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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "nkf 1"
.TH nkf 1 "2006-03-15" "nkf 2.0.6" " "
.SH "NAME"
nkf \- Network Kanji Filter
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
nkf \fB\-[\fR\fIflags\fR\fB]\fR \fB[\fR\fIin_file\fR\fB]\fR .. \fB[\fR\fIout_file_for_\-O_flag\fR\fB]\fR
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
\&\fBNkf\fR is a yet another kanji code converter among networks, hosts and terminals.
It converts input kanji code to designated kanji code
such as \s-1ISO\-2022\-JP\s0, Shift_JIS, \s-1EUC\-JP\s0, \s-1UTF\-8\s0 or \s-1UTF\-16\s0.
.PP
One of the most unique faculty of \fBnkf\fR is the guess of the input kanji encodings.
It currently recognizes \s-1ISO\-2022\-JP\s0, Shift_JIS, \s-1EUC\-JP\s0, \s-1UTF\-8\s0 and \s-1UTF\-16\s0.
So users needn't set the input kanji code explicitly.
.PP
By default, X0201 kana is converted into X0208 kana.
For X0201 kana, \s-1SO/SI\s0, \s-1SSO\s0 and \s-1ESC\-\s0(\-I methods are supported.
For automatic code detection, nkf assumes no X0201 kana in Shift_JIS.
To accept X0201 in Shift_JIS, use \fB\-X\fR, \fB\-x\fR or \fB\-S\fR.
.SH "Flags"
.IX Header "Flags"
.IP "\fB\-b \-u\fR" 4
.IX Item "-b -u"
Output is buffered (\s-1DEFAULT\s0), Output is unbuffered.
.IP "\fB\-j \-s \-e \-w \-w16\fR" 4
.IX Item "-j -s -e -w -w16"
Output code is \s-1ISO\-2022\-JP\s0 (7bit \s-1JIS\s0), Shift_JIS, \s-1EUC\-JP\s0,
\&\s-1UTF\-8N\s0, \s-1UTF\-16BE\s0.
Without this option and compile option, \s-1ISO\-2022\-JP\s0 is assumed.
.IP "\fB\-J \-S \-E \-W \-W16\fR" 4
.IX Item "-J -S -E -W -W16"
Input assumption is \s-1JIS\s0 7 bit, Shift_JIS, \s-1EUC\-JP\s0,
\&\s-1UTF\-8\s0, \s-1UTF\-16LE\s0.
.RS 4
.IP "\fB\-J\fR" 4
.IX Item "-J"
Assume  \s-1JIS\s0 input. It also accepts \s-1EUC\-JP\s0.
This is the default. This flag does not exclude Shift_JIS.
.IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4
.IX Item "-S"
Assume Shift_JIS and X0201 kana input. It also accepts \s-1JIS\s0.
EUC-JP is recognized as X0201 kana. Without \fB\-x\fR flag,
X0201 kana (halfwidth kana) is converted into X0208.
.IP "\fB\-E\fR" 4
.IX Item "-E"
Assume EUC-JP input. It also accepts \s-1JIS\s0.
Same as \-J.
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4
.IX Item "-t"
No conversion.
.IP "\fB\-i[@B]\fR" 4
.IX Item "-i[@B]"
Specify the Esc Seq for \s-1JIS\s0 X 0208\-1978/83. (\s-1DEFAULT\s0 B)
.IP "\fB\-o[\s-1BJH\s0]\fR" 4
.IX Item "-o[BJH]"
Specify the Esc Seq for ASCII/Roman. (\s-1DEFAULT\s0 B)
.IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4
.IX Item "-r"
{de/en}crypt \s-1ROT13/47\s0
.IP "\fB\-h[123] \-\-hiragana \-\-katakana \-\-katakana\-hiragana\fR" 4
.IX Item "-h[123] --hiragana --katakana --katakana-hiragana"
.RS 4
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-h1 \-\-hiragana\fR" 4
.IX Item "-h1 --hiragana"
.PD
Katakana to Hiragana conversion.
.IP "\fB\-h2 \-\-katakana\fR" 4
.IX Item "-h2 --katakana"
Hiragana to Katakana conversion.
.IP "\fB\-h3 \-\-katakana\-hiragana\fR" 4
.IX Item "-h3 --katakana-hiragana"
Katakana to Hiragana and Hiragana to Katakana conversion.
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.IP "\fB\-T\fR" 4
.IX Item "-T"
Text mode output (\s-1MS\-DOS\s0)
.IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4
.IX Item "-l"
\&\s-1ISO8859\-1\s0 (Latin\-1) support
.IP "\fB\-f[\f(BIm\fB [\- \f(BIn\fB]]\fR" 4
.IX Item "-f[m [- n]]"
Folding on \fIm\fR length with \fIn\fR margin in a line.
Without this option, fold length is 60 and fold margin is 10.
.IP "\fB\-F\fR" 4
.IX Item "-F"
New line preserving line folding.
.IP "\fB\-Z[0\-3]\fR" 4
.IX Item "-Z[0-3]"
Convert X0208 alphabet (Fullwidth Alphabets) to \s-1ASCII\s0.
.RS 4
.IP "\fB\-Z \-Z0\fR" 4
.IX Item "-Z -Z0"
Convert X0208 alphabet to \s-1ASCII\s0.
.IP "\fB\-Z1\fR" 4
.IX Item "-Z1"
Converts X0208 kankaku to single \s-1ASCII\s0 space.
.IP "\fB\-Z2\fR" 4
.IX Item "-Z2"
Converts X0208 kankaku to double \s-1ASCII\s0 spaces.
.IP "\fB\-Z3\fR" 4
.IX Item "-Z3"
Replacing Fullwidth >, <, ", & into '&gt;', '&lt;', '&quot;', '&amp;' as in \s-1HTML\s0.
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.IP "\fB\-X \-x\fR" 4
.IX Item "-X -x"
Assume X0201 kana in MS\-Kanji.
With \fB\-X\fR or without this option, X0201 is converted into X0208 Kana.
With \fB\-x\fR, try to preserve X0208 kana and do not convert X0201 kana to X0208.
In \s-1JIS\s0 output, \s-1ESC\-\s0(\-I is used. In \s-1EUC\s0 output, \s-1SSO\s0 is used.
.IP "\fB\-B[0\-2]\fR" 4
.IX Item "-B[0-2]"
Assume broken JIS-Kanji input, which lost \s-1ESC\s0.
Useful when your site is using old B\-News Nihongo patch.
.RS 4
.IP "\fB\-B1\fR" 4
.IX Item "-B1"
allows any char after \s-1ESC\-\s0( or \s-1ESC\-$\s0.
.IP "\fB\-B2\fR" 4
.IX Item "-B2"
forces \s-1ASCII\s0 after \s-1NL\s0.
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.IP "\fB\-I\fR" 4
.IX Item "-I"
Replacing non iso\-2022\-jp char into a geta character
(substitute character in Japanese).
.IP "\fB\-d \-c\fR" 4
.IX Item "-d -c"
Convert line breaks  \-d: \s-1LF\s0  \-c: \s-1CRLF\s0.
.IP "\fB\-m[\s-1BQN0\s0]\fR" 4
.IX Item "-m[BQN0]"
\&\s-1MIME\s0 \s-1ISO\-2022\-JP/ISO8859\-1\s0 decode. (\s-1DEFAULT\s0)
To see \s-1ISO8859\-1\s0 (Latin\-1) \-l is necessary.
.RS 4
.IP "\fB\-mB\fR" 4
.IX Item "-mB"
Decode \s-1MIME\s0 base64 encoded stream. Remove header or other part before
conversion. 
.IP "\fB\-mQ\fR" 4
.IX Item "-mQ"
Decode \s-1MIME\s0 quoted stream. '_' in quoted stream is converted to space.
.IP "\fB\-mN\fR" 4
.IX Item "-mN"
Non-strict decoding.
It allows line break in the middle of the base64 encoding.
.IP "\fB\-m0\fR" 4
.IX Item "-m0"
No \s-1MIME\s0 decode.
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.IP "\fB\-M\fR" 4
.IX Item "-M"
\&\s-1MIME\s0 encode. Header style. All \s-1ASCII\s0 code and control characters are intact.
.RS 4
.IP "\fB\-MB\fR" 4
.IX Item "-MB"
\&\s-1MIME\s0 encode Base64 stream.
Kanji conversion is performed before encoding, so this cannot be used as a picture encoder.
.IP "\fB\-MQ\fR" 4
.IX Item "-MQ"
Perfome quoted encoding.
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4
.IX Item "-l"
Input and output code is \s-1ISO8859\-1\s0 (Latin\-1) and \s-1ISO\-2022\-JP\s0.
\&\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-e\fR and \fB\-x\fR are not compatible with this option.
.IP "\fB\-L[uwm]\fR" 4
.IX Item "-L[uwm]"
new line mode
.RS 4
.IP "\fB\-Lu\fR" 4
.IX Item "-Lu"
unix (\s-1LF\s0)
.IP "\fB\-Lw\fR" 4
.IX Item "-Lw"
windows (\s-1CRLF\s0)
.IP "\fB\-Lm\fR" 4
.IX Item "-Lm"
mac (\s-1CR\s0)
.Sp
Without this option, nkf doesn't convert line breaks.
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.IP "\fB\-\-fj \-\-unix \-\-mac \-\-msdos \-\-windows\fR" 4
.IX Item "--fj --unix --mac --msdos --windows"
convert for these system
.IP "\fB\-\-jis \-\-euc \-\-sjis \-\-mime \-\-base64\fR" 4
.IX Item "--jis --euc --sjis --mime --base64"
convert for named code
.IP "\fB\-\-jis\-input \-\-euc\-input \-\-sjis\-input \-\-mime\-input \-\-base64\-input\fR" 4
.IX Item "--jis-input --euc-input --sjis-input --mime-input --base64-input"
assume input system
.IP "\fB\-\-ic=\f(BIinput codeset\fB \-\-oc=\f(BIoutput codeset\fB\fR" 4
.IX Item "--ic=input codeset --oc=output codeset"
Set the input or output codeset.
\&\s-1NKF\s0 supports following codesets and those codeset name are case insensitive.
.RS 4
.IP "\s-1ISO\-2022\-JP\s0" 4
.IX Item "ISO-2022-JP"
a.k.a. \s-1RFC1468\s0, 7bit \s-1JIS\s0, \s-1JUNET\s0
.IP "EUC-JP (eucJP\-nkf)" 4
.IX Item "EUC-JP (eucJP-nkf)"
a.k.a. \s-1AT&T\s0 \s-1JIS\s0, Japanese \s-1EUC\s0, \s-1UJIS\s0
.IP "eucJP-ascii" 4
.IX Item "eucJP-ascii"
.PD 0
.IP "eucJP-ms" 4
.IX Item "eucJP-ms"
.IP "\s-1CP51932\s0" 4
.IX Item "CP51932"
.PD
Microsoft Version of \s-1EUC\-JP\s0.
.IP "Shift_JIS" 4
.IX Item "Shift_JIS"
a.k.a. \s-1SJIS\s0, MS-Kanji
.IP "\s-1CP932\s0" 4
.IX Item "CP932"
a.k.a. Windows\-31J
.IP "\s-1UTF\-8\s0" 4
.IX Item "UTF-8"
same as \s-1UTF\-8N\s0
.IP "\s-1UTF\-8N\s0" 4
.IX Item "UTF-8N"
\&\s-1UTF\-8\s0 without \s-1BOM\s0
.IP "\s-1UTF\-8\-BOM\s0" 4
.IX Item "UTF-8-BOM"
\&\s-1UTF\-8\s0 with \s-1BOM\s0
.IP "\s-1UTF\-16\s0" 4
.IX Item "UTF-16"
same as \s-1UTF\-16BE\s0
.IP "\s-1UTF\-16BE\s0" 4
.IX Item "UTF-16BE"
\&\s-1UTF\-16\s0 Big Endian without \s-1BOM\s0
.IP "\s-1UTF\-16BE\-BOM\s0" 4
.IX Item "UTF-16BE-BOM"
\&\s-1UTF\-16\s0 Big Endian with \s-1BOM\s0
.IP "\s-1UTF\-16LE\s0" 4
.IX Item "UTF-16LE"
\&\s-1UTF\-16\s0 Little Endian without \s-1BOM\s0
.IP "\s-1UTF\-16LE\-BOM\s0" 4
.IX Item "UTF-16LE-BOM"
\&\s-1UTF\-16\s0 Little Endian with \s-1BOM\s0
.IP "\s-1UTF8\-MAC\s0 (input only)" 4
.IX Item "UTF8-MAC (input only)"
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-fb\-{skip, html, xml, perl, java, subchar}\fR" 4
.IX Item "--fb-{skip, html, xml, perl, java, subchar}"
.PD
Specify the way that nkf handles unassigned characters.
Without this option, \-\-fb\-skip is assumed.
.IP "\fB\-\-prefix=\f(BIescape character\fB\f(BItarget character\fB..\fR" 4
.IX Item "--prefix=escape charactertarget character.."
When nkf converts to Shift_JIS,
nkf adds a specified escape character to specified 2nd byte of Shift_JIS characters.
1st byte of argument is the escape character and following bytes are target characters.
.IP "\fB\-\-no\-cp932ext\fR" 4
.IX Item "--no-cp932ext"
Handle the characters extended in \s-1CP932\s0 as unassigned characters.
.IP "\fB\-\-no\-best\-fit\-chars\fR" 4
.IX Item "--no-best-fit-chars"
When Unicode to Encoded byte conversion,
don't convert characters which is not round trip safe.
When Unicode to Unicode conversion,
with this and \-x option, nkf can be used as \s-1UTF\s0 converter.
(In other words, without this and \-x option, nkf doesn't save some characters)
.Sp
When nkf convert string which related to path, you should use this opion.
.IP "\fB\-\-cap\-input\fR" 4
.IX Item "--cap-input"
Decode hex encoded characters.
.IP "\fB\-\-url\-input\fR" 4
.IX Item "--url-input"
Unescape percent escaped characters.
.IP "\fB\-\-numchar\-input\fR" 4
.IX Item "--numchar-input"
Decode character reference, such as \*(L"&#....;\*(R".
.IP "\fB\-\-in\-place[=\fR\fI\s-1SUFFIX\s0\fR\fB]\fR  \fB\-\-overwrite[=\fR\fI\s-1SUFFIX\s0\fR\fB]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--in-place[=SUFFIX]  --overwrite[=SUFFIX]"
Overwrite \fBoriginal\fR listed files by filtered result.
.Sp
\&\fBNote\fR \-\-overwrite preserves timestamp of original files.
.IP "\fB\-\-guess\fR" 4
.IX Item "--guess"
Print guessed encoding.
.IP "\fB\-\-\fR" 4
.IX Item "--"
Ignore rest of \-option.
.SH "AUTHOR"
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
Network Kanji Filter Version 2.0.6
.PP
Copyright (C) 1987, \s-1FUJITSU\s0 \s-1LTD\s0. (I.Ichikawa),2000 S. Kono, \s-1COW\s0
                     2002\-2006 Kono, Furukawa, Naruse, mastodon