean that the MD file will emit non-branch
   sequences.  */

static bool sdiv_pow2_cheap[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES];
static bool smod_pow2_cheap[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES];

#ifndef SLOW_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
#define SLOW_UNALIGNED_ACCESS(MODE, ALIGN) STRICT_ALIGNMENT
#endif

/* For compilers that support multiple targets with different word sizes,
   MAX_BITS_PER_WORD contains the biggest value of BITS_PER_WORD.  An example
   is the H8/300(H) compiler.  */

#ifndef MAX_BITS_PER_WORD
#define MAX_BITS_PER_WORD BITS_PER_WORD
#endif

/* Reduce conditional compilation elsewhere.  */
#ifndef HAVE_insv
#define HAVE_insv       0
#define CODE_FOR_insv   CODE_FOR_nothing
#define gen_insv(a,b,c,d) NULL_RTX
#endif
#ifndef HAVE_extv
#define HAVE_extv       0
#define CODE_FOR_extv   CODE_FOR_nothing
#define gen_extv(a,b,c,d) NULL_RTX
#endif
#ifndef HAVE_extzv
#define HAVE_extzv      0
#define CODE_FOR_extzv  CODE_FOR_nothing
#define gen_extzv(a,b,c,d) NULL_RTX
#endif

/* Cost of various pieces of RTL.  Note that some of these are indexed by
   shift count and some by mode.  */
static int zero_cost[2];
static int add_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES];
static int neg_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES];
static int shift_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES][MAX_BITS_PER_WORD];
static int shiftadd_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES][MAX_BITS_PER_WORD];
static int shiftsub0_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES][MAX_BITS_PER_WORD];
static int shiftsub1_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES][MAX_BITS_PER_WORD];
static int mul_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES];
static int sdiv_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES];
static int udiv_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES];
static int mul_widen_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES];
static int mul_highpart_cost[2][NUM_MACHINE_MODES];

void
init_expmed (void)
{
  struct
  {
    struct rtx_def reg;         rtunion reg_fld[2];
    struct rtx_def plus;        rtunion plus_fld1;
    struct rtx_def neg;
    struct rtx_def mult;        rtunion mult_fld1;
    struct rtx_def sdiv;        rtunion sdiv_fld1;
    struct rtx_def udiv;        rtunion udiv_fld1;
    struct rtx_def zext;
    struct rtx_def sdiv_32;     rtunion sdiv_32_fld1;
    struct rtx_def smod_32;     rtunion smod_32_fld1;
    struct rtx_def wide_mult;   rtunion wide_mult_fld1;
    struct rtx_def wide_lshr;   rtunion wide_lshr_fld1;
    struct rtx_def wide_trunc;
    struct rtx_def shift;       rtunion shift_fld1;
    struct rtx_def shift_mult;  rtunion shift_mult_fld1;
    struct rtx_def shift_add;   rtunion shift_add_fld1;
    struct rtx_def shift_sub0;  rtunion shift_sub0_fld1;
    struct rtx_def shift_sub1;  rtunion shift_sub1_fld1;
  } all;

  rtx pow2[MAX_BITS_PER_WORD];
  rtx cint[MAX_BITS_PER_WORD];
  int m, n;
  enum machine_mode mode, wider_mode;
  int speed;


  for (m = 1; m < MAX_BITS_PER_WORD; m++)
    {
      pow2[m] = GEN_INT ((HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << m);
      cint[m] = GEN_INT (m);
    }
  memset (&all, 0, sizeof all);

  PUT_CODE (&all.reg, REG);
  /* Avoid using hard regs in ways which may be unsupported.  */
  SET_REGNO (&all.reg, LAST_VIRTUAL_REGISTER + 1);

  PUT_CODE (&all.plus, PLUS);
  XEXP (&all.plus, 0) = &all.reg;
  XEXP (&all.plus, 1) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.neg, NEG);
  XEXP (&all.neg, 0) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.mult, MULT);
  XEXP (&all.mult, 0) = &all.reg;
  XEXP (&all.mult, 1) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.sdiv, DIV);
  XEXP (&all.sdiv, 0) = &all.reg;
  XEXP (&all.sdiv, 1) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.udiv, UDIV);
  XEXP (&all.udiv, 0) = &all.reg;
  XEXP (&all.udiv, 1) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.sdiv_32, DIV);
  XEXP (&all.sdiv_32, 0) = &all.reg;
  XEXP (&all.sdiv_32, 1) = 32 < MAX_BITS_PER_WORD ? cint[32] : GEN_INT (32);

  PUT_CODE (&all.smod_32, MOD);
  XEXP (&all.smod_32, 0) = &all.reg;
  XEXP (&all.smod_32, 1) = XEXP (&all.sdiv_32, 1);

  PUT_CODE (&all.zext, ZERO_EXTEND);
  XEXP (&all.zext, 0) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.wide_mult, MULT);
  XEXP (&all.wide_mult, 0) = &all.zext;
  XEXP (&all.wide_mult, 1) = &all.zext;

  PUT_CODE (&all.wide_lshr, LSHIFTRT);
  XEXP (&all.wide_lshr, 0) = &all.wide_mult;

  PUT_CODE (&all.wide_trunc, TRUNCATE);
  XEXP (&all.wide_trunc, 0) = &all.wide_lshr;

  PUT_CODE (&all.shift, ASHIFT);
  XEXP (&all.shift, 0) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.shift_mult, MULT);
  XEXP (&all.shift_mult, 0) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.shift_add, PLUS);
  XEXP (&all.shift_add, 0) = &all.shift_mult;
  XEXP (&all.shift_add, 1) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.shift_sub0, MINUS);
  XEXP (&all.shift_sub0, 0) = &all.shift_mult;
  XEXP (&all.shift_sub0, 1) = &all.reg;

  PUT_CODE (&all.shift_sub1, MINUS);
  XEXP (&all.shift_sub1, 0) = &all.reg;
  XEXP (&all.shift_sub1, 1) = &all.shift_mult;

  for (speed = 0; speed < 2; speed++)
    {
      crtl->maybe_hot_insn_p = speed;
      zero_cost[speed] = rtx_cost (const0_rtx, SET, speed);

      for (mode = GET_CLASS_NARROWEST_MODE (MODE_INT);
           mode != VOIDmode;
           mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (mode))
        {
          PUT_MODE (&all.reg, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.plus, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.neg, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.mult, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.sdiv, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.udiv, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.sdiv_32, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.smod_32, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.wide_trunc, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.shift, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.shift_mult, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.shift_add, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.shift_sub0, mode);
          PUT_MODE (&all.shift_sub1, mode);

          add_cost[speed][mode] = rtx_cost (&all.plus, SET, speed);
          neg_cost[speed][mode] = rtx_cost (&all.neg, SET, speed);
          mul_cost[speed][mode] = rtx_cost (&all.mult, SET, speed);
          sdiv_cost[speed][mode] = rtx_cost (&all.sdiv, SET, speed);
          udiv_cost[speed][mode] = rtx_cost (&all.udiv, SET, speed);

          sdiv_pow2_cheap[speed][mode] = (rtx_cost (&all.sdiv_32, SET, speed)
                                          <= 2 * add_cost[speed][mode]);
          smod_pow2_cheap[speed][mode] = (rtx_cost (&all.smod_32, SET, speed)
                                          <= 4 * add_cost[speed][mode]);

          wider_mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (mode);
          if (wider_mode != VOIDmode)
            {
              PUT_MODE (&all.zext, wider_mode);
              PUT_MODE (&all.wide_mult, wider_mode);
              PUT_MODE (&all.wide_lshr, wider_mode);
              XEXP (&all.wide_lshr, 1) = GEN_INT (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode));

              mul_widen_cost[speed][wider_mode]
                = rtx_cost (&all.wide_mult, SET, speed);
              mul_highpart_cost[speed][mode]
                = rtx_cost (&all.wide_trunc, SET, speed);
            }

          shift_cost[speed][mode][0] = 0;
          shiftadd_cost[speed][mode][0] = shiftsub0_cost[speed][mode][0]
            = shiftsub1_cost[speed][mode][0] = add_cost[speed][mode];

          n = MIN (MAX_BITS_PER_WORD, GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode));
          for (m = 1; m < n; m++)
            {
              XEXP (&all.shift, 1) = cint[m];
              XEXP (&all.shift_mult, 1) = pow2[m];

              shift_cost[speed][mode][m] = rtx_cost (&all.shift, SET, speed);
              shiftadd_cost[speed][mode][m] = rtx_cost (&all.shift_add, SET, speed);
              shiftsub0_cost[speed][mode][m] = rtx_cost (&all.shift_sub0, SET, speed);
              shiftsub1_cost[speed][mode][m] = rtx_cost (&all.shift_sub1, SET, speed);
            }
        }
    }
  default_rtl_profile ();
}

/* Return an rtx representing minus the value of X.
   MODE is the intended mode of the result,
   useful if X is a CONST_INT.  */

rtx
negate_rtx (enum machine_mode mode, rtx x)
{
  rtx result = simplify_unary_operation (NEG, mode, x, mode);

  if (result == 0)
    result = expand_unop (mode, neg_optab, x, NULL_RTX, 0);

  return result;
}

/* Report on the availability of insv/extv/extzv and the desired mode
   of each of their operands.  Returns MAX_MACHINE_MODE if HAVE_foo
   is false; else the mode of the specified operand.  If OPNO is -1,
   all the caller cares about is whether the insn is available.  */
enum machine_mode
mode_for_extraction (enum extraction_pattern pattern, int opno)
{
  const struct insn_data *data;

  switch (pattern)
    {
    case EP_insv:
      if (HAVE_insv)
        {
          data = &insn_data[CODE_FOR_insv];
          break;
        }
      return MAX_MACHINE_MODE;

    case EP_extv:
      if (HAVE_extv)
        {
          data = &insn_data[CODE_FOR_extv];
          break;
        }
      return MAX_MACHINE_MODE;

    case EP_extzv:
      if (HAVE_extzv)
        {
          data = &insn_data[CODE_FOR_extzv];
          break;
        }
      return MAX_MACHINE_MODE;

    default:
      gcc_unreachable ();
    }

  if (opno == -1)
    return VOIDmode;

  /* Everyone who uses this function used to follow it with
     if (result == VOIDmode) result = word_mode; */
  if (data->operand[opno].mode == VOIDmode)
    return word_mode;
  return data->operand[opno].mode;
}

/* Return true if X, of mode MODE, matches the predicate for operand
   OPNO of instruction ICODE.  Allow volatile memories, regardless of
   the ambient volatile_ok setting.  */

static bool
check_predicate_volatile_ok (enum insn_code icode, int opno,
                             rtx x, enum machine_mode mode)
{
  bool save_volatile_ok, result;

  save_volatile_ok = volatile_ok;
  result = insn_data[(int) icode].operand[opno].predicate (x, mode);
  volatile_ok = save_volatile_ok;
  return result;
}
\f
/* A subroutine of store_bit_field, with the same arguments.  Return true
   if the operation could be implemented.

   If FALLBACK_P is true, fall back to store_fixed_bit_field if we have
   no other way of implementing the operation.  If FALLBACK_P is false,
   return false instead.  */

static bool
store_bit_field_1 (rtx str_rtx, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitsize,
                   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitnum, enum machine_mode fieldmode,
                   rtx value, bool fallback_p)
{
  unsigned int unit
    = (MEM_P (str_rtx)) ? BITS_PER_UNIT : BITS_PER_WORD;
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT offset, bitpos;
  rtx op0 = str_rtx;
  int byte_offset;
  rtx orig_value;

  enum machine_mode op_mode = mode_for_extraction (EP_insv, 3);

  while (GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
    {
      /* The following line once was done only if WORDS_BIG_ENDIAN,
         but I think that is a mistake.  WORDS_BIG_ENDIAN is
         meaningful at a much higher level; when structures are copied
         between memory and regs, the higher-numbered regs
         always get higher addresses.  */
      int inner_mode_size = GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (SUBREG_REG (op0)));
      int outer_mode_size = GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (op0));

      byte_offset = 0;

      /* Paradoxical subregs need special handling on big endian machines.  */
      if (SUBREG_BYTE (op0) == 0 && inner_mode_size < outer_mode_size)
        {
          int difference = inner_mode_size - outer_mode_size;

          if (WORDS_BIG_ENDIAN)
            byte_offset += (difference / UNITS_PER_WORD) * UNITS_PER_WORD;
          if (BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN)
            byte_offset += difference % UNITS_PER_WORD;
        }
      else
        byte_offset = SUBREG_BYTE (op0);

      bitnum += byte_offset * BITS_PER_UNIT;
      op0 = SUBREG_REG (op0);
    }

  /* No action is needed if the target is a register and if the field
     lies completely outside that register.  This can occur if the source
     code contains an out-of-bounds access to a small array.  */
  if (REG_P (op0) && bitnum >= GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (op0)))
    return true;

  /* Use vec_set patterns for inserting parts of vectors whenever
     available.  */
  if (VECTOR_MODE_P (GET_MODE (op0))
      && !MEM_P (op0)
      && (optab_handler (vec_set_optab, GET_MODE (op0))->insn_code
          != CODE_FOR_nothing)
      && fieldmode == GET_MODE_INNER (GET_MODE (op0))
      && bitsize == GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE_INNER (GET_MODE (op0)))
      && !(bitnum % GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE_INNER (GET_MODE (op0)))))
    {
      enum machine_mode outermode = GET_MODE (op0);
      enum machine_mode innermode = GET_MODE_INNER (outermode);
      int icode = (int) optab_handler (vec_set_optab, outermode)->insn_code;
      int pos = bitnum / GET_MODE_BITSIZE (innermode);
      rtx rtxpos = GEN_INT (pos);
      rtx src = value;
      rtx dest = op0;
      rtx pat, seq;
      enum machine_mode mode0 = insn_data[icode].operand[0].mode;
      enum machine_mode mode1 = insn_data[icode].operand[1].mode;
      enum machine_mode mode2 = insn_data[icode].operand[2].mode;

      start_sequence ();

      if (! (*insn_data[icode].operand[1].predicate) (src, mode1))
        src = copy_to_mode_reg (mode1, src);

      if (! (*insn_data[icode].operand[2].predicate) (rtxpos, mode2))
        rtxpos = copy_to_mode_reg (mode1, rtxpos);

      /* We could handle this, but we should always be called with a pseudo
         for our targets and all insns should take them as outputs.  */
      gcc_assert ((*insn_data[icode].operand[0].predicate) (dest, mode0)
                  && (*insn_data[icode].operand[1].predicate) (src, mode1)
                  && (*insn_data[icode].operand[2].predicate) (rtxpos, mode2));
      pat = GEN_FCN (icode) (dest, src, rtxpos);
      seq = get_insns ();
      end_sequence ();
      if (pat)
        {
          emit_insn (seq);
          emit_insn (pat);
          return true;
        }
    }

  /* If the target is a register, overwriting the entire object, or storing
     a full-word or multi-word field can be done with just a SUBREG.

     If the target is memory, storing any naturally aligned field can be
     done with a simple store.  For targets that support fast unaligned
     memory, any naturally sized, unit aligned field can be done directly.  */

  offset = bitnum / unit;
  bitpos = bitnum % unit;
  byte_offset = (bitnum % BITS_PER_WORD) / BITS_PER_UNIT
                + (offset * UNITS_PER_WORD);

  if (bitpos == 0
      && bitsize == GET_MODE_BITSIZE (fieldmode)
      && (!MEM_P (op0)
          ? ((GET_MODE_SIZE (fieldmode) >= UNITS_PER_WORD
             || GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (op0)) == GET_MODE_SIZE (fieldmode))
             && byte_offset % GET_MODE_SIZE (fieldmode) == 0)
          : (! SLOW_UNALIGNED_ACCESS (fieldmode, MEM_ALIGN (op0))
             || (offset * BITS_PER_UNIT % bitsize == 0
                 && MEM_ALIGN (op0) % GET_MODE_BITSIZE (fieldmode) == 0))))
    {
      if (MEM_P (op0))
        op0 = adjust_address (op0, fieldmode, offset);
      else if (GET_MODE (op0) != fieldmode)
        op0 = simplify_gen_subreg (fieldmode, op0, GET_MODE (op0),
                                   byte_offset);
      emit_move_insn (op0, value);
      return true;
    }

  /* Make sure we are playing with integral modes.  Pun with subregs
     if we aren't.  This must come after the entire register case above,
     since that case is valid for any mode.  The following cases are only
     valid for integral modes.  */
  {
    enum machine_mode imode = int_mode_for_mode (GET_MODE (op0));
    if (imode != GET_MODE (op0))
      {
        if (MEM_P (op0))
          op0 = adjust_address (op0, imode, 0);
        else
          {
            gcc_assert (imode != BLKmode);
            op0 = gen_lowpart (imode, op0);
          }
      }
  }

  /* We may be accessing data outside the field, which means
     we can alias adjacent data.  */
  if (MEM_P (op0))
    {
      op0 = shallow_copy_rtx (op0);
      set_mem_alias_set (op0, 0);
      set_mem_expr (op0, 0);
    }

  /* If OP0 is a register, BITPOS must count within a word.
     But as we have it, it counts within whatever size OP0 now has.
     On a bigendian machine, these are not the same, so convert.  */
  if (BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN
      && !MEM_P (op0)
      && unit > GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (op0)))
    bitpos += unit - GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (op0));

  /* Storing an lsb-aligned field in a register
     can be done with a movestrict instruction.  */

  if (!MEM_P (op0)
      && (BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN ? bitpos + bitsize == unit : bitpos == 0)
      && bitsize == GET_MODE_BITSIZE (fieldmode)
      && (optab_handler (movstrict_optab, fieldmode)->insn_code
          != CODE_FOR_nothing))
    {
      int icode = optab_handler (movstrict_optab, fieldmode)->insn_code;
      rtx insn;
      rtx start = get_last_insn ();
      rtx arg0 = op0;

      /* Get appropriate low part of the value being stored.  */
      if (CONST_INT_P (value) || REG_P (value))
        value = gen_lowpart (fieldmode, value);
      else if (!(GET_CODE (value) == SYMBOL_REF
                 || GET_CODE (value) == LABEL_REF
                 || GET_CODE (value) == CONST))
        value = convert_to_mode (fieldmode, value, 0);

      if (! (*insn_data[icode].operand[1].predicate) (value, fieldmode))
        value = copy_to_mode_reg (fieldmode, value);

      if (GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
        {
          /* Else we've got some float mode source being extracted into
             a different float mode destination -- this combination of
             subregs results in Severe Tire Damage.  */
          gcc_assert (GET_MODE (SUBREG_REG (op0)) == fieldmode
                      || GET_MODE_CLASS (fieldmode) == MODE_INT
                      || GET_MODE_CLASS (fieldmode) == MODE_PARTIAL_INT);
          arg0 = SUBREG_REG (op0);
        }

      insn = (GEN_FCN (icode)
                 (gen_rtx_SUBREG (fieldmode, arg0,
                                  (bitnum % BITS_PER_WORD) / BITS_PER_UNIT
                                  + (offset * UNITS_PER_WORD)),
                                  value));
      if (insn)
        {
          emit_insn (insn);
          return true;
        }
      delete_insns_since (start);
    }

  /* Handle fields bigger than a word.  */

  if (bitsize > BITS_PER_WORD)
    {
      /* Here we transfer the words of the field
         in the order least significant first.
         This is because the most significant word is the one which may
         be less than full.
         However, only do that if the value is not BLKmode.  */

      unsigned int backwards = WORDS_BIG_ENDIAN && fieldmode != BLKmode;
      unsigned int nwords = (bitsize + (BITS_PER_WORD - 1)) / BITS_PER_WORD;
      unsigned int i;
      rtx last;

      /* This is the mode we must force value to, so that there will be enough
         subwords to extract.  Note that fieldmode will often (always?) be
         VOIDmode, because that is what store_field uses to indicate that this
         is a bit field, but passing VOIDmode to operand_subword_force
         is not allowed.  */
      fieldmode = GET_MODE (value);
      if (fieldmode == VOIDmode)
        fieldmode = smallest_mode_for_size (nwords * BITS_PER_WORD, MODE_INT);

      last = get_last_insn ();
      for (i = 0; i < nwords; i++)
        {
          /* If I is 0, use the low-order word in both field and target;
             if I is 1, use the next to lowest word; and so on.  */
          unsigned int wordnum = (backwards ? nwords - i - 1 : i);
          unsigned int bit_offset = (backwards
                                     ? MAX ((int) bitsize - ((int) i + 1)
                                            * BITS_PER_WORD,
                                            0)
                                     : (int) i * BITS_PER_WORD);
          rtx value_word = operand_subword_force (value, wordnum, fieldmode);

          if (!store_bit_field_1 (op0, MIN (BITS_PER_WORD,
                                            bitsize - i * BITS_PER_WORD),
                                  bitnum + bit_offset, word_mode,
                                  value_word, fallback_p))
            {
              delete_insns_since (last);
              return false;
            }
        }
      return true;
    }

  /* From here on we can assume that the field to be stored in is
     a full-word (whatever type that is), since it is shorter than a word.  */

  /* OFFSET is the number of words or bytes (UNIT says which)
     from STR_RTX to the first word or byte containing part of the field.  */

  if (!MEM_P (op0))
    {
      if (offset != 0
          || GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (op0)) > UNITS_PER_WORD)
        {
          if (!REG_P (op0))
            {
              /* Since this is a destination (lvalue), we can't copy
                 it to a pseudo.  We can remove a SUBREG that does not
                 change the size of the operand.  Such a SUBREG may
                 have been added above.  */
              gcc_assert (GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG
                          && (GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (op0))
                              == GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (SUBREG_REG (op0)))));
              op0 = SUBREG_REG (op0);
            }
          op0 = gen_rtx_SUBREG (mode_for_size (BITS_PER_WORD, MODE_INT, 0),
                                op0, (offset * UNITS_PER_WORD));
        }
      offset = 0;
    }

  /* If VALUE has a floating-point or complex mode, access it as an
     integer of the corresponding size.  This can occur on a machine
     with 64 bit registers that uses SFmode for float.  It can also
     occur for unaligned float or complex fields.  */
  orig_value = value;
  if (GET_MODE (value) != VOIDmode
      && GET_MODE_CLASS (GET_MODE (value)) != MODE_INT
      && GET_MODE_CLASS (GET_MODE (value)) != MODE_PARTIAL_INT)
    {
      value = gen_reg_rtx (int_mode_for_mode (GET_MODE (value)));
      emit_move_insn (gen_lowpart (GET_MODE (orig_value), value), orig_value);
    }

  /* Now OFFSET is nonzero only if OP0 is memory
     and is therefore always measured in bytes.  */

  if (HAVE_insv
      && GET_MODE (value) != BLKmode
      && bitsize > 0
      && GET_MODE_BITSIZE (op_mode) >= bitsize
      && ! ((REG_P (op0) || GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
            && (bitsize + bitpos > GET_MODE_BITSIZE (op_mode)))
      && insn_data[CODE_FOR_insv].operand[1].predicate (GEN_INT (bitsize),
                                                        VOIDmode)
      && check_predicate_volatile_ok (CODE_FOR_insv, 0, op0, VOIDmode))
    {
      int xbitpos = bitpos;
      rtx value1;
      rtx xop0 = op0;
      rtx last = get_last_insn ();
      rtx pat;
      bool copy_back = false;

      /* Add OFFSET into OP0's address.  */
      if (MEM_P (xop0))
        xop0 = adjust_address (xop0, byte_mode, offset);

      /* If xop0 is a register, we need it in OP_MODE
         to make it acceptable to the format of insv.  */
      if (GET_CODE (xop0) == SUBREG)
        /* We can't just change the mode, because this might clobber op0,
           and we will need the original value of op0 if insv fails.  */
        xop0 = gen_rtx_SUBREG (op_mode, SUBREG_REG (xop0), SUBREG_BYTE (xop0));
      if (REG_P (xop0) && GET_MODE (xop0) != op_mode)
        xop0 = gen_lowpart_SUBREG (op_mode, xop0);

      /* If the destination is a paradoxical subreg such that we need a
         truncate to the inner mode, perform the insertion on a temporary and
         truncate the result to the original destination.  Note that we can't
         just truncate the paradoxical subreg as (truncate:N (subreg:W (reg:N
         X) 0)) is (reg:N X).  */
      if (GET_CODE (xop0) == SUBREG
          && REG_P (SUBREG_REG (xop0))
          && (!TRULY_NOOP_TRUNCATION
              (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (SUBREG_REG (xop0))),
               GET_MODE_BITSIZE (op_mode))))
        {
          rtx tem = gen_reg_rtx (op_mode);
          emit_move_insn (tem, xop0);
          xop0 = tem;
          copy_back = true;
        }

      /* On big-endian machines, we count bits from the most significant.
         If the bit field insn does not, we must invert.  */

      if (BITS_BIG_ENDIAN != BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN)
        xbitpos = unit - bitsize - xbitpos;

      /* We have been counting XBITPOS within UNIT.
         Count instead within the size of the register.  */
      if (BITS_BIG_ENDIAN && !MEM_P (xop0))
        xbitpos += GET_MODE_BITSIZE (op_mode) - unit;

      unit = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (op_mode);

      /* Convert VALUE to op_mode (which insv insn wants) in VALUE1.  */
      value1 = value;
      if (GET_MODE (value) != op_mode)
        {
          if (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (value)) >= bitsize)
            {
              /* Optimization: Don't bother really extending VALUE
                 if it has all the bits we will actually use.  However,
                 if we must narrow it, be sure we do it correctly.  */

              if (GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (value)) < GET_MODE_SIZE (op_mode))
                {
                  rtx tmp;

                  tmp = simplify_subreg (op_mode, value1, GET_MODE (value), 0);
                  if (! tmp)
                    tmp = simplify_gen_subreg (op_mode,
                                               force_reg (GET_MODE (value),
                                                          value1),
                                               GET_MODE (value), 0);
                  value1 = tmp;
                }
              else
                value1 = gen_lowpart (op_mode, value1);
            }
          else if (CONST_INT_P (value))
            value1 = gen_int_mode (INTVAL (value), op_mode);
          else
            /* Parse phase is supposed to make VALUE's data type
               match that of the component reference, which is a type
               at least as wide as the field; so VALUE should have
               a mode that corresponds to that type.  */
            gcc_assert (CONSTANT_P (value));
        }

      /* If this machine's insv insists on a register,
         get VALUE1 into a register.  */
      if (! ((*insn_data[(int) CODE_FOR_insv].operand[3].predicate)
             (value1, op_mode)))
        value1 = force_reg (op_mode, value1);

      pat = gen_insv (xop0, GEN_INT (bitsize), GEN_INT (xbitpos), value1);
      if (pat)
        {
          emit_insn (pat);

          if (copy_back)
            convert_move (op0, xop0, true);
          return true;
        }
      delete_insns_since (last);
    }

  /* If OP0 is a memory, try copying it to a register and seeing if a
     cheap register alternative is available.  */
  if (HAVE_insv && MEM_P (op0))
    {
      enum machine_mode bestmode;

      /* Get the mode to use for inserting into this field.  If OP0 is
         BLKmode, get the smallest mode consistent with the alignment. If
         OP0 is a non-BLKmode object that is no wider than OP_MODE, use its
         mode. Otherwise, use the smallest mode containing the field.  */

      if (GET_MODE (op0) == BLKmode
          || (op_mode != MAX_MACHINE_MODE
              && GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (op0)) > GET_MODE_SIZE (op_mode)))
        bestmode = get_best_mode (bitsize, bitnum, MEM_ALIGN (op0),
                                  (op_mode == MAX_MACHINE_MODE
                                   ? VOIDmode : op_mode),
                                  MEM_VOLATILE_P (op0));
      else
        bestmode = GET_MODE (op0);

      if (bestmode != VOIDmode
          && GET_MODE_SIZE (bestmode) >= GET_MODE_SIZE (fieldmode)
          && !(SLOW_UNALIGNED_ACCESS (bestmode, MEM_ALIGN (op0))
               && GET_MODE_BITSIZE (bestmode) > MEM_ALIGN (op0)))
        {
          rtx last, tempreg, xop0;
          unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT xoffset, xbitpos;

          last = get_last_insn ();

          /* Adjust address to point to the containing unit of
             that mode.  Compute the offset as a multiple of this unit,
             counting in bytes.  */
          unit = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (bestmode);
          xoffset = (bitnum / unit) * GET_MODE_SIZE (bestmode);
          xbitpos = bitnum % unit;
          xop0 = adjust_address (op0, bestmode, xoffset);

          /* Fetch that unit, store the bitfield in it, then store
             the unit.  */
          tempreg = copy_to_reg (xop0);
          if (store_bit_field_1 (tempreg, bitsize, xbitpos,
                                 fieldmode, orig_value, false))
            {
              emit_move_insn (xop0, tempreg);
              return true;
            }
          delete_insns_since (last);
        }
    }

  if (!fallback_p)
    return false;

  store_fixed_bit_field (op0, offset, bitsize, bitpos, value);
  return true;
}

/* Generate code to store value from rtx VALUE
   into a bit-field within structure STR_RTX
   containing BITSIZE bits starting at bit BITNUM.
   FIELDMODE is the machine-mode of the FIELD_DECL node for this field.  */

void
store_bit_field (rtx str_rtx, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitsize,
                 unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitnum, enum machine_mode fieldmode,
                 rtx value)
{
  if (!store_bit_field_1 (str_rtx, bitsize, bitnum, fieldmode, value, true))
    gcc_unreachable ();
}
\f
/* Use shifts and boolean operations to store VALUE
   into a bit field of width BITSIZE
   in a memory location specified by OP0 except offset by OFFSET bytes.
     (OFFSET must be 0 if OP0 is a register.)
   The field starts at position BITPOS within the byte.
    (If OP0 is a register, it may be a full word or a narrower mode,
     but BITPOS still counts within a full word,
     which is significant on bigendian machines.)  */

static void
store_fixed_bit_field (rtx op0, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT offset,
                       unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitsize,
                       unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitpos, rtx value)
{
  enum machine_mode mode;
  unsigned int total_bits = BITS_PER_WORD;
  rtx temp;
  int all_zero = 0;
  int all_one = 0;

  /* There is a case not handled here:
     a structure with a known alignment of just a halfword
     and a field split across two aligned halfwords within the structure.
     Or likewise a structure with a known alignment of just a byte
     and a field split across two bytes.
     Such cases are not supposed to be able to occur.  */

  if (REG_P (op0) || GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
    {
      gcc_assert (!offset);
      /* Special treatment for a bit field split across two registers.  */
      if (bitsize + bitpos > BITS_PER_WORD)
        {
          store_split_bit_field (op0, bitsize, bitpos, value);
          return;
        }
    }
  else
    {
      /* Get the proper mode to use for this field.  We want a mode that
         includes the entire field.  If such a mode would be larger than
         a word, we won't be doing the extraction the normal way.
         We don't want a mode bigger than the destination.  */

      mode = GET_MODE (op0);
      if (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) == 0
          || GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) > GET_MODE_BITSIZE (word_mode))
        mode = word_mode;
      mode = get_best_mode (bitsize, bitpos + offset * BITS_PER_UNIT,
                            MEM_ALIGN (op0), mode, MEM_VOLATILE_P (op0));

      if (mode == VOIDmode)
        {
          /* The only way this should occur is if the field spans word
             boundaries.  */
          store_split_bit_field (op0, bitsize, bitpos + offset * BITS_PER_UNIT,
                                 value);
          return;
        }

      total_bits = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode);

      /* Make sure bitpos is valid for the chosen mode.  Adjust BITPOS to
         be in the range 0 to total_bits-1, and put any excess bytes in
         OFFSET.  */
      if (bitpos >= total_bits)
        {
          offset += (bitpos / total_bits) * (total_bits / BITS_PER_UNIT);
          bitpos -= ((bitpos / total_bits) * (total_bits / BITS_PER_UNIT)
                     * BITS_PER_UNIT);
        }

      /* Get ref to an aligned byte, halfword, or word containing the field.
         Adjust BITPOS to be position within a word,
         and OFFSET to be the offset of that word.
         Then alter OP0 to refer to that word.  */
      bitpos += (offset % (total_bits / BITS_PER_UNIT)) * BITS_PER_UNIT;
      offset -= (offset % (total_bits / BITS_PER_UNIT));
      op0 = adjust_address (op0, mode, offset);
    }

  mode = GET_MODE (op0);

  /* Now MODE is either some integral mode for a MEM as OP0,
     or is a full-word for a REG as OP0.  TOTAL_BITS corresponds.
     The bit field is contained entirely within OP0.
     BITPOS is the starting bit number within OP0.
     (OP0's mode may actually be narrower than MODE.)  */

  if (BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN)
      /* BITPOS is the distance between our msb
         and that of the containing datum.
         Convert it to the distance from the lsb.  */
      bitpos = total_bits - bitsize - bitpos;

  /* Now BITPOS is always the distance between our lsb
     and that of OP0.  */

  /* Shift VALUE left by BITPOS bits.  If VALUE is not constant,
     we must first convert its mode to MODE.  */

  if (CONST_INT_P (value))
    {
      HOST_WIDE_INT v = INTVAL (value);

      if (bitsize < HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT)
        v &= ((HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << bitsize) - 1;

      if (v == 0)
        all_zero = 1;
      else if ((bitsize < HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT
                && v == ((HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << bitsize) - 1)
               || (bitsize == HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT && v == -1))
        all_one = 1;

      value = lshift_value (mode, value, bitpos, bitsize);
    }
  else
    {
      int must_and = (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (value)) != bitsize
                      && bitpos + bitsize != GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode));

      if (GET_MODE (value) != mode)
        value = convert_to_mode (mode, value, 1);

      if (must_and)
        value = expand_binop (mode, and_optab, value,
                              mask_rtx (mode, 0, bitsize, 0),
                              NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
      if (bitpos > 0)
        value = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, value,
                              build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, bitpos), NULL_RTX, 1);
    }

  /* Now clear the chosen bits in OP0,
     except that if VALUE is -1 we need not bother.  */
  /* We keep the intermediates in registers to allow CSE to combine
     consecutive bitfield assignments.  */

  temp = force_reg (mode, op0);

  if (! all_one)
    {
      temp = expand_binop (mode, and_optab, temp,
                           mask_rtx (mode, bitpos, bitsize, 1),
                           NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
      temp = force_reg (mode, temp);
    }

  /* Now logical-or VALUE into OP0, unless it is zero.  */

  if (! all_zero)
    {
      temp = expand_binop (mode, ior_optab, temp, value,
                           NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
      temp = force_reg (mode, temp);
    }

  if (op0 != temp)
    {
      op0 = copy_rtx (op0);
      emit_move_insn (op0, temp);
    }
}
\f
/* Store a bit field that is split across multiple accessible memory objects.

   OP0 is the REG, SUBREG or MEM rtx for the first of the objects.
   BITSIZE is the field width; BITPOS the position of its first bit
   (within the word).
   VALUE is the value to store.

   This does not yet handle fields wider than BITS_PER_WORD.  */

static void
store_split_bit_field (rtx op0, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitsize,
                       unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitpos, rtx value)
{
  unsigned int unit;
  unsigned int bitsdone = 0;

  /* Make sure UNIT isn't larger than BITS_PER_WORD, we can only handle that
     much at a time.  */
  if (REG_P (op0) || GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
    unit = BITS_PER_WORD;
  else
    unit = MIN (MEM_ALIGN (op0), BITS_PER_WORD);

  /* If VALUE is a constant other than a CONST_INT, get it into a register in
     WORD_MODE.  If we can do this using gen_lowpart_common, do so.  Note
     that VALUE might be a floating-point constant.  */
  if (CONSTANT_P (value) && !CONST_INT_P (value))
    {
      rtx word = gen_lowpart_common (word_mode, value);

      if (word && (value != word))
        value = word;
      else
        value = gen_lowpart_common (word_mode,
                                    force_reg (GET_MODE (value) != VOIDmode
                                               ? GET_MODE (value)
                                               : word_mode, value));
    }

  while (bitsdone < bitsize)
    {
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT thissize;
      rtx part, word;
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT thispos;
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT offset;

      offset = (bitpos + bitsdone) / unit;
      thispos = (bitpos + bitsdone) % unit;

      /* THISSIZE must not overrun a word boundary.  Otherwise,
         store_fixed_bit_field will call us again, and we will mutually
         recurse forever.  */
      thissize = MIN (bitsize - bitsdone, BITS_PER_WORD);
      thissize = MIN (thissize, unit - thispos);

      if (BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN)
        {
          int total_bits;

          /* We must do an endian conversion exactly the same way as it is
             done in extract_bit_field, so that the two calls to
             extract_fixed_bit_field will have comparable arguments.  */
          if (!MEM_P (value) || GET_MODE (value) == BLKmode)
            total_bits = BITS_PER_WORD;
          else
            total_bits = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (value));

          /* Fetch successively less significant portions.  */
          if (CONST_INT_P (value))
            part = GEN_INT (((unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) (INTVAL (value))
                             >> (bitsize - bitsdone - thissize))
                            & (((HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << thissize) - 1));
          else
            /* The args are chosen so that the last part includes the
               lsb.  Give extract_bit_field the value it needs (with
               endianness compensation) to fetch the piece we want.  */
            part = extract_fixed_bit_field (word_mode, value, 0, thissize,
                                            total_bits - bitsize + bitsdone,
                                            NULL_RTX, 1);
        }
      else
        {
          /* Fetch successively more significant portions.  */
          if (CONST_INT_P (value))
            part = GEN_INT (((unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) (INTVAL (value))
                             >> bitsdone)
                            & (((HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << thissize) - 1));
          else
            part = extract_fixed_bit_field (word_mode, value, 0, thissize,
                                            bitsdone, NULL_RTX, 1);
        }

      /* If OP0 is a register, then handle OFFSET here.

         When handling multiword bitfields, extract_bit_field may pass
         down a word_mode SUBREG of a larger REG for a bitfield that actually
         crosses a word boundary.  Thus, for a SUBREG, we must find
         the current word starting from the base register.  */
      if (GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
        {
          int word_offset = (SUBREG_BYTE (op0) / UNITS_PER_WORD) + offset;
          word = operand_subword_force (SUBREG_REG (op0), word_offset,
                                        GET_MODE (SUBREG_REG (op0)));
          offset = 0;
        }
      else if (REG_P (op0))
        {
          word = operand_subword_force (op0, offset, GET_MODE (op0));
          offset = 0;
        }
      else
        word = op0;

      /* OFFSET is in UNITs, and UNIT is in bits.
         store_fixed_bit_field wants offset in bytes.  */
      store_fixed_bit_field (word, offset * unit / BITS_PER_UNIT, thissize,
                             thispos, part);
      bitsdone += thissize;
    }
}
\f
/* A subroutine of extract_bit_field_1 that converts return value X
   to either MODE or TMODE.  MODE, TMODE and UNSIGNEDP are arguments
   to extract_bit_field.  */

static rtx
convert_extracted_bit_field (rtx x, enum machine_mode mode,
                             enum machine_mode tmode, bool unsignedp)
{
  if (GET_MODE (x) == tmode || GET_MODE (x) == mode)
    return x;

  /* If the x mode is not a scalar integral, first convert to the
     integer mode of that size and then access it as a floating-point
     value via a SUBREG.  */
  if (!SCALAR_INT_MODE_P (tmode))
    {
      enum machine_mode smode;

      smode = mode_for_size (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (tmode), MODE_INT, 0);
      x = convert_to_mode (smode, x, unsignedp);
      x = force_reg (smode, x);
      return gen_lowpart (tmode, x);
    }

  return convert_to_mode (tmode, x, unsignedp);
}

/* A subroutine of extract_bit_field, with the same arguments.
   If FALLBACK_P is true, fall back to extract_fixed_bit_field
   if we can find no other means of implementing the operation.
   if FALLBACK_P is false, return NULL instead.  */

static rtx
extract_bit_field_1 (rtx str_rtx, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitsize,
                     unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitnum, int unsignedp, rtx target,
                     enum machine_mode mode, enum machine_mode tmode,
                     bool fallback_p)
{
  unsigned int unit
    = (MEM_P (str_rtx)) ? BITS_PER_UNIT : BITS_PER_WORD;
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT offset, bitpos;
  rtx op0 = str_rtx;
  enum machine_mode int_mode;
  enum machine_mode ext_mode;
  enum machine_mode mode1;
  enum insn_code icode;
  int byte_offset;

  if (tmode == VOIDmode)
    tmode = mode;

  while (GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
    {
      bitnum += SUBREG_BYTE (op0) * BITS_PER_UNIT;
      op0 = SUBREG_REG (op0);
    }

  /* If we have an out-of-bounds access to a register, just return an
     uninitialized register of the required mode.  This can occur if the
     source code contains an out-of-bounds access to a small array.  */
  if (REG_P (op0) && bitnum >= GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (op0)))
    return gen_reg_rtx (tmode);

  if (REG_P (op0)
      && mode == GET_MODE (op0)
      && bitnum == 0
      && bitsize == GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (op0)))
    {
      /* We're trying to extract a full register from itself.  */
      return op0;
    }

  /* See if we can get a better vector mode before extracting.  */
  if (VECTOR_MODE_P (GET_MODE (op0))
      && !MEM_P (op0)
      && GET_MODE_INNER (GET_MODE (op0)) != tmode)
    {
      enum machine_mode new_mode;
      int nunits = GET_MODE_NUNITS (GET_MODE (op0));

      if (GET_MODE_CLASS (tmode) == MODE_FLOAT)
        new_mode = MIN_MODE_VECTOR_FLOAT;
      else if (GET_MODE_CLASS (tmode) == MODE_FRACT)
        new_mode = MIN_MODE_VECTOR_FRACT;
      else if (GET_MODE_CLASS (tmode) == MODE_UFRACT)
        new_mode = MIN_MODE_VECTOR_UFRACT;
      else if (GET_MODE_CLASS (tmode) == MODE_ACCUM)
        new_mode = MIN_MODE_VECTOR_ACCUM;
      else if (GET_MODE_CLASS (tmode) == MODE_UACCUM)
        new_mode = MIN_MODE_VECTOR_UACCUM;
      else
        new_mode = MIN_MODE_VECTOR_INT;

      for (; new_mode != VOIDmode ; new_mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (new_mode))
        if (GET_MODE_NUNITS (new_mode) == nunits
            && GET_MODE_SIZE (new_mode) == GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (op0))
            && targetm.vector_mode_supported_p (new_mode))
          break;
      if (new_mode != VOIDmode)
        op0 = gen_lowpart (new_mode, op0);
    }

  /* Use vec_extract patterns for extracting parts of vectors whenever
     available.  */
  if (VECTOR_MODE_P (GET_MODE (op0))
      && !MEM_P (op0)
      && (optab_handler (vec_extract_optab, GET_MODE (op0))->insn_code
          != CODE_FOR_nothing)
      && ((bitnum + bitsize - 1) / GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE_INNER (GET_MODE (op0)))
          == bitnum / GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE_INNER (GET_MODE (op0)))))
    {
      enum machine_mode outermode = GET_MODE (op0);
      enum machine_mode innermode = GET_MODE_INNER (outermode);
      int icode = (int) optab_handler (vec_extract_optab, outermode)->insn_code;
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT pos = bitnum / GET_MODE_BITSIZE (innermode);
      rtx rtxpos = GEN_INT (pos);
      rtx src = op0;
      rtx dest = NULL, pat, seq;
      enum machine_mode mode0 = insn_data[icode].operand[0].mode;
      enum machine_mode mode1 = insn_data[icode].operand[1].mode;
      enum machine_mode mode2 = insn_data[icode].operand[2].mode;

      if (innermode == tmode || innermode == mode)
        dest = target;

      if (!dest)
        dest = gen_reg_rtx (innermode);

      start_sequence ();

      if (! (*insn_data[icode].operand[0].predicate) (dest, mode0))
        dest = copy_to_mode_reg (mode0, dest);

      if (! (*insn_data[icode].operand[1].predicate) (src, mode1))
        src = copy_to_mode_reg (mode1, src);

      if (! (*insn_data[icode].operand[2].predicate) (rtxpos, mode2))
        rtxpos = copy_to_mode_reg (mode1, rtxpos);

      /* We could handle this, but we should always be called with a pseudo
         for our targets and all insns should take them as outputs.  */
      gcc_assert ((*insn_data[icode].operand[0].predicate) (dest, mode0)
                  && (*insn_data[icode].operand[1].predicate) (src, mode1)
                  && (*insn_data[icode].operand[2].predicate) (rtxpos, mode2));

      pat = GEN_FCN (icode) (dest, src, rtxpos);
      seq = get_insns ();
      end_sequence ();
      if (pat)
        {
          emit_insn (seq);
          emit_insn (pat);
          if (mode0 != mode)
            return gen_lowpart (tmode, dest);
          return dest;
        }
    }

  /* Make sure we are playing with integral modes.  Pun with subregs
     if we aren't.  */
  {
    enum machine_mode imode = int_mode_for_mode (GET_MODE (op0));
    if (imode != GET_MODE (op0))
      {
        if (MEM_P (op0))
          op0 = adjust_address (op0, imode, 0);
        else if (imode != BLKmode)
          {
            op0 = gen_lowpart (imode, op0);

            /* If we got a SUBREG, force it into a register since we
               aren't going to be able to do another SUBREG on it.  */
            if (GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
              op0 = force_reg (imode, op0);
          }
        else if (REG_P (op0))
          {
            rtx reg, subreg;
            imode = smallest_mode_for_size (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (op0)),
                                            MODE_INT);
            reg = gen_reg_rtx (imode);
            subreg = gen_lowpart_SUBREG (GET_MODE (op0), reg);
            emit_move_insn (subreg, op0);
            op0 = reg;
            bitnum += SUBREG_BYTE (subreg) * BITS_PER_UNIT;
          }
        else
          {
            rtx mem = assign_stack_temp (GET_MODE (op0),
                                         GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (op0)), 0);
            emit_move_insn (mem, op0);
            op0 = adjust_address (mem, BLKmode, 0);
          }
      }
  }

  /* We may be accessing data outside the field, which means
     we can alias adjacent data.  */
  if (MEM_P (op0))
    {
      op0 = shallow_copy_rtx (op0);
      set_mem_alias_set (op0, 0);
      set_mem_expr (op0, 0);
    }

  /* Extraction of a full-word or multi-word value from a structure
     in a register or aligned memory can be done with just a SUBREG.
     A subword value in the least significant part of a register
     can also be extracted with a SUBREG.  For this, we need the
     byte offset of the value in op0.  */

  bitpos = bitnum % unit;
  offset = bitnum / unit;
  byte_offset = bitpos / BITS_PER_UNIT + offset * UNITS_PER_WORD;

  /* If OP0 is a register, BITPOS must count within a word.
     But as we have it, it counts within whatever size OP0 now has.
     On a bigendian machine, these are not the same, so convert.  */
  if (BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN
      && !MEM_P (op0)
      && unit > GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (op0)))
    bitpos += unit - GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (op0));

  /* ??? We currently assume TARGET is at least as big as BITSIZE.
     If that's wrong, the solution is to test for it and set TARGET to 0
     if needed.  */

  /* Only scalar integer modes can be converted via subregs.  There is an
     additional problem for FP modes here in that they can have a precision
     which is different from the size.  mode_for_size uses precision, but
     we want a mode based on the size, so we must avoid calling it for FP
     modes.  */
  mode1  = (SCALAR_INT_MODE_P (tmode)
            ? mode_for_size (bitsize, GET_MODE_CLASS (tmode), 0)
            : mode);

  if (((bitsize >= BITS_PER_WORD && bitsize == GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode)
        && bitpos % BITS_PER_WORD == 0)
       || (mode1 != BLKmode
           /* ??? The big endian test here is wrong.  This is correct
              if the value is in a register, and if mode_for_size is not
              the same mode as op0.  This causes us to get unnecessarily
              inefficient code from the Thumb port when -mbig-endian.  */
           && (BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN
               ? bitpos + bitsize == BITS_PER_WORD
               : bitpos == 0)))
      && ((!MEM_P (op0)
           && TRULY_NOOP_TRUNCATION (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode1),
                                     GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (op0)))
           && GET_MODE_SIZE (mode1) != 0
           && byte_offset % GET_MODE_SIZE (mode1) == 0)
          || (MEM_P (op0)
              && (! SLOW_UNALIGNED_ACCESS (mode, MEM_ALIGN (op0))
                  || (offset * BITS_PER_UNIT % bitsize == 0
                      && MEM_ALIGN (op0) % bitsize == 0)))))
    {
      if (MEM_P (op0))
        op0 = adjust_address (op0, mode1, offset);
      else if (mode1 != GET_MODE (op0))
        {
          rtx sub = simplify_gen_subreg (mode1, op0, GET_MODE (op0),
                                         byte_offset);
          if (sub == NULL)
            goto no_subreg_mode_swap;
          op0 = sub;
        }
      if (mode1 != mode)
        return convert_to_mode (tmode, op0, unsignedp);
      return op0;
    }
 no_subreg_mode_swap:

  /* Handle fields bigger than a word.  */

  if (bitsize > BITS_PER_WORD)
    {
      /* Here we transfer the words of the field
         in the order least significant first.
         This is because the most significant word is the one which may
         be less than full.  */

      unsigned int nwords = (bitsize + (BITS_PER_WORD - 1)) / BITS_PER_WORD;
      unsigned int i;

      if (target == 0 || !REG_P (target))
        target = gen_reg_rtx (mode);

      /* Indicate for flow that the entire target reg is being set.  */
      emit_clobber (target);

      for (i = 0; i < nwords; i++)
        {
          /* If I is 0, use the low-order word in both field and target;
             if I is 1, use the next to lowest word; and so on.  */
          /* Word number in TARGET to use.  */
          unsigned int wordnum
            = (WORDS_BIG_ENDIAN
               ? GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (target)) / UNITS_PER_WORD - i - 1
               : i);
          /* Offset from start of field in OP0.  */
          unsigned int bit_offset = (WORDS_BIG_ENDIAN
                                     ? MAX (0, ((int) bitsize - ((int) i + 1)
                                                * (int) BITS_PER_WORD))
                                     : (int) i * BITS_PER_WORD);
          rtx target_part = operand_subword (target, wordnum, 1, VOIDmode);
          rtx result_part
            = extract_bit_field (op0, MIN (BITS_PER_WORD,
                                           bitsize - i * BITS_PER_WORD),
                                 bitnum + bit_offset, 1, target_part, mode,
                                 word_mode);

          gcc_assert (target_part);

          if (result_part != target_part)
            emit_move_insn (target_part, result_part);
        }

      if (unsignedp)
        {
          /* Unless we've filled TARGET, the upper regs in a multi-reg value
             need to be zero'd out.  */
          if (GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (target)) > nwords * UNITS_PER_WORD)
            {
              unsigned int i, total_words;

              total_words = GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (target)) / UNITS_PER_WORD;
              for (i = nwords; i < total_words; i++)
                emit_move_insn
                  (operand_subword (target,
                                    WORDS_BIG_ENDIAN ? total_words - i - 1 : i,
                                    1, VOIDmode),
                   const0_rtx);
            }
          return target;
        }

      /* Signed bit field: sign-extend with two arithmetic shifts.  */
      target = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, target,
                             build_int_cst (NULL_TREE,
                                            GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - bitsize),
                             NULL_RTX, 0);
      return expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, target,
                           build_int_cst (NULL_TREE,
                                          GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - bitsize),
                           NULL_RTX, 0);
    }

  /* From here on we know the desired field is smaller than a word.  */

  /* Check if there is a correspondingly-sized integer field, so we can
     safely extract it as one size of integer, if necessary; then
     truncate or extend to the size that is wanted; then use SUBREGs or
     convert_to_mode to get one of the modes we really wanted.  */

  int_mode = int_mode_for_mode (tmode);
  if (int_mode == BLKmode)
    int_mode = int_mode_for_mode (mode);
  /* Should probably push op0 out to memory and then do a load.  */
  gcc_assert (int_mode != BLKmode);

  /* OFFSET is the number of words or bytes (UNIT says which)
     from STR_RTX to the first word or byte containing part of the field.  */
  if (!MEM_P (op0))
    {
      if (offset != 0
          || GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (op0)) > UNITS_PER_WORD)
        {
          if (!REG_P (op0))
            op0 = copy_to_reg (op0);
          op0 = gen_rtx_SUBREG (mode_for_size (BITS_PER_WORD, MODE_INT, 0),
                                op0, (offset * UNITS_PER_WORD));
        }
      offset = 0;
    }

  /* Now OFFSET is nonzero only for memory operands.  */
  ext_mode = mode_for_extraction (unsignedp ? EP_extzv : EP_extv, 0);
  icode = unsignedp ? CODE_FOR_extzv : CODE_FOR_extv;
  if (ext_mode != MAX_MACHINE_MODE
      && bitsize > 0
      && GET_MODE_BITSIZE (ext_mode) >= bitsize
      /* If op0 is a register, we need it in EXT_MODE to make it
         acceptable to the format of ext(z)v.  */
      && !(GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG && GET_MODE (op0) != ext_mode)
      && !((REG_P (op0) || GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
           && (bitsize + bitpos > GET_MODE_BITSIZE (ext_mode)))
      && check_predicate_volatile_ok (icode, 1, op0, GET_MODE (op0)))
    {
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT xbitpos = bitpos, xoffset = offset;
      rtx bitsize_rtx, bitpos_rtx;
      rtx last = get_last_insn ();
      rtx xop0 = op0;
      rtx xtarget = target;
      rtx xspec_target = target;
      rtx xspec_target_subreg = 0;
      rtx pat;

      /* If op0 is a register, we need it in EXT_MODE to make it
         acceptable to the format of ext(z)v.  */
      if (REG_P (xop0) && GET_MODE (xop0) != ext_mode)
        xop0 = gen_lowpart_SUBREG (ext_mode, xop0);
      if (MEM_P (xop0))
        /* Get ref to first byte containing part of the field.  */
        xop0 = adjust_address (xop0, byte_mode, xoffset);

      /* On big-endian machines, we count bits from the most significant.
         If the bit field insn does not, we must invert.  */
      if (BITS_BIG_ENDIAN != BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN)
        xbitpos = unit - bitsize - xbitpos;

      /* Now convert from counting within UNIT to counting in EXT_MODE.  */
      if (BITS_BIG_ENDIAN && !MEM_P (xop0))
        xbitpos += GET_MODE_BITSIZE (ext_mode) - unit;

      unit = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (ext_mode);

      if (xtarget == 0)
        xtarget = xspec_target = gen_reg_rtx (tmode);

      if (GET_MODE (xtarget) != ext_mode)
        {
          /* Don't use LHS paradoxical subreg if explicit truncation is needed
             between the mode of the extraction (word_mode) and the target
             mode.  Instead, create a temporary and use convert_move to set
             the target.  */
          if (REG_P (xtarget)
              && TRULY_NOOP_TRUNCATION (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (GET_MODE (xtarget)),
                                        GET_MODE_BITSIZE (ext_mode)))
            {
              xtarget = gen_lowpart (ext_mode, xtarget);
              if (GET_MODE_SIZE (ext_mode)
                  > GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (xspec_target)))
                xspec_target_subreg = xtarget;
            }
          else
            xtarget = gen_reg_rtx (ext_mode);
        }

      /* If this machine's ext(z)v insists on a register target,
         make sure we have one.  */
      if (!insn_data[(int) icode].operand[0].predicate (xtarget, ext_mode))
        xtarget = gen_reg_rtx (ext_mode);

      bitsize_rtx = GEN_INT (bitsize);
      bitpos_rtx = GEN_INT (xbitpos);

      pat = (unsignedp
             ? gen_extzv (xtarget, xop0, bitsize_rtx, bitpos_rtx)
             : gen_extv (xtarget, xop0, bitsize_rtx, bitpos_rtx));
      if (pat)
        {
          emit_insn (pat);
          if (xtarget == xspec_target)
            return xtarget;
          if (xtarget == xspec_target_subreg)
            return xspec_target;
          return convert_extracted_bit_field (xtarget, mode, tmode, unsignedp);
        }
      delete_insns_since (last);
    }

  /* If OP0 is a memory, try copying it to a register and seeing if a
     cheap register alternative is available.  */
  if (ext_mode != MAX_MACHINE_MODE && MEM_P (op0))
    {
      enum machine_mode bestmode;

      /* Get the mode to use for inserting into this field.  If
         OP0 is BLKmode, get the smallest mode consistent with the
         alignment. If OP0 is a non-BLKmode object that is no
         wider than EXT_MODE, use its mode. Otherwise, use the
         smallest mode containing the field.  */

      if (GET_MODE (op0) == BLKmode
          || (ext_mode != MAX_MACHINE_MODE
              && GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE (op0)) > GET_MODE_SIZE (ext_mode)))
        bestmode = get_best_mode (bitsize, bitnum, MEM_ALIGN (op0),
                                  (ext_mode == MAX_MACHINE_MODE
                                   ? VOIDmode : ext_mode),
                                  MEM_VOLATILE_P (op0));
      else
        bestmode = GET_MODE (op0);

      if (bestmode != VOIDmode
          && !(SLOW_UNALIGNED_ACCESS (bestmode, MEM_ALIGN (op0))
               && GET_MODE_BITSIZE (bestmode) > MEM_ALIGN (op0)))
        {
          unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT xoffset, xbitpos;

          /* Compute the offset as a multiple of this unit,
             counting in bytes.  */
          unit = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (bestmode);
          xoffset = (bitnum / unit) * GET_MODE_SIZE (bestmode);
          xbitpos = bitnum % unit;

          /* Make sure the register is big enough for the whole field.  */
          if (xoffset * BITS_PER_UNIT + unit
              >= offset * BITS_PER_UNIT + bitsize)
            {
              rtx last, result, xop0;

              last = get_last_insn ();

              /* Fetch it to a register in that size.  */
              xop0 = adjust_address (op0, bestmode, xoffset);
              xop0 = force_reg (bestmode, xop0);
              result = extract_bit_field_1 (xop0, bitsize, xbitpos,
                                            unsignedp, target,
                                            mode, tmode, false);
              if (result)
                return result;

              delete_insns_since (last);
            }
        }
    }

  if (!fallback_p)
    return NULL;

  target = extract_fixed_bit_field (int_mode, op0, offset, bitsize,
                                    bitpos, target, unsignedp);
  return convert_extracted_bit_field (target, mode, tmode, unsignedp);
}

/* Generate code to extract a byte-field from STR_RTX
   containing BITSIZE bits, starting at BITNUM,
   and put it in TARGET if possible (if TARGET is nonzero).
   Regardless of TARGET, we return the rtx for where the value is placed.

   STR_RTX is the structure containing the byte (a REG or MEM).
   UNSIGNEDP is nonzero if this is an unsigned bit field.
   MODE is the natural mode of the field value once extracted.
   TMODE is the mode the caller would like the value to have;
   but the value may be returned with type MODE instead.

   If a TARGET is specified and we can store in it at no extra cost,
   we do so, and return TARGET.
   Otherwise, we return a REG of mode TMODE or MODE, with TMODE preferred
   if they are equally easy.  */

rtx
extract_bit_field (rtx str_rtx, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitsize,
                   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitnum, int unsignedp, rtx target,
                   enum machine_mode mode, enum machine_mode tmode)
{
  return extract_bit_field_1 (str_rtx, bitsize, bitnum, unsignedp,
                              target, mode, tmode, true);
}
\f
/* Extract a bit field using shifts and boolean operations
   Returns an rtx to represent the value.
   OP0 addresses a register (word) or memory (byte).
   BITPOS says which bit within the word or byte the bit field starts in.
   OFFSET says how many bytes farther the bit field starts;
    it is 0 if OP0 is a register.
   BITSIZE says how many bits long the bit field is.
    (If OP0 is a register, it may be narrower than a full word,
     but BITPOS still counts within a full word,
     which is significant on bigendian machines.)

   UNSIGNEDP is nonzero for an unsigned bit field (don't sign-extend value).
   If TARGET is nonzero, attempts to store the value there
   and return TARGET, but this is not guaranteed.
   If TARGET is not used, create a pseudo-reg of mode TMODE for the value.  */

static rtx
extract_fixed_bit_field (enum machine_mode tmode, rtx op0,
                         unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT offset,
                         unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitsize,
                         unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitpos, rtx target,
                         int unsignedp)
{
  unsigned int total_bits = BITS_PER_WORD;
  enum machine_mode mode;

  if (GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG || REG_P (op0))
    {
      /* Special treatment for a bit field split across two registers.  */
      if (bitsize + bitpos > BITS_PER_WORD)
        return extract_split_bit_field (op0, bitsize, bitpos, unsignedp);
    }
  else
    {
      /* Get the proper mode to use for this field.  We want a mode that
         includes the entire field.  If such a mode would be larger than
         a word, we won't be doing the extraction the normal way.  */

      mode = get_best_mode (bitsize, bitpos + offset * BITS_PER_UNIT,
                            MEM_ALIGN (op0), word_mode, MEM_VOLATILE_P (op0));

      if (mode == VOIDmode)
        /* The only way this should occur is if the field spans word
           boundaries.  */
        return extract_split_bit_field (op0, bitsize,
                                        bitpos + offset * BITS_PER_UNIT,
                                        unsignedp);

      total_bits = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode);

      /* Make sure bitpos is valid for the chosen mode.  Adjust BITPOS to
         be in the range 0 to total_bits-1, and put any excess bytes in
         OFFSET.  */
      if (bitpos >= total_bits)
        {
          offset += (bitpos / total_bits) * (total_bits / BITS_PER_UNIT);
          bitpos -= ((bitpos / total_bits) * (total_bits / BITS_PER_UNIT)
                     * BITS_PER_UNIT);
        }

      /* Get ref to an aligned byte, halfword, or word containing the field.
         Adjust BITPOS to be position within a word,
         and OFFSET to be the offset of that word.
         Then alter OP0 to refer to that word.  */
      bitpos += (offset % (total_bits / BITS_PER_UNIT)) * BITS_PER_UNIT;
      offset -= (offset % (total_bits / BITS_PER_UNIT));
      op0 = adjust_address (op0, mode, offset);
    }

  mode = GET_MODE (op0);

  if (BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN)
    /* BITPOS is the distance between our msb and that of OP0.
       Convert it to the distance from the lsb.  */
    bitpos = total_bits - bitsize - bitpos;

  /* Now BITPOS is always the distance between the field's lsb and that of OP0.
     We have reduced the big-endian case to the little-endian case.  */

  if (unsignedp)
    {
      if (bitpos)
        {
          /* If the field does not already start at the lsb,
             shift it so it does.  */
          tree amount = build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, bitpos);
          /* Maybe propagate the target for the shift.  */
          /* But not if we will return it--could confuse integrate.c.  */
          rtx subtarget = (target != 0 && REG_P (target) ? target : 0);
          if (tmode != mode) subtarget = 0;
          op0 = expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, op0, amount, subtarget, 1);
        }
      /* Convert the value to the desired mode.  */
      if (mode != tmode)
        op0 = convert_to_mode (tmode, op0, 1);

      /* Unless the msb of the field used to be the msb when we shifted,
         mask out the upper bits.  */

      if (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) != bitpos + bitsize)
        return expand_binop (GET_MODE (op0), and_optab, op0,
                             mask_rtx (GET_MODE (op0), 0, bitsize, 0),
                             target, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
      return op0;
    }

  /* To extract a signed bit-field, first shift its msb to the msb of the word,
     then arithmetic-shift its lsb to the lsb of the word.  */
  op0 = force_reg (mode, op0);
  if (mode != tmode)
    target = 0;

  /* Find the narrowest integer mode that contains the field.  */

  for (mode = GET_CLASS_NARROWEST_MODE (MODE_INT); mode != VOIDmode;
       mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (mode))
    if (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) >= bitsize + bitpos)
      {
        op0 = convert_to_mode (mode, op0, 0);
        break;
      }

  if (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) != (bitsize + bitpos))
    {
      tree amount
        = build_int_cst (NULL_TREE,
                         GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - (bitsize + bitpos));
      /* Maybe propagate the target for the shift.  */
      rtx subtarget = (target != 0 && REG_P (target) ? target : 0);
      op0 = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, op0, amount, subtarget, 1);
    }

  return expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, op0,
                       build_int_cst (NULL_TREE,
                                      GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - bitsize),
                       target, 0);
}
\f
/* Return a constant integer (CONST_INT or CONST_DOUBLE) mask value
   of mode MODE with BITSIZE ones followed by BITPOS zeros, or the
   complement of that if COMPLEMENT.  The mask is truncated if
   necessary to the width of mode MODE.  The mask is zero-extended if
   BITSIZE+BITPOS is too small for MODE.  */

static rtx
mask_rtx (enum machine_mode mode, int bitpos, int bitsize, int complement)
{
  double_int mask;

  mask = double_int_mask (bitsize);
  mask = double_int_lshift (mask, bitpos, HOST_BITS_PER_DOUBLE_INT, false);

  if (complement)
    mask = double_int_not (mask);

  return immed_double_const (mask.low, mask.high, mode);
}

/* Return a constant integer (CONST_INT or CONST_DOUBLE) rtx with the value
   VALUE truncated to BITSIZE bits and then shifted left BITPOS bits.  */

static rtx
lshift_value (enum machine_mode mode, rtx value, int bitpos, int bitsize)
{
  double_int val;
  
  val = double_int_zext (uhwi_to_double_int (INTVAL (value)), bitsize);
  val = double_int_lshift (val, bitpos, HOST_BITS_PER_DOUBLE_INT, false);

  return immed_double_const (val.low, val.high, mode);
}
\f
/* Extract a bit field that is split across two words
   and return an RTX for the result.

   OP0 is the REG, SUBREG or MEM rtx for the first of the two words.
   BITSIZE is the field width; BITPOS, position of its first bit, in the word.
   UNSIGNEDP is 1 if should zero-extend the contents; else sign-extend.  */

static rtx
extract_split_bit_field (rtx op0, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitsize,
                         unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT bitpos, int unsignedp)
{
  unsigned int unit;
  unsigned int bitsdone = 0;
  rtx result = NULL_RTX;
  int first = 1;

  /* Make sure UNIT isn't larger than BITS_PER_WORD, we can only handle that
     much at a time.  */
  if (REG_P (op0) || GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
    unit = BITS_PER_WORD;
  else
    unit = MIN (MEM_ALIGN (op0), BITS_PER_WORD);

  while (bitsdone < bitsize)
    {
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT thissize;
      rtx part, word;
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT thispos;
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT offset;

      offset = (bitpos + bitsdone) / unit;
      thispos = (bitpos + bitsdone) % unit;

      /* THISSIZE must not overrun a word boundary.  Otherwise,
         extract_fixed_bit_field will call us again, and we will mutually
         recurse forever.  */
      thissize = MIN (bitsize - bitsdone, BITS_PER_WORD);
      thissize = MIN (thissize, unit - thispos);

      /* If OP0 is a register, then handle OFFSET here.

         When handling multiword bitfields, extract_bit_field may pass
         down a word_mode SUBREG of a larger REG for a bitfield that actually
         crosses a word boundary.  Thus, for a SUBREG, we must find
         the current word starting from the base register.  */
      if (GET_CODE (op0) == SUBREG)
        {
          int word_offset = (SUBREG_BYTE (op0) / UNITS_PER_WORD) + offset;
          word = operand_subword_force (SUBREG_REG (op0), word_offset,
                                        GET_MODE (SUBREG_REG (op0)));
          offset = 0;
        }
      else if (REG_P (op0))
        {
          word = operand_subword_force (op0, offset, GET_MODE (op0));
          offset = 0;
        }
      else
        word = op0;

      /* Extract the parts in bit-counting order,
         whose meaning is determined by BYTES_PER_UNIT.
         OFFSET is in UNITs, and UNIT is in bits.
         extract_fixed_bit_field wants offset in bytes.  */
      part = extract_fixed_bit_field (word_mode, word,
                                      offset * unit / BITS_PER_UNIT,
                                      thissize, thispos, 0, 1);
      bitsdone += thissize;

      /* Shift this part into place for the result.  */
      if (BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN)
        {
          if (bitsize != bitsdone)
            part = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, word_mode, part,
                                 build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, bitsize - bitsdone),
                                 0, 1);
        }
      else
        {
          if (bitsdone != thissize)
            part = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, word_mode, part,
                                 build_int_cst (NULL_TREE,
                                                bitsdone - thissize), 0, 1);
        }

      if (first)
        result = part;
      else
        /* Combine the parts with bitwise or.  This works
           because we extracted each part as an unsigned bit field.  */
        result = expand_binop (word_mode, ior_optab, part, result, NULL_RTX, 1,
                               OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);

      first = 0;
    }

  /* Unsigned bit field: we are done.  */
  if (unsignedp)
    return result;
  /* Signed bit field: sign-extend with two arithmetic shifts.  */
  result = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, word_mode, result,
                         build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, BITS_PER_WORD - bitsize),
                         NULL_RTX, 0);
  return expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, word_mode, result,
                       build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, BITS_PER_WORD - bitsize),
                       NULL_RTX, 0);
}
\f
/* Try to read the low bits of SRC as an rvalue of mode MODE, preserving
   the bit pattern.  SRC_MODE is the mode of SRC; if this is smaller than
   MODE, fill the upper bits with zeros.  Fail if the layout of either
   mode is unknown (as for CC modes) or if the extraction would involve
   unprofitable mode punning.  Return the value on success, otherwise
   return null.

   This is different from gen_lowpart* in these respects:

     - the returned value must always be considered an rvalue

     - when MODE is wider than SRC_MODE, the extraction involves
       a zero extension

     - when MODE is smaller than SRC_MODE, the extraction involves
       a truncation (and is thus subject to TRULY_NOOP_TRUNCATION).

   In other words, this routine performs a computation, whereas the
   gen_lowpart* routines are conceptually lvalue or rvalue subreg
   operations.  */

rtx
extract_low_bits (enum machine_mode mode, enum machine_mode src_mode, rtx src)
{
  enum machine_mode int_mode, src_int_mode;

  if (mode == src_mode)
    return src;

  if (CONSTANT_P (src))
    {
      /* simplify_gen_subreg can't be used here, as if simplify_subreg
         fails, it will happily create (subreg (symbol_ref)) or similar
         invalid SUBREGs.  */
      unsigned int byte = subreg_lowpart_offset (mode, src_mode);
      rtx ret = simplify_subreg (mode, src, src_mode, byte);
      if (ret)
        return ret;

      if (GET_MODE (src) == VOIDmode
          || !validate_subreg (mode, src_mode, src, byte))
        return NULL_RTX;

      src = force_reg (GET_MODE (src), src);
      return gen_rtx_SUBREG (mode, src, byte);
    }

  if (GET_MODE_CLASS (mode) == MODE_CC || GET_MODE_CLASS (src_mode) == MODE_CC)
    return NULL_RTX;

  if (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) == GET_MODE_BITSIZE (src_mode)
      && MODES_TIEABLE_P (mode, src_mode))
    {
      rtx x = gen_lowpart_common (mode, src);
      if (x)
        return x;
    }

  src_int_mode = int_mode_for_mode (src_mode);
  int_mode = int_mode_for_mode (mode);
  if (src_int_mode == BLKmode || int_mode == BLKmode)
    return NULL_RTX;

  if (!MODES_TIEABLE_P (src_int_mode, src_mode))
    return NULL_RTX;
  if (!MODES_TIEABLE_P (int_mode, mode))
    return NULL_RTX;

  src = gen_lowpart (src_int_mode, src);
  src = convert_modes (int_mode, src_int_mode, src, true);
  src = gen_lowpart (mode, src);
  return src;
}
\f
/* Add INC into TARGET.  */

void
expand_inc (rtx target, rtx inc)
{
  rtx value = expand_binop (GET_MODE (target), add_optab,
                            target, inc,
                            target, 0, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
  if (value != target)
    emit_move_insn (target, value);
}

/* Subtract DEC from TARGET.  */

void
expand_dec (rtx target, rtx dec)
{
  rtx value = expand_binop (GET_MODE (target), sub_optab,
                            target, dec,
                            target, 0, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
  if (value != target)
    emit_move_insn (target, value);
}
\f
/* Output a shift instruction for expression code CODE,
   with SHIFTED being the rtx for the value to shift,
   and AMOUNT the tree for the amount to shift by.
   Store the result in the rtx TARGET, if that is convenient.
   If UNSIGNEDP is nonzero, do a logical shift; otherwise, arithmetic.
   Return the rtx for where the value is.  */

rtx
expand_shift (enum tree_code code, enum machine_mode mode, rtx shifted,
              tree amount, rtx target, int unsignedp)
{
  rtx op1, temp = 0;
  int left = (code == LSHIFT_EXPR || code == LROTATE_EXPR);
  int rotate = (code == LROTATE_EXPR || code == RROTATE_EXPR);
  optab lshift_optab = ashl_optab;
  optab rshift_arith_optab = ashr_optab;
  optab rshift_uns_optab = lshr_optab;
  optab lrotate_optab = rotl_optab;
  optab rrotate_optab = rotr_optab;
  enum machine_mode op1_mode;
  int attempt;
  bool speed = optimize_insn_for_speed_p ();

  op1 = expand_normal (amount);
  op1_mode = GET_MODE (op1);

  /* Determine whether the shift/rotate amount is a vector, or scalar.  If the
     shift amount is a vector, use the vector/vector shift patterns.  */
  if (VECTOR_MODE_P (mode) && VECTOR_MODE_P (op1_mode))
    {
      lshift_optab = vashl_optab;
      rshift_arith_optab = vashr_optab;
      rshift_uns_optab = vlshr_optab;
      lrotate_optab = vrotl_optab;
      rrotate_optab = vrotr_optab;
    }

  /* Previously detected shift-counts computed by NEGATE_EXPR
     and shifted in the other direction; but that does not work
     on all machines.  */

  if (SHIFT_COUNT_TRUNCATED)
    {
      if (CONST_INT_P (op1)
          && ((unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) INTVAL (op1) >=
              (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode)))
        op1 = GEN_INT ((unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) INTVAL (op1)
                       % GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode));
      else if (GET_CODE (op1) == SUBREG
               && subreg_lowpart_p (op1)
               && INTEGRAL_MODE_P (GET_MODE (SUBREG_REG (op1))))
        op1 = SUBREG_REG (op1);
    }

  if (op1 == const0_rtx)
    return shifted;

  /* Check whether its cheaper to implement a left shift by a constant
     bit count by a sequence of additions.  */
  if (code == LSHIFT_EXPR
      && CONST_INT_P (op1)
      && INTVAL (op1) > 0
      && INTVAL (op1) < GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode)
      && INTVAL (op1) < MAX_BITS_PER_WORD
      && shift_cost[speed][mode][INTVAL (op1)] > INTVAL (op1) * add_cost[speed][mode]
      && shift_cost[speed][mode][INTVAL (op1)] != MAX_COST)
    {
      int i;
      for (i = 0; i < INTVAL (op1); i++)
        {
          temp = force_reg (mode, shifted);
          shifted = expand_binop (mode, add_optab, temp, temp, NULL_RTX,
                                  unsignedp, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
        }
      return shifted;
    }

  for (attempt = 0; temp == 0 && attempt < 3; attempt++)
    {
      enum optab_methods methods;

      if (attempt == 0)
        methods = OPTAB_DIRECT;
      else if (attempt == 1)
        methods = OPTAB_WIDEN;
      else
        methods = OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN;

      if (rotate)
        {
          /* Widening does not work for rotation.  */
          if (methods == OPTAB_WIDEN)
            continue;
          else if (methods == OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN)
            {
              /* If we have been unable to open-code this by a rotation,
                 do it as the IOR of two shifts.  I.e., to rotate A
                 by N bits, compute (A << N) | ((unsigned) A >> (C - N))
                 where C is the bitsize of A.

                 It is theoretically possible that the target machine might
                 not be able to perform either shift and hence we would
                 be making two libcalls rather than just the one for the
                 shift (similarly if IOR could not be done).  We will allow
                 this extremely unlikely lossage to avoid complicating the
                 code below.  */

              rtx subtarget = target == shifted ? 0 : target;
              tree new_amount, other_amount;
              rtx temp1;
              tree type = TREE_TYPE (amount);
              if (GET_MODE (op1) != TYPE_MODE (type)
                  && GET_MODE (op1) != VOIDmode)
                op1 = convert_to_mode (TYPE_MODE (type), op1, 1);
              new_amount = make_tree (type, op1);
              other_amount
                = fold_build2 (MINUS_EXPR, type,
                               build_int_cst (type, GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode)),
                               new_amount);

              shifted = force_reg (mode, shifted);

              temp = expand_shift (left ? LSHIFT_EXPR : RSHIFT_EXPR,
                                   mode, shifted, new_amount, 0, 1);
              temp1 = expand_shift (left ? RSHIFT_EXPR : LSHIFT_EXPR,
                                    mode, shifted, other_amount, subtarget, 1);
              return expand_binop (mode, ior_optab, temp, temp1, target,
                                   unsignedp, methods);
            }

          temp = expand_binop (mode,
                               left ? lrotate_optab : rrotate_optab,
                               shifted, op1, target, unsignedp, methods);
        }
      else if (unsignedp)
        temp = expand_binop (mode,
                             left ? lshift_optab : rshift_uns_optab,
                             shifted, op1, target, unsignedp, methods);

      /* Do arithmetic shifts.
         Also, if we are going to widen the operand, we can just as well
         use an arithmetic right-shift instead of a logical one.  */
      if (temp == 0 && ! rotate
          && (! unsignedp || (! left && methods == OPTAB_WIDEN)))
        {
          enum optab_methods methods1 = methods;

          /* If trying to widen a log shift to an arithmetic shift,
             don't accept an arithmetic shift of the same size.  */
          if (unsignedp)
            methods1 = OPTAB_MUST_WIDEN;

          /* Arithmetic shift */

          temp = expand_binop (mode,
                               left ? lshift_optab : rshift_arith_optab,
                               shifted, op1, target, unsignedp, methods1);
        }

      /* We used to try extzv here for logical right shifts, but that was
         only useful for one machine, the VAX, and caused poor code
         generation there for lshrdi3, so the code was deleted and a
         define_expand for lshrsi3 was added to vax.md.  */
    }

  gcc_assert (temp);
  return temp;
}
\f
enum alg_code {
  alg_unknown,
  alg_zero,
  alg_m, alg_shift,
  alg_add_t_m2,
  alg_sub_t_m2,
  alg_add_factor,
  alg_sub_factor,
  alg_add_t2_m,
  alg_sub_t2_m,
  alg_impossible
};

/* This structure holds the "cost" of a multiply sequence.  The
   "cost" field holds the total rtx_cost of every operator in the
   synthetic multiplication sequence, hence cost(a op b) is defined
   as rtx_cost(op) + cost(a) + cost(b), where cost(leaf) is zero.
   The "latency" field holds the minimum possible latency of the
   synthetic multiply, on a hypothetical infinitely parallel CPU.
   This is the critical path, or the maximum height, of the expression
   tree which is the sum of rtx_costs on the most expensive path from
   any leaf to the root.  Hence latency(a op b) is defined as zero for
   leaves and rtx_cost(op) + max(latency(a), latency(b)) otherwise.  */

struct mult_cost {
  short cost;     /* Total rtx_cost of the multiplication sequence.  */
  short latency;  /* The latency of the multiplication sequence.  */
};

/* This macro is used to compare a pointer to a mult_cost against an
   single integer "rtx_cost" value.  This is equivalent to the macro
   CHEAPER_MULT_COST(X,Z) where Z = {Y,Y}.  */
#define MULT_COST_LESS(X,Y) ((X)->cost < (Y)    \
                             || ((X)->cost == (Y) && (X)->latency < (Y)))

/* This macro is used to compare two pointers to mult_costs against
   each other.  The macro returns true if X is cheaper than Y.
   Currently, the cheaper of two mult_costs is the one with the
   lower "cost".  If "cost"s are tied, the lower latency is cheaper.  */
#define CHEAPER_MULT_COST(X,Y)  ((X)->cost < (Y)->cost          \
                                 || ((X)->cost == (Y)->cost     \
                                     && (X)->latency < (Y)->latency))

/* This structure records a sequence of operations.
   `ops' is the number of operations recorded.
   `cost' is their total cost.
   The operations are stored in `op' and the corresponding
   logarithms of the integer coefficients in `log'.

   These are the operations:
   alg_zero             total := 0;
   alg_m                total := multiplicand;
   alg_shift            total := total * coeff
   alg_add_t_m2         total := total + multiplicand * coeff;
   alg_sub_t_m2         total := total - multiplicand * coeff;
   alg_add_factor       total := total * coeff + total;
   alg_sub_factor       total := total * coeff - total;
   alg_add_t2_m         total := total * coeff + multiplicand;
   alg_sub_t2_m         total := total * coeff - multiplicand;

   The first operand must be either alg_zero or alg_m.  */

struct algorithm
{
  struct mult_cost cost;
  short ops;
  /* The size of the OP and LOG fields are not directly related to the
     word size, but the worst-case algorithms will be if we have few
     consecutive ones or zeros, i.e., a multiplicand like 10101010101...
     In that case we will generate shift-by-2, add, shift-by-2, add,...,
     in total wordsize operations.  */
  enum alg_code op[MAX_BITS_PER_WORD];
  char log[MAX_BITS_PER_WORD];
};

/* The entry for our multiplication cache/hash table.  */
struct alg_hash_entry {
  /* The number we are multiplying by.  */
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT t;

  /* The mode in which we are multiplying something by T.  */
  enum machine_mode mode;

  /* The best multiplication algorithm for t.  */
  enum alg_code alg;

  /* The cost of multiplication if ALG_CODE is not alg_impossible.
     Otherwise, the cost within which multiplication by T is
     impossible.  */
  struct mult_cost cost;

  /* OPtimized for speed? */
  bool speed;
};

/* The number of cache/hash entries.  */
#if HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT == 64
#define NUM_ALG_HASH_ENTRIES 1031
#else
#define NUM_ALG_HASH_ENTRIES 307
#endif

/* Each entry of ALG_HASH caches alg_code for some integer.  This is
   actually a hash table.  If we have a collision, that the older
   entry is kicked out.  */
static struct alg_hash_entry alg_hash[NUM_ALG_HASH_ENTRIES];

/* Indicates the type of fixup needed after a constant multiplication.
   BASIC_VARIANT means no fixup is needed, NEGATE_VARIANT means that
   the result should be negated, and ADD_VARIANT means that the
   multiplicand should be added to the result.  */
enum mult_variant {basic_variant, negate_variant, add_variant};

static void synth_mult (struct algorithm *, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT,
                        const struct mult_cost *, enum machine_mode mode);
static bool choose_mult_variant (enum machine_mode, HOST_WIDE_INT,
                                 struct algorithm *, enum mult_variant *, int);
static rtx expand_mult_const (enum machine_mode, rtx, HOST_WIDE_INT, rtx,
                              const struct algorithm *, enum mult_variant);
static unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT choose_multiplier (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT, int,
                                                 int, rtx *, int *, int *);
static unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT invert_mod2n (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT, int);
static rtx extract_high_half (enum machine_mode, rtx);
static rtx expand_mult_highpart (enum machine_mode, rtx, rtx, rtx, int, int);
static rtx expand_mult_highpart_optab (enum machine_mode, rtx, rtx, rtx,
                                       int, int);
/* Compute and return the best algorithm for multiplying by T.
   The algorithm must cost less than cost_limit
   If retval.cost >= COST_LIMIT, no algorithm was found and all
   other field of the returned struct are undefined.
   MODE is the machine mode of the multiplication.  */

static void
synth_mult (struct algorithm *alg_out, unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT t,
            const struct mult_cost *cost_limit, enum machine_mode mode)
{
  int m;
  struct algorithm *alg_in, *best_alg;
  struct mult_cost best_cost;
  struct mult_cost new_limit;
  int op_cost, op_latency;
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT orig_t = t;
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT q;
  int maxm = MIN (BITS_PER_WORD, GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode));
  int hash_index;
  bool cache_hit = false;
  enum alg_code cache_alg = alg_zero;
  bool speed = optimize_insn_for_speed_p ();

  /* Indicate that no algorithm is yet found.  If no algorithm
     is found, this value will be returned and indicate failure.  */
  alg_out->cost.cost = cost_limit->cost + 1;
  alg_out->cost.latency = cost_limit->latency + 1;

  if (cost_limit->cost < 0
      || (cost_limit->cost == 0 && cost_limit->latency <= 0))
    return;

  /* Restrict the bits of "t" to the multiplication's mode.  */
  t &= GET_MODE_MASK (mode);

  /* t == 1 can be done in zero cost.  */
  if (t == 1)
    {
      alg_out->ops = 1;
      alg_out->cost.cost = 0;
      alg_out->cost.latency = 0;
      alg_out->op[0] = alg_m;
      return;
    }

  /* t == 0 sometimes has a cost.  If it does and it exceeds our limit,
     fail now.  */
  if (t == 0)
    {
      if (MULT_COST_LESS (cost_limit, zero_cost[speed]))
        return;
      else
        {
          alg_out->ops = 1;
          alg_out->cost.cost = zero_cost[speed];
          alg_out->cost.latency = zero_cost[speed];
          alg_out->op[0] = alg_zero;
          return;
        }
    }

  /* We'll be needing a couple extra algorithm structures now.  */

  alg_in = XALLOCA (struct algorithm);
  best_alg = XALLOCA (struct algorithm);
  best_cost = *cost_limit;

  /* Compute the hash index.  */
  hash_index = (t ^ (unsigned int) mode ^ (speed * 256)) % NUM_ALG_HASH_ENTRIES;

  /* See if we already know what to do for T.  */
  if (alg_hash[hash_index].t == t
      && alg_hash[hash_index].mode == mode
      && alg_hash[hash_index].mode == mode
      && alg_hash[hash_index].speed == speed
      && alg_hash[hash_index].alg != alg_unknown)
    {
      cache_alg = alg_hash[hash_index].alg;

      if (cache_alg == alg_impossible)
        {
          /* The cache tells us that it's impossible to synthesize
             multiplication by T within alg_hash[hash_index].cost.  */
          if (!CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_hash[hash_index].cost, cost_limit))
            /* COST_LIMIT is at least as restrictive as the one
               recorded in the hash table, in which case we have no
               hope of synthesizing a multiplication.  Just
               return.  */
            return;

          /* If we get here, COST_LIMIT is less restrictive than the
             one recorded in the hash table, so we may be able to
             synthesize a multiplication.  Proceed as if we didn't
             have the cache entry.  */
        }
      else
        {
          if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (cost_limit, &alg_hash[hash_index].cost))
            /* The cached algorithm shows that this multiplication
               requires more cost than COST_LIMIT.  Just return.  This
               way, we don't clobber this cache entry with
               alg_impossible but retain useful information.  */
            return;

          cache_hit = true;

          switch (cache_alg)
            {
            case alg_shift:
              goto do_alg_shift;

            case alg_add_t_m2:
            case alg_sub_t_m2:
              goto do_alg_addsub_t_m2;

            case alg_add_factor:
            case alg_sub_factor:
              goto do_alg_addsub_factor;

            case alg_add_t2_m:
              goto do_alg_add_t2_m;

            case alg_sub_t2_m:
              goto do_alg_sub_t2_m;

            default:
              gcc_unreachable ();
            }
        }
    }

  /* If we have a group of zero bits at the low-order part of T, try
     multiplying by the remaining bits and then doing a shift.  */

  if ((t & 1) == 0)
    {
    do_alg_shift:
      m = floor_log2 (t & -t);  /* m = number of low zero bits */
      if (m < maxm)
        {
          q = t >> m;
          /* The function expand_shift will choose between a shift and
             a sequence of additions, so the observed cost is given as
             MIN (m * add_cost[speed][mode], shift_cost[speed][mode][m]).  */
          op_cost = m * add_cost[speed][mode];
          if (shift_cost[speed][mode][m] < op_cost)
            op_cost = shift_cost[speed][mode][m];
          new_limit.cost = best_cost.cost - op_cost;
          new_limit.latency = best_cost.latency - op_cost;
          synth_mult (alg_in, q, &new_limit, mode);

          alg_in->cost.cost += op_cost;
          alg_in->cost.latency += op_cost;
          if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_in->cost, &best_cost))
            {
              struct algorithm *x;
              best_cost = alg_in->cost;
              x = alg_in, alg_in = best_alg, best_alg = x;
              best_alg->log[best_alg->ops] = m;
              best_alg->op[best_alg->ops] = alg_shift;
            }

          /* See if treating ORIG_T as a signed number yields a better
             sequence.  Try this sequence only for a negative ORIG_T
             as it would be useless for a non-negative ORIG_T.  */
          if ((HOST_WIDE_INT) orig_t < 0)
            {
              /* Shift ORIG_T as follows because a right shift of a
                 negative-valued signed type is implementation
                 defined.  */
              q = ~(~orig_t >> m);
              /* The function expand_shift will choose between a shift
                 and a sequence of additions, so the observed cost is
                 given as MIN (m * add_cost[speed][mode],
                 shift_cost[speed][mode][m]).  */
              op_cost = m * add_cost[speed][mode];
              if (shift_cost[speed][mode][m] < op_cost)
                op_cost = shift_cost[speed][mode][m];
              new_limit.cost = best_cost.cost - op_cost;
              new_limit.latency = best_cost.latency - op_cost;
              synth_mult (alg_in, q, &new_limit, mode);

              alg_in->cost.cost += op_cost;
              alg_in->cost.latency += op_cost;
              if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_in->cost, &best_cost))
                {
                  struct algorithm *x;
                  best_cost = alg_in->cost;
                  x = alg_in, alg_in = best_alg, best_alg = x;
                  best_alg->log[best_alg->ops] = m;
                  best_alg->op[best_alg->ops] = alg_shift;
                }
            }
        }
      if (cache_hit)
        goto done;
    }

  /* If we have an odd number, add or subtract one.  */
  if ((t & 1) != 0)
    {
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT w;

    do_alg_addsub_t_m2:
      for (w = 1; (w & t) != 0; w <<= 1)
        ;
      /* If T was -1, then W will be zero after the loop.  This is another
         case where T ends with ...111.  Handling this with (T + 1) and
         subtract 1 produces slightly better code and results in algorithm
         selection much faster than treating it like the ...0111 case
         below.  */
      if (w == 0
          || (w > 2
              /* Reject the case where t is 3.
                 Thus we prefer addition in that case.  */
              && t != 3))
        {
          /* T ends with ...111.  Multiply by (T + 1) and subtract 1.  */

          op_cost = add_cost[speed][mode];
          new_limit.cost = best_cost.cost - op_cost;
          new_limit.latency = best_cost.latency - op_cost;
          synth_mult (alg_in, t + 1, &new_limit, mode);

          alg_in->cost.cost += op_cost;
          alg_in->cost.latency += op_cost;
          if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_in->cost, &best_cost))
            {
              struct algorithm *x;
              best_cost = alg_in->cost;
              x = alg_in, alg_in = best_alg, best_alg = x;
              best_alg->log[best_alg->ops] = 0;
              best_alg->op[best_alg->ops] = alg_sub_t_m2;
            }
        }
      else
        {
          /* T ends with ...01 or ...011.  Multiply by (T - 1) and add 1.  */

          op_cost = add_cost[speed][mode];
          new_limit.cost = best_cost.cost - op_cost;
          new_limit.latency = best_cost.latency - op_cost;
          synth_mult (alg_in, t - 1, &new_limit, mode);

          alg_in->cost.cost += op_cost;
          alg_in->cost.latency += op_cost;
          if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_in->cost, &best_cost))
            {
              struct algorithm *x;
              best_cost = alg_in->cost;
              x = alg_in, alg_in = best_alg, best_alg = x;
              best_alg->log[best_alg->ops] = 0;
              best_alg->op[best_alg->ops] = alg_add_t_m2;
            }
        }

      /* We may be able to calculate a * -7, a * -15, a * -31, etc
         quickly with a - a * n for some appropriate constant n.  */
      m = exact_log2 (-orig_t + 1);
      if (m >= 0 && m < maxm)
        {
          op_cost = shiftsub1_cost[speed][mode][m];
          new_limit.cost = best_cost.cost - op_cost;
          new_limit.latency = best_cost.latency - op_cost;
          synth_mult (alg_in, (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) (-orig_t + 1) >> m, &new_limit, mode);

          alg_in->cost.cost += op_cost;
          alg_in->cost.latency += op_cost;
          if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_in->cost, &best_cost))
            {
              struct algorithm *x;
              best_cost = alg_in->cost;
              x = alg_in, alg_in = best_alg, best_alg = x;
              best_alg->log[best_alg->ops] = m;
              best_alg->op[best_alg->ops] = alg_sub_t_m2;
            }
        }

      if (cache_hit)
        goto done;
    }

  /* Look for factors of t of the form
     t = q(2**m +- 1), 2 <= m <= floor(log2(t - 1)).
     If we find such a factor, we can multiply by t using an algorithm that
     multiplies by q, shift the result by m and add/subtract it to itself.

     We search for large factors first and loop down, even if large factors
     are less probable than small; if we find a large factor we will find a
     good sequence quickly, and therefore be able to prune (by decreasing
     COST_LIMIT) the search.  */

 do_alg_addsub_factor:
  for (m = floor_log2 (t - 1); m >= 2; m--)
    {
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT d;

      d = ((unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << m) + 1;
      if (t % d == 0 && t > d && m < maxm
          && (!cache_hit || cache_alg == alg_add_factor))
        {
          /* If the target has a cheap shift-and-add instruction use
             that in preference to a shift insn followed by an add insn.
             Assume that the shift-and-add is "atomic" with a latency
             equal to its cost, otherwise assume that on superscalar
             hardware the shift may be executed concurrently with the
             earlier steps in the algorithm.  */
          op_cost = add_cost[speed][mode] + shift_cost[speed][mode][m];
          if (shiftadd_cost[speed][mode][m] < op_cost)
            {
              op_cost = shiftadd_cost[speed][mode][m];
              op_latency = op_cost;
            }
          else
            op_latency = add_cost[speed][mode];

          new_limit.cost = best_cost.cost - op_cost;
          new_limit.latency = best_cost.latency - op_latency;
          synth_mult (alg_in, t / d, &new_limit, mode);

          alg_in->cost.cost += op_cost;
          alg_in->cost.latency += op_latency;
          if (alg_in->cost.latency < op_cost)
            alg_in->cost.latency = op_cost;
          if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_in->cost, &best_cost))
            {
              struct algorithm *x;
              best_cost = alg_in->cost;
              x = alg_in, alg_in = best_alg, best_alg = x;
              best_alg->log[best_alg->ops] = m;
              best_alg->op[best_alg->ops] = alg_add_factor;
            }
          /* Other factors will have been taken care of in the recursion.  */
          break;
        }

      d = ((unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << m) - 1;
      if (t % d == 0 && t > d && m < maxm
          && (!cache_hit || cache_alg == alg_sub_factor))
        {
          /* If the target has a cheap shift-and-subtract insn use
             that in preference to a shift insn followed by a sub insn.
             Assume that the shift-and-sub is "atomic" with a latency
             equal to it's cost, otherwise assume that on superscalar
             hardware the shift may be executed concurrently with the
             earlier steps in the algorithm.  */
          op_cost = add_cost[speed][mode] + shift_cost[speed][mode][m];
          if (shiftsub0_cost[speed][mode][m] < op_cost)
            {
              op_cost = shiftsub0_cost[speed][mode][m];
              op_latency = op_cost;
            }
          else
            op_latency = add_cost[speed][mode];

          new_limit.cost = best_cost.cost - op_cost;
          new_limit.latency = best_cost.latency - op_latency;
          synth_mult (alg_in, t / d, &new_limit, mode);

          alg_in->cost.cost += op_cost;
          alg_in->cost.latency += op_latency;
          if (alg_in->cost.latency < op_cost)
            alg_in->cost.latency = op_cost;
          if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_in->cost, &best_cost))
            {
              struct algorithm *x;
              best_cost = alg_in->cost;
              x = alg_in, alg_in = best_alg, best_alg = x;
              best_alg->log[best_alg->ops] = m;
              best_alg->op[best_alg->ops] = alg_sub_factor;
            }
          break;
        }
    }
  if (cache_hit)
    goto done;

  /* Try shift-and-add (load effective address) instructions,
     i.e. do a*3, a*5, a*9.  */
  if ((t & 1) != 0)
    {
    do_alg_add_t2_m:
      q = t - 1;
      q = q & -q;
      m = exact_log2 (q);
      if (m >= 0 && m < maxm)
        {
          op_cost = shiftadd_cost[speed][mode][m];
          new_limit.cost = best_cost.cost - op_cost;
          new_limit.latency = best_cost.latency - op_cost;
          synth_mult (alg_in, (t - 1) >> m, &new_limit, mode);

          alg_in->cost.cost += op_cost;
          alg_in->cost.latency += op_cost;
          if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_in->cost, &best_cost))
            {
              struct algorithm *x;
              best_cost = alg_in->cost;
              x = alg_in, alg_in = best_alg, best_alg = x;
              best_alg->log[best_alg->ops] = m;
              best_alg->op[best_alg->ops] = alg_add_t2_m;
            }
        }
      if (cache_hit)
        goto done;

    do_alg_sub_t2_m:
      q = t + 1;
      q = q & -q;
      m = exact_log2 (q);
      if (m >= 0 && m < maxm)
        {
          op_cost = shiftsub0_cost[speed][mode][m];
          new_limit.cost = best_cost.cost - op_cost;
          new_limit.latency = best_cost.latency - op_cost;
          synth_mult (alg_in, (t + 1) >> m, &new_limit, mode);

          alg_in->cost.cost += op_cost;
          alg_in->cost.latency += op_cost;
          if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg_in->cost, &best_cost))
            {
              struct algorithm *x;
              best_cost = alg_in->cost;
              x = alg_in, alg_in = best_alg, best_alg = x;
              best_alg->log[best_alg->ops] = m;
              best_alg->op[best_alg->ops] = alg_sub_t2_m;
            }
        }
      if (cache_hit)
        goto done;
    }

 done:
  /* If best_cost has not decreased, we have not found any algorithm.  */
  if (!CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&best_cost, cost_limit))
    {
      /* We failed to find an algorithm.  Record alg_impossible for
         this case (that is, <T, MODE, COST_LIMIT>) so that next time
         we are asked to find an algorithm for T within the same or
         lower COST_LIMIT, we can immediately return to the
         caller.  */
      alg_hash[hash_index].t = t;
      alg_hash[hash_index].mode = mode;
      alg_hash[hash_index].speed = speed;
      alg_hash[hash_index].alg = alg_impossible;
      alg_hash[hash_index].cost = *cost_limit;
      return;
    }

  /* Cache the result.  */
  if (!cache_hit)
    {
      alg_hash[hash_index].t = t;
      alg_hash[hash_index].mode = mode;
      alg_hash[hash_index].speed = speed;
      alg_hash[hash_index].alg = best_alg->op[best_alg->ops];
      alg_hash[hash_index].cost.cost = best_cost.cost;
      alg_hash[hash_index].cost.latency = best_cost.latency;
    }

  /* If we are getting a too long sequence for `struct algorithm'
     to record, make this search fail.  */
  if (best_alg->ops == MAX_BITS_PER_WORD)
    return;

  /* Copy the algorithm from temporary space to the space at alg_out.
     We avoid using structure assignment because the majority of
     best_alg is normally undefined, and this is a critical function.  */
  alg_out->ops = best_alg->ops + 1;
  alg_out->cost = best_cost;
  memcpy (alg_out->op, best_alg->op,
          alg_out->ops * sizeof *alg_out->op);
  memcpy (alg_out->log, best_alg->log,
          alg_out->ops * sizeof *alg_out->log);
}
\f
/* Find the cheapest way of multiplying a value of mode MODE by VAL.
   Try three variations:

       - a shift/add sequence based on VAL itself
       - a shift/add sequence based on -VAL, followed by a negation
       - a shift/add sequence based on VAL - 1, followed by an addition.

   Return true if the cheapest of these cost less than MULT_COST,
   describing the algorithm in *ALG and final fixup in *VARIANT.  */

static bool
choose_mult_variant (enum machine_mode mode, HOST_WIDE_INT val,
                     struct algorithm *alg, enum mult_variant *variant,
                     int mult_cost)
{
  struct algorithm alg2;
  struct mult_cost limit;
  int op_cost;
  bool speed = optimize_insn_for_speed_p ();

  /* Fail quickly for impossible bounds.  */
  if (mult_cost < 0)
    return false;

  /* Ensure that mult_cost provides a reasonable upper bound.
     Any constant multiplication can be performed with less
     than 2 * bits additions.  */
  op_cost = 2 * GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) * add_cost[speed][mode];
  if (mult_cost > op_cost)
    mult_cost = op_cost;

  *variant = basic_variant;
  limit.cost = mult_cost;
  limit.latency = mult_cost;
  synth_mult (alg, val, &limit, mode);

  /* This works only if the inverted value actually fits in an
     `unsigned int' */
  if (HOST_BITS_PER_INT >= GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode))
    {
      op_cost = neg_cost[speed][mode];
      if (MULT_COST_LESS (&alg->cost, mult_cost))
        {
          limit.cost = alg->cost.cost - op_cost;
          limit.latency = alg->cost.latency - op_cost;
        }
      else
        {
          limit.cost = mult_cost - op_cost;
          limit.latency = mult_cost - op_cost;
        }

      synth_mult (&alg2, -val, &limit, mode);
      alg2.cost.cost += op_cost;
      alg2.cost.latency += op_cost;
      if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg2.cost, &alg->cost))
        *alg = alg2, *variant = negate_variant;
    }

  /* This proves very useful for division-by-constant.  */
  op_cost = add_cost[speed][mode];
  if (MULT_COST_LESS (&alg->cost, mult_cost))
    {
      limit.cost = alg->cost.cost - op_cost;
      limit.latency = alg->cost.latency - op_cost;
    }
  else
    {
      limit.cost = mult_cost - op_cost;
      limit.latency = mult_cost - op_cost;
    }

  synth_mult (&alg2, val - 1, &limit, mode);
  alg2.cost.cost += op_cost;
  alg2.cost.latency += op_cost;
  if (CHEAPER_MULT_COST (&alg2.cost, &alg->cost))
    *alg = alg2, *variant = add_variant;

  return MULT_COST_LESS (&alg->cost, mult_cost);
}

/* A subroutine of expand_mult, used for constant multiplications.
   Multiply OP0 by VAL in mode MODE, storing the result in TARGET if
   convenient.  Use the shift/add sequence described by ALG and apply
   the final fixup specified by VARIANT.  */

static rtx
expand_mult_const (enum machine_mode mode, rtx op0, HOST_WIDE_INT val,
                   rtx target, const struct algorithm *alg,
                   enum mult_variant variant)
{
  HOST_WIDE_INT val_so_far;
  rtx insn, accum, tem;
  int opno;
  enum machine_mode nmode;

  /* Avoid referencing memory over and over and invalid sharing
     on SUBREGs.  */
  op0 = force_reg (mode, op0);

  /* ACCUM starts out either as OP0 or as a zero, depending on
     the first operation.  */

  if (alg->op[0] == alg_zero)
    {
      accum = copy_to_mode_reg (mode, const0_rtx);
      val_so_far = 0;
    }
  else if (alg->op[0] == alg_m)
    {
      accum = copy_to_mode_reg (mode, op0);
      val_so_far = 1;
    }
  else
    gcc_unreachable ();

  for (opno = 1; opno < alg->ops; opno++)
    {
      int log = alg->log[opno];
      rtx shift_subtarget = optimize ? 0 : accum;
      rtx add_target
        = (opno == alg->ops - 1 && target != 0 && variant != add_variant
           && !optimize)
          ? target : 0;
      rtx accum_target = optimize ? 0 : accum;

      switch (alg->op[opno])
        {
        case alg_shift:
          accum = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, accum,
                                build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, log),
                                NULL_RTX, 0);
          val_so_far <<= log;
          break;

        case alg_add_t_m2:
          tem = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, op0,
                              build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, log),
                              NULL_RTX, 0);
          accum = force_operand (gen_rtx_PLUS (mode, accum, tem),
                                 add_target ? add_target : accum_target);
          val_so_far += (HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << log;
          break;

        case alg_sub_t_m2:
          tem = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, op0,
                              build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, log),
                              NULL_RTX, 0);
          accum = force_operand (gen_rtx_MINUS (mode, accum, tem),
                                 add_target ? add_target : accum_target);
          val_so_far -= (HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << log;
          break;

        case alg_add_t2_m:
          accum = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, accum,
                                build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, log),
                                shift_subtarget,
                                0);
          accum = force_operand (gen_rtx_PLUS (mode, accum, op0),
                                 add_target ? add_target : accum_target);
          val_so_far = (val_so_far << log) + 1;
          break;

        case alg_sub_t2_m:
          accum = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, accum,
                                build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, log),
                                shift_subtarget, 0);
          accum = force_operand (gen_rtx_MINUS (mode, accum, op0),
                                 add_target ? add_target : accum_target);
          val_so_far = (val_so_far << log) - 1;
          break;

        case alg_add_factor:
          tem = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, accum,
                              build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, log),
                              NULL_RTX, 0);
          accum = force_operand (gen_rtx_PLUS (mode, accum, tem),
                                 add_target ? add_target : accum_target);
          val_so_far += val_so_far << log;
          break;

        case alg_sub_factor:
          tem = expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, accum,
                              build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, log),
                              NULL_RTX, 0);
          accum = force_operand (gen_rtx_MINUS (mode, tem, accum),
                                 (add_target
                                  ? add_target : (optimize ? 0 : tem)));
          val_so_far = (val_so_far << log) - val_so_far;
          break;

        default:
          gcc_unreachable ();
        }

      /* Write a REG_EQUAL note on the last insn so that we can cse
         multiplication sequences.  Note that if ACCUM is a SUBREG,
         we've set the inner register and must properly indicate
         that.  */

      tem = op0, nmode = mode;
      if (GET_CODE (accum) == SUBREG)
        {
          nmode = GET_MODE (SUBREG_REG (accum));
          tem = gen_lowpart (nmode, op0);
        }

      insn = get_last_insn ();
      set_unique_reg_note (insn, REG_EQUAL,
                           gen_rtx_MULT (nmode, tem,
                                         GEN_INT (val_so_far)));
    }

  if (variant == negate_variant)
    {
      val_so_far = -val_so_far;
      accum = expand_unop (mode, neg_optab, accum, target, 0);
    }
  else if (variant == add_variant)
    {
      val_so_far = val_so_far + 1;
      accum = force_operand (gen_rtx_PLUS (mode, accum, op0), target);
    }

  /* Compare only the bits of val and val_so_far that are significant
     in the result mode, to avoid sign-/zero-extension confusion.  */
  val &= GET_MODE_MASK (mode);
  val_so_far &= GET_MODE_MASK (mode);
  gcc_assert (val == val_so_far);

  return accum;
}

/* Perform a multiplication and return an rtx for the result.
   MODE is mode of value; OP0 and OP1 are what to multiply (rtx's);
   TARGET is a suggestion for where to store the result (an rtx).

   We check specially for a constant integer as OP1.
   If you want this check for OP0 as well, then before calling
   you should swap the two operands if OP0 would be constant.  */

rtx
expand_mult (enum machine_mode mode, rtx op0, rtx op1, rtx target,
             int unsignedp)
{
  enum mult_variant variant;
  struct algorithm algorithm;
  int max_cost;
  bool speed = optimize_insn_for_speed_p ();

  /* Handling const0_rtx here allows us to use zero as a rogue value for
     coeff below.  */
  if (op1 == const0_rtx)
    return const0_rtx;
  if (op1 == const1_rtx)
    return op0;
  if (op1 == constm1_rtx)
    return expand_unop (mode,
                        GET_MODE_CLASS (mode) == MODE_INT
                        && !unsignedp && flag_trapv
                        ? negv_optab : neg_optab,
                        op0, target, 0);

  /* These are the operations that are potentially turned into a sequence
     of shifts and additions.  */
  if (SCALAR_INT_MODE_P (mode)
      && (unsignedp || !flag_trapv))
    {
      HOST_WIDE_INT coeff = 0;
      rtx fake_reg = gen_raw_REG (mode, LAST_VIRTUAL_REGISTER + 1);

      /* synth_mult does an `unsigned int' multiply.  As long as the mode is
         less than or equal in size to `unsigned int' this doesn't matter.
         If the mode is larger than `unsigned int', then synth_mult works
         only if the constant value exactly fits in an `unsigned int' without
         any truncation.  This means that multiplying by negative values does
         not work; results are off by 2^32 on a 32 bit machine.  */

      if (CONST_INT_P (op1))
        {
          /* Attempt to handle multiplication of DImode values by negative
             coefficients, by performing the multiplication by a positive
             multiplier and then inverting the result.  */
          if (INTVAL (op1) < 0
              && GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) > HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT)
            {
              /* Its safe to use -INTVAL (op1) even for INT_MIN, as the
                 result is interpreted as an unsigned coefficient.
                 Exclude cost of op0 from max_cost to match the cost
                 calculation of the synth_mult.  */
              max_cost = rtx_cost (gen_rtx_MULT (mode, fake_reg, op1), SET, speed)
                         - neg_cost[speed][mode];
              if (max_cost > 0
                  && choose_mult_variant (mode, -INTVAL (op1), &algorithm,
                                          &variant, max_cost))
                {
                  rtx temp = expand_mult_const (mode, op0, -INTVAL (op1),
                                                NULL_RTX, &algorithm,
                                                variant);
                  return expand_unop (mode, neg_optab, temp, target, 0);
                }
            }
          else coeff = INTVAL (op1);
        }
      else if (GET_CODE (op1) == CONST_DOUBLE)
        {
          /* If we are multiplying in DImode, it may still be a win
             to try to work with shifts and adds.  */
          if (CONST_DOUBLE_HIGH (op1) == 0
              && CONST_DOUBLE_LOW (op1) > 0)
            coeff = CONST_DOUBLE_LOW (op1);
          else if (CONST_DOUBLE_LOW (op1) == 0
                   && EXACT_POWER_OF_2_OR_ZERO_P (CONST_DOUBLE_HIGH (op1)))
            {
              int shift = floor_log2 (CONST_DOUBLE_HIGH (op1))
                          + HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT;
              return expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, op0,
                                   build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, shift),
                                   target, unsignedp);
            }
        }

      /* We used to test optimize here, on the grounds that it's better to
         produce a smaller program when -O is not used.  But this causes
         such a terrible slowdown sometimes that it seems better to always
         use synth_mult.  */
      if (coeff != 0)
        {
          /* Special case powers of two.  */
          if (EXACT_POWER_OF_2_OR_ZERO_P (coeff))
            return expand_shift (LSHIFT_EXPR, mode, op0,
                                 build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, floor_log2 (coeff)),
                                 target, unsignedp);

          /* Exclude cost of op0 from max_cost to match the cost
             calculation of the synth_mult.  */
          max_cost = rtx_cost (gen_rtx_MULT (mode, fake_reg, op1), SET, speed);
          if (choose_mult_variant (mode, coeff, &algorithm, &variant,
                                   max_cost))
            return expand_mult_const (mode, op0, coeff, target,
                                      &algorithm, variant);
        }
    }

  if (GET_CODE (op0) == CONST_DOUBLE)
    {
      rtx temp = op0;
      op0 = op1;
      op1 = temp;
    }

  /* Expand x*2.0 as x+x.  */
  if (GET_CODE (op1) == CONST_DOUBLE
      && SCALAR_FLOAT_MODE_P (mode))
    {
      REAL_VALUE_TYPE d;
      REAL_VALUE_FROM_CONST_DOUBLE (d, op1);

      if (REAL_VALUES_EQUAL (d, dconst2))
        {
          op0 = force_reg (GET_MODE (op0), op0);
          return expand_binop (mode, add_optab, op0, op0,
                               target, unsignedp, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
        }
    }

  /* This used to use umul_optab if unsigned, but for non-widening multiply
     there is no difference between signed and unsigned.  */
  op0 = expand_binop (mode,
                      ! unsignedp
                      && flag_trapv && (GET_MODE_CLASS(mode) == MODE_INT)
                      ? smulv_optab : smul_optab,
                      op0, op1, target, unsignedp, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
  gcc_assert (op0);
  return op0;
}
\f
/* Return the smallest n such that 2**n >= X.  */

int
ceil_log2 (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT x)
{
  return floor_log2 (x - 1) + 1;
}

/* Choose a minimal N + 1 bit approximation to 1/D that can be used to
   replace division by D, and put the least significant N bits of the result
   in *MULTIPLIER_PTR and return the most significant bit.

   The width of operations is N (should be <= HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT), the
   needed precision is in PRECISION (should be <= N).

   PRECISION should be as small as possible so this function can choose
   multiplier more freely.

   The rounded-up logarithm of D is placed in *lgup_ptr.  A shift count that
   is to be used for a final right shift is placed in *POST_SHIFT_PTR.

   Using this function, x/D will be equal to (x * m) >> (*POST_SHIFT_PTR),
   where m is the full HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT + 1 bit multiplier.  */

static
unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT
choose_multiplier (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT d, int n, int precision,
                   rtx *multiplier_ptr, int *post_shift_ptr, int *lgup_ptr)
{
  HOST_WIDE_INT mhigh_hi, mlow_hi;
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT mhigh_lo, mlow_lo;
  int lgup, post_shift;
  int pow, pow2;
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT nl, dummy1;
  HOST_WIDE_INT nh, dummy2;

  /* lgup = ceil(log2(divisor)); */
  lgup = ceil_log2 (d);

  gcc_assert (lgup <= n);

  pow = n + lgup;
  pow2 = n + lgup - precision;

  /* We could handle this with some effort, but this case is much
     better handled directly with a scc insn, so rely on caller using
     that.  */
  gcc_assert (pow != 2 * HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT);

  /* mlow = 2^(N + lgup)/d */
 if (pow >= HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT)
    {
      nh = (HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << (pow - HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT);
      nl = 0;
    }
  else
    {
      nh = 0;
      nl = (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << pow;
    }
  div_and_round_double (TRUNC_DIV_EXPR, 1, nl, nh, d, (HOST_WIDE_INT) 0,
                        &mlow_lo, &mlow_hi, &dummy1, &dummy2);

  /* mhigh = (2^(N + lgup) + 2^N + lgup - precision)/d */
  if (pow2 >= HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT)
    nh |= (HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << (pow2 - HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT);
  else
    nl |= (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << pow2;
  div_and_round_double (TRUNC_DIV_EXPR, 1, nl, nh, d, (HOST_WIDE_INT) 0,
                        &mhigh_lo, &mhigh_hi, &dummy1, &dummy2);

  gcc_assert (!mhigh_hi || nh - d < d);
  gcc_assert (mhigh_hi <= 1 && mlow_hi <= 1);
  /* Assert that mlow < mhigh.  */
  gcc_assert (mlow_hi < mhigh_hi
              || (mlow_hi == mhigh_hi && mlow_lo < mhigh_lo));

  /* If precision == N, then mlow, mhigh exceed 2^N
     (but they do not exceed 2^(N+1)).  */

  /* Reduce to lowest terms.  */
  for (post_shift = lgup; post_shift > 0; post_shift--)
    {
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT ml_lo = (mlow_hi << (HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT - 1)) | (mlow_lo >> 1);
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT mh_lo = (mhigh_hi << (HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT - 1)) | (mhigh_lo >> 1);
      if (ml_lo >= mh_lo)
        break;

      mlow_hi = 0;
      mlow_lo = ml_lo;
      mhigh_hi = 0;
      mhigh_lo = mh_lo;
    }

  *post_shift_ptr = post_shift;
  *lgup_ptr = lgup;
  if (n < HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT)
    {
      unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT mask = ((unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << n) - 1;
      *multiplier_ptr = GEN_INT (mhigh_lo & mask);
      return mhigh_lo >= mask;
    }
  else
    {
      *multiplier_ptr = GEN_INT (mhigh_lo);
      return mhigh_hi;
    }
}

/* Compute the inverse of X mod 2**n, i.e., find Y such that X * Y is
   congruent to 1 (mod 2**N).  */

static unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT
invert_mod2n (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT x, int n)
{
  /* Solve x*y == 1 (mod 2^n), where x is odd.  Return y.  */

  /* The algorithm notes that the choice y = x satisfies
     x*y == 1 mod 2^3, since x is assumed odd.
     Each iteration doubles the number of bits of significance in y.  */

  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT mask;
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT y = x;
  int nbit = 3;

  mask = (n == HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT
          ? ~(unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) 0
          : ((unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << n) - 1);

  while (nbit < n)
    {
      y = y * (2 - x*y) & mask;         /* Modulo 2^N */
      nbit *= 2;
    }
  return y;
}

/* Emit code to adjust ADJ_OPERAND after multiplication of wrong signedness
   flavor of OP0 and OP1.  ADJ_OPERAND is already the high half of the
   product OP0 x OP1.  If UNSIGNEDP is nonzero, adjust the signed product
   to become unsigned, if UNSIGNEDP is zero, adjust the unsigned product to
   become signed.

   The result is put in TARGET if that is convenient.

   MODE is the mode of operation.  */

rtx
expand_mult_highpart_adjust (enum machine_mode mode, rtx adj_operand, rtx op0,
                             rtx op1, rtx target, int unsignedp)
{
  rtx tem;
  enum rtx_code adj_code = unsignedp ? PLUS : MINUS;

  tem = expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, op0,
                      build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - 1),
                      NULL_RTX, 0);
  tem = expand_and (mode, tem, op1, NULL_RTX);
  adj_operand
    = force_operand (gen_rtx_fmt_ee (adj_code, mode, adj_operand, tem),
                     adj_operand);

  tem = expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, op1,
                      build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - 1),
                      NULL_RTX, 0);
  tem = expand_and (mode, tem, op0, NULL_RTX);
  target = force_operand (gen_rtx_fmt_ee (adj_code, mode, adj_operand, tem),
                          target);

  return target;
}

/* Subroutine of expand_mult_highpart.  Return the MODE high part of OP.  */

static rtx
extract_high_half (enum machine_mode mode, rtx op)
{
  enum machine_mode wider_mode;

  if (mode == word_mode)
    return gen_highpart (mode, op);

  gcc_assert (!SCALAR_FLOAT_MODE_P (mode));

  wider_mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (mode);
  op = expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, wider_mode, op,
                     build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode)), 0, 1);
  return convert_modes (mode, wider_mode, op, 0);
}

/* Like expand_mult_highpart, but only consider using a multiplication
   optab.  OP1 is an rtx for the constant operand.  */

static rtx
expand_mult_highpart_optab (enum machine_mode mode, rtx op0, rtx op1,
                            rtx target, int unsignedp, int max_cost)
{
  rtx narrow_op1 = gen_int_mode (INTVAL (op1), mode);
  enum machine_mode wider_mode;
  optab moptab;
  rtx tem;
  int size;
  bool speed = optimize_insn_for_speed_p ();

  gcc_assert (!SCALAR_FLOAT_MODE_P (mode));

  wider_mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (mode);
  size = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode);

  /* Firstly, try using a multiplication insn that only generates the needed
     high part of the product, and in the sign flavor of unsignedp.  */
  if (mul_highpart_cost[speed][mode] < max_cost)
    {
      moptab = unsignedp ? umul_highpart_optab : smul_highpart_optab;
      tem = expand_binop (mode, moptab, op0, narrow_op1, target,
                          unsignedp, OPTAB_DIRECT);
      if (tem)
        return tem;
    }

  /* Secondly, same as above, but use sign flavor opposite of unsignedp.
     Need to adjust the result after the multiplication.  */
  if (size - 1 < BITS_PER_WORD
      && (mul_highpart_cost[speed][mode] + 2 * shift_cost[speed][mode][size-1]
          + 4 * add_cost[speed][mode] < max_cost))
    {
      moptab = unsignedp ? smul_highpart_optab : umul_highpart_optab;
      tem = expand_binop (mode, moptab, op0, narrow_op1, target,
                          unsignedp, OPTAB_DIRECT);
      if (tem)
        /* We used the wrong signedness.  Adjust the result.  */
        return expand_mult_highpart_adjust (mode, tem, op0, narrow_op1,
                                            tem, unsignedp);
    }

  /* Try widening multiplication.  */
  moptab = unsignedp ? umul_widen_optab : smul_widen_optab;
  if (optab_handler (moptab, wider_mode)->insn_code != CODE_FOR_nothing
      && mul_widen_cost[speed][wider_mode] < max_cost)
    {
      tem = expand_binop (wider_mode, moptab, op0, narrow_op1, 0,
                          unsignedp, OPTAB_WIDEN);
      if (tem)
        return extract_high_half (mode, tem);
    }

  /* Try widening the mode and perform a non-widening multiplication.  */
  if (optab_handler (smul_optab, wider_mode)->insn_code != CODE_FOR_nothing
      && size - 1 < BITS_PER_WORD
      && mul_cost[speed][wider_mode] + shift_cost[speed][mode][size-1] < max_cost)
    {
      rtx insns, wop0, wop1;

      /* We need to widen the operands, for example to ensure the
         constant multiplier is correctly sign or zero extended.
         Use a sequence to clean-up any instructions emitted by
         the conversions if things don't work out.  */
      start_sequence ();
      wop0 = convert_modes (wider_mode, mode, op0, unsignedp);
      wop1 = convert_modes (wider_mode, mode, op1, unsignedp);
      tem = expand_binop (wider_mode, smul_optab, wop0, wop1, 0,
                          unsignedp, OPTAB_WIDEN);
      insns = get_insns ();
      end_sequence ();

      if (tem)
        {
          emit_insn (insns);
          return extract_high_half (mode, tem);
        }
    }

  /* Try widening multiplication of opposite signedness, and adjust.  */
  moptab = unsignedp ? smul_widen_optab : umul_widen_optab;
  if (optab_handler (moptab, wider_mode)->insn_code != CODE_FOR_nothing
      && size - 1 < BITS_PER_WORD
      && (mul_widen_cost[speed][wider_mode] + 2 * shift_cost[speed][mode][size-1]
          + 4 * add_cost[speed][mode] < max_cost))
    {
      tem = expand_binop (wider_mode, moptab, op0, narrow_op1,
                          NULL_RTX, ! unsignedp, OPTAB_WIDEN);
      if (tem != 0)
        {
          tem = extract_high_half (mode, tem);
          /* We used the wrong signedness.  Adjust the result.  */
          return expand_mult_highpart_adjust (mode, tem, op0, narrow_op1,
                                              target, unsignedp);
        }
    }

  return 0;
}

/* Emit code to multiply OP0 and OP1 (where OP1 is an integer constant),
   putting the high half of the result in TARGET if that is convenient,
   and return where the result is.  If the operation can not be performed,
   0 is returned.

   MODE is the mode of operation and result.

   UNSIGNEDP nonzero means unsigned multiply.

   MAX_COST is the total allowed cost for the expanded RTL.  */

static rtx
expand_mult_highpart (enum machine_mode mode, rtx op0, rtx op1,
                      rtx target, int unsignedp, int max_cost)
{
  enum machine_mode wider_mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (mode);
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT cnst1;
  int extra_cost;
  bool sign_adjust = false;
  enum mult_variant variant;
  struct algorithm alg;
  rtx tem;
  bool speed = optimize_insn_for_speed_p ();

  gcc_assert (!SCALAR_FLOAT_MODE_P (mode));
  /* We can't support modes wider than HOST_BITS_PER_INT.  */
  gcc_assert (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) <= HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT);

  cnst1 = INTVAL (op1) & GET_MODE_MASK (mode);

  /* We can't optimize modes wider than BITS_PER_WORD.
     ??? We might be able to perform double-word arithmetic if
     mode == word_mode, however all the cost calculations in
     synth_mult etc. assume single-word operations.  */
  if (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (wider_mode) > BITS_PER_WORD)
    return expand_mult_highpart_optab (mode, op0, op1, target,
                                       unsignedp, max_cost);

  extra_cost = shift_cost[speed][mode][GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - 1];

  /* Check whether we try to multiply by a negative constant.  */
  if (!unsignedp && ((cnst1 >> (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - 1)) & 1))
    {
      sign_adjust = true;
      extra_cost += add_cost[speed][mode];
    }

  /* See whether shift/add multiplication is cheap enough.  */
  if (choose_mult_variant (wider_mode, cnst1, &alg, &variant,
                           max_cost - extra_cost))
    {
      /* See whether the specialized multiplication optabs are
         cheaper than the shift/add version.  */
      tem = expand_mult_highpart_optab (mode, op0, op1, target, unsignedp,
                                        alg.cost.cost + extra_cost);
      if (tem)
        return tem;

      tem = convert_to_mode (wider_mode, op0, unsignedp);
      tem = expand_mult_const (wider_mode, tem, cnst1, 0, &alg, variant);
      tem = extract_high_half (mode, tem);

      /* Adjust result for signedness.  */
      if (sign_adjust)
        tem = force_operand (gen_rtx_MINUS (mode, tem, op0), tem);

      return tem;
    }
  return expand_mult_highpart_optab (mode, op0, op1, target,
                                     unsignedp, max_cost);
}


/* Expand signed modulus of OP0 by a power of two D in mode MODE.  */

static rtx
expand_smod_pow2 (enum machine_mode mode, rtx op0, HOST_WIDE_INT d)
{
  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT masklow, maskhigh;
  rtx result, temp, shift, label;
  int logd;

  logd = floor_log2 (d);
  result = gen_reg_rtx (mode);

  /* Avoid conditional branches when they're expensive.  */
  if (BRANCH_COST (optimize_insn_for_speed_p (), false) >= 2
      && optimize_insn_for_speed_p ())
    {
      rtx signmask = emit_store_flag (result, LT, op0, const0_rtx,
                                      mode, 0, -1);
      if (signmask)
        {
          signmask = force_reg (mode, signmask);
          masklow = ((HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << logd) - 1;
          shift = GEN_INT (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - logd);

          /* Use the rtx_cost of a LSHIFTRT instruction to determine
             which instruction sequence to use.  If logical right shifts
             are expensive the use 2 XORs, 2 SUBs and an AND, otherwise
             use a LSHIFTRT, 1 ADD, 1 SUB and an AND.  */

          temp = gen_rtx_LSHIFTRT (mode, result, shift);
          if (optab_handler (lshr_optab, mode)->insn_code == CODE_FOR_nothing
              || rtx_cost (temp, SET, optimize_insn_for_speed_p ()) > COSTS_N_INSNS (2))
            {
              temp = expand_binop (mode, xor_optab, op0, signmask,
                                   NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
              temp = expand_binop (mode, sub_optab, temp, signmask,
                                   NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
              temp = expand_binop (mode, and_optab, temp, GEN_INT (masklow),
                                   NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
              temp = expand_binop (mode, xor_optab, temp, signmask,
                                   NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
              temp = expand_binop (mode, sub_optab, temp, signmask,
                                   NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
            }
          else
            {
              signmask = expand_binop (mode, lshr_optab, signmask, shift,
                                       NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
              signmask = force_reg (mode, signmask);

              temp = expand_binop (mode, add_optab, op0, signmask,
                                   NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
              temp = expand_binop (mode, and_optab, temp, GEN_INT (masklow),
                                   NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
              temp = expand_binop (mode, sub_optab, temp, signmask,
                                   NULL_RTX, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
            }
          return temp;
        }
    }

  /* Mask contains the mode's signbit and the significant bits of the
     modulus.  By including the signbit in the operation, many targets
     can avoid an explicit compare operation in the following comparison
     against zero.  */

  masklow = ((HOST_WIDE_INT) 1 << logd) - 1;
  if (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) <= HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT)
    {
      masklow |= (HOST_WIDE_INT) -1 << (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - 1);
      maskhigh = -1;
    }
  else
    maskhigh = (HOST_WIDE_INT) -1
                 << (GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT - 1);

  temp = expand_binop (mode, and_optab, op0,
                       immed_double_const (masklow, maskhigh, mode),
                       result, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
  if (temp != result)
    emit_move_insn (result, temp);

  label = gen_label_rtx ();
  do_cmp_and_jump (result, const0_rtx, GE, mode, label);

  temp = expand_binop (mode, sub_optab, result, const1_rtx, result,
                       0, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
  masklow = (HOST_WIDE_INT) -1 << logd;
  maskhigh = -1;
  temp = expand_binop (mode, ior_optab, temp,
                       immed_double_const (masklow, maskhigh, mode),
                       result, 1, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
  temp = expand_binop (mode, add_optab, temp, const1_rtx, result,
                       0, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
  if (temp != result)
    emit_move_insn (result, temp);
  emit_label (label);
  return result;
}

/* Expand signed division of OP0 by a power of two D in mode MODE.
   This routine is only called for positive values of D.  */

static rtx
expand_sdiv_pow2 (enum machine_mode mode, rtx op0, HOST_WIDE_INT d)
{
  rtx temp, label;
  tree shift;
  int logd;

  logd = floor_log2 (d);
  shift = build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, logd);

  if (d == 2
      && BRANCH_COST (optimize_insn_for_speed_p (),
                      false) >= 1)
    {
      temp = gen_reg_rtx (mode);
      temp = emit_store_flag (temp, LT, op0, const0_rtx, mode, 0, 1);
      temp = expand_binop (mode, add_optab, temp, op0, NULL_RTX,
                           0, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
      return expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, temp, shift, NULL_RTX, 0);
    }

#ifdef HAVE_conditional_move
  if (BRANCH_COST (optimize_insn_for_speed_p (), false)
      >= 2)
    {
      rtx temp2;

      /* ??? emit_conditional_move forces a stack adjustment via
         compare_from_rtx so, if the sequence is discarded, it will
         be lost.  Do it now instead.  */
      do_pending_stack_adjust ();

      start_sequence ();
      temp2 = copy_to_mode_reg (mode, op0);
      temp = expand_binop (mode, add_optab, temp2, GEN_INT (d-1),
                           NULL_RTX, 0, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
      temp = force_reg (mode, temp);

      /* Construct "temp2 = (temp2 < 0) ? temp : temp2".  */
      temp2 = emit_conditional_move (temp2, LT, temp2, const0_rtx,
                                     mode, temp, temp2, mode, 0);
      if (temp2)
        {
          rtx seq = get_insns ();
          end_sequence ();
          emit_insn (seq);
          return expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, temp2, shift, NULL_RTX, 0);
        }
      end_sequence ();
    }
#endif

  if (BRANCH_COST (optimize_insn_for_speed_p (),
                   false) >= 2)
    {
      int ushift = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode) - logd;

      temp = gen_reg_rtx (mode);
      temp = emit_store_flag (temp, LT, op0, const0_rtx, mode, 0, -1);
      if (shift_cost[optimize_insn_for_speed_p ()][mode][ushift] > COSTS_N_INSNS (1))
        temp = expand_binop (mode, and_optab, temp, GEN_INT (d - 1),
                             NULL_RTX, 0, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
      else
        temp = expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, temp,
                             build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, ushift),
                             NULL_RTX, 1);
      temp = expand_binop (mode, add_optab, temp, op0, NULL_RTX,
                           0, OPTAB_LIB_WIDEN);
      return expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, temp, shift, NULL_RTX, 0);
    }

  label = gen_label_rtx ();
  temp = copy_to_mode_reg (mode, op0);
  do_cmp_and_jump (temp, const0_rtx, GE, mode, label);
  expand_inc (temp, GEN_INT (d - 1));
  emit_label (label);
  return expand_shift (RSHIFT_EXPR, mode, temp, shift, NULL_RTX, 0);
}
\f
/* Emit the code to divide OP0 by OP1, putting the result in TARGET
   if that is convenient, and returning where the result is.
   You may request either the quotient or the remainder as the result;
   specify REM_FLAG nonzero to get the remainder.

   CODE is the expression code for which kind of division this is;
   it controls how rounding is done.  MODE is the machine mode to use.
   UNSIGNEDP nonzero means do unsigned division.  */

/* ??? For CEIL_MOD_EXPR, can compute incorrect remainder with ANDI
   and then correct it by or'ing in missing high bits
   if result of ANDI is nonzero.
   For ROUND_MOD_EXPR, can use ANDI and then sign-extend the result.
   This could optimize to a bfexts instruction.
   But C doesn't use these operations, so their optimizations are
   left for later.  */
/* ??? For modulo, we don't actually need the highpart of the first product,
   the low part will do nicely.  And for small divisors, the second multiply
   can also be a low-part only multiply or even be completely left out.
   E.g. to calculate the remainder of a division by 3 with a 32 bit
   multiply, multiply with 0x55555556 and extract the upper two bits;
   the result is exact for inputs up to 0x1fffffff.
   The input range can be reduced by using cross-sum rules.
   For odd divisors >= 3, the following table gives right shift counts
   so that if a number is shifted by an integer multiple of the given
   amount, the remainder stays the same:
   2, 4, 3, 6, 10, 12, 4, 8, 18, 6, 11, 20, 18, 0, 5, 10, 12, 0, 12, 20,
   14, 12, 23, 21, 8, 0, 20, 18, 0, 0, 6, 12, 0, 22, 0, 18, 20, 30, 0, 0,
   0, 8, 0, 11, 12, 10, 36, 0, 30, 0, 0, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 44, 12, 24, 0,
   20, 0, 7, 14, 0, 18, 36, 0, 0, 46, 60, 0, 42, 0, 15, 24, 20, 0, 0, 33,
   0, 20, 0, 0, 18, 0, 60, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 40, 18, 0, 0, 12

   Cross-sum rules for even numbers can be derived by leaving as many bits
   to the right alone as the divisor has zeros to the right.
   E.g. if x is an unsigned 32 bit number:
   (x mod 12) == (((x & 1023) + ((x >> 8) & ~3)) * 0x15555558 >> 2 * 3) >> 28
   */

rtx
expand_divmod (int rem_flag, enum tree_code code, enum machine_mode mode,
               rtx op0, rtx op1, rtx target, int unsignedp)
{
  enum machine_mode compute_mode;
  rtx tquotient;
  rtx quotient = 0, remainder = 0;
  rtx last;
  int size;
  rtx insn, set;
  optab optab1, optab2;
  int op1_is_constant, op1_is_pow2 = 0;
  int max_cost, extra_cost;
  static HOST_WIDE_INT last_div_const = 0;
  static HOST_WIDE_INT ext_op1;
  bool speed = optimize_insn_for_speed_p ();

  op1_is_constant = CONST_INT_P (op1);
  if (op1_is_constant)
    {
      ext_op1 = INTVAL (op1);
      if (unsignedp)
        ext_op1 &= GET_MODE_MASK (mode);
      op1_is_pow2 = ((EXACT_POWER_OF_2_OR_ZERO_P (ext_op1)
                     || (! unsignedp && EXACT_POWER_OF_2_OR_ZERO_P (-ext_op1))));
    }

  /*
     This is the structure of expand_divmod:

     First comes code to fix up the operands so we can perform the operations
     correctly and efficiently.

     Second comes a switch statement with code specific for each rounding mode.
     For some special operands this code emits all RTL for the desired
     operation, for other cases, it generates only a quotient and stores it in
     QUOTIENT.  The case for trunc division/remainder might leave quotient = 0,
     to indicate that it has not done anything.

     Last comes code that finishes the operation.  If QUOTIENT is set and
     REM_FLAG is set, the remainder is computed as OP0 - QUOTIENT * OP1.  If
     QUOTIENT is not set, it is computed using trunc rounding.

     We try to generate special code for division and remainder when OP1 is a
     constant.  If |OP1| = 2**n we can use shifts and some other fast
     operations.  For other values of OP1, we compute a carefully selected
     fixed-point approximation m = 1/OP1, and generate code that multiplies OP0
     by m.

     In all cases but EXACT_DIV_EXPR, this multiplication requires the upper
     half of the product.  Different strategies for generating the product are
     implemented in expand_mult_highpart.

     If what we actually want is the remainder, we generate that by another
     by-constant multiplication and a subtraction.  */

  /* We shouldn't be called with OP1 == const1_rtx, but some of the
     code below will malfunction if we are, so check here and handle
     the special case if so.  */
  if (op1 == const1_rtx)
    return rem_flag ? const0_rtx : op0;

    /* When dividing by -1, we could get an overflow.
     negv_optab can handle overflows.  */
  if (! unsignedp && op1 == constm1_rtx)
    {
      if (rem_flag)
        return const0_rtx;
      return expand_unop (mode, flag_trapv && GET_MODE_CLASS(mode) == MODE_INT
                          ? negv_optab : neg_optab, op0, target, 0);
    }

  if (target
      /* Don't use the function value register as a target
         since we have to read it as well as write it,
         and function-inlining gets confused by this.  */
      && ((REG_P (target) && REG_FUNCTION_VALUE_P (target))
          /* Don't clobber an operand while doing a multi-step calculation.  */
          || ((rem_flag || op1_is_constant)
              && (reg_mentioned_p (target, op0)
                  || (MEM_P (op0) && MEM_P (target))))
          || reg_mentioned_p (target, op1)
          || (MEM_P (op1) && MEM_P (target))))
    target = 0;

  /* Get the mode in which to perform this computation.  Normally it will
     be MODE, but sometimes we can't do the desired operation in MODE.
     If so, pick a wider mode in which we can do the operation.  Convert
     to that mode at the start to avoid repeated conversions.

     First see what operations we need.  These depend on the expression
     we are evaluating.  (We assume that divxx3 insns exist under the
     same conditions that modxx3 insns and that these insns don't normally
     fail.  If these assumptions are not correct, we may generate less
     efficient code in some cases.)

     Then see if we find a mode in which we can open-code that operation
     (either a division, modulus, or shift).  Finally, check for the smallest
     mode for which we can do the operation with a library call.  */

  /* We might want to refine this now that we have division-by-constant
     optimization.  Since expand_mult_highpart tries so many variants, it is
     not straightforward to generalize this.  Maybe we should make an array
     of possible modes in init_expmed?  Save this for GCC 2.7.  */

  optab1 = ((op1_is_pow2 && op1 != const0_rtx)
            ? (unsignedp ? lshr_optab : ashr_optab)
            : (unsignedp ? udiv_optab : sdiv_optab));
  optab2 = ((op1_is_pow2 && op1 != const0_rtx)
            ? optab1
            : (unsignedp ? udivmod_optab : sdivmod_optab));

  for (compute_mode = mode; compute_mode != VOIDmode;
       compute_mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (compute_mode))
    if (optab_handler (optab1, compute_mode)->insn_code != CODE_FOR_nothing
        || optab_handler (optab2, compute_mode)->insn_code != CODE_FOR_nothing)
      break;

  if (compute_mode == VOIDmode)
    for (compute_mode = mode; compute_mode != VOIDmode;
         compute_mode = GET_MODE_WIDER_MODE (compute_mode))
      if (optab_libfunc (optab1, compute_mode)
          || optab_libfunc (optab2, compute_mode))
        break;

  /* If we still couldn't find a mode, use MODE, but expand_binop will
     probably die.  */
  if (compute_mode == VOIDmode)
    compute_mode = mode;

  if (target && GET_MODE (target) == compute_mode)
    tquotient = target;
  else
    tquotient = gen_reg_rtx (compute_mode);

  size = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (compute_mode);
#if 0
  /* It should be possible to restrict the precision to GET_MODE_BITSIZE
     (mode), and thereby get better code when OP1 is a constant.  Do that
     later.  It will require going over all usages of SIZE below.  */
  size = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (mode);
#endif

  /* Only deduct something for a REM if the last divide done was
     for a different constant.   Then set the constant of the last
     divide.  */
  max_cost = unsignedp ? udiv_cost[speed][compute_mode] : sdiv_cost[speed][compute_mode];
  if (rem_flag && ! (last_div_const != 0 && op1_is_constant
                     && INTVAL (op1) == last_div_const))
    max_cost -= mul_cost[speed][compute_mode] + add_cost[speed][compute_mode];

  last_div_const = ! rem_flag && op1_is_constant ? INTVAL (op1) : 0;

  /* Now convert to the best mode to use.  */
  if (compute_mode != mode)
    {
      op0 = convert_modes (compute_mode, mode, op0, unsignedp);
      op1 = convert_modes (compute_mode, mode, op1, unsignedp);

      /* convert_modes may have placed op1 into a register, so we
         must recompute the&